EXCHANGE 


VOLUME  X 


No.  1 


BULLETIN 


OF  THE 


Buffalo  Society  of  Natural  Sciences 


A  DIRECTORY 
•of          | 
AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 


BUFFALO,  NEW  YORK 
1910 


BULLETIN 

of  the 

Buffalo  Society  of  Natural  Sciences 

VOLUME  X  OCTOBER,  1910  No    1 

A  DIRECTORY  OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS  OF  ART, 
HISTORY,  AND  SCIENCE 

COMPILED  BY 
PAUL  MARSHALL  REA 

lV  .  , 

Secretary  of  the  American  Association  of  Museums 

INTRODUCTION 

At  the  third  annual  meeting  of  the  American  Association  of 
Museums,  in  1908,  the  writer  discussed  the  desirability  of  a  directory 
of  American  museums  and  presented  a  tentative  outline  of  data 
which  might  advantageously  be  included.1  He  was  then  authorized 
to  undertake  the  compilation  of  such  a  directory  on  behalf  of  the 
Association,  and  the  Buffalo  Society  of  Natural  Sciences  generously 
offered  to  publish  the  work.  To  Mr.  Henry  R.  Howland,  Superin- 
tendent of  the  Buffalo  Society,  the  writer  desires  to  acknowledge 
indebtedness  for  many  courtesies. 

The  purpose  of  the  directory  is  to  bring  together  in  convenient 
form  data  regarding  the  organization  and  work  of  American  museums, 
with  the  object  of  promoting  mutual  aid  and  cooperation.  It  is 
fully  realized  that  statistics  concerning  collections  can  give  only  a 
very  imperfect  indication  of  the  importance  of  museums,  but  when 
the  character  of  the  financial  support  and  other  details  of  organiza- 
tion are  also  given  it  is  possible  to  form  a  much  closer  estimate  of 


See  Proc.  Am.  Assoc.  Mus.,  II,  1908,  33-35. 


4  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

relative  efficiency.  It  is  also  hoped  that  the  publication  of  such 
information  may  stimulate  the  development  of  museums  by  showing 
what  is  already  being  done. 

The  scope  of  the  directory  was  finally  determined  after  receiving 
suggestions  from  the  council  of  the  Association  and  others,  and  a 
form  for  the  return  of  information  was  prepared.  The  mailing  of 
these  forms  was  begun  in  February,  1900.  Since  that  time  informa- 
tion has  been  gathered  as  rapidly  as  the  time  and  funds  available 
would  permit.  All  manuscript  has  been  prepared  since  February  i, 
1910,  and  the  account  of  each  museum  has  been  submitted  for  revision, 
except  in  a  few  cases  during  the  course  of  publication.  It  was  origin- 
ally planned  to  issue  the  directory  in  May,  1910,  but  delay  in  secur- 
ing returns  from  many  museums  necessitated  postponement,  seven 
or  eight  communications  being  necessary  in  a  number  of  cases. 

An  effort  has  been  made  to  include  the  museums  of  both  North 
and  South  America,  but  the  time  consumed  in  the  mails  to  South 
America  has  made  it  impossible  to  obtain  satisfactory  results  in  this 
part  of  the  work.  Such  information,  however,  as  has  been  obtained 
is  printed,  with  the  names  of  other  museums  secured  from  various 
sources.  As  the  work  progressed  it  became  evident  that  no  line  of 
demarcation  could  be  drawn  between  active  museums  and  collec- 
tions hardly  worthy  of  the  name,  and  it  was  decided  to  include  all 
except  private  museums  not  open  to  the  public.  No  effort  has  been 
made  to  compile  data  regarding  medical  or  other  special  museums, 
but  accounts  of  some  of  these  have  been  received  and  printed. 

The  mailing  list  was  originally  compiled  from  a  number  of  publi- 
cations covering  a  part  of  the  field  of  the  directory.  This  list  has 
been  extended  by  suggestions  from  the  institutions  to  which  manu- 
script has  been  sent.  For  this  purpose  a  list  of  the  museums  in  each 
state  or  province  was  included  with  nearly  all  manuscript  submitted 
for  approval,  with  a  request  that  it  be  verified  and  extended  if  neces- 
sary. Among  previous  publications  that  of  Merrill1  is  worthy  of 
special  mention.  This  contains  accounts  of  scientific  museums 
similar  in  many  respects  to  those  of  the  present  work,  the  chief  addi- 
tion in  the  latter  being  administrative  information  intended  to  indi- 
cate the  organization  and  importance  of  the  museums  described. 
In  a  number  of  cases  where  we  have  been  unable  to  obtain  satisfac- 
tory information  the  account  is  based  upon  Merrill,  due  credit  being 
given  in  each  instance.  In  other  cases  where  a  similarity  of  accounts 


1  Natural  History  Museums  of  the  United  States  and  Canada.  Bull  N.  Y.  State  Mus.t 
62,  1903. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  5 

may  be  noted  it  is  apparently  due  to  the  use  of  the  same  catalogs 
or  other  printed  matter  as  sources  of  information. 

In  relation  to  historical  museums  much  help  has  been  derived 
from  a  report  on  state  and  local  historical  societies1  compiled  for  the 
American  Historical  Association  by  a  committee  consisting  of  Reuben 
G.  Thwaites,  chairman,  Benjamin  F.  Shambaugh,  and  Franklin  L. 
Riley.  References  to  Thwaites  in  the  text  refer  to  this  work.  Other 
sources  of  information  include  the  "Handbook  of  Learned  Societies" 
issued  by  the  Carnegie  Institution,  the  census  reports,  and  "Minerva." 
The  last  has  been  consulted  chiefly  in  regard  to  South  American 
museums  which  have  not  otherwise  been  heard  from.  The  census 
reports  have  been  drawn  upon' for  accounts  of  the  smaller  zoological 
parks,  which  it  was  decided  to  include  only  when  the  work  was  about 
to  go  to  press. 

In  comparing  our  returns  with  those  of  Merrill  and  Thwaites 
it  is  of  interest  to  note  that  a  considerable  number  of  museums,  often 
with  the  same  curator,  now  report  much  smaller  collections,  or  even 
"no  museum."  This  is  probably  not  to  be  interpreted  as  an  actual 
decrease  of  material,  but  rather  as  an  indication  of  estimates  made  in 
absence  of  records,  either  in  both  cases  or  in  the  earlier  only.  When 
"no  museum"  is  reported  it  often  indicates  an  indefinite  conception 
of  what  a  museum  is. 

The  final  results  fail  in  many  respects  to  come  up  to  the  standard 
which  it  was  hoped  to  maintain,  and  the  work  is  submitted  with  a  full 
realization  of  its  incompleteness,  but  with  the  hope  that  it  may  prove 
of  value  in  promoting  the  objects  for  which  it  was  undertaken.  It 
is  intended  that  it  may  also  serve  as  the  basis  of  further  studies  in 
the  organization  and  work  of  American  museums  which  may  be 
published  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  American  Association  of  Museums. 
To  this  -end,  all  museums  are  urgently  requested  to  place  the  secre- 
tary of  the  Association  on  their  mailing  lists  for  all  publications 
descriptive  of  their  work.  Communications  should  be  addressed 
to  Paul  M.  Rea,  Secretary,  American  Association  of  Museums, 
Charleston,  S.  C. 


1  Report  of  Committee  on  Methods  of  Organization  and  Work  on  the  Part  of  State  and 
Local  Societies.    Ann.  Rep.  Am.  Hist.  Assoc.,  I,  1905,  249-325. 


CONTENTS 


UNITED  STATES 


ALABAMA 

ALASKA 

ARIZONA 

ARKANSAS 

CALIFORNIA 

COLORADO 

CONNECTICUT 

DELAWARE 

DISTRICT  or  COLUMBIA 

FLORIDA 

GEORGIA 

HAWAII 

IDAHO 

ILLINOIS 

INDIANA 

IOWA 

KANSAS • 

KENTUCKY 

LOUISIANA 

MAINE 

MARYLAND 

MASSACHUSETTS 

MICHIGAN 

MINNESOTA 

MISSISSIPPI 

MISSOURI 

MONTANA 

NEBRASKA 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE 

NEW  JERSEY. 

NEW  MEXICO 

NEW  YORK 

NORTH  CAROLINA 

NORTH  DAKOTA  . . 


9 

12 
12 

13 

13 
29 

35 
42 
42 
49 


54 
54 

75 
81 

87 
92 

93 
96 
101 
104 
144 
151 
155 
156 
164 

165 
167 
170 
177 

177 
219 
223 


UNITED  STATES— CON. 

OHIO 224 

"  OKLAHOMA 237 

OREGON 238 

PENNSYLVANIA 240 

RHODE  ISLAND 273 

SOUTH  CAROLINA 278 

SOUTH  DAKOTA 282 

TENNESSEE 283 

TEXAS 285 

UTAH 288 

VERMONT 289 

VIRGINIA 294 

WASHINGTON 298 

WEST  VIRGINIA 301 

WISCONSIN 301 

WYOMING 312 

CANADA 

ALBERTA 314 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA 314 

NEW  BRUNSWICK 315 

NEWFOUNDLAND 318 

NOVA  SCOTIA. 319 

ONTARIO 322 

QUEBEC 325 


BERMUDA 


333 


MEXICO 


CAMPECHE 334 

FEDERAL  DISTRICT 334 

MEXICO 334 

MICHOACAN 33  5 

MORELOS 336 


DIRECTORY  OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 


MEXICO— CON. 

NUEVO  LEON 

OAXACA 

PUEBLA 

QUERETARO 

VERA  CRUZ 

YUCATAN.. 


CENTRAL  AMERICA 
COSTA  RICA.. 


SOUTH  AMERICA 

336         ARGENTINA 340 

336         BOLIVIA 341 

336         BRAZIL 34i 

336  CHILE 342 

337  COLOMBIA 345 

337  ECUADOR 346 

PARAGUAY 346 

PERU 346 

URUGUAY 346 

338  VENEZUELA 347 


UNITED  STATES 

ALABAMA 

AUBURN: 

ALABAMA  POLYTECHNIC  INSTITUTE. 

The  herbarium  of  the  institute  comprises  6000  cryptogams  and 
17,000  phanerogams,  and  is  in  charge  of  Francis  E.  Lloyd,  professor 
of  botany,  assisted  by  Charles  S.  Ridgeway,  instructor  in  botany. 

There  are  also  small  teaching  collections  in  geology  and  zoology, 
and  a  paleontological  collection  including  a  series  of  local  fossils  and 
a  small  collection  from  the  Paris  basin. 

MONTGOMERY: 

ALABAMA   DEPARTMENT    OF   ARCHIVES    AND    HISTORY. 

This  department  was  established  in  1901  and  maintains  a  museum 
and  art  gallery  in  the  state  capitol,  in  charge  of  Thomas  M.  Owen, 
director. 

TALLADEGA: 

TALLADEGA  COLLEGE.     Museum. 

The  museum  has  been  accumulated  gradually  since  the  founding 
of  the  college  in  1867,  and  includes  small  collections  in  anthropology, 
art,  botany,  commerce  and  industry,  geology,  paleontology,  zoology, 
etc.,  chiefly  used  in  connection  with  instruction  in  the  college.  The 
museum  has  no  regular  income  and  no  special  staff,  being  cared  for 
by  the  teachers  of  the  scientific  subjects. 

TUSCALOOSA: 

GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY  OF  ALABAMA.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  Eugene  Allen  Smith,  who  is  also  director  of  the 
survey;  Curator,  Herbert  H.  Smith;  Volunteer  Assistant,  Mrs.  Herbert 
H.  Smith. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Two  cases  of  Indian  antiquities,  chiefly  from 
Moundville,  near  Tuscaloosa.  This  material  has  been  presented  by 
Dr.  Smith,  Professor  Wyman,  and  Mr.  E.  N.  C.  Snow.  There  is  no 
systematic  collection  at  present. 


10  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BOTANY.  A.  The  Mohr  herbarium,  comprising  (i)  2500  species 
of  ferns  and  flowering  plants  growing  without  cultivation  in  Alabama, 
and  2500  species  of  algae,  lichens,  fungi,  mosses,  and  liverworts  of 
Alabama.  (2)  A  forestry  collection,  comprising  (a)  specimens  of  the 
native  woods  of  Alabama  in  blocks  of  brick  shape  with  appropriate 
labels,  collected  by  Dr.  Mohr  in  1880  for  the  geological  survey  and 
representing  125  species;  (b)  150  specimens  in  individual  glass-front 
cases,  illustrating  the  foliage,  flowers,  and  fruit  of  the  species  included 
in  (a) ;  (c)  manuscript  maps  by  Dr.  Mohr,  illustrating  the  geographical 
distribution  of  the  most  important  timber  trees.  This  extensive  her- 
barium of  native  plants  was  collected  by  Dr.  Charles  A.  Mohr  and  Dr. 
Eugene  A.  Smith,  and  presented  by  them  to  the  geological  survey  of 
Alabama  in  1873.  It  was  the  basis  of  Dr.  Mohr's  report  on  "The 
Plant  Life  of  Alabama."  Since  that  time  many  additions  have  been 
made  by  Dr.  Mohr,  who  also  did  all  the  work  of  mounting  and  arrang- 
ing the  specimens .  B .  The  Peters  collection ,  th e  gift  of  J  udge  Thomas 
Minott  Peters,  comprising  (a)  the  T.  M.  Peters  collection  of  no 
species  of  mosses,  23  of  algae,  500+  of  Alabama  fungi,  no  of  Alabama 
lichens,  and  200  of  the  genus  Car  ex;  (b)  fascicles  I-V  of  RavenePs 
Fungi  Caroliniani  exsiccati,  500  species;  (c)  fascicles  I-V  of  Tucker- 
man's  Lichenes  Amer.  Septr.,  150  species.  These  are  all  mounted  in 
bound  volumes,  and  constitute  a  most  valuable  part  of  the  herbarium. 

GEOGRAPHY.  A  large  relief  map  of  the  southern  Appalachian 
region,  the  work  of  E.  E.  Howell,  and  many  maps  and  sections  pre- 
pared by  the  state  and  United  States  surveys,  together  with  models 
and  relief  maps  for  educational  purposes. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  The  collections  of  the  geological 
survey  of  the  state  are  by  law  deposited  in  the  museum,  comprising 
75,ooo±  fossils  and  5ooo±  minerals  and  rocks  illustrative  of  Alabama 
geology  and  mining  industries.  There  is  also  a  very  large  and  fine 
series  of  tertiary  fossils,  presented  by  Mr.  T.  H.  Aldrich  and  including 
the  co-types  of  species  described  by  him;  the  Lommel  collection  of 
i ooo  specimens  of  European  fossils  and  rocks;  the  Scho waiter  collection 
of  minerals  and  fossils;  extensive  collections  from  New  York,  Vermont, 
Indiana,  Wisconsin,  etc. ;  and  an  extensive  series  from  the  United  States 
geological  survey.  Among  the  fossils,  the  type  series  of  Alabama 
coal  plants,  described  by  Lesquereux,  deserve  special  mention. 

ZOOLOGY,  (i)  The  conchological  collections  of  about  2000  spe- 
cies, comprising  (a)  the  classical  Schowalter  collection  of  100,000  land, 
fresh- water,  and  marine  shells  from  all  parts  of  the  world;  (b)  the  Mohr 
collection  of  land,  fresh-water,  and  marine  shells  from  all  parts  of  the 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  II 

world;  (c)  collections  of  Alabama  species,  including  350  species  of 
land  and  fresh-water  shells  collected  by  H.  H.  Smith.  (2)  Entomologi- 
cal collections,  including  several  thousand  specimens  as  yet  unnamed, 
and  1000  named  species  of  Alabama  coleoptera,  presented  by  Mr. 
H.  P.  Loding,  of  Mobile.  (3)  The  Mohr  alcoholic  collection  of  fishes 
of  Mobile  Bay.  (4)  Alcoholic  specimens  of  marine  invertebrates 
of  the  Atlantic  coast,  presented  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 
(5)  The  Tuomey  collection  of  Alabama  reptiles.  (6)  The  Avery  bird 
collection,  made  by  the  late  Dr.  Avery  at  Greensboro,  and  purchased 
by  the  geological  survey  and  deposited  in  the  museum.  The  collec- 
tion consists  of  900  specimens  of  bird  skins,  representing  iy5± 
species. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  present  museum  has  grown  from  the 
collections  made  by  the  geological  survey,  under  Professor  Tuomey 
from  1847  to  l857>  and  under  Dr.  Eugene  A.  .Smith  from  1873  to  the 
present.  The  collections  of  Professor  Tuomey  and  of  the  university 
were  largely  destroyed  by  fire  in  1865.  The  specimens  which  were 
saved  at  that  time  lost  most  of  their  value  by  the  destruction  of  their 
labels  during  the  period  of  reconstruction  from  1868  to  1871.  Since 
1871  the  geological  department  of  the  university,  and  since  1873  the 
geological  survey  of  the  state,  have  been  under  the  charge  of  Dr. 
Eugene  A.  Smith.  The  present  museum  has  been  chiefly  accumulated 
during  this  period.  The  state  legislature  of  1906-7  appropriated 
$100,000  for  the  erection  of  a  new  building  to  provide  adequate 
quarters  for  the  museum. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  has  no  special  funds.  The 
expense  of  collection  and  administration  has  been  met  by  the  geologi- 
cal survey,  while  the  cost  of  cases  and  other  equipment  has  been  borne 
by  the  university. 

BUILDING.  The  new  building,  named  Smith  Hall  in  honor  of  the 
director,  was  completed  in  December,  1909,  at  a  cost  of  $100,000 
appropriated  by  the  legislature.  It  provides  about  12,000  square  feet 
of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  and  18,000  for  library,  offices, 
workrooms,  lecture  rooms,  and  laboratories  for  the  geological  survey 
and  for  the  departments  of  biology  and  geology  of  the  university. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  who  is  also  professor  of  geology 
and  state  geologist,  responsible  to  the  president  and  board  of  trustees 
of  the  university. 

SCOPE.  Special  emphasis  is  laid  upon  exploration  and  exhibition 
of  the  biological  and  geological  resources  of  Alabama,  supplemented 
by  general  collections  for  university  instruction. 


12  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

LIBRARY.  3000-4000  books  and  many  thousand  pamphlets 
relating  chiefly  to  geology  and  natural  history,  intended  primarily 
for  the  use  of  the  staff  and  university  students.  Most  of  this  material 
is  the  gift  of  Dr.  Smith. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  museum  issues  no  publications  at  present, 
but  many  of  its  collections  have  been  described  in  the  reports  of  the 
survey. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days.  No 
statistics  of  attendance  are  available. 

ALASKA 

SITKA: 

ALASKA   DISTRICT    HISTORICAL    LIBRARY    AND  MUSEUM. 

This  institution  was  established  by  Congress  in  1900  and  main- 
tains a  museum  of  Alaskan  objects  as  well  as  a  library,  in  charge  of 
Governor  Walter  E.  Clark,  official  custodian. 

ARIZONA 

TUCSON: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ARIZONA.     Museum. 

STAFF.     Curator,  Herbert  Brown. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Specimens  of  ancient  and  modern  aboriginal 
pottery  from  the  pueblos  and  cliff  houses  of  Arizona;  stone  implements; 
relics  of  the  Spanish  conquest;  skulls  and  clay  images;  figures  illus- 
trating the  dress  of  the  Yuma  Indians  and  Mexicans. 

BOTANY.  io,ooo±  specimens,  including  the  botanical  survey 
herbarium  of  2500  specimens  of  the  Arizona  flora.  The  cactaceae 
are  especially  well  represented  in  the  herbarium,  there  being  more  than 
1000  mounted  specimens  and  as  many  more  unmounted  duplicates. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  2500;  Rocks,  3000.  There  is,  in  addition, 
an  economic  collection  including  copper  ores  and  minerals  from  Bisbee; 
gold,  silver,  and  lead  ores  of  the  state;  gypsum,  cement,  and  building 
stones;  and  also  the  86-pound  Weaver  meteorite. 

PALEONTOLOGY.     Collections  of  Arizona  fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  1 500  specimens,  chiefly  from  Arizona,  and  the  Herbert 
Brown  collection  of  1200  skins  of  Arizona  birds  loaned  by  the  curator. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  irregular  appropriations  from  the 
general  funds  of  the  university.  The  curator  receives,  in  addition  to 
his  professorship  in  the  university,  a  small  amount  appropriated 
directly  by  the  state. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  13 

ARKANSAS 

CON  WAY: 

HENDRIX  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  small  teaching  collections  in  charge  of  G.  H.  Burr. 
They  comprise  about  800  minerals,  chiefly  economic;  about  75  speci- 
mens in  historical  geology;  and  100  zoological  specimens. 

FAYETTEVILLE: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ARKANSAS.     Museum. 

STAFF.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  A.  H.  Purdue,  state  geologist 
and  head  professor  of  geology  and  mining  in  the  university. 

BOTANY.     i5oo±  species,  3500  specimens. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  3500;  Rocks,  300;  Relief  maps,  13;  Mine 
models,  8. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  1000;  Vertebrates,  300;  Plants, 
500. 

ZOOLOGY.  Insects,  200  species;  Fishes,  350  species,  1500  speci- 
mens; Batrachians  and  reptiles,  40  species,  200  specimens,  18  skele- 
tons; Birds  and  mammals,  80  species,  200  specimens. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  botanical  and  zoological  collections, 
and  a  part  of  the  paleontological  collection,  were  organized  previous 
to  1896.  The  others  have  been  added  to  the  museum  since  that  date. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  appropriations  from  the  state  legisla- 
ture, averaging  about  $500  a  year. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  6130  square  feet  of  floor 
space  available  for  exhibition,  and  2367  for  offices,  classroom,  labora- 
tory, etc.,  on  the  fourth  floor  of  the  main  building  of  the  university, 
erected  in  1871  at  a  cost  of  $170,000  defrayed  by  the  state. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  who  makes  a  biennial  report  to 
the  trustees  of  the  university. 

SCOPE.     Primarily  teaching  and  research  work. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  throughout 
the  collegiate  year  and  upon  application  during  vacation. 

CALIFORNIA 

AVALON,  SANTA  CATALINA  ISLAND: 
TUNA   CLUB. 

The  club  has  a  museum  of  mounted  game  fishes  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia and  Texas,  in  charge  of  A.  L.  Beebe,  honorary  curator.  There 
is  also  a  library  of  angling. 


14  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ZOOLOGICAL  STATION. 

This  station  maintains  a  collection  of  living  fishes  and  inverte- 
brates of  the  locality;  a  set  of  alcoholic  specimens  of  rare  fishes,  etc., 
many  of  which  have  been  described  and  figured.  The  station  also 
has  a  collection  representing  the  archeology  of  the  Channel  Islands 
of  California,  part  of  which  is  on  exhibition  in  the  chamber  of  com- 
merce at  Los  Angeles. 

BERKELEY: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA.     Department  of  Botany. 

This  department  maintains  a  herbarium  comprising  133,055 
mounted  sheets  of  plants.  This  includes  an  economic  collection  of 
3182  sheets,  10,137  sheets  of  algae,  3267  sheets  of  fungi,  9285  other 
cryptogams,  and  107,184  sheets  of  phanerogams.  There  is  also  a  large 
collection  of  unmounted  material,  the  greater  part  of  which  is  available 
for  study,  making  a  total  available  collection  of  about  250,000  sheets. 
Although  the  general  aim  of  the  department  is  to  devote  special  atten- 
tion to  western  North  America,  a  large  number  of  eastern  and  Euro- 
pean species  is  represented,  while  the  collection  of  New  Zealand  and 
Australian  plants  is  considerable.  The  nucleus  of  the  herbarium  is 
a  nearly  complete  set  of  the  state  survey  collections,  to  which  have 
been  added  nearly  all  of  the  sets  distributed  from  western  North 
America  and  especially  from  the  Brandegee  herbarium,  which  is 
rich  in  types  and  duplicate  types  and  contains  a  good  representation 
of  the  Mexican  flora. 

The  herbarium  is  in  charge  of  W.  A.  Setchell,  professor  of  botany, 
who  has  assigned  its  keeping  to  H.  M.  Hall,  assistant  professor  of  bot- 
any; it  also  profits  by  the  labors  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  T.  S.  Brandegee, 
who  serve  without  pay,  the  former  having  the  title  of  honorary  cura- 
tor of  the  heibarium.  C.  A.  Purpus  is  the  botanical  collector. 

The  herbarium  is  temporarily  housed  on  the  top  floor  of  the  Hearst 
Memorial  Mining  Building,  a  thoroughly  fireproof  structure,  where 
it  is  accessible  to  graduate  students  and  to  visiting  botanists.  It  is 
supported  by  state  funds  administered  through  the  officers  of  the  uni- 
versity, about  $2000  a  year  being  expended  on  supplies  and  labor. 

Connected  with  the  herbarium  is  a  botanical  museum  comprising 
several  thousand  specimens  reserved  for  research  purposes,  and  also  a 
botanical  garden  of  two  and  a  half  acres,  in  which  about  2500  species 
of  plants  are  cultivated,  and  upon  which  the  sum  of  $1200  per  year  is 
expended. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL   SCIENCES  15 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA.     Department  of  Geology  and 
Mineralogy. 

The  department  maintains  a  teaching  collection  of  rocks  and 
minerals  contained  in  about  1200  drawers  and  in  about  125  linear 
feet  of  glass  cases.  There  are  also  glass  and  wooden  models,  speci- 
mens from  mines  on  the  Pacific  coast,  models  of  interesting  geologic 
regions,  and  3600  slides  for  microscopic  study.  These  collections  are 
in  charge  of  Andrew  C.  Lawson,  professor  of  geology  and  mineralogy. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA.    Museum  of  Paleontology. 

The  paleontological  collections  are  in  charge  of  Professor  J.  C. 
Merriam  and  the  staff  of  the  department  of  paleontology.  The 
museum  includes  the  collections  of  the  geological  survey  of  California, 
and  is  rich  in  types  and  representative  specimens  of  California  fossils, 
in  addition  to  a  large  series  illustrating  the  invertebrate  paleontology 
of  North  America,  and  a  carefully  selected  series  of  crinoids  from  Craw- 
f  ordsville,  Indiana .  The  number  of  in  vertebra  te  fossils  is  estimated  at 
150,000,  with  several  hundred  type  specimens;  of  vertebrate  fossils 
at  15,000,  with  about  100  types;  of  plant  fossils  at  3000,  with  about 
50  types. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA.   Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology. 

STAFF.  Director,  Joseph  Grinnell;  Curators,  Edmund  Heller 
(mammals),  Harry  S.  Swarth  (birds);  Assistant  curator  of  mammals, 
Walter  P.  Taylor;  Preparators,  John  Rowley  (work  done  by  contract) 
and  E.  J.  Fischer  (osteology) ;  i  janitor,  i  stenographer,  and  i  helper. 

ZOOLOGY.  Fishes,  very  few;  Batrachians,  5oo± ;  Reptiles,  iooo±; 
Birds,  22,ooo±,  including  40  types  and  the  private  collections  of 
Messrs.  Grinnell,  Swarth,  and  Morcom,  amounting  to  some  14,000 
specimens;  Mammals,  9000 ±, including  10  types;  Bird  eggs  and  nests, 
500.  Most  of  this  material  is  in  study  collections,  the  space  for  exhibi- 
tion being  limited.  A  number  of  large  groups  is  planned  for  the  near 
future. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  inaugurated  in  1908  as 
a  department  of  the  university,  under  the  patronage  of  Miss  Annie 
M.  Alexander  of  Oakland,  California. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  A  fixed  sum  of  $6000  per  year,  promised  by 
Miss  Alexander  for  a  term  of  years.  In  addition,  Miss  Alexander  has 
expended  several  thousand  dollars  on  exhibition,  on  securing  the  mate- 
rial for  groups,  and  for  the  mounting  of  groups,  which  latter  is  provided 
entirely  outside  of  the  regular  allowance. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1909  at  a  cost  of  $15,000,  of  which  $8000 
was  appropriated  by  the  university,  and  $7000  donated  by  Miss  Alex- 


1 6  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ander.  It  provides  3500  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and 
approximately  5000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  This  building  is 
considered  a  temporary  structure. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  president  of 
the  university  and  to  Miss  Alexander. 

SCOPE.  The  purposes  of  the  museum  are  exploration,  research, 
and  college  teaching. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Papers  from  the  museum  are  published  in  the 
University  of  California  Publications  in  Zoology. 

CLAREMONT: 

POMONA  COLLEGE.     Museum. 

The  museum  was  founded  by  A.  J.  Cook,  and  is  connected  with 
the  department  of  biology.  It  consists  chiefly  of  teaching  collections, 
in  charge  of  C.  F.  Baker,  curator  and  professor  of  zoology.  It  occupies 
a  portion  of  the  second  floor  of  the  Pearsons  Hall  of  Science,  erected 
in  1898.  The  collections  comprise  a  herbarium  of  2oo,ooo±  phanero- 
gams and  io,ooo±  cryptogams,  including  co-types,  para-types,  or 
topo-types  of  nearly  all  the  numerous  new  species  collected  by  the 
curator  in  the  United  States,  Nicaragua,  Colombia,  Cuba,  and  Brazil; 
synoptic  collections  in  geology  and  paleontology  to  illustrate  the  lectures 
given  in  courses  on  these  subjects;  and  extensive  collections  in  zoology, 
including  5ooo±  shells,  250,000  insects  (numerous  types),  io,ooo± 
other  invertebrates,  and  5000  vertebrates.  There  is  a  department 
library  of  over  5000  titles  in  direct  connection  with  the  museum.  The 
collections  are  maintained  from  the  funds  of  the  department,  amount- 
ing to  $2000  or  more  per  annum,  and  are  used  chiefly  for  teaching  pur- 
poses. They  are  augmented  by  the  results  of  exploration  and  research 
by  members  of  the  department.  Publications  based  upon  museum 
material  are  a  portion  of  the  "  Invertebrata  Pacifica"  and  the 
"Pomona  Journal  of  Entomology  Quarterly,"  5  numbers  having  been 
published. 

LOS  ANGELES: 

BOARD   OF   EDUCATION.     Science  and  Art  Museum.     (High 
School.) 

STAFF.    J.  Z.  Gilbert  in  charge. 
ANTHROPOLOGY.    100  Indian  specimens. 
ART.     50  drawings  and  100  working  charts  of  drawings. 
GEOLOGY.    Minerals,  on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  500;  Rocks, 
200;  non-mettalic  ores,  100. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  17 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  400,  in  storage, 
100;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  ioo,in  storage,  1000,  types  and  figured 
specimens,  2 ;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  20,  in  storage,  10. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  600;  Insects,  50;  Other  invertebrates,  250; 
Fishes,  50;  Batrachians,  25;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  400;  Mammals,  20; 
Microscopic  material,  4oc±  specimens. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  begun  in  1907  by  Mr. 
Gilbert,  and  is  designed  to  aid  the  schools  of  the  city  in  illustrating 
class  work. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  a  direct  city  appropriation  of  $200 
annually,  in  addition  to  $200  in  fixtures,  and  by  private  contributions. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  about  1400  square  feet  of 
floor  space  in  the  science  hall  of  the  Los  Angeles  High  School.  A  two- 
story  building  50  x  IO°  feet  in  Agricultural  Park  has  recently  been 
secured  for  the  exhibition  of  part  of  the  museum  material. 

SCOPE.  Public  school  teaching,  supplemented  by  local  explora- 
tion. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public. 

CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE. 

A  part  of  the  collection  of  the  Zoological  Station  of  Avalon,  Santa 
Catalina  Island,  representing  the  archeology  of  the  Channel  Islands 
of  California  is  on  exhibition  here. 

SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES. 

The  academy  has  a  collection  of  local  pleistocene  fossils  and  other 
material  with  which  it  proposes  to  establish  a  museum  in  the  Art 
Building  in  Agricultural  Park,  where  a  floor  space  of  15,000  square 
feet  has  been  set  apart  for  this  purpose. 

THE  SOUTHWEST  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Founder  emeritus,  Chas.  F.  Lummis;  Curator,  Hector 
Alliot. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  most  perfect  collection  extant  of  Southern 
California  archeology;  important  archeological  collections  from 
Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Mexico,  Peru,  and  Bolivia;  all  relics  of  the 
Franciscan  missionaries  and  the  missions  in  Southern  California, 
including  the  mission  records  of  Los  Angeles ;  personal  relics  of  John 
C.  Fremont  and  Jessie  Benton  Fremont,  including  the  flag  which  he 
raised  on  the'  crest  of  the  Rocky  Mountains  in  1842;  the  Lummis 
collections  of  about  5000  items  from  New  Mexico,  Mexico,  Arizona, 
Bolivia,  and  Peru. 


1 8  DIRECTORY    OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

There  is  also  the  most  important  collection  ever  made  of  old 
Spanish  and  Indian  folk-songs  of  the  Southwest,  including  phono- 
graphic records  of  over  200  Indian  songs  in  36  different  languages. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Southwest  Museum  was  founded  by 
the  Southwest  Society  of  the  Archaeological  Institute  of  America  and 
was  incorporated  December  31,  1907. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Chiefly  from  the  Southwest  Society, 
which  has  an  income  of  about  $2500  a  year.  Endowments  in  money 
and  collections  are  now  worth  about  $300,000.  The  Carrie  M. 
Jones  bequest  of  $50,000  is  available  for  a  new  building,  for  which 
a  sixteen-acre  site  has  been  purchased  for  $38,000. 

BUILDING.  The  collections  now  occupy  about  4000  square  feet 
of  floor  space  above  the  public  library  in  the  Hamburger  building. 

SCOPE.  In  addition  to  a  general  museum  special  attention  is 
given  to  the  archeology,  ethnology,  history,  science,  and  art  of  Cali- 
fornia, the  Southwest,  and  Spanish  America. 

LIBRARY.  The  Lummis  library  of  5000  items  of  Spanish  America, 
including  the  rarest  books  and  manuscripts;  and  the  Munk  library 
of  Arizon:ana,  comprising  about  6000  items. 

PUBLICATIONS.  A  series  of  leaflet  bulletins  relating  to  the  work 
of  the  museum  is  issued  by  the  Southwest  Society. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  2  to 
4.  The  average  monthly  attendance  is  about  1000. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA. 

No  information  has  been  received  concerning  the  collections  of 
this  university,  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  include  nearly  3000  fossils, 
3700  minerals,  1000  specimens  of  historic  and  economic  geology,  5000 
plants,  730  ethnological  specimens,  and  22,300  zoological  specimens, 
including  525  birds  and  125  bird  eggs,  350  other  vertebrates,  a  small 
collection  of  insects,  and  19,500  mollusca. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  2  acres,  established  in 
1896,  containing  4  reptiles,  194  birds,  and  38  mammals. 

OAKLAND: 

OAKLAND  PUBLIC  MUSEUM. 

.  STAFF.  Curator,  C.  P.  Wilcomb;  Cataloger,  Mrs.  Alice  G.  Whit- 
beck  ;  i  stenographer,  i  mechanic,  and  2  janitors. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  2000  specimens.  This  is  the  most  active  depart- 
ment of  the  museum  at  present,  and  special  attention  is  given  to  collec- 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  IQ 

tions  representing  the  Indian  tribes  of  the  Pacific  coast.  There  is  also 
a  collection  of  well  selected  material  from  Africa,  India,  China,  Thibet, 
South  Pacific  Islands,  and  the  Philippines. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  500  selected  minerals  and  a  small 
collection  of  fossils. 

HISTORY.  1000  articles  illustrating  the  husbandry,  manufactures, 
arts,  social  customs,  and  home  life  of  the  early  colonies  and  pioneer 
settlers.  This  collection  is  large  and  comprehensive.  Four  large 
rooms  in  the  new  annex  have  been  specially  prepared  to  accommodate 
it,  as  follows:  old-time  kitchen  and  living  room,  with  huge  fireplace; 
bedroom  with  complete  equipment;  weaving  room;  and  large  room  for 
antiquities  in  general.  These  rooms  are  all  low-posted,  with  heavy 
beam  effect  and  small  old-fashioned  windows.  All  designed  after 
colonial  interiors  in  the  East. 

NUMISMATICS.  A  collection  of  coins  and  currency  representing 
almost  every  country  on  the  globe. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  small  collection  of  carefully  selected  butterflies, 
moths,  and  insects;  a  collection  of  shells,  corals,  and  other  marine 
objects;  and  a  bird  collection,  comprising  400  mounted  specimens, 
200  skins,  and  3000  eggs. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum  is  the  Bryant 
ornithological  collection,  which  was  purchased  by  private  subscrip- 
tion and  presented  to  the  city  in  1907.  Subsequently  the  Rabe, 
Daggett,  and  Wilcomb  collections  were  purchased,  and  in  1909  the 
museum  was  formally  placed  under  the  direction  of  the  board  of 
trustees  of  the  Oakland  Free  Library.  The  collections  were  installed 
in  the  Josiah  Stanford  mansion,  on  the  western  shore  of  Lake  Mer- 
ritt,  and  C.  P.  Wilcomb  was  elected  curator. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  its  entire  support 
from  the  city  of  Oakland,  which  has  appropriated  $10,000  for  mainte- 
nance during  the  current  fiscal  year,  with  a  special  appropriation  of 
about  $5000  for  improvements  and  additions  to  the  building.  Oakland 
has  a  population  of  200,000,  an  assessed  tax  value  of  $105,000,000, 
and  a  tax  rate  of  $1.20. 

BUILDING.  Formerly  a  large  residence  belonging  to  the  Stanford 
estate  on  the  western  shore  of  Lake  Merritt.  The  land  was  recently 
purchased  by  the  city  for  park  purposes  and  the  building  has  been 
thoroughly  renovated  and  an  addition  of  seven  rooms  erected.  The 
building  affords  about  4700  square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for 
exhibition  purposes,  and  1000  for  offices,  workrooms,  and  store- 
rooms. 


20  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  board  of  trus- 
tees of  the  Oakland  Free  Library. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  object  of  the  museum  is  the  instruction  of 
the  general  public. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public  daily. 

PIEDMONT  ART  GALLERY. 

This  is  a  private  gallery  owned  by  Mr.  Frank  C.  Havens,  and 
consists  of  about  350  pictures,  principally  modern,  representing 
various  European  and  American  schools.  It  consists  of  three  buildings, 
each  1 20  feet  long,  divided  into  nine  rooms  of  various  sizes.  The 
gallery  is  in  charge  of  Richard  L.  Partington,  curator,  and  is  open  to 
the  public  from  10  to  4  at  a  nominal  fee  of  10  cents.  Its  object  is  ex- 
clusively educational. 

PACIFIC  GROVE: 

PACIFIC    GROVE   MUSEUM    ASSOCIATION. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Laura  Duncan;  Botanist,  M.  E.  B.  Norton; 
Librarian,  Jeanette  Murray. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  924  cryptogams,  including  500  North 
American  and  foreign  ferns,  and  424  algae  of  Monterey  Bay;  2478 
phanerogams,  of  which  478  local  and  Californian  specimens  are 
exhibited,  while  500  local,  and  1500  eastern,  foreign,  and  Philippine 
forms  are  in  storage.  A  small  forestry  collection  includes  50  cones 
and  a  large  number  of  seeds. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  About  200  minerals,  and  20  in- 
vertebrate fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  235  local  species  and  385  Philip- 
pine specimens,  in  storage,  3000± ;  Insects,  2oo± ;  Other  invertebrates, 
100  (local) ;  Fishes,  54  mounted  and  26  in  alcohol;  Reptiles,  15  mounted 
and  20  in  alcohol;  Birds,  62  mounted  and  447  skins;  Mammals,  45; 
Bird  eggs,  600. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  in  1883  by  the 
Chautauqua  Assembly  in  connection  with  class  work  in  zoology.  The 
Pacific  Grove  Museum  Association  was  organized  in  1899,  and  incorpo- 
rated in  1900  with  35  charter  members.  At  this  time  a  collection  of 
i  ico  specimens  was  purchased,  partly  representing  the  life  of  Monterey 
Bay;  later  were  purchased  a  collection  of  East  Indian  birds  and  one  of 
local  bird  eggs.  All  other  collections  have  been  added  by  donation. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  had  the  following  sources  of 
income  in  1909:  from  memberships,  $436;  from  donations,  $31;  from 
proceeds  of  entertainments  and  festivals,  $196. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  21 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  a  building  presented  to  the 
association,  and  adapted  for  its  use  in  1901  at  a  cost  of  $500.  About 
836  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  available  for  exhibition,  and  447  for 
offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  the  president  and  board  of  directors  of 
the  association. 

SCOPE.  The  objects  of  the  association  are  to  maintain  a  museum 
for  the  preservation  of  local  fauna  and  flora;  to  develop  a  garden  of 
native  flora;  to  conduct  classes  and  lectures;  to  provide  a  scientific 
library;  to  hold  periodical  exhibitions;  and  to  encourage  the  study  and 
preservation  of  the  fauna  and  flora  of  Monterey  County. 

LIBRARY.  330  volumes  and  1 200  pamphlets,  on  subjects  pertain- 
ing to  natural  history,  are  available  for  the  use  of  members  of  the 
association  and  students. 

PUBLICATIONS.    A  souvenir  of  the  tenth  anniversary  (1910). 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  (except  Mondays 
and  holidays)  from  2  to  5.  The  attendance  for  1909  was  1224  adults 
and  484  children. 

PALO  ALTO: 

LELAND  STANFORD  JUNIOR  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Curator,  H.  C.  Peterson;  Assistant  curators,  E.  G. 
McCann  and  A.  H.  S.  Chuck  (Chinese  and  Japanese  department), 
W.  W.  Adams  (art),  A.  F.  Meston  (Egyptology);  Assistants,  C. 
Williams,  O.  Utzinger,  B.  Kawakama. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples :  Archeology,  native,  350, 
foreign,  8126;  Ethnology,  native,  2985,  foreign,  3110.  Civilized 
peoples,  ancient,  3630,  modern,  3250.  Among  special  collections  may 
be  mentioned  the  following:  Danish  stone  and  bronze,  12 50; Ohio  and 
Middle  states,  1000;  Klamath  Indians  (Dagget  collection);  Indian 
baskets;  early  Spanish  and  Mission.  At  present  the  curator  is  devot- 
ing special  attention  to  local  mound  material. 

ART.  Sculpture,  169;  Prints  and  engravings,  1260;  Oil  paintings, 
685;  Water  colors,  325;  Ceramics,  1650;  Textiles,  1635.  The  Anna 
Lathrop  Hewes  collection  of  paintings,  statuary,  mozaic,  etc.,  and  a 
collection  of  pictures  in  oil  presented  by  the  Hon.  Thomas  Welton 
Stanford,  of  Australia,  are  noteworthy.  The  collection  of  ceramics  is 
rich  in  Sevres,  Bohemian,  Venetian,  French,  Oriental,  Dresden,  Royal 
Berlin,  Persian,  Pompadour  crystal,  and  many  other  wares.  The 
textiles  are'rich  in  laces,  Japanese  embroideries,  Turkish,  Roumanian, 
and  Chinese  collections,  and  fine  chronological  series  of  mummy 


22  DIRECTORY    OF   AMERICAN    MUSEUMS 

cloth.  Included  with  the  prints  and  engravings  are  many  exceedingly 
rare  books  and  maps. 

The  famous  Ikeda  collection  of  Chinese  and  Japanese  ceramics, 
kakimonos,  bronzes,  ivories,  jades,  lacquers,  etc.,  was  purchased  in 
1902  at  a  cost  of  $100,000.  Another  collection  of  great  value  is  the 
Di  Cesnola  collection  of  5000  pieces  of  Greek  and  Roman  pottery  and 
glass  from  the  island  of  Cyprus.  Next  to  that  of  the  Metropolitan 
Museum  of  New  York  this  is  the  largest  collection  in  the  world. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  No  regular  department  is  maintained 
but  the  museum  has  the  first  locomotive  used  on  the  Southern  Pacific 
Railroad  called  the  "Governor  Stanford,"  also  a  few  model  sailing 
vessels,  cars,  etc.,  valued  chiefly  for  historical  associations. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  1500;  Rocks,  100;  Relief  maps,  models, 
etc.,  2.  This  collection  is  rich  in  minerals  of  the  Ural  Mountains 
and  in  local  quartz,  cinnabar,  iron,  etc.,  but  is  being  transferred  to  the 
mining  department  of  the  university. 

HISTORY.  Rich  in  Central  Pacific  Railroad  and  U.  S.  Grant 
material,  the  latter  being  second  in  value  to  that  of  the  Smithsonian 
Institution. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  2500;  Birds,  600;  Mammals,  15.  This  depart- 
ment, as  well  as  that  of  geology,  is  discontinued  for  the  present,  the 
material  being  transferred  to  the  university. 

Extensive  collections  of  Stanford  historical  material,  showing  the 
history  of  the  Stanford  and  Lathrop  families  and  the  growth  of  Stan- 
ford University  as  shown  by  photographs,  plans,  paintings,  prints, 
publications,  etc.,  since  1884.  Also  photographs,  etc.,  showing  the 
Stanford  stock  farm  when  it  was  the  largest  thoroughbred  stock 
farm  in  the  world. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum  is  a  collection 
made  by  Leland  Stanford,  Jr.,  in  1880  during  a  trip  through  Great 
Britain  and  central  and  southern  Europe.  Upon  his  return  to  Califor- 
nia in  1882  he  began  to  arrange  and  catalog  the  material  accumulated. 
This  collection  is  now  exhibited  in  one  of  the  rooms  of  the  museum. 
In  1883  he  accompanied  his  parents  on  a  second  visit  to  Europe  and 
pursued  his  archeological  researches  and  acquisitions  with  more  fervor 
than  ever.  The  material  collected  at  this  time  is  now  exhibited  in  an 
adjoining  room  and  shows  how  his  tastes  had  matured.  It  was  the 
intention  of  Leland  Stanford,  Jr.,  to  add  continually  to  this  museum, 
and  especially  to  begin  a  collection  of  Chinese  and  Japanese  curios 
and  one  of  American  mound  builders.  His  intentions  are  now  being 
carried  out  by  the  museum. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  23 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  appropriations  from  the  board  of  trustees 
of  the  university.  There  is,  however,  no  regular  appropriation  and  no 
fund  of  any  kind  for  the  acquirement  of  new  material.  About  $2500 
is  derived  annually  from  admission  fees. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1891-1906  by  Mrs.  J.  L.  Stanford  at  a 
cost  of  $1,200,000.  It  provides  200,000  square  feet  of  floor  space 
available  for  exhibition,  and  90,000  available  for  offices,  workrooms, 
etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  first  to  the  chairman 
of  the  museum  committee,  second,  to  the  president  of  the  board  of 
trustees,  third,  to  the  board  of  trustees.  The  museum  is  not  under  the 
departments  of  instruction  of  the  university. 

SCOPE.  Maintained  primarily  for  the  instruction  of  the  general 
public. 

LIBRARY.  The  museum  has  access  to  the  university  library  but 
has  practically  no  library  of  its  own.  Nearly  all  of  the  books  used 
at  the  museum  are  the  personal  property  of  the  curator. 

PUBLICATIONS.  A  number  of  small  handbooks  describing  the 
collections  has  been  issued  in  the  past.  The  annual  report  to  the 
trustees  is  not  printed  for  distribution. 

ATTENDANCE.  Admission  fee,  25  cents  to  all  except  members  of 
the  faculty  of  Stanford  University.  University  students  are  admitted 
free  on  Saturdays.  Up  to  1906  the  average  paid  admissions  were  1 2,000 
a  year,  with  an  additional  free  list  of  20,000. 

LELAND   STANFORD   JUNIOR   UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  teaching  collections  in  connection  with 
the  departments  of  instruction  as  follows: 

BOTANY.  Herbaria,  consisting  largely  of  plants  collected  in  western 
America  and  including  considerable  donations  from  the  National 
Herbarium,  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  J.  W.  Congdon  of 
Mariposa,  and  others.  The  private  collections  of  flowering  plants 
and  fungi  belonging  to  the  head  of  the  department  are  also  avail- 
able. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  In  addition  to  its  general  teach- 
ing collections,  this  department  is  to  receive  the  geological  collections 
of  the  Leland  Stanford  Junior  Museum. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  very  full  representation  of  the  fishes  of  North 
America ;  a  valuable  series  of  deep-water  fishes  of  the  Pacific ;  large  col- 
lections of  fishes  from  the  West  Indies,  Hawaiian  Islands,  Bering 
Sen,  Japan,  the  coasts  of  Mexico  and  Central  America,  and  the 


24  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Galapagos  Islands;  a  large  representation  of  the  reptiles,  batrachians, 
birds,  and  mammals,  of  California  and  adjoining  states;  and  collec- 
tions of  marine  invertebrates,  rich  in  Pacific  echinoderms  and  crusta- 
cea.  There  are  also  entomological  collections  containing  authorita- 
tively determined  specimens  in  all  of  the  insect  orders;  many  sets  of 
specimens  illustrating  development  and  habits  of  insects;  the  most 
important  existing  collection  of  North  American  Mallophaga,  com- 
prising the  types  of  four-fifths  of  all  species  so  far  described  from 
North  America  and  the  Pacific  Islands;  an  unusually  large  collec- 
tion of  Coccidae;  and  a  valuable  series  of  specimens  from  the  Gala- 
pagos Islands. 

PASADENA: 

THROOP  POLYTECHNIC  INSTITUTE. 

The  institute  has  an  excellent  collection  of  minerals  and  collections 
of  insects,  birds,  and  mammals,  in  addition  to  alcoholic  material. 
The  only  officer  of  the  museum  yet  appointed  is  Charles  F.  Holder, 
honorary  curator.  The  institute  is  about  to  move  into  a  new  building 
in  which  increased  facilities  will  be  provided  for  the  museum. 

SACRAMENTO: 

CALIFORNIA  MUSEUM  ASSOCIATION. 

STAFF.    Curator,  W.  F.  Jackson;  2  minor  employees. 

ART.  E.  B.  Crocker  Art  Gallery.  Sculpture,  7;  Paintings,  701, 
including  119  miniatures. 

HISTORY.  A  miscellaneous  collection  of  2ooo±  unca  taloged  curios, 
relics,  etc. 

MINERALS.  2879  specimens,  collected  for  the  most  part  by  Dr. 
H.  W.  Harkness,  and  purchased  by  the  state. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Crocker  Art  Gallery  was  erected  in 
1870-73,  at  a  cost  of  $235,000,  by  Judge  E.  B.  and  Mrs.  Margaret  E. 
Crocker  and  filled  with  their  private  art  collections  accumulated  during 
travels  in  Europe,  especially  during  the  Franco-Prussian  war.  In 
1884  the  California  Museum  Association  was  formed  to  gather  a 
museum  of  art  and  science  and  to  study  matters  relating  to  the  re- 
sources of  California.  To  aid  in  securing  a  hall  for  its  purposes,  it 
gave  an  art  loan  exhibition  in  the  Art  Gallery  by  the  kindness  of  Mrs. 
Margaret  E.  Crocker,  widow  of  Judge  Crocker.  During  the  exhibition 
Mrs.  Crocker  donated  to  the  association  the  building  and  its  contents, 
but  later  changed  the  gift  so  that  the  title  is  held  by  the  city  of  Sacra- 
mento, with  the  California  Museum  Association  as  co-tenant  and 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF  NATURAL   SCIENCES  25 

administrator.  The  mineral  collection  is  the  property  of  the  State 
of  California. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Annual  appropriations  by  the  city,  that 
for  1910  being  $3000,  exclusive  of  repairs. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  joint  board 
consisting  of  the  mayor  of  the  city  and  the  directors  of  the  California 
Museum  Association. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Catalogs  of  paintings  and  of  minerals  in  the 
collections. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  public  every  day  in  the  week.  Num- 
ber of  visitors  in  1909,  13,387. 

SAN  FRANCISCO: 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES.     Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  Leverett  Mills  Loomis ;  Curators,  Edwin  Cooper 
Van  Dyke  (entomology),  Leverett  Mills  Loomis  (ornithology),  John 
Van  Denburgh  (herpetology),  Frank  M.  Anderson  (invertebrate 
paleontology),  John  Rowley  (mammalogy),  A.  L.  Kroeber  (anthro- 
pology), Alice  Eastwood  (botany);  Assistant  curators,  Edward 
Winslow  Gifford  (ornithology),  Joseph  C.  Thompson  (herpetology), 
Washington  H.  Ochsner  (invertebrate  paleontology) ;  Assistants 
Charles  Fuchs  (entomology),  Rollo  H.  Beck  (ornithology),  Joseph 
R.  Slevin  and  John  I.  Carlson  (herpetology). 

COLLECTIONS.  With  the  exception  of  a  few  type  specimens,  the 
collections  of  the  academy,  including  the  library,  were  destroyed  in  the 
conflagration  of  April,  1906.  Fortunately,  at  the  time  of  the  fire,  the 
academy  had  an  expedition  at  the  Galapagos  Islands,  in  its  schooner 
' '  Academy. ' '  This  expedition  returned  to  San  Francisco  on  November 
29,  1906,  after  an  absence  of  seventeen  months,  bringing  large  collec- 
tions of  plants,  fossil  and  recent  shells,  insects,  reptiles,  birds,  and 
mammals,  which  formed  the  nucleus  of  a  new  museum.  These  collec- 
tions have  been  extensively  added  to  by  the  academy's  collectors 
on  the  Pacific  coast  and  in  the  Orient. 

The  research  collections  of  the  academy  now  contain  over  70,000 
fossil  and  recent  shells;  large  series  of  insects  from  the  Galapagos 
Islands,  the  Aleutian  Islands,  and  the  Orient;  over  12,000  reptiles, 
chiefly  from  the  Galapagos  Islands,  China,  Japan,  Formosa,  and  the 
Philippine  Islands;  17,000  birds,  over  half  of  which  are  water  birds, 
including  more  than  1800  specimens  of  albatrosses  and  petrels. 

For  an  exhibition  collection,  elaborate  habitat  groups  of  the 
larger  mammals  of  the  Pacific  coast  are  being  prepared  by  Mr.  John 
Rowley. 


26  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BUILDING.  The  academy  has  built  a  ten-story  class  "A"  income 
building  on  the  site  of  the  old  museum  building  on  Market  Street,  and 
plans  have  been  drawn  for  a  museum  building,  which  it  is  proposed  to 
erect  in  Golden  Gate  Park.  Work  on  the  new  museum  building  will 
be  delayed  until  the  beginning  of  next  year,  pending  an  amendment 
to  the  charter  of  San  Francisco. 

LIBRARY.    14,000  volumes  on  natural  history. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Memoirs.  (2)  Proceedings.  (3)  Occasional 
Papers.  The  reports  of  the  Galapagos  Expedition  and  a  history  of 
the  academy  will  be  the  chief  publications  issued  during  the  next  few 
years. 

CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUREAU.     Museum. 

The  museum  contains  over  20,000  minerals  and  rocks  obtained 
solely  by  donation  and  exchange.  The  collection  of  ores  from  Cali- 
fornia mines  is  very  extensive  and  is  supplemented  by  characteristic 
ores  from  the  principal  mining  districts  of  the  world.  There  are  also 
many  models,  maps,  photographs,  and  diagrams  illustrating  the 
modern  practice  of  mining,  milling  and  concentrating,  and  the  tech- 
nology of  the  mineral  industries.  An  educational  series  of  minerals 
for  high  schools  has  been  recently  inaugurated.  The  museum  occupies 
about  7500  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition  and  is  in  charge  of 
Percy  K.  Swan,  curator.  It  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days 
from  9  to  5,  except  Saturdays,  when  it  closes  at  12.  The  number  of 
visitors  is  over  120,000  annually. 

MEMORIAL  MUSEUM.     (Golden  Gate  Park.) 

This  museum  was  first  opened  to  the  public  on  March  23,  1895. 
The  exhibits  represent  a  value  of  at  least  $1,000,000  and  include 
paintings,  tapestries,  antique  furniture,  arms  and  armor,  art  metals, 
the  Bardwell  collection  of  700  Japanese  wood  and  ivory  carvings,  and 
extensive  collections  in  ethnology,  mineralogy,  forestry  and  produce, 
agriculture,  and  natural  history.  The  museum  maintains  a  reference 
library,  and  has  in  preparation  a  museum  guide  and  catalog.  The 
collections  are  in  charge  of  Albert  E.  Gray,  curator.  Recent  and 
detailed  information  has  not  been  available  since  the  fire  of  1906. 

The  museum  has  an  annual  attendance  of  over  500,000  visitors. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  INSTITUTE  OF  ART. 

STAFF.  Director,  Robert  Howe  Fletcher;  Assistant  secretary, 
John  Ross  Martin;  2  janitors. 

ART.  Sculpture,  8;  Prints  and  engravings,  94;  Oil  paintings,  50; 
Water  colors,  3.  These  are  the  only  portions  of  the  Mark  Hopkins 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  27 

Institute  of  Art  which  escaped  the  earthquake  and  fire  of  1906.  The 
valuable  Emanuel  Walter  collection  has  recently  been  received  by 
bequest. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  property  situated  on  California  and 
Mason  streets,  formerly  the  residence  of  Mark  Hopkins,  was  deeded 
to  the  board  of  regents  of  the  University  of  California  in  1893,  by  Mr. 
Edward  F.  Searles,  for  the  purposes  of  "illustration  of  and  instruction 
in  the  Fine  Arts,"  under  the  title  of  the  Mark  Hopkins  Institute  of 
Art,  with  the  agreement  that  the  San  Francisco  Art  Association  be 
affiliated  with  the  university  and  placed  in  charge  of  the  premises  and 
management  of  the  institute.  For  thirteen  years  this  organization 
carried  on  the  work  of  the  institute,  including  frequent  exhibitions  and 
lectures,  the  maintenance  of  a  library  and  reading  room,  and  the  pub- 
lication of  an  illustrated  magazine.  The  San  Francisco  Art  Associa- 
tion had  been  founded  in  1872,  for  the  purpose  of  fostering  a  taste  for 
art  in  the  community,  and  had  already  conducted  exhibitions  and  main- 
tained a  school  in  its  own  rooms  for  twenty  years.  The  earthquake 
and  fire  of  1906  destroyed  the  institute,  with  the  exception  of  the 
collections  noted  above.  After  the  earthquake  Mr.  Searles  trans- 
ferred to  the  San  Francisco  Art  Association  what  remained  of  the 
property  of  the  Mark  Hopkins  Art  Institute,  including  the  insurance 
on  the  buildings,  to  be  used  for  the  maintenance  of  a  new  art  insti- 
tute known  as  the  San  Francisco  Institute  of  Art.  The  association 
retains  its  affiliation  with  the  University  of  California. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  San  Francisco  Art  Association,  which 
conducts  the  Art  Institute,  derives  its  income  from  memberships, 
school  tuition  fees,  and  admission  fees.  Although  affiliated  with  the 
University  of  California  the  association  receives  no  financial  aid  from 
the  university  or  the  state,  with  the  exception  that  it  pays  no  taxes. 

BUILDING.  A  temporary  building  was  erected  in  1907  at  a  cost 
of  $35,000  derived  from  the  funds  of  the  association.  It  provides  4500 
square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  and  9500  available 
for  offices,  workrooms,  and  for  the  School  of  Design. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  direc- 
tors. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  illustrates  the  fine  arts,  principally  by  exam- 
ples of  paintings  and  drawings  in  all  mediums,  and  by  sculpture. 
The  paintings  and  drawings  are  by  artists  of  repute  of  all  nationalities, 
principally  of  the  last  century. 

LIBRARY.  The  former  library  was  totally  destroyed.  At  present 
there  are  392  volumes  relating  to  art.  The  library  is  intended  for  the 
use  of  both  staff  and  public.. 


28  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

PUBLICATION.   Art  bulletins  are  issued  at  irregular  intervals. 

ATTENDANCE.  Three  days  each  week  are  free  to  the  public.  On 
other  days  an  admission  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged,  except  to  members. 
All  records  of  attendance  were  destroyed  in  1906. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA.     Anthropological  Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  F.  W.  Putnam;  Curator  and  secretary,  A.  L. 
Kroeber;  Museum  assistant,  Nels  C.  Nelson;  Assistant  secretary, 
Ethel  G.  Field;  Preparators,  A.  Warburton  and  A.  Poyser. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology  and  ethnology,  of  California,  14,717 ; 
of  North  America,  11,244;  of  South  America,  10,715;  of  Eastern  Hemis- 
phere and  Pacific,  2182.  Ancient  and  modern  civilized  peoples,  5360; 
Physical  anthropology,  2171;  Phonograph  records,  1523.  These 
figures  are  catalog  entries,  many  of  which  represent  several  specimens. 
There  is  in  addition  a  large  Egyptian  collection. 

ART.  A  number  of  modern  paintings;  a  series  of  ancient  Greek 
and  Roman  pieces  of  statuary;  also  plaster  casts  of  same;  vases,  etc. 
All  objects  having  anthropological  as  well  as  artistic  relations  are 
included  in  the  statistics  given  under  anthropology.  The  ancient 
marbles  number  100;  Greek  vases,  180;  modern  paintings,  105. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  had  its  origin  in  archeological 
expeditions  on  behalf  of  the  University  of  California,  instituted  and 
supported  by  Mrs.  Phoebe  A.  Hearst  since  1899.  The  museum  was 
organized  in  1901  and  moved  to  the  present  building  in  1903. 

BUILDING.  Erected  for  college  use  in  1898  at  a  cost  of  about 
$60,000,  defrayed  by  the  State  of  California.  It  is  temporarily 
occupied  by  the  museum  and  affords  11,000  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  4000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  the  staff  of  the  department  of  anthropology, 
responsible  to  the  regents  of  the  university. 

SCOPE.  Equal  stress  is  laid  on  exploration,  research,  college 
teaching,  and  publication.  A  special  synoptic  anthropological  collec- 
tion for  purposes  of  instruction,  and  a  collection  of  casts  illustrative 
of  Greek  and  Roman  art  and  architecture,  both  forming  part  of  the 
organization  of  the  museum,  are  displayed  in  a  separate  building 
on  the  university  grounds  at  Berkeley. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Egyptian  archeology,  2  volumes  issued,  5 
in  preparation;  (2)  Graeco-Roman  archeology,  2  volumes  issued,  i 
in  preparation;  (3)  American  archeology  and  ethnology,  7  volumes 
issued,  3  in  preparation. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  one  afternoon  a  week  to  the  public  in  parties 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  2Q 

limited  to  20  at  one  time  and  under  supervision;  to  members  of  the 
university  and  to  scholars  daily  except  Sundays  and  holidays. 

SANTA  CLARA: 

ZOOLOGICAL   PARK. 

The  city  and  county  jointly  maintain  a  zoological  park  of  60 
acres,  established  in  1891,  containing  7  reptiles,  242  birds,  and  134 
mammals. 

SANTA  CLARA  COLLEGE. 

The  college  possesses  teaching  collections  which  include  a  paleon- 
tological  museum,  housed  in  the  Literary  Congress  building,  and  a 
mineralogical  cabinet.  The  paleontological  museum  consists  of  the 
Ward  collection  of  casts,  representing  529  species,  and  as  many  more 
original  invertebrate  and  plant  fossils.  The  collection  of  minerals 
includes  5  sets  of  crystal  models,  and  about  4000  specimens  of  rocks, 
metals,  ores,  gums  and  resins,  and  the  haloid  minerals.  There  is  also  a 
complete  set  of  corals,  2  relief  maps,  and  a  collection  of  charts, 
diagrams,  etc. 

COLORADO 

BOULDER: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  COLORADO.     Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  Junius  Henderson;  Student  assistants. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    Ethnology,  5oo±. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  30oo±  sheets;  Phanerogams,  io,ooo± 
sheets;  Wood  specimens,  50;  Economic  products,  50  jars;  Fruits,  25; 
Seeds,  75  bottles;  Riker  mounts,  50;  Unmounted  specimens  for  ex- 
change, 3000. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  12,350,  in  storage,  2  tons; 
Rocks,  15,000;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  100.  These  collections  con- 
tain a  set  of  600  specimens  of  characteristic  ores  of  Colorado,  particu- 
larly rich  in  tellurids,  the  Guggenheim  systematic  collection  of  min- 
erals, and  the  G.  H.  Stone  collection  of  140  specimens  of  typical  rocks 
of  the  Cripple  Creek  region. 

LANTERN  SLIDES,  ETC.  There  is  a  large  collection  of  biological, 
geological,  and  scenic  slides  and  negatives,  with  many  prints  therefrom 
arranged  in  swinging  cabinets. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  3ooo±,  in  storage, 
3o,ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  60;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
50,  figured  specimens,  3;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  2500^ 


30  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

types  and  figured  specimens,  49.  Among  the  plant  and  invertebrate 
material  not  yet  worked  up,  there  are  undoubtedly  many  new  species. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  407,  in  storage,  i5,ooo±,  types 
and  figured  specimens,  2;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  50  Riker  mounts  and 
2  display  cases,  in  storage,  2ooc±;  Other  invertebrates,  50;  Fishes, 
on  exhibition,  250,  in  storage,  2ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens, 
i;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  10,  in  storage,  50;  Reptiles,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 5,  in  storage,  50;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  245,  in  storage,  4oo±; 
Mammals,  on  exhibition,  47,  in  storage,  150;  Bird  nests,  on  exhibition, 
53,  in  storage,  55;  Bird  eggs,  on  exhibition,  140,  in  storage,  667. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  This  museum  originated  in  1902,  with  the 
appointment  of  the  present  curator  and  the  provision  of  display  cases 
for  material  belonging  to  the  biological  departments,  hitherto  stored. 
In  1909,  the  curator  was  for  the  first  time  regularly  employed  to  give 
his  whole  time  to  the  work,  with  the  rank  and  pay  of  a  full  professor. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  A  yearly  appropriation,  optional  with  the 
regents  of  the  university. 

BUILDING.  At  present  the  collections  are  housed  in  the  Hale 
Scientific  Building,  but  a  museum  building  is  soon  to  be  erected. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator  who  is  responsible  to  the  board  of 
regents  of  the  university. 

SCOPE.  The  collections  are  used  chiefly  for  teaching  purposes. 
Much  stress  is  laid  on  exploration  and  research  by  the  curator  and  heads 
of  the  scientific  departments,  the  most  notable  work  having  been  done 
upon  the  tertiary  fauna  and  flora  of  Florissant,  the  cretaceous  faunas 
of  northern  Colorado,  and  the  botany  of  Colorado. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Papers  based  upon  museum  material  have  been 
published  in  technical  magazines,  proceedings  of  learned  societies 
and  the  University  of  Colorado  Studies. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  during  the  academic 
year  from  8  to  5,  and  on  application  at  the  office  during  vacations. 

COLORADO  SPRINGS: 
COLORADO  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  in  Palmer  Hall  the  following  collections, 
in  charge  of  Edward  R.  Warren,  director,  open  to  the  public  on  week- 
days from  2  to  5. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  The  anthropological  department  contains  a  large 
amount  of  pottery  from  Missouri,  New  Mexico,  and  Peru,  the  Bixby- 
Lang  and  Deane  collections  from  the  cliff  dwellings,  and  a  collection 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  31 

of  Egyptian  antiquities  received  from  the  Egyptian  Exploration 
Society,  of  which  the  college  is  a  member. 

MINERALOGY.  The  collection  in  mineralogy  includes  1450  speci- 
mens of  common,  commercial,  and  rare  minerals. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  The  foundation  for  the  collection  in  vertebrate 
paleontology  was  laid  by  the  purchase  of  the  collections  of  Professor 
Cragin,  consisting  of  about  8000  specimens,  containing  the  types  of 
many  new  species  and  some  new  genera  of  fossils.  Among  the  types 
the  most  important  is  the  large  plesiosaurian  reptile  Trinacromerum, 
described  from  the  cretaceous  of  Kansas  in  1888.  The  collections 
include  also  an  extensive  series  of  casts  of  fossil  vertebrates,  including 
a  megatherium  and  a  restoration  of  the  mammoth.  Invertebrate 
paleontology  is  represented  by  specimens  illustrating  the  geological 
record  and  by  a  series  of  casts  of  noted  specimens.  Paleobotany  is 
represented  by  2  cases  of  carboniferous,  cretaceous  and  oligocene  plant 
remains. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  collections  in  invertebrate  zoology  comprise  repre- 
sentatives of  the  different  groups,  including  a  large  series  of  the  butter- 
flies and  moths  of  Colorado,  mounted  in  Denton  tablets,  and  a  repre- 
sentative series  of  the  Myxomycetes  of  Colorado.  The  vertebrate 
collections  comprise  the  W.  S.  Stratton  collection,  containing  29  species 
of  fishes,  23  species  of  reptiles,  442  species  of  birds,  and  170  mammals; 
the  Aiken  collection  of  Colorado  and  other  birds,  presented  by  Gen. 
Wm.  J.  Palmer;  and  the  Warren  collection  of  50  Colorado  mammals. 

DENVER: 

COLORADO  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.      (City  Park.) 

STAFF.  Director,  J.  D.  Figgins;  Curators,  Victor  H.  Borcherdt 
(mammals),  L.  J.  Hersey  (ornithology),  E.  J.  Osier  (entomology), 
W.  S.  Ward,  (geology  and  art);  Taxidermist-in-chief,  Victor  H. 
Borcherdt;  Assistants  in  taxidermy,  cabinet  makers,  watchmen, 
firemen,  etc. 

ART.  Prints  and  engravings,  52;  Oil  paintings,  74;  Water  colors, 
3 ;  Ceramics,  250.  There  are  also  extensive  loan  collections  of  Japanese 
and  Chinese  art. 

BOTANY.  A  beginning  has  been  made  in  botanical  collection  but 
no  material  is  as  yet  on  exhibition. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY,  i  miniature  gold  mine;  i  case  of 
steel  products,  1200  pieces;  i  case  of  miner's  tools,  13  pieces;  i  case  of 
marbles,  125  pieces;  i  case  of  carborundum  products,  400  pieces;  i 
case  of  graphite  and  elaterite;  i  case  of  petroleum  products,  crude  and 


32  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

finished,  175  pieces;  3  cases  of  varieties  of  coal,  400  pieces;  i  case  of 
wicker  baskets,  100  pieces;  i  case  of  Philippine  hats  and  head-gear,  75 
pieces;  i  case  of  necklaces,  pottery,  and  baskets  from  South  America. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  6300,  in  storage,  5000.  The 
collection  contains  unique  specimens  of  gold  leaf  and  wire  of  consider- 
able intrinsic  value. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  400;  Insects  (lepidoptera),  on  exhibition, 
5000,  in  storage,  50,000,  including  250  co-types  of  lepidoptera  and  250 
co-types  of  coleoptera;  Birds,  mounted  single  specimens,  145,  groups, 
22;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  64,  in  storage,  53.  6  large  groups  of 
mammals  are  mounted  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Founded  in  1902,  with  the  purchase  of  the 
collection  of  O.  E.  Carter,  for  which  the  sum  of  $10,000  was  paid. 
At  the  same  time,  $15,000  was  subscribed  by  enthusiastic  citizens 
for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  building  to  house  the  collections. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  optional  appropriation  from  the  city  of 
$20,000  per  annum,  supplemented  by  private  contributions. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1906,  at  a  cost  of  $107,000,  paid  for  by 
public  funds  and  private  subscription.  The  building  affords  about 
23,289  square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  and  about 
5000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  of  25  trustees,  of  which  the  mayor 
is  a  member  ex-officio,  acting  through  an  executive  committee. 

SCOPE.  The  purpose  of  the  museum  is  instruction  of  the  public 
by  exhibition  primarily  of  the  natural  history  of  Colorado,  and  second- 
arily of  art  and  industry. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  10  to  5  (except 
Sunday  forenoon) .  The  total  attendance  averages  1 2,000  per  month. 

COLORADO  SCIENTIFIC  SOCIETY.     (1510  Court  Place.) 

This  society  maintains  a  small  museum  in  its  rooms,  under  the 
care  of  Rebecca  M.  Riddle,  assistant  secretary.  The  collections  in- 
clude about  2000  minerals  and  1000  rocks,  chiefly  Colorado  material; 
a  good  collection  of  meteorites;  a  unique  collection  of  arsenic  ores  from 
Arizona;  and  about  700  fossils.  A  library  of  5000  volumes  and  10,000 
pamphlets,  dealing  chiefly  with  geology,  metallurgy,  engineering,  etc., 
is  also  open  to  the  public. 

DENVER  ARTISTS  CLUB.     (Public  Library.) 

This  society  has  an  exhibition  hall  on  the  top  floor  of  the  public 
library  building,  where  it  holds  about  six  exhibitions  of  loan  pictures 
annually,  and  hopes  ultimately  to  maintain  a  permanent  exhibition. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  33 

EAST  SIDE  HIGH  SCHOOL. 

This  school  maintains  an  educational  museum  in  charge  of  G. 
L.  Cannon  and  Ellsworth  Bethel,  instructors  in  biology.  The  collec- 
tions comprise  about  10,000  specimens,  chiefly  Colorado  material, 
including  rocks,  minerals,  fossils,  plants,  birds,  marine  invertebrates, 
and  archeological  material.  This  collection  is  located  on  the  upper 
floor  of  the  school  building  and  is  open  to  the  public  during  school 
hours. 

STATE  BOARD  OF  HORTICULTURE. 

This  board  maintains  a  small  museum  in  its  rooms  in  the  base- 
ment of  the  capitol  building,  in  charge  of  Mrs.  Martha  Shute,  assis- 
tant secretary.  The  collections  include  agricultural  and  horticultural 
products  of  Colorado;  exhibits  of  injurious  insects;  and  native  flower- 
ing plants. 

STATE  BUREAU  OF  MINES. 

The  bureau  maintains  in  the  capitol  a  collection  of  the  minerals 
and  ores  of  the  state,  arranged  by  counties ;  a  general  series  of  economic 
minerals  and  mineral  products;  the  Ellsner  collection  of  minerals  from 
all  parts  of  the  world. 

STATE  HISTORICAL  AND  NATURAL  HISTORY  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  extensive  collections  in  ethnology,  zoology, 
paleontology,  and  botany,  as  well  as  many  objects  identified  with  the 
pioneer  period  in  the  history  of  the  state. 

The  department  of  ethnology  includes  over  4000  articles  from  the 
cliff  dwellings.  The  collections  in  ornithology  include  nearly  500 
mounts  and  about  2100  skins  of  Colorado  birds.  In  other  branches  of 
zoology  there  is  a  good  representation  of  Colorado  mammals,  together 
with  some  8000  local  insects  and  about  7500  marine  and  fresh- water 
invertebrates.  In  paleontology  there  is  a  large  collection  of  fossils 
from  the  Florissant  beds.  The  herbarium  comprises  the  Ellsworth 
Bethel  botanical  collection  of  20,000  specimens,  rich  in  cryptogamic 
material,  especially  fungi. 

The  museum  is  housed  in  the  rooms  of  the  society  in  the  state 
capitol,  and  was  opened  to  the  public  in  1906.  It  is  supported  by  funds 
appropriated  by  the  General  Assembly,  and  is  administered  for  the 
benefit  of  the  general  public  under  the  charge  of  Jerome  C.  Smiley, 
curator,  and  Horace  G.  Smith,  assistant. 

The  society  maintains  a  library  of  about  30,000  books,  pam- 
phlets, files  of  newspapers,  etc.,  including  the  Edward  B.  Morgan  collec- 
tion of  Colorado  material. 


34  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

WAR  RELIC  DEPARTMENT. 

This  department  maintains  a  museum,  in  charge  of  W.  W.  Fer- 
guson, custodian.  The  collections  include  over  3000  articles  of  histori- 
cal interest,  housed  at  present  in  the  state  house,  but  soon  to  be 
removed  to  a  new  building  in  course  of  erection  in  May,  1910.  The  nu- 
cleus of  the  museum  is  a  collection  made  by  Cecil  A.  Deane,  and  trans- 
ferred in  1895  to  the  state.  Admission  is  free,  and  the  attendance  has 
been  estimated  at  50,000  a  year. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park,  established  in  1897,  con- 
taining 200  birds  and  155  mammals. 

FORT  COLLINS: 

STATE  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE.     Museum. 

The  collections,  which  are  rich  in  local  material,  are  in  charge  of 
the  heads  of  the  several  departments  and  comprise  a  small  collection 
in  ethnology;  7000  botanical  specimens,  including  1000  species  of 
Colorado  phanerogams  and  300  species  of  Colorado  fungi ;  small  working 
collections  of  minerals  and  rocks,  and  about  1000  specimens  of  ores; 
550  specimens  in  paleontology;  and  an  extensive  zoological  collection, 
including  2000  shells,  80,000  insects,  500  other  invertebrates,  20  fishes, 
50  batrachians,  75  reptiles,  1200  birds,  and  125  mammals. 

GOLDEN: 

COLORADO    SCHOOL   OF   MINES.     Mineralogical   Museum. 

This  museum  is  in  charge  of  H.  B.  Patton,  professor  of  geology 
and  mineralogy  and,  although  used  primarily  for  instruction,  is  open 
free  to  the  public. 

COLLECTIONS.  Minerals:  a  synoptic  collection  of  370;  a  working 
collection  of  2i,ooo±;  a  display  collection  of  1305;  a  supplementary 
collection  of  950;  the  Patton  collection  of  970;  and  a  crystal  collection 
of  1800.  Rocks:  a  synoptic  collection  of  1800;  a  working  collection  of 
748;  a  United  States  geological  survey  educational  series  of  156;  and 
the  Patton  collection  of  1700.  Fossils:  a  display  collection  of  342; 
and  a  miscellaneous  collection  of  1360.  Many  of  the  Colorado  min- 
erals are  of  special  interest,  more  particularly  the  zeolites  of  Table 
Mountain,  Golden. 

The  school  also  possesses  a  museum  of  applied  chemistry,  including 
mounted  specimens  of  raw  materials,  main  products,  by-products, 
and  waste  products  of  the  various  branches  of  technical  chemistry  and 
metallurgy,  and  a  metallurgical  collection  of  models  illustrating  the 
best  types  of  furnaces  in  this  and  other  countries. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  35 

GREELEY: 

STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

The  school  has  undertaken  the  organization  of  museums  for 
teaching  purposes  in  connection  with  its  several  departments  of 
study.  A  bulletin  describing  the  collections  was  issued  in  May, 

1908. 

CONNECTICUT 

HARTFORD : 

CONNECTICUT  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  secretary  and  librarian  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a 
small  museum,  of  which  he  is  the  custodian,  but  no  further  information 
regarding  the  collections  has  been  received. 

THEOLOGICAL   SEMINARY.     (Broad    St.) 

The  seminary  is  the  custodian  of  the  large  collection  of  ethno- 
graphical specimens  collected  by  missionaries  of  the  American  Board  of 
Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions,  Boston,  with  which  are  included 
similar  articles  belonging  to  the  seminary  itself.  It  also  possesses  the 
Paton  Palestinian  ethnological  collection;  and  has  a  full  set  of  lan- 
tern slides  illustrating  the  archeology,  geography,  and  ethnology  of 
Palestine. 

TRINITY   COLLEGE.     Museum. 

The  collections  include  a  fair  representation  of  the  minerals;  the 
Ward  collections  of  rocks;  rocks  of  the  New  York  series,  and  of  the 
stratigraphical  series;  a  local  herbarium;  a  few  cases  of  Indian  and  other 
relics;  Ward's  collection  of  fossils  and  casts  of  fossils;  a  fair  representa- 
tion of  vertebrates,  including  some  good  mammalian  skeletons;  small 
local  collections  of  insects,  the  fauna  of  Long  Island  Sound,  Blaschka 
models  of  Hydrozoa,  and  a  large  collection  of  unidentified  shells. 
These  collections  are  in  charge  of  the  professor  of  natural  history, 
and  though  used  primarily  for  college  purposes,  are  open  to  visitors. 

WADSWORTH  ATHENEUM. 

STAFF.  Chief  curator,  Frank  Butler  Gay;  Curators,  John  H> 
Sage  (natural  history),  Henry  D.  Miller  (mineralogy),  Albert  Hastings 
Pitkin  (ceramics). 

COLLECTIONS.  The  art  collections  include  paintings,  ceramics, 
firearms,  statuary,  etc.  Among  the  artists  represented  are  Lawrence, 
Gainsborough,  Raeburn,  Morland,  Constable,  Ostade,  Heernskerk, 
Van  der  Neer,  Weenix,  Van  der  Heist,  Corot,  Troyon,  Jacque  Lhermitte, 
Pasini,  Isabey,  Clays,  Mesdag,  Dupre,  Copley,  Trumbull,  Stewart, 


36  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Cole,  Inness,  Wyant,  and  others.  There  is  also  a  collection  of  early 
books  and  prints  to  illustrate  the  development  of  printed  pictures, 
made  by  William  C.  Prime.  In  a  portion  of  the  building  known  as  the 
Morgan  Memorial  is  a  remarkable  collection  of  tapestries  loaned  by 
Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan. 

The  natural  history  collections  include  an  especially  choice  collec- 
tion of  Connecticut  Valley  birds,  bird  eggs,  shells,  minerals,  etc. 

Data  concerning  the  building  and  financial  support  have  not  been 
received. 

LITCHFIELD: 

LITGHFIELD  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  museum  of  local  history,  including  war 
relics;  old  china,  furniture,  tools,  coins,  articles  of  clothing,  etc.; 
autographs,  portraits,  and  medals;  and  a  library  of  books  of  local  inter- 
est, files  of  newspapers,  etc.  These  collections  occupy  about  2250 
square  feet  of  floor  space  in  a  building  erected  by  Mrs.  Emily  N. 
Vanderpool,  in  memory  of  her  son.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Mrs. 
Vanderpool,  curator,  and  is  open  to  the  public  on  week-days  in  summer 
and  twice  a  week  in  winter. 

MERIDEN: 

MERIDEN  SCIENTIFIC  ASSOCIATION. 

The  association  possesses  a  geological  and  mineralogical  collec- 
tion of  about  3000  specimens. 

MIDDLETOWN: 

MIDDLESEX  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  has  a  museum  of  about  2000  articles  of  historical 
interest,  military,  naval,  civil,  religious,  and  ethnological,  pertaining 
mainly  to  the  county,  state,  and  the  United  States,  in  charge  of  A.  R. 
Crittenden,  curator.  It  also  has  a  library  of  2500  or  more  volumes 
with  many  pamphlets,  documents,  letters,  and  historical  engravings, 
in  charge  of  Frances  M.  Pelton,  librarian. 

WESLEYAN   UNIVERSITY.     Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  —      — . 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  34oo±  specimens,  rich  in  material  illustrating 
the  life  of  American  Indians,  largely  from  localities  in  New  England, 
from  burial  mounds  near  Chattanooga,  and  from  California.  There  is 
also  a  large  collection  from  China,  the  South  Sea  Islands,  and  Africa. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  37 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  30o±;  Phanerogams,  io,ooo±;  Speci- 
mens of  wood,  alcoholic  specimens  of  fungi,  and  miscellaneous  botani- 
cal specimens,  1500^. 

j  GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  yoooi,  in  storage,  io,ooo±; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  iooo±,  in  storage,  iooo±.  There  is  a  collec- 
tion of  dynamic  geology,  illustrating  systematically  the  work  of  atmos- 
pheric, aqueous,  organic,  and  igneous  agencies.  The  minerals  are  rich 
in  material  from  Middletown,  Portland,  arid  Haddam. 

NUMISMATICS.  yooo±  coins  and  medals.  Among  these  are  2ooo± 
Chinese  coins,  many  of  which  are  ancient  and  rare,  presented  by 
Rev.  M.  L.  Taft;  a  collection  of  historical  medals  and  facsimilies  of 
Greek  and  Roman  coins  (with  some  originals),  numbering  iooo± 
specimens,  presented  by  Stephen  H.  Olin. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  io,ooo±,  in 
storage,  40oo± ;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  2ooo±;  Plants,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 2ooo±,  in  storage,  5oo±.  These  collections  include  a  fine  repre- 
sentation of  fishes  from  the  triassic  shales  of  Durham  and  Guilford, 
Conn.,  and  considerable  material  from  the  Green  River  beds  of  Fossil, 
Wyoming;  also  casts  of  Megatherium  and  other  large  fossil  verte- 
brates. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  30,000^,  in  storage,  6o,ooo±; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  2ooo±,  in  storage,  3Ooo±;  Other  inverte- 
brates, on  exhibition,  yoooi,  in  storage,  3ooo±;  Fishes,  on  exhibition, 
1 5oo±,  in  storage,  5oo±;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  2Oo±;  Reptiles, 
on  exhibition,  5oo±,  in  storage,  ioo±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  iooo±, 
in  storage,  yooi;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  4oo±.  These  collections 
include  full  representations  of  the  vertebrates  of  North  America  and 
of  the  marine  invertebrates  of  the  New  England  coast.  The  large 
collection  of  shells  was  obtained  chiefly  by  the  purchase  of  the  collec- 
tion of  Dr.  Simeon  Shurtlefl. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  collection  of  museum  material  was 
commenced  at  the  time  of  the  founding  of  the  university  in  1831. 
John  Johnston,  professor  of  natural  science  for  many  years  in  the  early 
history  of  the  college,  collected  many  specimens  from  the  rich  minera- 
logical  localities  in  the  vicinity  of  Middletown.  The  Franckfort 
collection,  rich  in  minerals  from  European  localities,  was  purchased 
in  1858,  and  the  Shurtleff  collection  of  shells,  birds,  etc.,  was  purchased 
in  1868.  In  1871,  George  Brown  Goode  became  connected  with  the 
museum,  which  owes  much  to  his  energy  as  a  collector  and  to  his 
genius  as  a  museum  administrator.  Since  1893,  Mr.  Loper,  the  recent 
curator,  has  made  extensive  collections  of  fossils  in  the  vicinity  of 


38  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Middletown,  Valcour  Island,  Nova  Scotia,  Maryland,  Colorado,  and 
Wyoming. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  has  no  separate  endowment, 
salaries  being  paid  from  the  funds  of  the  university.  Money  for  occa- 
sional purchase  of  specimens  has  usually  been  raised  by  special  sub- 
scription. 

BUILDING.  The  two  upper  stories  of  the  natural  science  building, 
Orange  Judd  Hall,  are  used  for  the  museum.  11,000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  is  available  for  exhibition,  and  2ooo±  for  offices,  work- 
rooms, etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  Under  the  control  of  the  board  of  trustees  of 
the  university. 

SCOPE.  The  collections  are  chiefly  used  for  college  teaching,  but 
some  emphasis  is  laid  upon  instruction  of  the  general  public  and  of 
pupils  of  the  public  schools. 

PUBLICATIONS.  From  1876  to  1892  an  annual  report  was  pub- 
lished, giving  lists  of  accessions  and  other  information.  Since  that 
date,  the  important  facts  in  regard  to  the  museum  have  been  given  in 
the  semi-annual  bulletins  of  the  university. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  Wednesday  and  Satur- 
day afternoons,  and  at  other  times  on  special  application ;  to  students 
of  the  university,  at  all  times. 

NEW  BRITAIN: 

NEW  BRITAIN  INSTITUTE. 

This  library  possesses  8  oil  paintings,  3  of  which  were  purchased 
from  the  Talcott  Art  fund;  and  a  collection  of  157  mounted  birds, 
not  yet  arranged  for  exhibition.  They  are  to  receive,  as  soon  as 
accommodations  can  be  prepared,  1480  named  and  classified  minerals, 
500  shells,  and  500  fossils. 

NEW  HAVEN: 

NEW  HAVEN  COLONY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.      (144  Grove  St. ) 

This  society  possesses  an  unclassified  collection  of  Indian  flints 
and  arrowheads,  and  objects,  documents  and  prints  relating  to  local 
history,  in  charge  of  Frederick  Bostwick,  curator.  The  society  also 
possesses  a  library  of  7000  volumes  and  8000  pamphlets  relating  to 
historical  and  genealogical  subjects. 

YALE  UNIVERSITY.     School  of  the  Fine  Arts. 

The  school  maintains  an  art  museum  in  charge  of  John  F.  Weir, 
director,  and  George  H.  Langzettel,  assistant  curator.  The  collections 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  39 

include  the  Jarves  gallery  of  Italian  art  numbering  122  paintings, 
dating  from  the  nth  to  the  lyth  centuries;  the  Trumbull  gallery  of 
historical  portraits  and  other  works  of  modern  art;  a  collection  of 
original  sketches  by  the  old  masters;  about  150  casts  and  marbles 
representative  of  Greek  and  renaissance  art;  a  valuable  collection  of  old 
Chinese  porcelain  and  bronzes;  an  extensive  series  of  Belgian  wood 
carvings  of  the  iyth  century,  the  confessionals  and  wainscoting  of  an 
old  chapel  in  Ghent;  and  a  considerable  collection  of  autotypes. 

There  is  also  an  art  library  containing  technical  handbooks  and 
the  principal  English,  French,  and  German  art  periodicals  in  complete 
sets,  besides  collections  of  etchings  and  engravings. 

The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  from  October  i  to  July  i 
on  week-days  from  i  to  5,  and  on  Sundays  from  November  i  to  May 
i  from  1.30  to  4.30.  During  the  summer  vacation  the  galleries  are 
open  from  9  to  i  and  2  to  5,  when  a  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged.  This 
fee  is  also  charged  when  special  loan  exhibitions  are  organized,  in 
order  to  meet  incidental  expenses. 

YALE   UNIVERSITY.     Botanical   Garden. 

The  garden  was  established  in  1900  on  the  estate  of  the  late  Prof. 
Othniel  C.  Marsh,  who  bequeathed  •  the  place  to  the  university  for 
this  purpose.  It  is  connected  with  the  Yale  Forest  School  and  is  under 
the  care  of  James  W.  Tourney,  director. 

YALE  UNIVERSITY.     The  Eaton  Herbarium. 

This  collection  was  given  by  the  family  of  the  late  Prof.  Daniel 
C.  Eaton  in  1896,  in  accordance  with  his  wishes,  on  condition  that  a 
suitable  fireproof  room  be  provided  for  it  on  or  before  October  i,  1896, 
and  that  proper  provision  be  made  for  its  care  and  preservation ;  also 
that  it  be  kept  as  a  separate  collection,  or  else  that  the  sheets  be  marked 
with  some  distinguishing  stamp  or  label,  as  "The  Eaton  Herbarium." 

YALE  UNIVERSITY.     Peabody  Museum  of  Natural  History. 

STAFF.  Curators,  A.  E.  Verrill  (zoology),  Edward  S.  Dana  (miner- 
alogy), Charles  Schuchert  (geology),  G.  F.  Eaton  (osteology),  G.  G. 
MacCurdy  (anthropology);  Associate  curators,  R.  S.  Lull  and  G.  F. 
Eaton  (vertebrate  paleontology);  Lecturer  on  paleobotany,  G.  R. 
Wieland;  Chief  preparator,  Hugh  Gibb;  2  preparators,  2  museum  assis- 
tants, i  librarian,  and  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  A  general  collection,  comprising  stone  imple- 
ments, the  Moseley  collection  of  Indian  baskets,  Panama  pottery,  i 
Mexican  calendar  stone,  the  Prudden  collection  of  material  from  the 
ancient  pueblos  and  cliff  dwellings  of  the  southwest  United  States,  the 


40  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Hoppin  Eskimo  exhibit  and  other  smaller  series.  Much  of  the  mate- 
rial was  presented  to  the  university  by  Professor  Marsh. 

GEOLOGY.  The  mineral  collection  is  one  of  the  best  in  America; 
it  was  begun  in  1804  by  Professor  Silliman  and  later  developed  by 
Professors  James  D.  Dana  and  Edward  S.  Dana.  It  comprises  a 
systematic  series  and  several  special  collections,  including  the  Gibbs 
collection,  purchased  in  1825;  famous  collections  of  meteorites  includ- 
ing the  Gibbs  iron  from  Texas,  the  Weston  meteorite,  nearly  1000 
specimens  from  the  great  shower  of  1890  in  Winnebago  County, 
Iowa,  and  the  Hubert  A.  Newton  collection. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  These  collections  consist  of  6500  drawers  of 
study  vertebrate,  invertebrate,  and  plant  fossils,  besides  two  rooms  of 
exhibition  specimens,  brought  together  in  the  main  by  Professors  O.  C. 
Marsh  and  Charles  E.  Beecher  since  1866,  when  the  former  was  ap- 
pointed professor  of  paleontology.  Nearly  all  of  this  material  is  from 
America  and  chiefly  from  the  Rocky  Mountain  and  Great  Plains 
regions.  Among  the  more  important  fossil  vertebrates  are  the  triassic, 
Jurassic,  and  cretaceous  dinosaurs,  the  toothed  birds  from  the  creta- 
ceous, the  largest  of  pterodactyls  (Pteranodon) ,  Archelon,  the  largest  of 
marine  turtles,  and  an  extensive  series  of  tertiary  mammals,  among 
which  is  the  famous  Marsh  collection  of  American  fossil  horses  that 
formed  the  basis  of  Huxley's  lectures  in  1876.  Among  the  inverte- 
brates is  the  unique  series  of  trilobites,  preserving  the  antennae  and 
the  ventral  limbs,  and  three  large  slabs  of  crinoids  from  the  paleozoic 
and  cretaceous.  Of  fossil  cycads  from  the  Jurassic  of  South  Dakota 
there  are  more  than  500,  preserving  not  only  the  microscopic  structure 
of  the  trunk  but  as  well  the  unemerged  flower  buds. 

ZOOLOGY.  Nearly  all  of  the  extensive  collections  are  the  work  of 
Professor  Verrill.  Among  the  invertebrates,  mention  may  be  made  of 
the  corals  (one  of  the  most  extensive  collections  in  the  country)  and 
the  nearly  complete  collection  of  the  marine  invertebrates  of  New 
England. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  In  1866,  George  Peabody,  of  London,  but 
of  Massachusetts  birth,  entrusted  to  a  board  of  trustees,  selected  by 
himself,  the  sum  of  $150,000  to  found  and  maintain  a  museum  of 
natural  history,  especially  in  the  departments  of  zoology,  geology,  and 
mineralogy,  in  connection  with  Yale  College.  Of  this  sum,  $100,000 
was  devoted  by  Mr.  Peabody  to  the  erection,  on  land  to  be  given  for 
that  purpose  by  the  president  and  fellows  of  Yale  College,  of  a  fire- 
proof building,  planned  with  special  reference  to  its  subsequent  enlarge- 
ment, to  be,  when  completed,  the  property  of  Yale  College.  Of  the 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  41 

remainder  of  the  gift,  $20,000  was  set  apart  to  accumulate  as  a  building 
fund,  and  $30,000  to  meet  by  its  income  from  investment  the  expenses 
attending  the  care  of  the  museum,  the  increase  of  its  collections,  and 
the  general  interests  of  the  departments  of  science  before  named. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  income  of  $30,000  from  the  original 
Peabody  endowment,  supplemented  by  liberal  annual  appropriations 
from  the  university. 

BUILDING.  In  1876,  the  first  wing  of  the  museum — the  part  now 
standing — was  completed  and  furnished  with  cases  at  a  cost  of  $175,000 
the  whole  outlay  being  met  by  the  accumulated  building  fund.  The 
central  part  of  the  projected  structure  and  the  south  wing  remain  to 
be  built  whenever  the  means  available  for  the  purpose  shall  be  ade- 
quate. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  a  self-perpetuating  board  of  trustees. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  purposes  of  the  museum  are  research, 
university  teaching,  and  public  instruction. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  throughout 
the  year  from  9  to  5,  and  on  Sundays  from  November  to  May  from 
1.30  to  4.30. 

YALE   UNIVERSITY.     Steinert   Collection. 

Of  special  interest  to  all  students  of  music  is  the  M.  Steinert 
collection  of  musical  instruments  and  manuscripts.  It  contains  a 
large  number  of  ancient  keyed  and  stringed  instruments  in  a  state  of 
excellent  preservation,  and  shows  the  development  of  these  instruments 
during  a  period  extending  over  several  centuries.  This  collection,  which 
also  contains  a  number  of  ecclesiastical  manuscripts,  is  of  much 
historical  importance.  It  was  given  to  the  university  by  Mr.  Morris 
Steinert  of  New  Haven  and  is  kept  in  Memorial  Hall.  Open  to  the 
public  on  Sunday  afternoons  in  winter;  at  other  times  accessible  upon 
inquiry  at  the  office  of  University  Dining  Hall. 

NEW  LONDON: 

NEW  LONDON  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  is  said  to  maintain  a  collection  of  historical  relics 
in  the  Shaw  Mansion  purchased  for  this  purpose  by  public  subscrip- 
tion. 

STORKS: 

CONNECTICUT   AGRICULTURAL   COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  collections  for  teaching  purposes,  including 
about  75  Indian  implements;  700  minerals;  900  specimens  of  historical 


42  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

and  economic  geology;  500  fossils;  1500  botanical  specimens  represent- 
ing the  flora  of  Connecticut;  and  a  zoological  collection  of  about  10,000 
specimens,  including  a  good  collection  of  insects,  a  good  collection  of 
birds,  particularly  warblers,  and  a  general  synoptic  collection  in  which 
the  gastropods  are  best  represented.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of 
G.  H.  Lamson,  Jr.,  and  occupies  about  300  square  feet  of  floor  space  in 
the  main  building  of  the  college. 

DELAWARE 

NEWARK: 

DELAWARE    COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  teaching  collections  including  250  fossils;  600 
minerals;  300  specimens  of  economic  and  historical  geology;  200 
invertebrate  animals  from  the  National  Museum,  and  200  collected 
locally;  200  vertebrates;  and  1500  botanical  specimens. 

WILMINGTON: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  DELAWARE.     (924  Market   St.) 

The  assistant  librarian  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a 
museum,  but  no  further  information  has  been  received. 

NATURAL  HISTORY  SOCIETY  OF  DELAWARE. 

This  society  possesses  a  botanical  collection  of  about .  7000  spe- 
cimens, made  by  the  late  William  M.  Canby. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1905,  containing  3  reptiles,  32  birds,  and  35  mammals. 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA 

WASHINGTON: 

ARMY  MEDICAL  MUSEUM. 

A  collection,  consisting  mainly  of  human  pathology,  with  a  depart- 
ment devoted  to  military  and  general  hygiene,  is  maintained  by  an 
annual  appropriation  from  Congress.  The  museum  issues  catalogs 
and  occasional  reports,  is  open  free  to  the  public,  and  is  administered 
by  a  curator,  Major  F.  F.  Russell,  and  an  assistant  curator,  Capt. 
Chas.  F.  Craig,  responsible  to  the  surgeon-general  of  the  United  States 
army.  Three  assistants,  who  are  graduates  in  medicine,  an^  two  labor- 
ers make  up  the  working  force  of  the  museum. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  43 

CATHOLIC  UNIVERSITY  OF  AMERICA. 

Professor  Henry  Hyvernat  reports  that  the  recent  transfer  and 
impending  reorganization  of  the  university  museum  make  it  impossible 
to  give  a  report  at  present.  The  university  is  said  by  Merrill  to  possess 
a  botanical  collection  of  over  30,000  specimens,  especially  rich  in  plants 
of  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  the  Pacific  coast,  gathered  by  Professor 
Edward  L.  Greene,  and  containing  types  of  several  hundred  species 
described  by  him. 

CORCORAN  GALLERY  OF  ART. 

STAFF.  Director,  Frederick  B.  McGuire;  Assistant  director,  C. 
Powell  Minnigerode;  i  clerk  and  stenographer,  i  janitor,  i  engineer, 
i  foreman,  7  guards  and  attendants  and  3  char-women. 

ART.  Sculpture,  about  350  pieces,  including  original  marbles, 
casts  of  antique,  renaissance,  and  modern  sculpture,  and  107  original 
Barye  bronzes;  Prints  and  engravings,  the  St.  Memim  collection  of 
820  engraved  portraits;  Oil  paintings,  28o±;  Water  colors,  15; 
Cloisonne,  6  pieces;  Porcelains  and  glass,  15  pieces;  Electrotype 
reproductions,  141  pieces. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  art  gallery  and  school  were  founded 
and  endowed  by  the  late  William  Wilson  Corcoran  in  1869,  and  opened 
to  the  public  in  1874  in  the  building  on  the  corner  of  Pennsylvania 
Avenue  and  1 7th  Street.  The  gallery  was  opened  in  the  new  building 
in  1897.. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Annual  income :  from  endowment,  $35,000; 
from  the  art  school,  about  $5000;  from  admission  fees,  about  $3000. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1893-7,  at  a  cost  of  $650,000,  paid  from 
the  endowment  fund.  About  35,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  is 
available  for  exhibition  purposes,  and  about  4000  for  offices,  work- 
rooms, etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of 
trustees. 

SCOPE.  In  connection  with  the  gallery  there  is  a  free  art  school 
with  classes  in  drawing  and  painting  from  the  cast,  life,  etc.,  also  por- 
trait and  still-life  classes.  The  students  number  about  300.  Loan 
collections  and  special  exhibitions  are  placed  in  the  gallery  from  time  to 
time. 

LIBRARY.  1000  volumes  on  the  fine  arts,  used  chiefly  as  a 
reference  library  by  members  of  the  staff  and  students  of  the  school. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports.  (2)  Catalogs  of  the  perman- 
ent collection.  (3)  Catalogs  of  special  exhibitions. 


44  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ATTENDANCE.  The  gallery  is  closed  to  the  public  every  summer 
for  necessary  renovation.  It  is  open  during  the  remainder  of  the  year, 
as  follows:  From  November  i  to  July  i,  on  Sundays  from  1.30  to 
4.30,  on  Mondays  from  12  to  4,  on  other  days  from  9  to  4.  Admission 
is  free,  except  on  Mondays,  Wednesdays  and  Fridays,  when  an 
entrance  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged.  The  total  attendence  for  the  year 
1908  was  133,973,  including  10,427  pay  admissions,  and  123,546  free 
admissions. 

GEORGETOWN  UNIVERSITY.    The  Coleman  Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Francis  A.  Tondorf ;  Assistants,  C.  J.  Ramage, 
John  Langdale,  Edward  Connelly. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  1400  specimens,  including  a  complete  series  of 
Indian  remains  from  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  fine  collections 
from  Alaska  and  the  Philippine  Islands. 

ART.  Oil  paintings  by  ancient  and  modern  masters;  valuable 
engravings;  prints  and  photographs;  and  the  Beauchamp  Hughes 
collection  of  laces,  pictures,  ancient  manuscripts,  bronzes,  china,  and 
bric-a-brac. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  about  300  specimens,  representing  the 
flora  of  the  District  of  Columbia. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  3 130,  in  storage,  400+  ;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  1500,  in  storage,  300+;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  5. 
The  collections  include  a  complete  representation  of  local  minerals  and 
rocks. 

HISTORY.  A  collection  of  120  Maryland  colonial  relics  is  con- 
tained in  a  special  room  intended  for  the  exhibition  of  Maryland 
history. 

NUMISMATICS.  A  complete  set  of  pontifical  medals,  and  foreign 
and  domestic  coins. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  About  1 200  fossils,  including  several  fine  tusks  of 
the  mammoth  from  Alaska. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  3164,  in  storage,  4oo±,  types 
and  figured  specimens,  100+  ;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  1020,  eggs,  1300. 
nests,  88;  Mammals  ioo±.  10  small  groups  are  exhibited  in  natural 
surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  In  1840  the  collections  had  become  suf- 
ficiently extensive  to  warrant  the  setting  apart  of  a  special  room  for 
their  exhibition.  In  1889  they  were  transferred  to  Coleman  Hall  in 
the  main  building. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     Maintained  by  university  funds. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  45 

BUILDING.  The  collections  occupy  the  north  pavilion  of  the 
main  building,  to  which  has  been  given  the  name,  Coleman  Hall; 
2440  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  available  for  exhibition. 

SCOPE.  Research,  college  teaching,  and  instruction  of  the  general 
public. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  9  to  5.  The 
number  of  visitors  is  estimated  at  5000  annually. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON   UNIVERSITY   MEDICAL   SCHOOL. 

The  Medical  School  now  has,  in  charge  of  F.  F.  Russell,  professor 
of  pathology  and  bacteriology,  the  teaching  collection  of  human 
pathology  which  formerly  belonged  to  the  Columbian  University. 

HOWARD  UNIVERSITY. 

The  department  of  biology  and  geology  possesses  teaching  col- 
lections including  a  phanerogamic  herbarium  of  about  7500  speci- 
mens, chiefly  flora  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  with  a  general  collection 
of  about  2000  plants  from  the  United  States  and  Mexico,  and  23 
fascicles  of  native  plants  issued  by  the  United  States  department  of 
agriculture;  about  1200  minerals  and  rocks;  about  2000  invertebrates; 
and  about  500  vertebrates,  including  12  groups  mounted  in  natural 
surroundings,  and  a  good  collection  of  skeletons  in  comparative  anat- 
omy. These  collections  are  maintained  from  the  general  appropria- 
tion for  the  department,  are  used  for  teaching  purposes,  and  are  in 
charge  of  R.  E.  Schuh,  professor  of  biology  and  geology. 

UNITED  STATES  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Secretary  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  keeper  ex  officio 
Charles  D.  Walcott;  Assistant  secretary,  in  charge  of  the  museum, 
Richard  Rathbun ;  Administrative  assistant,  W.  de  C.  Ravenel.  Depart- 
ment of  anthropology:  Head  curator,  William  H.  Holmes;  Curators, 
Walter  Hough  (ethnology),  Ales  Hrdlicka  (physical  anthropology), 
William  H.  Holmes  (prehistoric  archeology),  J.  M.  Flint  (medicine),  A. 
Howard  Clark  (history);  Assistant  curators,  I.  M.  Casanowicz  (his- 
toric archeology),  George  C.  Maynard  (technology),  T.  T.  Belote 
(history) ;  Custodians,  Paul  Brockett  (graphic arts), T.  W.  Smillie  (pho- 
tography); Collaborators,  J.  W.  Fewkes  (ethnology),  J.  D.  McGuire 
(prehistoric  archeology);  Aids,  T.  F.  Lane  (physical  anthropology), 
E.  P.  Upham  (prehistoric  archeology);  Associates,  Paul  Haupt  and 
Cyrus  Adler  (historic  archeology) .  Department  of  biology:  Head  cura- 
tor, Frederick  W.  True;  Chief  of  exhibits,  James  E.  Benedict;  Cura- 
tors, Gerrit  S.  Miller,  Jr.  (mammals),  Robert  Ridgway  (birds), 


46  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Leonhard  Stejneger  (reptiles  and  batrachians),  B.  W.  Evermann 
(fishes),  William  H.  Ball  (mollusks) ,  L.  O.  Howard  (insects),  Richard 
Rathbun  (marine  invertebrates),  Frederick  V.  Coville  (plants— Nat- 
ional Herbarium) ;  Associate  curator,  J.  N.  Rose  (plants — National 
Herbarium) ;  Assistant  curators,  N.  Hollister  (mammals),  Charles  W. 
Richmond  (birds),  Barton  A.  Bean  (fishes),  Paul  Bartsch  (mollusks), 
J.  C.  Crawford  (insects),  Mary  J.  Rathbun  and  Austin  H.  Clark 
(marine  invertebrates),  W.  R.  Maxon  and  P.  C.  Standley  (plants- 
National  Herbarium) ,  O.  F.  Cook  (cryptogamic  collections — National 
Herbarium);  Custodians,  O.  F.  Cook  (myriapoda),  D.  W.  Coquillett 
(diptera),  E.  A.  Schwarz  (coleoptera),  Harrison  G.  Dyar  (lepidop- 
tera),  A.  N.  Caudell  (orthoptera),  Nathan  Banks  (arachnida), 
Otto  Heidemann  (hemiptera),  C.  W.  Stiles  (helminthological  col- 
lections), W.  T.  Swingle  (higher  algae — National  Herbarium),  D.  G. 
Fairchilds  (lower  fungi — National  Herbarium);  Assistant  custodian, 
B.  H.  Ransom  (helminthological  collections);  Collaborators,  Mary 
Breen  (mollusks),  Harriet  Richardson  (marine  invertebrates);  Aids,  J. 
H.  Riley  (birds),  R.  G.  Paine  (reptiles  and  batrachians),  Alfred  C. 
Weed  (fishes),  William  B.  Marshall  (mollusks),  Paul  R.  Myers  (in- 
sects) ;  Associates,  Theodore  N.  Gill,  C.  Hart  Merriam,  W.  L.  Abbott, 
and  Edgar  A.  Mearns  (zoology),  Edward  L.  Greene  and  John  Don- 
nell  Smith  (botany).  Department  of  geology:  Head  curator,  George 
P.  Merrill;  Curators,  George  P.  Merrill  (physical  and  chemical  geol- 
ogy), F.  W.  Clarke  (mineralogy),  R.  S.  Bassler  (invertebrate  pale- 
ontology) ;  Associate  curators,  W.  H.  Ball  (invertebrate  paleontology 
— cenozoic  collection),  David  White  (paleobotany) ;  Assistant  cura- 
tors, F.  B.  Laney  (physical  and  chemical  geology),  Joseph  E.  Pogue, 
Jr.  (mineralogy),  Lancaster  D.  Burling  (invertebrate  paleontology); 
Custodians,  T.  W.  Stanton  (invertebrate  paleontology — mesozoic 
collection),  T.  Wayland  Vaughan  (madreporarian  corals),  James 
W.  Gidley  (mammalian  collection),  Charles  W.  Gilmore  (reptilian  col- 
lection), F.  H.  Knowlton  (mesozoic  plants);  Aid,  A.  C.  Peale  (paleo- 
botany); Associates,  L.  T.  Chamberlain  (mineralogy),  Charles  A. 
White  (paleontology),  Lester  F.  Ward  (paleobotany).  Department  of 
mineral  technology:  Curator,  Charles  D.  Walcott.  National  Gallery 
of  Art:  Curator,  William  H.  Holmes.  Administrative  staff:  Chief 
of  correspondence  and  documents,  R.  I.  Geare;  Disbursing  agent, 
W.  I.  Adams;  Superintendent  of  construction  and  labor,  J.  S.  Gold- 
smith; Editor,  Marcus  Benjamin;  Editorial  clerk,  E.  S.  Steele;  Assist- 
ant librarian,  N.  P.  Scudder;  Photographer,  T.  W.  Smillie;  Registrar, 
S.  C.  Brown;  Property  clerk,  W.  A.  Knowles. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  47 

COLLECTIONS.  The  readjustment  and  moving  of  the  collections 
necessitated  by  the  construction  of  a  new  building  prevents  the  com- 
pilation of  statistics  regarding  the  collections. 

The  total  number  of  specimens  in  all  branches  of  natural  history 
amounts  to  several  millions,  the  annual  accretion  during  several  years 
having  averaged  about  a  quarter  of  a  million  specimens.  An  enumer- 
ation of  the  type  specimens  has  not  recently  been  made,  but  the  number 
is  exceptionally  large.  These  natural  history  collections  have  been 
received  in  greater  part  from  government  surveys  and  explorations, 
and  are  richest  in  material  from  North  America .  Many  other  parts  of 
the  world  are  also  well  represented  in  one  subject  or  another,  especially 
Central  America,  the  Philippines,  Malaysia,  and  some  portions  of 
Europe,  Africa,  and  South  America.  The  deep-water  zoological 
collections  from  both  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  oceans  are  the  most 
extensive  and  important  in  existence. 

The  National  Gallery  of  Art,  as  the  department  of  fine  arts  is 
designated,  has  come  into  prominence  during  the  past  four  years 
through  the  bequest  of  Harriet  Lane  Johnston,  and  the  gifts  of  Charles 
L.  Freer  and  William  T.  Evans,  consisting  mainly  of  paintings  and 
oriental  pottery,  valued  at  not  less  than  one  and  one-half  million 
dollars. 

The  department  of  arts  and  industries,  the  proper  development 
of  which  has  been  delayed  by  lack  of  space,  but  is  now  rendered  pos- 
sible by  the  new  building,  has  had  on  exhibition  the  most  complete 
collections  of  firearms  in  this  country,  boat  and  railroad  models, 
electrical  apparatus,  t-ime-keeping  and  measuring  devices,  ceramics, 
graphic  arts,  laces,  embroideries,  etc.  Large  collections  of  other  sub- 
jects are  in  storage. 

The  historical  collection  is  rich  in  materials  illustrative  of  periods 
and  of  important  events  and  personages  connected  with  the  history 
of  the  United  States  from  the  colonial  period. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  By  congressional  act  of  August  10,  1846, 
founding  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  that  establishment  was  made 
the  custodian  of  the  national  collections  in  both  nature  and  art.  The 
museum  branch  was  definitely  organized  in  1850,  the  title  "United 
States  National  Museum"  being  authoritatively  given  by  congress  in 
1875.  During  the  first  few  years  the  expenses  of  the  museum  were 
wholly  met  from  the  Smithsonian  fund,  and  it  was  not  until  1878  that 
the  government  began  to  provide  entirely  for  its  maintenance,  through 
annual  congressional  appropriations. 


48  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Among  important  early  sources  of  collections  may  be  mentioned 
the  United  States  Exploring  Expedition  of  1838  to  1842,  the  Perry 
Expedition  to  Japan,  the  North  Pacific  Exploring  Expedition  of  the 
Navy,  the  railroad  and  wagon  road  surveys  by  the  Army  in  connection 
with  the  opening  up  of  the  far  west , the  Canadian  and  Mexican  boundary 
surveys,  certain  geological  explorations,  and  the  work  of  the  Coast 
Survey  in  Alaskan  wraters,  besides  many  expeditions  organized  or 
assisted  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution.  Of  more  recent  date  are  the 
investigations  of  the  Bureau  of  Fisheries,  the  Geological  Survey,  the 
Bureau  of  American  Ethnology,  and  the  Bureaus  of  Plant  Industry, 
Entomology,  and  Biological  Survey  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture. 
Of  private  donors,  some  of  whom  have  made  gifts  of  great  extent  and 
value,  the  list  is  very  long. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  congressional  appropriations,  that  for 
the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1909,  amounting  to  $318,080.  For  the 
fiscal  year  ending  in  1910,  the  appropriation  amounts  to  $565,500,  the 
increased  amount  being  called  for  by  the  approaching  occupancy  of 
the  new  building. 

BUILDINGS.  The  Smithsonian  building,  completed  in  1857,  at  an 
expense  of  over  $300,000,  and  designed  in  part  for  the  museum,  was, 
as  early  as  1872,  turned  over  entirely  to  museum  purposes,  with  the 
exception  of  the  east  wing,  retained  for  the  use  of  the  institution  proper. 
A  separate  building  of  brick,  called  for  by  the  increase  of  the  collections 
and  having  a  main  floor  area  of  103,000  square  feet,  was  finished  in 
1 88 1,  at  an  initial  cost  of  $250,000.  There  is  now  nearly  completed, 
and  in  small  part  already  occupied,  a  third  building  of  granite,  having 
a  frontage  of  560  feet  and  a  floor  area  of  about  10  acres,  which  has  cost 
$3,500,000.  It  is  intended  for  the  departments  of  natural  history,  and 
will  also  temporarily  house  the  National  Gallery  of  Art,  while  the  older 
buildings  will  be  used  for  the  collections  of  arts  and  industries.  These 
buildings  are  all  located  on  the  Mall,  between  9th  and  i2th  streets. 

ADMINISTRATION.  The  governing  body  of  the  Smithsonian  Insti- 
tution, and  consequently  of  the  National  Museum,  is  a  board  of  regents, 
comprising  the  vice-president  and  the  chief-justice  of  the  United  States 
as  ex  officio  members,  three  members  of  the  United  States  Senate,  three 
members  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  and  six  citizens  at  large. 
The  authority  of  the  board  is  exercised  through  its  executive  officer, 
the  secretary  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  is  charged  with  three  principal  obligations, 
namely,  the  care  and  preservation  of  the  national  collections,  research 
work  in  naming  and  classifying  the  specimens,  and  the  promotion  of 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  49 

education  by  the  exhibition  of  such  material  as  is  suitable  for  that 
purpose.  The  interests  of  education  are  also  subserved  by  the  distri- 
bution of  duplicate  specimens  to  the  higher  grades  of  schools  and  col- 
leges throughout  the  country.  Very  little  field  work  is  undertaken 
directly  by  the  museum. 

Four  general  divisions  of  the  museum  are  recognized :  (i)  Natural 
history,  including  ethnology  and  archeology;  (2)  the  fine  arts;  (3)  the 
arts  and  industries;  (4)  history. 

LIBRARY.  About  36,000  volumes  and  56,000  unbound  papers,  of 
a  purely  technical  character,  maintained  primarily  for  the  use  of  the 
staff,  but  accessible  to  any  properly  qualified  persons. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  Reports.  (2)  Proceedings.  (3) 
Bulletins.  The  first  mentioned  are  of  the  nature  of  administrative 
reports  to  congress.  The  Proceedings  and  Bulletins  are  mainly 
restricted  to  technical  papers  and  monographs  based  upon  the  mus- 
eum's collection.  The  difference  between  these  two  lies  chiefly  in  the 
fact  that  the  Proceedings  consist  of  the  shorter  and  the  Bulletins  of 
the  longer  papers.  Of  the  Proceedings,  3  7  volumes  have  been  published; 
of  the  Bulletin,  71  numbers,  but  a  few  of  these  extend  to  two  or  more 
volumes. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
4.30.  Sunday  opening  is  contemplated  in  the  near  future.  The  number 
of  visitors  is  about  250,000  annually. 

ZOOLOGICAL    PARK. 

The  federal  government  and  city  jointly  maintain  a  zoological 
park  of  1 66  acres,  established  in  1890,  containing  124  reptiles,  713 
birds,  and  565  mammals. 

FLORIDA 

DELAND: 

JOHN  B.   STETSON  UNIVERSITY.     Monroe  Heath  Museum. 

This  museum  consists  of  collections  prepared  by  the  Ward  Natural 
Science  Establishment  of  Rochester,  New  York,  and  given  to  the 
university  by  Mrs.  Monroe  Heath  of  Chicago  as  a  memorial  to  her 
husband.  The  collections  comprise:  Minerals,  7 2 5±;  Rocks,  24O±; 
Paleontology,  325±,  including  casts  of  fossil  vertebrates;  Zoology, 
300±,  mostly  invertebrates.  In  addition  to  the  above  there  are  80 
Florida  birds,  the  gift  of  Mr.  John  B.  Stetson.  The  museum  is  intended 
for  teaching  and  study  purposes,  and  is  in  charge  of  John  F.  Baerecke, 
professor  of  biology  and  physiology. 


50  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ST.   AUGUSTINE: 

ST.  AUGUSTINE  INSTITUTE  OF  SCIENCE  AND  HISTORICAL 
SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  museum  begun  in  1884  and  now  filling 
seven  rooms.  The  collections  include  geology,  natural  history,  pre- 
historic implements  and  weapons,  and  material  relating  to  the  early 
history  of  Florida. 

GEORGIA 

ATLANTA: 

STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.     Curator,  S.  W.  McCallie. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    A  collection  of  203  Indian  relics. 

BOTANY.  200  specimens  of  Georgia  woods,  consisting  of  sections 
of  trees  showing  finished  and  unfinished  surfaces,  together  with  some 
finished  products;  and  an  economic  exhibit  of  fruits  and  grains  in 
glass  jars. 

EDUCATIONAL.     10  cases  with  exhibits  of  public  school  work. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  i25o± ;  Rocks,  on  exhibition, 
25o±;  Minerals  and  rocks,  in  storage,  iooo±;  Building  stones,  85 
eight-inch  cubes,  including  marble,  granite,  gneiss,  hornblende,  sand- 
stone, serpentine,  and  Caen  stone,  from  various  localities  in  the  state, 
uniformly  dressed  to  show  susceptibility  to  various  methods  of  finishing ; 
Marbles,  6  slabs  from  the  quarries  at  Tate;  Georgia  ores,  149  specimens; 
Clays,  etc. 

PALEONTOLOGY.     iooo±  specimens  on  exhibition. 

ZOOLOGY.  An  economic  exhibit  of  injurious  insects,  contained 
in  6  large  cases. 

The  above  collections  occupy  the  corridors  of  the  third  floor  of 
the  state  capitol,  and  are  under  the  charge  of  the  state  geologist. 
,They  are  open  free  to  the  public  daily,  except  Sundays,  from  8  to  5. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  140  acres,  established  in 
1892,  containing  10  reptiles,  132  birds,  and  91  mammals. 

MACON: 

MERCER  UNIVERSITY. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  the  collections  of 
this  university,  which  is  said  by  Merrill  to  include  500  Indian  utensils 
and  weapons,  about  600  botanical  specimens,  2500  fossils,  1000  rocks 
and  several  thousand  minerals,  1000  specimens  of  economic  geology, 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  51 

and  a  small  collection  of  meteorites  including  the  Stewart  and  Putnam 
County  stones  (both  described  in  the  "American  Journal  of  Science"). 
There  are  also  about  600  zoological  specimens. 

OXFORD: 

EMORY  COLLEGE. 

The  museum  of  Emory  College  is  in  charge  of  H.  H.  Stone,  curator, 
and  is  made  up  largely  of  Japanese,  Chinese,  and  Indian  curios,  to- 
gether with  war  relics,  200  fossils,  5000  minerals,  and  a  collection  of 
Georgia  birds  made  rather  for  classroom  use  than  for  strictly  museum 
purposes. 

HAWAII 

HONOLULU: 

BERNIGE  PAUAHI   BISHOP  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Director,  William  T.  Brigham;  Honorary  curator  of 
mollusca,  William  H.  Dall;  Curator  of  Polynesian  ethnology,  John 
F.  G.  Stokes;  Curator  of  Pulmonata,  C.  Montague  Cooke;  Honorary 
curator  of  entomology,  Otto  H.  Swezey;  Assistant  in  botany,  Charles 
N.  Forbes;  Librarian,  E.  Schupp;  Artist  and  modeler,  John  W.  Thomp- 
son; 2  printers,  and  2  janitors. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  foreign,  275;  Ethnology,  native, 
4992,  foreign,  3417.  There  are  on  exhibition  5  ethnological  groups 
with  casts  from  life.  There  are  also  a  Hawaiian  native  grass  house  and 
a  model  of  a  Hawaiian  temple. 

ART.  Prints  and  engravings,  50;  Oil  paintings,  44;  Water  colors, 
n. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  3104,  including  27  types  and  figured 
specimens;  Phanerogams,  2959,  including  105  types  and  figured  speci- 
mens. There  are  also  5ooo±  duplicate  and  additional  specimens,  and 
420  specimens  of  economic  botany. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  125,  in  storage,  50;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  522,  in  storage,  2oo±.  Special  mention  may  be  made  of 
a  model  of  Kilauea  volcano. 

HISTORY.     Mission  history,  2 5 ;  Modern  Hawaiian  history,  178. 

PALEONTOLOGY.     Invertebrates,  410. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  55,ooo±,  in  storage,  2oo,ooo±, 
types  and  figured  specimens,  35o±;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  8268,  in 
storage,  6135;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  865,  in  storage, 
520;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  292  painted  casts,  in  storage,  3000^,  types 
and  figured  specimens,  105;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  43,  in  storage,  98; 


52  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Birds,  on  exhibition,  464,  in  storage,  4259,  types  and  figured  specimens, 
144;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  45.  There  are  4  large  and  7  small  groups 
of  animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings.  Of  these,  2  Hawaiian 
bird  groups  (Phaethon  lepturus  and  Nycticorax  nycticorax  ncevius)  are 
especially  noteworthy. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  founding  of  the  Bishop  Museum 
resulted  from  an  unwritten  agreement  between  three  Hawaiian  prin- 
cesses, Mrs.  Bernice  Pauahi  Bishop,  Princess  Ruth  Keelikolani,  and 
Queen  Emma,  widow  of  Kamehameha  IV,  to  bequeath  their  respective 
collections  as  material  for  a  museum  of  Kamehameha  relics.  The  final 
establishment  of  the  museum  was  made  possible  by  the  munificence 
of  the  Hon.  Charles  Reed  Bishop,  who  in  1889  provided  funds  for  the 
housing  of  these  three  collections.  At  this  time  other  collections  were 
purchased  by  Mr.  Bishop  as  follows:  ethnological  collections  of  J.  S. 
Emerson  and  G.  H.  Dole  from  Hawaii,  of  Eric  Craig  from  Polynesia 
and  Melanesia,  and  a  choice  Papuan  collection  made  in  German  New 
Guinea;  also  an  extremely  valuable  collection  of  Hawaiian  birds  made 
by  Mr.  Mills.  In  1891  the  collections  of  the  Hawaiian  government 
museum  were  loaned  to  the  Bishop  Museum.  In  the  same  year  Mr. 
Bishop  transferred  the  museum  to  the  gentlemen  then  acting  as 
trustees  of  the  Bernice  P.  Bishop  estate,  and  provided  an  endowment 
consisting  of  land  valued  at  $40,000  and  $30,000  in  6  per  cent  govern- 
ment bonds.  In  1894  the  Hawaiian  provisional  government  deposited 
the  royal  feather  robe,  crown,  and  thrones  in  the  museum.  In  1895 
the  large  and  varied  Pacific  collection  of  the  American  board  of  com- 
missioners for  foreign  missions  was  loaned  to  the  museum  and  later 
purchased  by  Mr.  Bishop.  In  1896  control  of  the  museum  passed  into 
the  hands  of  the  Bernice  P.  Bishop  museum  trust.  At  this  time  Mr. 
Bishop  added  property  to  the  value  of  $203,000  to  the  endowment  of 
the  museum,  and  in  the  following  year  he  made  a  further  endowment 
of  $92,000. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  income  of  $35,000  a  year  from  its 
endowment.  , 

BUILDING.  The  first  building  was  erected  in  1890  at  a  cost  of 
$66,700,  defrayed  by  Mr.  Bishop.  In  1894  an  additional  building  was 
erected  by  Mr.  Bishop  at  a  cost  of  $77,200.  In  1903  a  new  Hawaiian 
hall  was  erected  by  Mr.  Bishop  at  a  cost  of  $126,300.  A  building 
designed  to  provide  laboratories  and  storerooms  is  about  to  be  erected. 
There  is  at  present  17,312  square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for 
exhibition, and  5200 for  offices,  etc.  Of  the  latter,  2800 square  feet  will 
be  converted  to  exhibition  space  on  completion  of  the  new  laboratory. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  53 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  board  of 
trustees. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  purposes  of  the  museum  are  research  and 
exploration. 

LIBRARY.  8000  volumes  and  pamphlets  of  a  scientific  character 
intended  for  the  use  of  the  staff. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Occasional  Papers,  containing  annual  reports 
and  research  articles.  Of  this  series  two  complete  volumes  have  been 
issued  and  two  others  are  in  course  of  publication  at  the  end  of  1909. 
(2)  Memoirs,  devoted  to  research  articles.  Two  complete  volumes  of 
this  series  have  been  issued.  (3)  Fauna  Hawaiiensis,  three  volumes 
issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  Friday 
and  Saturday  of  each  week.  The  attendance  for  1909  was  11,846. 

BOARD     OF     COMMISSIONERS     OF     AGRICULTURE     AND 
FORESTRY. 

This  board  is  the  agricultural  department  of  the  territory  of 
Hawaii,  and  although  it  does  not  maintain  a  formal  museum  it  has 
working  collections  of  insects  and  a  growing  herbarium.  The  insect 
collection  consists  of  approximately  10,000  specimens  representing 
2500  species  and  including  6  type  specimens  of  Aleyrodidae  and  3  of 
Coccidae.  There  are  also  about  5000  unmounted  specimens.  Special 
attention  is  paid  to  Coleoptera  and  Coccidae. 

The  herbarium  consists  of  approximately  800  cryptogams  and  6100 
phanerogams  including  6  types  of  genera. 

There  is  also  a  library  of  about  10,000  volumes  related  especially 
to  entomology,  forestry,  and  botany,  and  including  a  somewhat  exten- 
sive collection  of  tropical  and  subtropical  floras  and  manuals  of  botany. 

The  collections  and  library  are  open  free  to  the  public  for  reference, 
and  special  assistance  is  given  those  desiring  to  carry  on  particular 
jnvestigations. 

DAMON  PRIVATE  MUSEUM. 

Mr.  S.  M.  Damon  has  on  his  estate  of  Moanalua  a  series  of  about 
500  ethnological  specimens,  mostly  native,  and  about  35  pictures, 
including  oils,  water  colors,  and  engravings.  These  are  arranged  for 
the  purpose  of  exhibition  in  two  native  grass  houses  which  are  open 
free  to  the  public  on  Saturday  afternoons. 

HAWAIIAN    SUGAR    PLANTERS'  ASSOCIATION.     Experiment 
Station. 

The  insect  cabinets  of  the  station  contain  about  5000  specimens  of 


54  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

local  insects  and  about  6000  specimens  of  foreign  insects  in  addition  to 
5000-10,000  unmounted  specimens.  These  collections  are  chiefly  of 
economic  importance.  The  foreign  insects  are  from  regions  where 
sugar  cane  is  grown,  viz:  Mexico,  Fiji,  Australia,  Malasia,  and  China. 
There  are  700-800  type  specimens  which  will  probably  eventually  be 
deposited  in  the  United  States  National  Museum.  The  library  of 
the  station  contains  over  1000  volumes  on  entomology. 

ST.  LOUIS  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  collection  of  ethnological  and  natural  history 
specimens. 

IDAHO 

MOSCOW: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  IDAHO. 

The  university  museum  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  1906,  with  the 
exception  of  the  mineral  collections.  There  is  now  no  central  museum 
and  such  collections  as  exist  are  distributed  among  the  scientific 
departments. 

ILLINOIS 

BLOOMINGTON: 

ILLINOIS  WESLEYAN   UNIVERSITY.     Powell   Museum. 

This  museum  was  established  in  1852  with  1700  specimens,  col- 
lected in  the  Rocky  Mountains  by  Major  J.  W.  Powell,  to  which  has 
been  added  the  Lichtenthaler  collection  of  shells  and  algae.  The  mus- 
eum now  comprises  40,000  labeled  specimens  on  exhibition,  and  about 
100,000  more  accessible  for  study.  In  ethnology,  there  are  large  col- 
lections of  Zuni  and  Moqui  utensils,  articles  of  dress,  etc. ;  and  utensils 
of  the  cliff  dwellers  and  mound  builders.  In  botany,  there  are  1000 
cryptogams  and  6000  phanerogams.  Geology  and  paleontology  are 
represented  by  good  general  collections.  In  zoology,  there  are  10,000, 
species  of  shells,  a  collection  of  insects,  600  birds,  200  mammals,  etc. 

McLEAN  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  collection  of  about  250  objects  of  histor- 
ical interest,  a  library  of  about  600  volumes,  a  large  collection  of  por- 
traits and  photographs  of  pioneers  and  distinguished  men  of  McLean 
County,  and  about  100  unpublished  manuscripts.  These  collec- 
tions have  been  housed  in  the  society's  room  in  the  McLean  County 
court  house  since  1903  and  are  under  the  care  of  Milo  Custer,  custodian. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  55 

CARLINVILLE: 

BLACKBURN   COLLEGE.     Taylor   Museum. 

The  collections,  which  occupy  one  floor  of  Robertson  Hall,  were 
donated  to  the  college  by  Dr.  Julius  S.  Taylor  in  1882.  They  contain 
25,000  fossils,  representing  nearly  every  epoch  throughout  the  pale- 
ozoic and  mesozoic  eras,  and  a  large  part  of  the  Van  Cleve  corals 
figured  in  the  Indian  report;  8000  minerals;  500  Indian  relics;  and 
small  working  collections  in  botany  and  zoology. 

CHICAGO: 

ART  INSTITUTE  OF  CHICAGO. 

STAFF.  Director,  Wm.  M.  R.  French;  Assistants  to  the  director, 
Bessie  Bennett,  Lucy  Driscoll;  Secretary  to  the  director,  C.  H.  Burk- 
holder;  Librarian,  Mary  Van  Home;  Assistant  librarian,  Edna  Fair- 
child;  Reference  librarian,  Nancy  Adis;  Department  of  stereopticon 
slides,  Edith  Emerson;  i  stenographer,  i  door-cashier,  10  guards, 
5  gallery-men,  13  janitors,  6  engineers,  and  i  office  boy. 

ART.  Sculpture,  147 2 ±  objects,  including  very  large  collections 
of  reproductions  in  marbles  and  plaster,  metal  work,  bronzes,  fragments, 
medals,  plaquettes;  Prints  and  engravings,  500;  Framed  drawings, 
186;  Oil  paintings,  452;  Water  colors,  25;  Ceramics,  38g±;  Textiles, 
i623±  pieces;  Egyptian,  Greek,  and  Roman  antiquities,  54  cases  (an 
important  department);  Ivory  carvings,  ioo±  (loaned);  Musical 
instruments,  m±  (loaned),  28  (owned);  Oriental  art,  jades,  crystals, 
lacquer,  shrine,  enamel,  porcelain,  numerous  small  objects,  717. 
Among  the  more  notable  exhibits  may  be  mentioned:  The  Field  col- 
lection of  41  pictures,  representing  chiefly  the  Barbizon  school  of 
FrencK  painters;  13  works  of  the  highest  value  by  old  masters  of  the 
Dutch  school,  from  the  Demidoff  collection;  the  Albert  A.  Munger 
collection  of  paintings;  and  the  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Samuel  M.  Nickerson 
collection  of  fine  Japanese,  Chinese,  and  East  Indian  objects  of  art, 
and  of  modern  pictures. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Art  Institute  had  its  beginning  in  a 
school  of  art  practice,  established  in  Chicago  in  1886,  and  soon  after 
organized  into  the  Chicago  Academy  of  Design.  After  serious  strug- 
gles, a  new  organization  was  formed,  called  at  first  the  Chicago  Acad- 
emy of  Fine  Arts,  but  subsequently  changed  to  the  Art  Institute  of 
Chicago,  and  incorporated  in  1879.  The  present  building  was  formally 
opened  as  a  museum  on  December  8,  1893. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  institute  has  the  following  sources  of 
income:  from  endowment,  $20,000;  from  the  city,  $65,000,  comprising 


56  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

the  one-fourth  mill  tax  from  the  South  Park  district;  from  the  school 
of  the  institute,  $71,000;  from  memberships,  $35,000;  from  admission 
fees,  $6887;  from  the  sale  of  publications,  $2213.80. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1892-3  at  a  cost  of  $1,000,000,  paid  for 
by  voluntary  subscription  and  by  a  sum  of  $200,000  from  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition.  About  62,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  is 
available  for  exhibition  purposes,  45,189  for  school  purposes,  and 
11,310  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  During  1897  a  lecture  room,  seating 
500  persons,  was  built  and  presented  as  a  memorial  to  Alexander  N. 
Fullerton  by  his  son.  In  1900-01  the  Ryerson  Library  was  built  and 
presented  by  Martin  A.  Ryerson.  In  1903  Blackstone  Hall  was  com- 
pleted and  is  now  occupied  by  the  great  portals  of  French  cathedrals 
and  historic  sculpture. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  an  executive  committee  appointed  by  the 
trustees,  who  are  elected  by  a  board  of  governing  members. 

SCOPE.  A  school  of  drawing,  illustration,  painting,  sculpture, 
normal  instruction,  and  designing  is  a  vital  part  of  the  institution  and 
is  said  to  be  the  most  comprehensive  and  the  largest  school  of  fine  arts 
in  the  United  States.  It  occupies  the  ground  floor  of  the  building  and 
its  pupils  number  about  2700  each  year,  including  105  of  the  Chicago 
School  of  Architecture,  which  is  an  alliance  formed  between  the  Art 
Institute  and  the  Armour  Institute  of  Technology.  The  school  main- 
tains day,  evening,  Saturday,  and  summer  classes,  and  includes  upon 
its  staff  8  officers  and  assistants,  50  teachers,  and  30  student  teachers. 
The  galleries  are  arranged  and  intended  for  the  instruction  and  enter- 
tainment of  the  general  public  and  their  influence  is  furthered  by  special 
exhibits  and  the  exhibition  of  important  loan  collections.  The  giving 
of  lectures  also  forms  a  part  of  the  activity  of  the  institute. 

LIBRARY.  6540  volumes  and  a  large  collection  of  pamphlets, 
photographs,  Braun  autotypes,  and  lantern  slides,  on  subjects  relating 
to  the  fine  arts,  and  accessible  to  students  of  the  school  and  to  the 
general  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Bulletin,  issued  quarterly.  (2)  General  cata- 
log of  the  permanent  collection.  (3)  Catalogs  of  passing  exhibitions. 
(4)  The  Scammon  Lectures,  published  from  time  to  time.  (5)  A 
school  catalog,  published  annually. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  daily  from  9  to  5.  On  Wednesdays,  Satur- 
days, and  Sundays,  admission  is  free;  on  other  days  an  entrance  fee 
of  25  cents  is  charged,  except  to  members,  their  families  and  out-of- 
town  guests,  children  under  10  years  of  age,  teachers  of  the  public 
schools, -and  exhibiting  artists. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  57 

CHICAGO  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES. 

STAFF.  Curator-in-charge,  Frank  C.  Baker;  Honorary  curators, 
T.  C.  Chamberlin  (general  geology),  Stuart  Weller  (paleontology), 
Oliver  C.  Farrington  (mineralogy),  E.  J.  Hill  (botany) ;  Ornithologist 
and  taxidermist,  Frank  M.  Woodruff;  i  museum  aid,  2  office  assistants, 
and  3  janitors,  who  also  act  as  guards  on  Sundays,  holidays,  and  other 
special  occasions. 

BOTANY.  A  general  herbarium  of  about  10,000  specimens, 
mostly  local. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  1634,  in  storage,  9036 ;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  268,  in  storage,  297;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps, 
models,  etc.,  125;  Economic  geology,  488.  Economic  exhibits  are  a 
feature  of  this  department  and  special  collections  of  this  sort  include 
gems  and  gem  minerals,  iron  and  steel,  asbestos,  aluminum,  carbo- 
rundum, radium  and  radio-activity. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  2ooo±,in  storage, 
i8,7oo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  200;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
50,  in  storage,  25,  types  and  figured  specimens,  i ;  Plants,  on  exhibition, 
500,  in  storage,  iooo±.  These  collections  include  a  nearly  complete 
collection  of  Niagara  fossils  from  the  Chicago  region,  containing  about 
30  type  specimens;  a  mounted  skeleton  of  Elephas  columbi,  partly 
restored;  the  Dr.  John  H.  Britts  Missouri  coal  plants,  part  of  the 
basis  for  monograph  37,  United  States  Geological  Survey;  the  William 
C.  Egan  Chicago  and  Mississippi  Valley  collection,  containing  types 
of  Weller  and  Miller. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  12,691,  in  storage,  147,000^, 
types  and  figured  specimens,  25oo±;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  4ooo±,  in 
storage,  30,000=!=,  types  and  figured  specimens,  2;  Other  invertebrates, 
on  exhibition,  iooo=t,  in  storage,  2ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens, 
i ;  Fishes,'  147 ;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  23,  in  storage,  150;  Reptiles, 
on  exhibition,  80,  in  storage,  305;  Birds, on  exhibition,  900,  in  storage, 
4ioc=t;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  147,  in  storage,  232;  Eggs  and  nests, 
on  exhibition,  100,  in  storage,  25oo±.  These  exhibits  include  exten- 
sive local  collections  of  mollusks,  birds,  fossils,  and  minerals.  The 
exhibit  of  economic  mollusks  includes  800  specimens.  50  small  and 
7  large  groups  of  animals  are  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

SCHOOL  LOAN  COLLECTIONS.  Birds,  18  collections,  comprising 
about  100  specimens,  and  about  300  Ian  tern  slides;  Mammals,  i  collec- 
tion of  6  specimens;  Fishes,  i  collection  of  4  specimens;  Mollusks,  300; 
Insects,  50;  Microscopic  sections  of  Illinois  shrubs  and  trees,  300; 
Industries,  10  collections  comprising  about  200  specimens.  The  col- 


58  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

lections  are  arranged  in  sets  in  wooden  transportation  boxes  of  varying 
sizes. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Organized  in  1857,  incorporated  in  1859, 
charter  secured  by  the  state  legislature  in  1865 .  A  small  museum  was 
first  started  in  a  room  on  the  corner  of  Clarke  and  Lake  Streets.  In 
1864,  more  commodious  quarters  were  secured  in  the  Metropolitan 
block.  Two  years  later  the  exhibits  were  seriously  damaged  by  fire, 
and  in  1868  a  fireproof  museum  building  was  erected  at  265  Wabash 
Avenue.  In  1871,  the  museum  building,  with  its  contents,  was  totally 
consumed  in  the  conflagration  which  destroyed  the  greater  portion 
of  Chicago.  It  is  estimated  that  not  less  than  300,000  specimens  were 
stored  in  the  building,  many  of  them  being  priceless  in  value.  The 
following  notable  collections  were  destroyed :  The  Bishoff  and  Western 
Union  Telegraph  Expedition  Alaskan  material;  the  Smithsonian 
collection  of  Crustacea,  10,000  jars  containing  types  of  Dana,  Stimpson, 
and  others;  the  invertebrates  of  the  United  States  North  Pacific 
Exploring  Expedition,  containing  many  undescribed  types;  the  Stimp- 
son collection  of  marine  shells,  numbering  about  8000  specimens;  and 
the  United  States  Coast  Survey  collection  of  deep  sea  Crustacea  and 
mollusks,  dredged  in  the  Gulf  Stream  by  M.  Pourtales,  arid  loaned  for 
description.  In  addition,  the  library,  the  manuscripts  of  Dr.  Stimpson, 
and  almost  the  entire  edition  of  the  early  transactions  were  destroyed. 
A  new  set  of  buildings  was  promptly  erected  on  the  burned  site,  and 
the  lenders  of  the  funds  were  secured  by  a  mortgage  on  the  property. 
The  financial  depression  following  the  year  1873  reduced  the  income  of 
the  academy  to  such  an  extent  that  it  was  not  able  to  meet  its  obliga- 
tions, and  in  1886  the  property  was  transferred  to  the  holder  of  the 
mortgage.  Until  1892  the  collections  were  provided  with  exhibition 
and  storage  rooms  at  the  Inter-state  Exposition,  but  when  that  building 
was  taken  down  the  collections  were  placed  in  storage  until  the  present 
building  was  erected  in  Lincoln  Park  and  opened  to  the  public  on 
October  31,  1894. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  possessed  the  following 
sources  of  income  in  1909:  from  endowment,  $6000;  city,  $5000  (this 
amount  is  paid  annually  and  is  fixed  by  mutual  contract  with  the  park 
board);  membership,  $400;  sale  of  publications,  etc.,  $60.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  annual  income,  amounts  varying  from  a  few  dollars  to  $5000 
have  been  donated  at  various  times  for  specific  purposes.  The  park 
commissioners  heat,  light,  and  clean  the  building  without  expense  to 
the  academy. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  59 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1893  at  a  cost  of  $100,000,  of  which  $75,000 
was  the  gift  of  Matthew  Laflin,  and  $25,000  the  gift  of  the  commis- 
sioners of  Lincoln  Park,  who  also  provided  the  site  for  the  building. 
About  12,530  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  available  for  exhibition  pur- 
poses, and  10,540  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator-in-charge,  who  is  responsible  to 
a  board  of  trustees. 

SCOPE.  The  efforts  of  the  academy  are  especially  directed  toward 
an  exposition  of  the  natural  resources  of  Illinois  and  the  adjoining 
portions  of  the  Mississippi  Valley.  The  material  gathered  by  the  natur- 
al history  survey  of  the  academy,  organized  in  1892,  is  a  notable 
feature  of  the  local  collections.  As  aids  to  the  instruction  of  the  general 
public,  there  are  exhibits  illustrating  the  home  life  and  habits  of  ani- 
mals, and  the  economic  uses  of  natural  materials;  also  the  employment 
of  numerous  descriptive  labels,  pictures,  and  models;  and  the  giving 
of  courses  of  popular  lectures.  Public  school  work  is  aided  by  loan 
collections  of  specimens  and  slides,  by  lectures  to  school  children,  and 
by  instruction  of  school  teachers.  Exploration  and  research  are  car- 
ried on  by  the  staff,  the  present  subject  of  investigation  being 
fresh-water  and  post-glacial  mollusca,  deep-well  borings  of  Chicago, 
flora  of  the  Chicago  region,  and  paleontology  of  the  Niagara  limestone. 

LIBRARY.  29,778  books  and  pamphlets  of  a  general  scientific 
character,  intended  for  use  of  the  staff  and  members  of  the  academy. 
The  public  may  consult  the  library  under  certain  restrictions. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Early  Proceedings,  i  volume  issued.  (2) 
Transactions,  2  volumes  issued.  (3)  Bulletins,  3  volumes  issued.  (4) 
Bulletins  of  the  Natural  History  Survey,  7  volumes  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
5  and  on  Sundays  from  i  to  5.  The  attendance  for  the  year  1909  was 
over  300,000.  It  is  noteworthy  that  the  academy  is  said  to  hold  third 
place  in  this  respect,  its  museum  attendance  being  exceeded  only  by 
the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History  in  New  York  and  by  the 
United  States  National  Museum  in  Washington. 

CHICAGO    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY.     (Dearborn   Avenue    and 
Ontario   Street.) 

This  society  maintains  a  historical  collection  including  relics  of 
the  mound  builders  and  Indians;  portraits  of  discoverers  and  explor- 
ers of  the  Mississippi  Valley  and  the  "Old  Northwest"  territory, 
Indian  chiefs,  pioneers,  state  governors,  early  residents  of  Chicago,  and 
members  of  the  society;  historical  models;  paintings,  prints,  and  photo- 


60  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

graphic  views  of  historic  sites;  and  miscellaneous  relics  of  local  inter- 
est. This  museum  was  founded  at  the  time  of  the  organization  of  the 
society  in  1856,  with  the  object  of  illustrating  as  fully  as  possible  the 
subjects  of  which  the  library  treats.  Much  discrimination  has  been 
exercised  in  the  selection  of  objects  for  exhibition,  and  they  are  exten- 
sively used  by  archeologists  and  by  study  classes  from  the  schools. 

The  museum  occupies  about  1234  square  feet  of  floor  space  in 
the  society's  building,  is  in  charge  of  the  librarian,  who  is  responsible 
to  a  committee  on  collections,  and  shares  with  the  library  and  lectures 
a  maintenance  fund  of  approximately  $14,000  annually,  obtained  from 
endowment  and  membership  fees.  A  library  of  150,000  volumes,  pam- 
phlets, and  manuscripts  on  the  history  of  the  central  west  is  accessible 
to  the  public  in  connection  with  the  collections.  The  annual  report  of 
the  museum  is  included  in  the  year  book  of  the  society.  The  museum 
is  open  free  to  the  public  on  every  week-day. 

CHICAGO  SCHOOL  OF  CIVICS  AND  PHILANTHROPY.     Social 
Museum.    (35  Dearborn  Street.) 

This  museum  was  incorporated  in  November,  1904,  as  the  Muni- 
cipal Museum  of  Chicago,  and  opened  to  the  public  in  February, 
1905,  in  two  large  rooms  of  the  Chicago  Public  Library.  The  collections 
include  exhibits  in  the  form  of  maps,  models,  photographs,  designs, 
charts,  stereoscopic  views,  etc., illustrating  foreign  and  American  cities, 
and  a  civic  reference  library  of  some  600  titles.  In  the  department  of 
geography,  a  series  of  200  maps,  charts,  and  diagrams,  and  200  photo- 
graphs, illustrate  the  geography  of  the  Chicago  region  and  the  indus- 
tries which  grow  out  of  it.  A  valuable  group  of  industrial  material  in- 
cludes the  Essen  exhibit  of  workingmen's  dwellings  and  factory  hygiene, 
plans  of  municipal  workingmen's  houses  presented  by  the  city  of 
Liverpool,  and  maps,  plans,  photographs,  and  graphic  statist'cs  from 
Munich,  Dresden,  Cologne,  London,  Manchester,  Boston,  and  Chi- 
cago. 

During  the  first  two  years  of  its  existence  the  museum  presented 
ii  exhibitions  in  city-making,  entertained  84  conferences  for  discus- 
sions of  public  questions,  gave  more  than  500  free  illustrated 
addresses,  and  also  acted  as  a  bureau  of  civic  information.  The  aver- 
age daily  attendance  was  400-500,  and  on  program  days  it  amounted 
to  1500-2000. 

Changes  at  the  library  forced  the  removal  of  the  museum  and  it 
is  now  stored  at  Hull  House  and  the  University  of  Chicago.  In  1909, 
ownership  of  the  museum  was  transferred  to  the  Chicago  School  of 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  6 1 

Civics  and  Philanthropy,  and  present  plans  for  its  use  include  the  util- 
ization of  the  material  for  recurrent  public  civic  exhibitions  and  for 
loan  exhibitions,  controlling  the  material  in  storage  by  means  of  in- 
dices at  the  school. 

COUNCIL  FOR  LIBRARY  AND  MUSEUM  EXTENSION. 

A  conference,  organized  in  November,  1909,  by  the  leading  libraries 
and  museums  of  Chicago  as  a  basis  for  systematic  and  comprehensive 
cooperative  effort  on  the  part  of  these  institutions  to  extend  their 
facilities  to  the  largest  possible  number  of  people  in  the  entire  com- 
munity. The  council  is  now  engaged  in  furthering  plans  for  issuing  a 
handbook  to  the  educational  and  recreational  resources  of  Chicago. 
This  is  to  be  prepared  in  newspaper  style  and  it  is  hoped  that  a  quarter 
of  a  million  copies  may  be  issued  for  free  distribution  through  various 
agencies  in  the  city.  The  council  meets  at  the  Chicago  Public  Library 
on  the  second  Friday  of  each  month. 

FIELD  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY. 

STAFF.  Director,  Frederick  J.  V.  Skiff;  Curators,  George  A. 
Dorsey  (anthropology),  Charles  F.  Millspaugh  (botany),  Oliver  C. 
Farrington  (geology),  Charles  B.  Cory  (zoology);  Assistant  curators, 
S.  C.  Simms,  Berthold  Laufer,  and  Albert  B.  Lewis  (ethnology), 
Charles  L.  Owen  (archeology),  Jesse  M.  Greenman  (botany),  Henry 
W.  Nichols  (geology),  Elmer  S.  Riggs  and  Arthur  W.  Slocum  (paleon- 
tology), Seth  E.  Meek,  William  J.  Gerhard,  Edward  M.  Gueret,  and 
Wilfred  H.  Osgood  (zoology) ;  Modelers,  C.  A.  Gardner  (anthropology), 
B.  E.  Dahlgren  (botany) ;  Preparators,  O.  E.  Lansing,  Jr.,  H.  H.  Smith, 
R.  A.  Dixon,  and  W.  H.  Beardsley  (botany),  J.  B.  Abbott  and  C.  T. 
Kline  (geology),  S.  F.  Hildebrand,  William  Buettner,  A.  B.  Walcott, 
and  A.  W.  Henn  (zoology) ;  Preparator  and  artist,  J.  A.  Burt  (anthropol- 
ogy); Preparator  and  field  assistant,  Fay  C.  Cole  (anthropology); 
Taxidermists,  Leon  L.  Pray,  Julius  Freisser,  William  Heim,  and  Philip 
Heim  (zoology) ;  Recorder,  D.  C.  Davies;  Assistant  recorder,  B.  Bridge; 
Librarian,  Elsie  Lippincott;  Assistant  librarian,  E.  M.  Wilcoxson. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  65,712, 
foreign,  665;  Ethnology,  native,  24,778,  foreign,  35,720.  Civilized 
peoples,  ancient,  24, 539,  modern,  5  7  56;  Life-size  ethnological  groups,  10; 
Miniature  ethnological  groups,  7;  Models,  without  human  figures,  n. 

The  more  notable  collections  in  ethnology  are:  The  Stanley  Mc- 
Cormick  Hopi  material;  Edward  E.  Ayer  collection  of  North  Ameri- 
can Indian  material;  Robert  F.  Cummings  Philippine  material;  Mrs. 
T.  B.  Blackstone  collection  from  China  and  Thibet;  Joseph  N.  Field 


62  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

German  New  Guinea  collection;  R.  Parkinson  German  New  Guinea 
collection ;  G.  F.  Emmons  collection  from  Alaska ;  H.  N.  Higinbotham 
collection  from  Korea;  Hassler  collection  of  feather  work,  etc.,  from 
Indians  of  Paraguay;  Remenyi  collection  from  South  Africa;  Pogoski 
collection  from  Siberia ;  various  collections  from  the  northwest  coast  of 
North  America,  and  from  California. 

The  more  notable  collections  in  archeology  are:  The  Montez, 
Harris,  and  Dorsey  Peruvian  collections;  United  States  Colombian 
collection  of  gold,  earthenware,  and  stone;  Allison  V.  Armour  collec- 
tion of  Mexican  antiquities;  Martin  A.  Ryerson  collection  of  Swiss 
Lake  material;  Johnson  collection  of  reproductions  of  Irish  antiqui- 
ties; originals  and  reproductions  of  ancient  Italian  bronzes;  Cyrus  H. 
McCormick  collection  from  Chile;  material  from  Hopewell  Group  of 
Mounds,  Ohio;  Charnay  casts  of  Central  American  sculpture;  Wyman 
collection  of  copper  implements;  Zavaleta  collection  of  Argentine 
archeology;  Riggs  collection  from  the  southern  states;  and  various 
collections  from  Egypt. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  300,000  phanerogams  and  ferns,  includ- 
ing 25oo±  types  and  figured  specimens;  a  small  herbarium  of  crypto- 
gams ;  and  economic  collections  which  are  said  to  be  the  most  complete 
and  important  in  the  country.  Among  special  collections  may  be 
mentioned  the  herbarium  of  Dr.  Arthur  Schott,  including  plants  from 
the  Isthmus  of  Darien  and  the  United  States  boundary  survey,  and  his 
Yucatan  and  Hungarian  series;  the  M.  S.  Bebb  collection,  comprising 
the  largest  representation  of  the  genus  Salix  in  this  country;  the  Harry 
N.  Patterson  collection,  with  its  complete  representation  of  the  plants 
of  Gray's  'Manual'  and  its  full  sets  of  Curtiss,  Pringle,Cusick,  Chapman, 
Hall  and  Harbour;  the-H.  J.  Wahlstedt  collection,  comprising  his  very 
complete  series  of  Chara,  Viola,  Epilobium,  and  Scandinavian  plants; 
the  Dr.  J.  T.  Rothrock  collection,  rich  in  the  plants  of  the  early  surveys 
west  of  the  Mississippi;  the  Charles  F.  Millspaugh  collection,  particu- 
larly valuable  for  the  complete  and  type-compared  representation  of 
the  genus  Euphorbia',  and  the  Arthur  A.  Heller  collection.  It  also 
contains  the  Gaumer  Yucatan  plants  and  the  plants  of  the  two  Allison 
V.  Armour  expeditions.  The  dendrology  collection  represents  a  large 
number  of  countries  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  6500,  in  storage,  9500;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  1000,  in  storage,  1600;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps, 
models,  etc.,  on  exhibition,  2400,  in  storage,  500;  Meteorites,  500; 
Economic  geology,  on  exhibition,  10,000,  in  storage,  5000.  The  eco- 
nomic series  is  one  of  the  largest  in  the  world,  especially  notable  for  the 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  63 

size  of  the  specimens  and  the  number  of  foreign  localities  represented. 
Special  mention  may  be  made  of  the  Higinbotham  collection  of  gems 
and  gem  minerals,  one  of  the  most  valuable  in  the  world;  the  Chalmers 
crystal  collection ;  the  collection  of  meteorites,  containing  specimens  of 
300  falls  with  notable  ones  from  Long  Island,  Brenham,  Canyon  Diablo 
and  Tonopah;  reproductions  of  limestone  and  gypsum  caves;  a  model 
of  the  moon,  19  feet  in  diameter;  and  200  specimens  of  polished  slabs 
illustrating  different  ornamental  stones,  chiefly  marbles  and  granites. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  27,000,  in  storage, 
31,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  53;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
650,  in  storage,  500,  types  and  figured  specimens,  n ;  Plants,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 470,  in  storage,  550.  These  collections  are  installed  as  a  division 
of  geology  and  classified  stratigraphically.  They  include  mounted 
skeletons  and  restorations  of  many  of  the  larger  reptiles  and  mammals. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2o,ooo±,  in  storage,  i5,ooo±; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  3660,  in  storage,  ioo,ooo±,  types,  425;  Other 
invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  1200 ±,  in  storage,  4ooo±;  Fishes,  on 
exhibition,  1021,  in  storage,  36,950,  types,  73;  Batrachians,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 79,  in  storage,  1946,  types,  3;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  119,  in 
storage,  3475,  types,  4;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  2000,  in  storage,  45,ooo±, 
types,  85;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  710,  in  storage,  16,000,  types, 
108;  Bird  eggs,  on  exhibition,  1183,  in  storage,  io,ooo±;  Skeletons,  on 
exhibition,  206,  in  storage,  210;  Skulls,  214;  Casts  and  glass  models, 
275.  There  are  21  large,  and  18  small,  groups  of  birds  and  small 
mammals  and  68  groups  of  fishes  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 
Notable  among  the  collections  are  the  C.  B.  Cory  collection  of  birds 
from  North  America  and  the  West  Indies;  the  collection  from  East 
Africa,  made  by  the  museum's  East  African  expedition;  and  a  collec- 
tion of  North  and  Central  American  bird  skins. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Established  in  1894,  at  the  close  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition,  by  the  gift  of  $1,000,000  from  Marshall 
Field,  who  bequeathed  the  institution  a  further  $8,000,000  at  his  death 
in  1906 — $4,000,000  for  the  erection  of  a  permanent  building,  and 
$4,000,000  for  endowment.  The  nucleus  of  the  exhibition  material  was 
gathered  by  gift  and  purchase  at  the  exposition.  Most  of  this  material, 
however,  has  since  been  rearranged,  readapted,  or  discarded. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Income  from  endowment  of  $4,000,000 
from  Marshall  Field,  and  $1,200,000  donated  by  different  individuals; 
and  $35,000  from  other  sources.  The  citizens  of  Chicago  have  con- 
firmed legislative  provision  for  the  levy  of  a  tax  for  the  maintenance 
of  the  museum  when  a  new  building  shall  have  been  erected,  which  it 
is  estimated  will  eventually  produce  about  $100,000  per  annum. 


64  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BUILDING.  The  museum  now  occupies  the  temporary  building 
erected  for  fine  arts  in  Jackson  Park,  the  exposition  site.  This  building 
covers  nine  acres  and  there  is  in  connection  with  it  a  well-equipped 
printing  shop,  a  large  two-story  taxidermy  section,  illustration  studios, 
assaying  and  lapidary  rooms,  etc.  Plans  have  been  drawn  for  the  erec- 
tion of  a  permanent  building  to  cost  $4,000,000,  made  possible  by  the 
Marshall  Field  bequest. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trustees. 
The  entire  museum  records,  accession  system,  historical  files,  publica- 
tions, and  supplies  are  in  charge  of  a  recorder. 

SCOPE.  The  activities  of  the  museum  include  expeditions  to  all 
parts  of  the  world  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  study,  exhibition,  and 
exchange  material;  investigations  conducted  by  members  of  the  staff, 
the  results  being  published  by  the  museum;  the  maintenance  of  study 
collections;  and  instruction  of  the  general  public,  especially  by  free 
lectures. 

LIBRARY.  50,000  books  and  pamphlets  of  a  scientific  character, 
designed  for  reference  only,  and  intended  primarily  for  the  use  of  the 
staff.  The  public  is  admitted  to  the  general  reading  room  and  books 
may  be  consulted  upon  application  to  the  librarian. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Results  of  expeditions,  investigations,  and  re- 
searches have  been  published  from  time  to  time. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  public  daily  (except  Thanksgiving  and 
Christmas)  from  9  to  4,  except  Saturdays  and  Sundays  during  June, 
July,  and  August,  when  the  hour  of  closing  is  5.30.  Admission  is  free 
Saturdays  and  Sundays.  On  other  days  an  entrance  fee  of  25  cents  is 
charged,  children  under  12,  10  cents.  Teachers  and  scholars  are  ad- 
mitted free  at  all  times.  The  attendance  for  the  year  ending  Septem- 
ber 30,  1908,  was  218,682. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CHICAGO.     Educational  Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  I.  B.  Meyers;  Assistant  curator,  Wade  McNutt. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Dress  and  implements  of  North  American 
Indians,  100  pieces;  Indian  pottery,  ancient  and  modern,  25  pieces; 
Pottery,  glass,  etc.,  from  the  Isle  of  Cyprus,  200  pieces;  Models  of 
primitive  Philippine  implements,  15  pieces;  Textiles  and  pottery  from 
ancient  Egypt,  30  pieces;  Costumes  (modern)  of  foreign  peoples, 
100  pieces. 

BOTANY.  Models  of  flowers,  50;  Economic  botany,  including 
commercial  cereals,  fibers,  food  plants,  etc.,  300  specimens. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  65 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  450,  in  storage,  800;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  250,  in  storage,  1000;  Dynamic  geology,  on  exhibition, 
150,  in  storage,  600;  Economic  geology,  300. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage, 
500;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  250,  in  storage,  300. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  250,  in  storage,  900;  Insects,  on 
exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  1500;  Other  invertebrates,  chiefly  coral, 
200;  Fishes,  15;  Batrachians,  6;  Reptiles,  14;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  200, 
in  storage,  350;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  40,  in  storage,  20;  Bird 
eggs,  225;  Skeletons,  25.  There  are  25  small  groups  illustrating  the 
life-history  and  homes  of  animals. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Established  in  1900.  A  considerable  por- 
tion of  the  material  is  collected  by  students  in  visits  to  commercial 
and  industrial  centers,  and  in  field  study;  the  remainder  is  acquired  by 
purchase  and  gift, 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    General  university  funds. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  who  is  responsible  to  the  direc- 
tor of  the  school  of  education. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  purpose  of  this  museum  is  to  formulate  the 
relation  of  materials  to  practical  teaching  in  elementary  and  secondary 
school  work  and  to  instruct  students  and  student  teachers  in  a  more 
intelligent  use  of  the  larger  private,  municipal,  state,  and  national 
museums,  in  their  relation  to  public  education. 

Students  collect  the  material,  and  the  working  up  of  a  well-selected, 
well-arranged  collection  is  placed  on  the  same  basis  as  any  other  type 
of  school  work.  Limited  instruction  is  given  to  student  teachers  in 
collecting  and  arranging  materials  for  the  building  up  of  local  school 
museums.  All  materials,  except  when  exceedingly  fragile  or  rare,  are 
circulated  in  the  classrooms. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  during  school  days  and 
hours. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CHICAGO.     Haskell  Oriental  Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  James  Henry  Breasted;  Assistant  director, 
Edgar  J.  Goodspeed;  Curators,  James  Henry  Breasted  (Egypt), 
Ira  M.  Price  (Assyro-Babylonia),  E.  G.  Hirsch  (Syria-Palestine); 
i  assistant  and  stenographer,  and  i  janitor. 

ORIENTAL  ARCHEOLOGY.  About  10,000  specimens  in  Egyptian, 
Assyrian,  Babylonian,  and  Palestinian  archeology.  The  Egyptian 
collection  embraces  9000  numbers,  including  sculpture,  painting, 
inscriptions,  and  miscellaneous  products  of  the  arts  and  crafts  in  metal, 
wood,  ivory,  stone,  fayence,  clay,  textiles, etc.  Among  the  documents 


66  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

are  papyri  and  ostraka.  The  Assyro-Babylonian  collection  embraces 
1000  numbers,  including  clay  tablets  and  various  products  of  the 
craftsman.  The  Palestinian  collection  is  chiefly  educational.  A  loan 
collection  belonging  to  Dr.  Edmund  Buckley  well  covers  Japanese 
Buddhism  and  Shinto.  The  museum  possesses  several  valuable  Pali 
manuscripts,  and  a  series  of  East  Indian  paintings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  collections  were  begun  by  the  present 
director,  who  spent  the  winter  of  1894-5  in  Egypt  laying  the  founda- 
tion of  the  Egyptian  collection.  Since  then  the  museum  has  been  in 
almost  constant  connection  with  some  research  enterprise  in  the  field 
of  the  hither  Orient.  With  the  organization  of  the  Oriental  Explora- 
tion Fund  of  the  University  of  Chicago,  the  Assyro-Babylonian  collec- 
tion has  also  received  valuable  accessions. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  shares  the  general  budget  of 
the  university.  The  collections  are  largely  due  to  private  subscrip- 
tions from  members  of  the  Chicago  Society  of  Egyptian  Research  and 
from  subscribers  to  the  Egypt  Exploration  Fund.  The  finds  of  the 
Oriental  Exploration  Fund,  which  has  an  income  of  $10,000  a  year,  are 
presented  to  the  museum. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1895-6,  at  a  cost  of  $100,000,  the  gift  of 
Mrs.  Caroline  E.  Haskell. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  University  of 
Chicago  board  of  museums. 

SCOPE.  The  chief  purpose  of  the  museum  is  research  and 
exploration,  but  the  collections  are  used  also  for  teaching  purposes  in 
the  university. 

LIBRARY.  Over  18,000  volumes,  devoted  chiefly  to  history, 
archeology,  philology,  paleogeography ,  and  theology,  and  used  by 
members  of  the  staff  and  students  of  the  university. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  reports  of  field  work  (Oriental  Exploration 
Fund)  appear  in  the  "American  Journal  of  Semitic  Languages." 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CHICAGO.    Walker  Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  T.  C.  Chamberlin;  Curators,  R.  D.  Salisbury 
(geography  and  geology),  S.  W.  Williston  (vertebrate  paleontology), 
Stuart  Weller  (invertebrate  paleontology),  W.  H.  Emmons  (economic 
geology  and  mineralogy),  Frederick  Starr  (anthropology);  Associate 
curator,  W.  F.  E.  Gurley  (paleontology);  Assistant  curator, Paul  Miller 
(vertebrate  paleontology). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    General  collections  in  archeology  and  ethnology, 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  67 

400,000  specimens,  including  the  following  loan  collections:  Ryerson 
collection  in  Mexican  archeology,  3000  pieces;  Ryerson  collections 
from  the  cliff  dwellings  and  cave  houses  of  Utah,  accompanied  by  a 
series  of  photographs;  Clement  collection  from  Japan,  containing  art 
work  in  lacquer  and  porcelain,  and  an  interesting  series  of  articles 
used  in  the  curious  doll's  festival.  The  material  collected  by  Frederick 
Starr  among  the  Ainu  of  Japan  and  the  native  tribes  of  the  Congo  Free 
State  is  on  display  temporarily. 

GEOLOGY.  General  collections  illustrating  structural  phenomena 
and  the  modes  of  action  of  dynamic  agencies;  a  systematic  series  of 
fossils  arranged  on  a  stratigraphic  basis  illustrating  the  successive 
faunas  and  floras;  a  large  series  of  models,  maps,  and  photographs; 
a  large  series  of  ores  and  other  mining  products,  representing  the  lead- 
ing mining  districts  of  the  United  States  and  of  many  foreign  countries ; 
a  systematic  series  of  minerals  arranged  for  the  illustration  of  lectures; 
igneous,  sedimentary,  and  metamorphic  rocks  in  systematic  series, 
together  with  special  collections  of  igneous  rocks  from  a  number  of 
localities  in  western  America  and  Europe.  The  private  mineral  collec- 
tion of  Mr.  W.  C.  E.  Seeboeck  is  also  on  exhibition. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  arranged  for  reference  purposes 
only,  rich  in  material  from  the  paleozoic  horizons,  including  about 
3500  type  specimens.  Important  collections  are  the  James  Hall 
collection,  the  Gurley  collection,  the  James  collection,  the  Washburn 
collection,  the  Weller  collection,  the  Sampson  collection,  the  Faber 
collection,  the  Haines  collection,  the  Basseler  collection  of  Bryozoa 
and  Ostracoda,  and  the  Van  Home  collection. 

Vertebrate  fossils  include  important  series  of  the  American  Per- 
mian reptiles,  triassic  reptiles  and  amphibians,  Niobrara  cretaceous 
birds,  reptiles,  and  fishes,  with  considerable  material  from  the  Laramie 
cretaceous  and  White  River  oligocene. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  by  Mr. 
Geo.  C.  Walker  of  Chicago,  in  1893. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Maintained  by  funds  supplied  by  the  trus- 
tees of  the  university. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1893, at  a  cost  of  $130,000, by  the  founder. 
There  is  15,600  square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition, and 
5200  for  storage.  About  half  of  the  building  is  temporarily  occupied 
by  other  departments  of  the  university,  but  will  ultimately  be  available 
for  the  museum. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  University  of 
Chicago  board  of  museums. 

SCOPE.  The  collections  are  intended  chiefly  for  the  purposes  of 
investigation  and  college  teaching. 


68  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

PUBLICATIONS.  Contributions  from  the  Walker  Museum,  7 
numbers  of  the  first  volume  issued.  These  are  reprints  of  paleontologi- 
cal  papers  published  in  the  "Journal  of  Geology." 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days.  No 
statistics  of  attendance,  which  is  confined  chiefly  to  students  of  the 
university. 

ZOOLOGICAL    PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  20  acres,  established  in 
1868,  containing  15  reptiles,  643  birds,  and  436  mammals. 

DECATUR: 

JAMES  MILLIKEN  UNIVERSITY— DEC ATUR  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  small  art  museum  used  primarily  for  teaching 
purposes  in  the  School  of  Applied  and  Fine  Arts.  It  also  has  a  biologi- 
cal and  geological  collection  of  about  3000  specimens  in  connection 
with  the  School  of  Liberal  Arts;  and  small  museums  in  connection  with 
the  departments  of  domestic  science  and  art,  engineering,  and  com- 
merce and  finance. 

ELGIN: 

ELGIN  SCIENTIFIC  SOCIETY. 

The  secretary  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a  museum,  but 
no  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  further  informa- 
tion regarding  the  collections,  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  consist 
principally  of  local  geological  specimens,  with  a  limited  amount 
from  Colorado,  California,  and  elsewhere,  and  a  collection  of  shells 
and  corals. 

EVANSTON: 

EVANSTON  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  in  connection  with  its  library  of  2000  books 
and  pamphlets  dealing  with  local  and  northwestern  history,  a  collec- 
tion of  historical  relics,  maps,  charts,  pictures,  photographs,  etc., 
which  is  housed  in  the  society's  rooms  in  the  public  library  building, 
and  is  open  to  the  public  during  library  hours,  from  9  to  9. 

NORTHWESTERN  UNIVERSITY-COLLEGE  OF  LIBERAL  ARTS. 

The  college  has  a  museum  which  was  said  by  a  former  curator  to 
contain  3000  fossils;  22,000  minerals  and  rocks;  28,000  specimens  in 
zoology,  including  3000  birds,  700  reptiles  and  batrachians,  900  fishes 
and  1 8,000  shells ;  a  herbarium  of  20,000  specimens ;  and  8000  specimens, 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  69 

in  ethnology.  The  present  curator,  Dr.  U.  S.  Grant,  reports  that 
most  of  this  material  is  in  storage  and  that  no  details  are  at  present 
available. 

NORTHWESTERN  UNIVERSITY— GARRETT  BIBLICAL  INSTI- 
TUTE.    Bennett  Museum  of  Christian  Archeology. 

STAFF.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Alfred  Emerson,  acting  direc- 
tor, with  the  cooperation  of  the  authorities  of  the  institute. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  collections  include  the  following  original 
antiquities  of  the  early  Christian  period;  9  fragments  of  marble  relief 
sculptures;  19  inscriptions  on  marble,  and  fragments;  15  terra  cotta 
lamps;  i  lead  sling  shot  of  the  ist  century  B.  c. ;  80  intaglios  and  coins, 
gold,  silver,  and  bronze.  There  are  04  facsimile  and  other  plaster 
casts,  partly  pagan  and  partly  Christian,  including  a  large  prototype 
reproduction  of  the  St.  Hippolytus,  and  of  2  fine  sculptured  sarcophagi 
at  the  Lateran  Museum,  Rome.  There  are  4  plastic  models  of  Greek, 
Roman,  and  Frankish  soldiers;  4  colored  plaster  architectural  models 
and  i  of  colored  wood;  4  wooden  and  19  terra  cotta  models  of  utensils; 
8  models  of  military  weapons  and  costumes,  of  metal,  cloth,  leather, 
etc. ;  10  electrotype  copies  of  antique  jewels,  altar  plate,  and  a  classical 
frieze; -3  topographical  models  of  Palestine,  Acropolis,  and  Rome; 
i  triumphal  quadriga  of  Emperor  Constantine,  one-quarter  life,  ori- 
ginal composition;  and  3oo±  mounted  photographs. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  is  the  result  of  an  anonymous 
gift  of  $16,000  made  in  memory  of  the  late  Charles  E.  Bennett,  a 
former  professor  in  the  institute,  and  of  his  great  interest  in  early 
Christian  antiquities  and  archeology. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  a  well-lighted  hall,  affording 
about  2000  square  feet  of  floor  space,  and  part  of  the  second-story 
stairway  of  the  fireproof  memorial  building  of  the  institute,  on  the 
grounds  of  Northwestern  University.  The  hall  is  elaborately  decor- 
ated, by  graduates  of  the  Art  Institute  of  Chicago,  working  under  Dr. 
Emerson's  direction,  with  a  series  of  44  mural  and  ceiling  composi- 
tions, re-enlarged  and  adapted  from  Monsignore  Wilpert's  colored 
reproductions  of  the  Roman  catacomb  frescos.  The  subjects  selected 
extend  from  the  2nd  to  the  4th  century,  A.  D. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  confines  its  work  almost  exclusively  to 
early  Christian  archeology.  It  desires  to  cooperate  with  other  museums 
in  placing  duplicate  and  multiple  orders  for  difficult  plastic  reproduc- 
tions abroad. 

LIBRARY.    A  beginning  of  an  archeological  library  has  been  made. 


70  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public,  upon  application  to  the 
librarian,  on  week-days  from  8  to  12  and  2  to  6,  except  Monday  morn- 
ing and  Saturday  afternoon. 

Northwestern  University  also  has  a  small  collection  of  ceramics 
and  art  in  charge  of  the  University  Guild;  and  museum  collections  in 
connection  with  the  Medical  School,  the  School  of  Pharmacy,  and  the 
Dental  School,  in  Chicago. 

SWEDISH  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  AMERICA.     (Orrington 
Avenue  and  Lincoln  Street.) 

The  society  has  a  small  historical  collection  as  the  nucleus  of  a 
museum. 

GALESBURG: 

KNOX  COLLEGE.     Hurd  Museum. 

STAFF.     Curator,  H.  V.  Neal,  who  is  also  professor  of  biology. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  foreign,  200;  Ethnology,  foreign, 
250. 

ART.  Sculpture,  6;  Prints  and  engravings,  1500;  Oil  paintings,  6. 
.  BOTANY.  A  herbarium  containing  5000  phanerogams  and  500 
cryptogams. 

GEOLOGY.    Minerals,  7000;  Rocks,  3000. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  4000;  Vertebrates,  25;  Plants, 
300. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  6000;  Insects,  5000;  Other  invertebrates,  1000; 
Fishes,  200;  Batrachians,  50;  Reptiles,  25;  Birds,  600;  Mammals,  100. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Hurd  Museum  was  begun  as  a  private 
collection  by  Albert  S.  Hurd,  professor  of  natural  science  in  Knox 
College,  and  was  bequeathed  to  the  college  at  his  death. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    Occasional  gifts  from  friends  of  the  college. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  a  room  in  the  main  college 
building. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  trustees  of 
the  college. 

SCOPE.    Used  chiefly  for  teaching  purposes. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  occasionally  to  the  public. 

JOLIET: 

JOLIET  TOWNSHIP  HIGH  SCHOOL. 

The  school  maintains  a  natural  history  museum  rich  in  local 
material,  especially  fungi,  cretaceous  and  other  fossils,  land  shells,  seeds 
and  fruits.  The  collections  are  in  charge  of  Willard  N.  Clute,  curator 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  7 1 

and  head  of  the  department  of  biology,  and  Louise  M.  Hird,  assistant, 
and  occupy  about  1500  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition  in  the 
school  building.  For  lack  of  space  only  about  half  of  the  collections  are 
on  view  at  any  one  time,  but  the  exhibits  are  changed  frequently.  The 
museum  is  intended  primarily  for  the  use  of  pupils  in  the  school  but 
is  open  free  to  the  public  during  school  days. 

LAKE  FOREST: 

LAKE    FOREST    COLLEGE. 

The  college  possesses  a  very  good  collection  of  local  birds,  and 
small  collections  in  geology,  including  a  good  set  of  the  Guelph  group 
of  Niagara  fossils  from  Port  Byron,  Illinois,  and  a  collection  of  the 
Mazon  Creek,  Illinois,  ferns. 

LINCOLN: 

JAMES    MILLIKEN    UNIVERSITY— LINCOLN    COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  museum  not  exceeding  500  or  600  specimens. 

NAPERVILLE: 

NORTHWESTERN   COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  general  collections  in  charge  of  L.  M.  Umbach, 
curator,  and  including  anthropology,  geology,  paleontology,  and 
zoology,  with  especially  extensive  collections  in  botany,  including  a 
herbarium  of  about  35,000  plants,  chiefly  American.  The  museum 
occupies  about  2800  square  feet  of  floor  space  on  the  upper  floor  of  the 
main  college  building  and  is  supported  from  the  general  funds  of  the 
college.  It  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  Fridays  but  no  statistics  of 
attendance  are  available. 

PEORIA: 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

This  park,  occupying  i  acre,  was  established  in  1900  and  contains 
2  reptiles  and  28  mammals. 

ROCK  ISLAND: 

AUGUSTANA   COLLEGE.     Museum. 

The  museum  comprises  several  distinct  collections  as  follows, 
About  5000  specimens  in  zoology,  collected  chiefly  by  Dr.  Josua  Lindahl: 
a  notable  feature  being  a  fairly  complete  collection  of  land  and  fresh- 
water shells  from  Sweden;  a  herbarium  of  over  2000  specimens,  the 
nucleus  being  formed  by  a  collection  of  plants  from  Sweden,  donated 


72  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

by  Dr.  A.  R.  Cervin;  about  10,000  specimens  in  geology  and  paleon- 
tology, including  the  McMaster  collection  of  local  geology  and  mate- 
rial collected  by  the  present  curator.  The  museum  is  intended  for 
teaching  purposes  in  the  college,  and  is  in  charge  of  J.  A.  Udden,  cura- 
tor. 

SPRINGFIELD: 

ILLINOIS  STATE  HISTORICAL  LIBRARY  AND  SOCIETY. 

A  collection  of  articles  of  local  historical  interest  is  maintained  in 
connection  with  the  library,  the  Lincolniana  being  the  most  important 
material.  The  library  and  collection  occupy  a  part  of  the  third  floor 
of  the  capitol  and  are  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  legal 
holidays,  from  9  to  5. 

STATE  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY. 

STAFF.  Curator,  A.  R.  Crook;  Assistant  curator,  Fannie  Fisher; 
i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    Archeology,  native,  1850  specimens. 

BOTANY.    A  herbarium  of  about  2000  sheets. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Collections  of  building  stones,  clays, 
soils,  and  other  products  are  in  process  of  preparation. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  1000;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  2000,  in  storage^  500;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps, 
models,  etc.,  100.  These  collections  comprise  chiefly  Illinois  material. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  12,000,  in  storage, 
25,000,  types,  600;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  3150;  Plants,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 600,  in  storage,  2000.  More  than  4000  species  of  the  inverte- 
brates are  described  and  of  these  fully  3000  are  figured.  Many  verte- 
brates are  described  and  figured.  Much  of  the  material  was  collected 
during  the  geological  survey  of  the  state.  * 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2818,  in  storage,  400;  Insects, 
4394;  Fishes,  40;  Batrachians,  10;  Reptiles,  46;  Birds,  575;  Mammals, 
65 ;  Bird  eggs,  969,  nests,  81.  i  large  and  2  small  groups  of  animals  are 
exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Established  in  1851  as  a  part  of  the  state 
geological  survey.  In  1877,  the  survey  having  been  discontinued,  the 
State  Historical  Library  and  Natural  History  Museum  was  created 
with  A.  H.  Worthen  as  curator.  In  1889  the  library  and  museum 
became  separate  institutions. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  optional  appropriations  from  the  state, 
amounting  to  $6450  per  annum  for  the  past  ten  years. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  73 

BUILDING.  '  About  6000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition, 
and  2000  for  offices  and  workrooms,  is  occupied  by  the  museum  in  the 
state  arsenal  building. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trustees, 
consisting  of  the  governor,  the  secretary  of  state,  and  the  superinten- 
dent of  public  instruction. 

SCOPE.  The  maintenance  of  local  collections,  instruction  of  the 
general  public,  and  research  are  the  chief  purposes  of  the  museum. 
Popular  lecture  courses  are  given  and  arrangements  are  being  made  for 
other  activities,  such  as  the  distribution  of  specimens  to  high  schools, 
etc. 

LIBRARY.  4000  bound  volumes  and  1000  pamphlets  on  geology 
and  general  natural  history,  intended  primarily  for  use  of  the  staff  but 
accessible  to  the  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,     (i)  First  Geological  Survey  of  Illinois,  1857. 

(2)  Geological  Survey  of  Illinois,  8  volumes  issued  from  1866  to  1890. 

(3)  Economic  Geology  of  Illinois,  3  volumes  issued,  1882.     (4)  Bulle- 
tins, 12  issued  from  1882  to  1897.    (5)  i  Circular  and  i  Report  of  His- 
torical Library  and  Natural  History  Museum,  1889.     (6)  Reports, 
3  issued,  1902,  1907,  1908.     (7)  History  of  Illinois  State  Museum  of 
Natural  History,  1907. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  holi- 
days, from  9  to  5.  An  annual  attendance  of  about  30,000. 

STERLING: 

WHITESIDE  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  possesses  collections  including  minerals,  labeled  but 
not  classified;  shells;  reptiles;  birds;  historical  relics  and  portraits; 
prints  and  engravings  of  local  interest.  These  are  housed  in  the 
society's  rooms  in  the  city  hall  and  are  constantly  receiving  accessions 
by  gift. 

URBANA: 

UNIVERSITY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

The  university  maintains  museum  collections  in  connection  with 
its  various  departments  as  enumerated  below.  The  natural  history 
collections  have  been  recently  brought  together  in  a  new  building  where 
they  occupy  a  room  affording  2820  square  feet  of  floor  space  with  vari- 
ous halls  and  corridors  also  available  for  exhibition.  In  1909  a  curator 
was  appointed  for  the  first  time  and  this  department  is  now  in  charge  of 
Frank  Smith,  curator,  and  S.  Fred  Prince,  assistant.  The  natural 


74  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

history  museum  is  supported  by  an  annual  state  appropriation  of 
$2000,  supplemented  for  1910  by  a  university  appropriation  of  $4000 
to  cover  cost  of  moving  and  installation.  This  museum  is  open  free 
to  the  public  on  week-days  from  7  to  6. 

AGRICULTURE.  The  agricultural  departments  maintain  collec- 
tions illustrating  their  work,  prominent  among  which  are  those  show- 
ing typical  specimens  of  standard  varieties  of  corn;  wax  models  of 
fruits  and  vegetables;  an  extensive  horticultural  herbarium;  speci- 
mens of  live  stock;  a  collection  of  farm  machinery;  and  material 
il  ustrating  the  progress  of  investigations. 

ART.  The  University  Art  Gallery  is  the  gift  of  citizens  of  Cham- 
paign and  Urbana  and  is  devoted  primarily  to  a  collection  of  models 
for  art  students.  It  comprises  13  full-size  casts  of  celebrated  statues, 
40  statues  of  reduced  size,  and  a  large  number  of  busts  and  bas-reliefs 
making  in  all  over  400  pieces.  There  are  also  hundreds  of  large  auto- 
types, photographs,  and  fine  engravings,  representing  many  of  the 
great  masterpieces  of  painting  of  nearly  all  the  modern  schools;  and 
a  gallery  of  historical  portraits,  mostly  large  French  lithographs, 
copied  from  the  national  portrait  galleries  of  France.  There  are  also  a 
number  of  casts  of  ornaments  from  the  Alhambra  and  other  Spanish 
buildings  presented  by  the  Spanish  government;  a  set  of  casts  illus- 
trating German  renaissance  ornament;  a  series  of  art  works  from  the 
Columbian  Exposition;  and  miscellaneous  casts,  models,  prints,  and 
drawings. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  about  65,000  mounted  plants,  including 
a  practically  complete  series  of  the  indigenous  flowering  plants  of 
Illinois,  a  fair  representation  of  the  flora  of  North  America,  and  a 
considerable  collection  of  foreign  species.  There  are  about  32,000 
named  specimens  of  fungi. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  A  general  working  collection  given 
by  the  Philadelphia  Commercial  Museums. 

ENGINEERING.  Extensive  teaching  collections,  including  speci- 
mens of  material;  samples,  casts,  and  drawings  of  construction;  lan- 
tern slides,  books,  and  pamphlets;  etc.,  are  housed  in  various  rooms  in 
Engineering  Hall. 

GEOLOGY.  A  synoptic  collection  of  9000  specimens  of  rocks ;  1000 
thin  sections  of  rocks  and  minerals;  a  series  of  ornamental  building 
stones;  a  stratigraphic  collection  to  illustrate  Illinois  geology;  and 
a  collection  of  104  samples  of  Illinois  soils.  The  mineral  collection 
includes  over  12,000  minerals,  ores,  etc.;  575  crystal  models;  and  a 
considerable  collection  of  gems  and  precious  stones. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  75 

LIBRARY  ECONOMY.  An  exhibit  of  library  methods  and  adminis- 
tration prepared  by  the  library  school. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  49,000  representative  fossils,  including  the  A.  H. 
Worthen  collection  with  742  type  specimens;  the  Tyler,  McWhorter, 
and  Hertzer  collections;  the  greater  part  of  the  collections  made  by 
the  geological  survey  of  the  state  under  Worthen;  200  thin  sections  of 
corals;  the  Ward  collection  of  casts;  and  a  number  of  special  collec- 
tions representing  the  fauna  and  flora  of  particular  groups. 

PEDAGOGY.  Illustrative  material  from  manual  training  depart- 
ments of  various  schools;  photographs  of  school  buildings;  drawings 
and  constructive  work  by  public  school  pupils;  and  the  nucleus  of  a 
representative  collection  of  apparatus  for  the  school  laboratory.  This 
collection  is  in  University  Hall. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  2ooo±  species;  Insects,  the  Bolter  collection  of 
120,000  specimens,  representing  over  16,000  species;  Other  inverte- 
brates, many  alcoholics,  large  series  of  Blaschka  models,  etc. ;  Fishes, 
about  300  species  in  alcohol,  and  75  casts;  Batrachians  and  reptiles, 
not  enumerated;  Birds,  practically  complete  series  of  Illinois 
species,  and  about  125  foreign  species;  Mammals,  a  series  of  rumi- 
nants of  the  United  States,  with  representatives  of  other  orders. 

INDIANA 

BLOOMINGTON: 

INDIANA  UNIVERSITY. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  the  teaching  collections  of  the  university.  The  university 
catalog  shows  that  there  is  no  general  museum  and  that  the  most 
important  of  the  departmental  collections  are  the  Eigenmann  collec- 
tion of  several  thousand  species  of  fishes  and  a  collection  of  un worked 
paleontological  material  especially  rich  in  young  stages  of  brachio- 
pods  and  bryozoans. 

CENTERVILLE: 

WAYNE  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  secretary  reports  that  a  museum  is  maintained  in  charge  of 
Caleb  King,  curator.  No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests 
for  further  information. 

CRAWFORDSVILLE: 

WABASH  COLLEGE.     Hovey  Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  Mason  D.  Thomas. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  6000  specimens,  chiefly  relics  of  American 
Indians  and  the  mound  builders. 


76  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  containing  30,000  phanerogams  and  1500 
cryptogams,  especially  complete  in  North  American  species;  1000 
specimens  of  economic  products. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  2000;  Rocks,  1000;  Economic  series,  400 
specimens,  including  a  valuable  series  of  marbles  and  granites,  and  a 
series  of  iron  ores  with  their  furnace  products. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  4300  specimens;  300  casts  of  fossil  vertebrates 
(chiefly  from  Ward);  300  fossils  from  the  coal  measures;  500  crinoids, 
200  trilobites,  and  3000  corals,  brachiopods,  gastropods,  cephalopods, 
etc. ,  from  the  Keokuk  group  at  Crawf ordsville ;  fossil  fishes  from  Persia ; 
and  a  series  of  mammalian  fossils  from  California. 

The  illustrative  material  is  valuable  and  fairly  representative. 
The  series  of  fossils  is  carefully  arranged  to  portray  the  development 
of  life  from  early  primordial  times  to  the  present.  Some  groups  of 
devonian  and  sub-carboniferous  forms  are  well  represented,  and  have 
furnished  types  for  various  species  of  crinoids,  etc.,  for  which  the  beds 
in  the  near  vicinity  are  famous. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  1000;  Insects,  1000;  Other  invertebrates,  300; 
Fishes,  50;  Batrachians,  50;  Reptiles,  25;  Birds,  100;  Mammals,  40. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  by  Dr.  H. 
Hovey,  and  maintained  by  private  contributions  for  many  years. 
Later  purchases  have  been  made  by  the  college. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  $200  of  the  appro- 
priation for  the  department  of  biology,  and  occasional  gifts  from  other 
sources. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  board  of 
trustees  of  the  college. 

SCOPE.  The  collections  are  chiefly  used  for  teaching  purposes  in 
the  college. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public.  No  statistics  of  attend- 
ance are  available. 

CROWN  POINT: 

OLD  SETTLERS  AND  HISTORICAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  LAKE 
COUNTY. 

This  organization  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain  a  small  museum 
illustrating  pioneer  life  and  natural  history. 

FRANKLIN: 

FRANKLIN  COLLEGE.    Gorby  Collection. 

This  collection  is  used  primarily  for  college  teaching  but  is  also 
accessible  to  visitors.  It  is  carefully  labeled  and  cataloged  and  occupies 


BUFFALO  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  77 

a  large  well-lighted  room  in  the  main  building  of  the  college.  It  is  in 
charge  of  J.  W.  Adams,  professor  of  geology,  and  includes  about  300 
arrowheads,  axes,  and  other  relics  of  American  Indians,  and  300  speci- 
mens from  cliff  dwellings;  about  35,000  fossils,  mostly  Silurian, 
devonian,  or  carboniferous;  2000  shells,  several  hundred  echinoderms, 
200  Crustacea,  about  800  bird  eggs,  etc. 

GOSHEN: 

ELKHART  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  in  1896  and  occupies  a  room  in  the 
county  court  house,  where  it  maintains  a  historical  museum,  including 
about  400  Indian  stone  implements;  domestic  and  other  implements 
and  articles  used  by  early  settlers;  documents,  photographs,  and  local 
publications  of  early  date  relating  to  the  county;  a  cabinet  of  curios 
from  the  Philippine  Islands;  mastodon  tusks  and  elk  antlers  from  Elk- 
hart  County;  a  collection  of  military  relics  and  records;  etc.  There 
are  no  regular  funds  for  the  support  of  the  museum,  and  the  exhibi- 
tion cases  .have  been  provided  by  the  county. 

The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  5 . 

HANOVER: 

HANOVER  COLLEGE. 

No  reply  has  been  received  from  this  institution,  which  is  said  by 
Merrill  to  have  a  teaching  collection  of  500  geological  specimens, 
chiefly  local. 

INDIANAPOLIS: 

ART    ASSOCIATION    OF    INDIANAPOLIS.     John  Herron  Art 
Institute. 

The  John  Herron  Art  Institute  comprises  a  fine  arts  museum  and 
a  school,  each  having  its  own  building  on  grounds  at  Sixteenth  and 
Pennsylvania  Streets.  It  is  conducted  by  the  Art  Association  of 
Indianapolis,  to  which  funds  were  bequeathed  for  the  purpose  by 
John  Herron  in  1896.  These  funds  have  since  been  increased  by  other 
endowment.  Additional  income  is  derived  from  annual  dues  of  $10 
each  from  about  500  members  and  by  an  appropriation  of  about  $9000 
annually  from  the  school  board  of  Indianapolis.  The  institute  is 
administered  by  William  Henry  Fox,  director,  William  Coughlen, 
secretary  of  the  art  association,  and  Anna  E.  Turrell,  curator  of  the 
museum  and  school  property. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  museum  possesses  a  permanent  collection  of 
about  80  paintings;  some  casts;  and  a  collection  of  miscellaneous 


78  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

art  objects,  including  a  valuable  series  of  Chinese  robes  and  embroid- 
ery. The  active  life  of  the  institute  dates  from  November  20,  1906, 
when  the  museum  was  opened  to  the  public,  and  its  acquisitions, 
aside  from  the  painting  collection,  have  been  made  mainly  since  that 
time.  An  art  library  was  opened  in  1909  containing  about  300  books; 
periodicals  on  art  subjects;  about  400  prints,  etchings,  and  engravings; 
150  large  Braun  carbon  photographs  of  masterpieces  of  art;  a  collec- 
tion of  miscellaneous  photographs  of  art  and  architectural  subjects; 
and  a  very  good  collection  of  catalogs  of  public  and  private  collections, 
including  those  of  the  J.  Pierpont  Morgan  collection  of  paintings  and 
miniatures.  The  permanent  collection  of  paintings  is  contemporary  in 
character  and  is  mainly  of  American  art. 

BUILDING.  The  building,  erected  in  1906,  has  a  frontage  of  125 
feet  and  a  depth  of  80  feet.  It  encloses  three  sides  of  a  sculpture  court 
and  is  constructed  with  a  view  to  subsequent  enlargement.  The  first 
floor  has  the  administrative  offices,  the  library,  galleries  for  the  dis- 
play of  objects  in  cases,  and  the  sculpture  court.  On  the  second  floor 
are  top-lighted  galleries  for  paintings.  There  are  1 1  of  these  galleries 
in  all,  of  which  the  largest  has  a  floor  space  of  2100  square  feet. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  on  week-days  from  9  to  5, 
on  Sundays  from  i  to  6,  and  Wednesday  evenings  from  7.30  to  10. 
An  admission  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged  on  week-days  and  10  cents  on 
Sundays.  Occasional  free  days  are  appointed  by  the  directors. 

INDIANA   STATE  MUSEUM. 

This  museum  is  housed  in  the  state  house,  where  it  occupies  a 
floor  space  of  about  4200  square  feet.  It  is  devoted  to  the  geology  and 
natural  history  of  the  state,  and  the  state  geologist,  W.  S.  Blatchley, 
acts  as  curator.  The  only  assistant  is  a  janitor  or  custodian,  and  there 
are  no  special  funds  for  the  maintenance  of  the  museum.  The  collec- 
tions are  open  free  to  the  public  daily,  except  holidays,  from  8  to  5. 
The  attendance  is  large  but  statistics  are  not  available. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  INDIANAPOLIS— BUTLER  COLLEGE. 
The  college  maintains  teaching  collections,  including  stone  imple- 
ments from  the  United  States;  fossils  and  minerals;  land,  fresh-water, 
and  marine  shells;  invertebrates  in  alcohol  (largely  from  New  Eng- 
land); fresh-water  and  marine  fishes;  reptiles  and  amphibians.  The 
collections  occupy  about  1800  square  feet  of  floor  space,  and  are  in 
charge  of  H.  L.  Bruner,  professor  of  zoology. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  6  acres,   established  in 
1899,  containing  14  birds  and  61  mammals. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  79 

LAFAYETTE: 

PURDUE  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  collections  for  teaching  purposes  in 
connection  with  its  scientific  departments  as  follows:  Anthropology, 
1000  specimens.  Botany,  5000  phanerogams,  2000  cryptogams,  500 
specimens  of  seeds  and  economic  products.  Engineering,  a  railway 
museum  containing  a  number  of  historic  locomotives  and  other  mate- 
rial illustrating  railway  development  in  America.  Geology  and  paleon- 
tology, 1000  minerals  and  4000  fossils.  Zoology,  13,000  specimens, 
including  the  Scheuch  and  other  collections  comprising  about  6000 
mollusks;  the  Scheuch  collection  of  6000  coleoptera;  500  fishes;  the 
A.  W.  Butler  collection  of  reptiles  and  batrachians  of  Indiana;  and  an 
almost  complete  series  of  birds  and  mammals  of  Indiana,  numbering 
500  specimens. 

MARION: 

GRANT  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  secretary  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a  museum  in 
connection  with  the  library,  but  no  further  information  has  been 
received. 

NEWCASTLE: 

HENRY  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  in  1887.  In  1901  it  acquired  its  pres- 
ent building,  in  which  about  1000  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  devoted 
to  a  museum  and  a  historical  library.  The  scope  of  the  museum 
includes  the  aboriginal  life,  geology  and  mineralogy,  natural  history, 
history,  and  industries  of  Henry  County  and  vicinity.  The  library  at 
present  contains  500-800  volumes. 

NOBLESVILLE: 

HAMILTON  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

This  association  maintains  a  small  collection  of  historical  relics, 
etc.,  in  a  room  in  the  county  court  house.  The  expense  of  maintaining 
the  collections  up  to  $50  per  annum  is  borne  by  the  county. 

NOTRE  DAME: 

NOTRE  DAME  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  states  that  museum  collections  are  maintained 
but  has  not  replied  to  repeated  requests  for  further  information. 


80  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

RICHMOND: 

EARLHAM  COLLEGE.     The  Joseph  Moore  Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Allen  David  Hole;  i  student  assistant;  several 
student  attendants. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples :  Archeology,  native,  3 2oo± , 
foreign,  200±;  Ethnology,  native,  ioo±,  foreign,  ioo±.  Civilized 
peoples,  ancient,  5o±,  modern,  ioo±.  The  majority  of  the  archeo- 
logical  specimens  are  arrowheads  and  stone  implements  from  the  Ohio- 
Mississippi  Valley. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  containing  2oo±  cryptogams  and  ioo± 
phanerogams. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  About  200  specimens,  mostly  models, 
illustrating  the  pioneer  industries  of  the  Ohio  Valley. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  23oc±,  in  storage,  3oo±; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  iooo±,  in  storage,  300±;  i  relief  map;  Frag- 
ments of  the  " Homestead"  (Iowa),  and  the  "Kiowa"  (Kansas) 
meteorites. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  8ooo±,  in  storage, 
2ooo±,  type  specimen  of  Lepadocystis  (Lepadocrinus)  moorei  Meek; 
Vertebrates,  ioo±,  type  specimen,  a  mounted  skeleton  of  Castor oides 
ohioensis  Foster;  Plants,  400±.  There  is  a  mounted  skeleton  of  a 
mastodon. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  6ooo±,  in  storage,  iooo±; 
Insects,  30oo±;  Other  invertebrates,  ioco±;  Fishes,  2oo±;  Batra- 
chians,  ioo±;  Reptiles,  ioo±;  Birds,  noo±;  Mammals,  2oo±. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  beginning  of  the  museum  dates  from 
the  early  days  of  the  Friends'  Boarding  School  (now  Earlham  College), 
founded  in  1847;  it  at  first  consisted  of  a  few  fossils  and  minerals 
collected  for  the  purpose  of  instruction  in  geology.  The  present 
development  is  largely  due  to  the  efforts  of  Professor  Joseph  Moore 
from  1853  to  1905.  The  office  of  curator  of  the  museum  was  created  in 
1888,  and  Professor  Moore  was  appointed  to  the  place.  A  complete 
classified  list  of  all  specimens  is  now  in  preparation. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Chiefly  by  college  funds,  with  occasional 
subscriptions  from  other  sources. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  rooms  in  a  college  building, 
having  about  5500  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  about 
1000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  board  of 
trustees  of  the  college. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  8 1 

SCOPE.  The  collections  are  intended  chiefly  for  use  by  the  col- 
lege classes  but  some  emphasis  is  placed  upon  instruction  of  the  general 
public,  attendants  being  present  each  day  to  give  assistance  in  the 
examination  of  specimens,  and  classes  from  the  public  schools,  in 
charge  of  their  teachers,  are  made  welcome  at  the  museum. 

LIBRARY.  The  library  of  the  museum  is  merged  with  the  library 
of  the  college. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to 
12  and  from  i  to  5.  The  attendance  in  1908  was  3612. 

SOUTH  BEND: 

NORTHERN  INDIANA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  incorporated  in  1896  and  maintains  a  museum 
of  ethnological,  historical,  and  pioneer  objects,  and  a  library  of  8222 
volumes,  in  charge  of  George  A.  Baker,  secretary,  and  occupying 
9600  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  a  stone  building  owned  by  the  county. 
The  library  and  museum  are  open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  9  to  5. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  25  acres,  established  in 
1901,  containing  26  reptiles,  35  birds,  and  33  mammals. 

UPLAND: 

TAYLOR  UNIVERSITY.    Walker  Museum. 

No  reply  has  been  received  from  this  museum,  which  is  said  by 
Merrill  to  comprise  500  fossils,  1000  minerals,  100  mounted  birds  and 
mammals,  a  collection  of  local  plants  and  wood  specimens,  300  Indian 
relics,  and  a  collection  of  coins  and  postage  stamps. 

IOWA 

CEDAR  FALLS: 

IOWA  STATE  TEACHERS  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  a  museum  representing  the  natural  history 
of  Iowa.,  The  most  important  collections  consist  of  implements  of  the 
stone  age  gathered  from  mounds  in  the  vicinity.  The  museum  is 
used  primarily  for  instruction  of  public  school  teachers.  A  building 
is  now  being  erected  at  a  cost  of  $175,000  to  house  the  museum  and 
the  college  library. 

CEDAR  RAPIDS: 

IOWA  MASONIC  LIBRARY  AND  MUSEUM. 

This  is  said  to  be  the  only  library  building  ever  erected  by  a 
Grand  Lodge,  and  in  addition  to  a  very  extensive  Masonic  library 


82  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

contains  a  general  museum  including  natural  history  specimens  and 
articles  of  interest  in  connection  with  local  and  masonic  history. 

COLLEGE   SPRINGS: 
AMITY  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  in  connection  with  the  biological  laboratory, 
and  in  charge  of  the  instructor  in  biology,  collections  including  about 
200  specimens  of  wood  from  Page  County;  30  kinds  of  minerals  and 
150-200  kinds  of  rocks;  300  fossils;  and  about  200  zoological  specimens. 
This  material  is  largely  the  result  of  local  collections  made  by  students, 
with  gifts  from  alumni  and  friends  of  the  college.  The  museum  oc- 
cupies one  room  but  there  are  no  provisions  for  its  care  other  than  that 
given  by  students. 

DAVENPORT: 

DAVENPORT  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Acting  director,  E.  K.  Putnam;  Curator  and  acting 
librarian,  J.  H.  Paarmann;  Assistant  curator,  Sarah  G.  F.  Sheldon; 
Taxidermist,  John  Paddock;  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  23,500=^  foreign,  ioo±; 
Ethnology,  native,  1400,  foreign,  2oo±.  These  collections  include 
the  following  items:  1300  specimens  of  ancient  pottery  from  the 
lower  Mississippi  Valley,  15  from  the  upper  Mississippi  Valley,  and 
1 6  from  cliff  dwellings;  14,700  chipped  implements,  1200  pecked  imple- 
ments, 800  polished  implements  of  stone  from  the  upper  Mississippi 
Valley;  350  bone  implements  and  65  carved  pipes  from  mounds  of 
Iowa  and  Illinois;  2000  shell  beads,  50  miscellaneous  articles  of  shell, 
34  copper  axes,  300  copper  beads,  and  36  other  copper  articles  from 
Iowa  mounds;  2oo±  crania  from  mounds  of  Mississippi  Valley;  and 
iooo±  miscellaneous  mound  relics. 

BOTANY.  A  fairly  complete  herbarium  of  local  flowering  plants 
and  a  collection  of  log  specimens  illustrating  native  trees  of  Iowa. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Collections  illustrating  the  origin, 
cultivation,  manufacture,  uses,  etc.,  of  common  things. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  n,ooo±,  in  storage,  5ooo±; 
Rocks,  6oo±;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  3oo±; 
Economic  geology,  3OO±. 

HISTORY.     4oo±  specimens. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  6ooo±;  Vertebrates,  ioo±; 
Plants,  6ooo±. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  83 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  5oo±,  in  storage,  2o,ooo±; 
Insects,  i5,ooo±;  Other  invertebrates,  2ooo±;  Fishes,  ioo±;  Batra- 
chians,  12;  Reptiles,  ioo±;  Birds,  85o±;  Mammals,  60.  There  are 
also  42  mammal  heads,  147  pairs  of  horns,  300  sets  of  bird  eggs,  and 
100  skeletons  of  mammals. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Davenport  Academy  of  Natural  Sci- 
ences was  organized  in  1867  and  incorporated  in  1868;  the  present 
name  was  adopted  in  1903.  The  active  membership  has  grown  from 
50  in  the  first  year  to  300  at  present.  The  museum  was  begun  in 
1868  and  has  been  affiliated  with  the  public  schools  since  1902. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  academy  receives  $1644  annually 
from  endowment  and  $873  from  memberships. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1878  at  a  cost  of  about  $15,000  paid  by 
subscription,  the  building  affords  12,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for 
exhibition,  and  1200  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trustees. 

SCOPE.  One  of  the  primary  objects  of  the  museum  is  public 
school  work.  The  curator  supervises  the  nature  study  of  the  public 
schools  of  Davenport,  using  material  from  the  museum  for  illustration. 
Special  attention  is  also  given  to  the  maintenance  of  local  collections. 
Other  objects  of  the  museum  are  exploration,  research,  and  instruc- 
tion of  the  general  public.  An  annual  course  of  lectures  has  been 
maintained  since  1902. 

LIBRARY.  53,170  accessions,  of  which  about  6000  are  bound 
volumes,  are  accessible  to  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  academy  has  issued  12  volumes  of  Proceed- 
ings, beginning  in  1876. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  on  week-day  afternoons  and  on  the  first 
Sunday  a  f ternoon  in  each  month.  Admission  is  free  except  on  Monday, 
Tuesday,  and  Thursday  afternoons  when  a  fee  of  10  cents  is  charged. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1904,  containing  about  100  birds  and  34  mammals. 

DES   MOINES: 

HISTORICAL  DEPARTMENT  OF  IOWA.    Museum. 

The  museum  was  begun  in  1892  by  Charles  Aldrich,  founder  of 
the  department.  It  is  devoted  to  popular  and  research  collections 
covering  the  political  and  natural  history  of  Iowa  and  the  Middle 
West,  which  have  increased  rapidly  in  the  number  and  diversity  of 


84  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

objects.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  T.  Van  Hyning,  assistant  curator, 
under  the  direction  of  Edgar  R.  Harlan,  curator  of  the  department  and 
successor  to  the  founder  after  the  death  of  the  latter,  March  8,  1908, 
The  museum  is  now  being  organized  in  a  fireproof  building  recently 
completed  by  the  state  for  the  housing  of  the  department. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  50  acres,  established  in 
1896,  containing  6  birds  and  75  mammals. 

DUBUQUE: 

HERRMANN  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY. 

STAFF.  Archeologist,  Arthur  Herrmann;  Botanist,  Henry  Herr- 
mann; Librarian,  Rosalie  Herrmann;  Taxidermist,  Oscar  Herrmann. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native, 
20oo±;  Ethnology,  native,  2oo±,  foreign,  50.  Civilized  peoples, 
ancient,  2O±. 

ART.  Sculpture,  6;  Prints  and  engravings,  5o±;  Oil  paintings, 
9;  Water  colors,  20;  Ceramics,  25.  There  is  also  a  collection  of  mats 
and  basketry,  chiefly  from  the  Pacific  coast. 

BOTANY.  4oo±  pressed  plants  of  Dubuque  County;  200  plants 
from  Vancouver,  Philippines,  southern  California,  etc.;  50  mosses, 
lichens,  etc. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  5o±  specimens  illustrating  Illinois 
and  Wisconsin  mining  industries;  200  specimens  illustrating  the 
pearl  button  industry,  etc. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  8oo±;  Rocks,  5oo±;  Dynamic  geology, 
etc.,  20. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  30,000 ;  Vertebrates,  5000 ;  Plants 
1000. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  1000;  Insects,  300;  Other  invertebrates,  200; 
Fishes,  2;  Batrachians,  i;  Reptiles,  3;  Birds,  50;  Mammals,  10. 

The  museum  is  the  property  of  the  Herrmann  family.  It  was 
founded  about  1880  by  Richard  Herrmann  and  now  occupies  about 
800  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition  in  the  Herrmann  residence. 
It  is  open  free  to  the  public  and  is  much  used  by  teachers  and  scholars. 

FAYETTE: 

UPPER  IOWA  UNIVERSITY.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Guy  West  Wilson,  who  is  also  professor  of 
biology. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  8$ 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  120;  Ethnology,  native, 
250,  foreign,  120.  These  collections  include  a  few  American  prehis- 
toric remains  and  a  collection  from  the  Philippine  Islands. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  about  1000  phanerogams,  for  the  most 
part  from  northeastern  Iowa.  Collections  of  the  local  lower  flora  are 
in  process  of  formation. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  490;  Rocks,  100;  Dynamic  geology,  etc.,  50; 
Economic  collections,  100. 

PALEONTOLOGY.     Invertebrates,  285;  Vertebrates,  15;  Plants,  40. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  965;  Insects,  4  cases  for  demonstration; 
Other  invertebrates,  230;  Fishes,  120;  Batrachians  and  reptiles,  20; 
Birds,  62;  Mammals,  36;  Embryology,  25;  Bird  eggs,  75. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  founded  in  1857  and  has 
always  been  an  adjunct  of  the  chair  of  natural  sciences. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  From  the  funds  of  the  departments  of 
biology  and  geology. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  1500  square  feet  of  floor  space 
in  Science  Hall. 

SCOPE.     College  teaching  and  maintenance  of  local  collections. 

GRINNELL: 

GRINNELL   COLLEGE.     Parker   Museum   of   Natural   History. 

This  museum  occupies  a  part  of  Blair  Hall  and  comprises  botani- 
cal, geological,  paleontological,  and  zoological  collections,  used  pri- 
marily for  purposes  of  instruction,  but  open  free  to  the  public  on 
Saturday  afternoon  from  2  to  4. 

INDEPENDENCE: 

FREE  PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 

The  library  contains  a  museum  collection  in  temporary  charge  of 
S.  W.  Geiser,  including  the  Walker  collection  of  2000  mollusks,  and 
the  Geiser  collection  of  700  minerals.  It  is  intended  to  make  this 
collection  as  complete  a  representation  as  possible  of  the  local  fauna 
and  flora.  Plans  for  its  financial  support  are  now  being  considered. 

IOWA  CITY: 

STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  historical  collection  but  does  not  empha- 
size this  feature  of  its  work. 


86  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

STATE  UNIVERSITY  OF  IOWA. 

The  university  maintains  teaching  collections,  as  follows: 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  About  2000  specimens,  the  greater  number  from 
the  Philippines,  also  collections  representing  the  mound  builders, 
North  American  Indians,  Esquimaux,  and  Hawaiian  Islands. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  about  175,000  specimens,  in  charge  of 
Thomas  H.  McBride,  professor  of  botany,  and  B.  Schimick,  curator 
of  the  herbarium  and  assistant  professor  of  botany. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  30,000  specimens  including  good 
local  collections. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  noo  sets,  in  storage,  46  sets; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  500  boxes,  in  storage,  i2,5oo±,  including  several 
types  and  co-types;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition, 87 5, in  storage, 
28,ooo±,  including  about  300  types  and  co-types;  Fishes,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 3  skulls,  in  storage,  7ooo±;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  i,  in 
storage,  50;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  22,  in  storage,  5oo±;  Birds,  on 
exhibition,  1030,  in  storage,  10,550;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  345,  in 
storage,  47 5 .  There  are  4  large  and  6  small  groups  of  animals  exhibited 
in  natural  surroundings.  The  collections  in  anthropology  and  zoology 
constitute  the  museum  of  natural  history,  with  the  following  staff: 
Curator,  C.  C.  Nutting;  Assistant  curator,  H.  F.  Wickham;  Taxider- 
mist, Homer  R.  Dill;  Assistant,  Dayton  Stoner;  4  janitors,  engineer, 
etc.  The  museum  occupies  28,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibi- 
tion and  storage,  and  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8 
to  6,  and  on  two  evenings  in  each  week  until  10. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  collections  are  supported  by 
the  funds  of  the  university  through  the  departments  to  which  they  are 
related.  The  natural  history  museum  receives  about  $2000  annually 
for  taxidermy,  etc. 

MADRID: 

MADRID  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  collection  of  local  historical  relics 
occupying  350  square  feet  of  floor  space.  There  is  also  a  historical 
library  of  about  200  volumes,  with  many  historic  papers  and  autographs. 

WAVERLY: 

WARTBURG  TEACHERS  SEMINARY. 

The  seminary  maintains  teaching  collections  including  plaster 
casts,  microscopic  preparations,  skeletons,  apparatus,  etc.;  and  a 
natural  history  museum  of  about  12,000  specimens,  including  miner- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  87 

als,  rocks,  fossils,  ethnological  and  zoological  specimens,  and  a  general 
herbarium. 

WINTERSET: 

MADISON  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  historical  collection  of  about  100  objects. 

KANSAS 

ATCHISON: 

MIDLAND  COLLEGE. 

The  following  collections  are  in  charge  of  D.  W.  Grouse,  professor 
of  physics  and  chemistry:  about  300  casts  and  original  implements  of 
mound  builders  and  American  Indians;  2000  classified  minerals,  and 
several  hundred  unclassified;  800  fossils,  including  a  local  invertebrate 
series,  miocene  invertebrates  of  Virginia,  fossil  leaves  from  the  Dakota 
group  in  Kansas,  etc.;  a  herbarium  of  about  200  specimens;  200  birds 
and  20  other  vertebrates. 

BALDWIN: 

BAKER  UNIVERSITY.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Chief  curator,  C.  S.  Parmenter;  Curators,  E.  P.  Mona- 
han  (ornithology  and  taxidermy),  R.  T.  Reser  (botany);  i  assistant  in 
taxidermy. 

COLLECTIONS.  Anthropology,  3026;  Botany,  45,130;  Miner- 
alogy, 5133;  Paleontology,  21,223;  Zoology,  57,159.  The  zoological 
collection  includes  9400  shells,  45,1 13  insects,  631  marine  invertebrates, 
304  reptiles,  976  birds,  135  mammals,  and  1000  bird  eggs  and  nests. 
There  is  also  a  museum  library  of  about  2000  volumes. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  special  department  fees,  amounting  to 
about  $400  a  year. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  about  3200  square  feet  of 
floor  space  for  exhibition. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  students  and  the  general  public  on 
week-days. 

EMPORIA: 

COLLEGE  OF  EMPORIA. 

The  college  maintains  the  following  collections,  in  charge  of  D.  C. 
Schaflner:  Archeology,  native,  2500,  foreign,  50;  Botany,  400  (local 
flora);  Minerals,  1500;  Rocks,  300;  Fossils,  2500;  Mollusca,  marine, 


88  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

1000,  fresh-water,  350  (local);  Insects,  250;  Other  invertebrates,  75; 
Fishes,  200;  Other  vertebrates,  25. 

KANSAS  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL.    Museum. 

STAFF.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  W.  H.  Keller,  curator,  under 
the  supervision  of  L.  C.  Wooster,  head  of  the  department  of  biology 
and  geology. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  About  300  specimens  including  Indian  relics, 
Philippine  material,  etc. 

Art.  The  museum  has  no  art  collection  but  the  art  department 
of  the  school  has  a  collection  of  casts  and  copies  of  great  works  of  art, 
and  a  series  of  lantern  slides  for  classroom  instruction. 

BOTANY.     Good  collections  for  teaching  purposes. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  500;  Rocks,  500.  This  collection  includes 
a  good  series  of  stalactites. 

PALEONTOLOGY.     Invertebrates,  1000 ;  Vertebrates,  50 ;  Plants,  50. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  400;  Insects,  1000;  Other  invertebrates,  200; 
Fishes,  25;  Batrachians,  10;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  450;  Mammals,  100; 
Bird  eggs,  800. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  is  largely  the  result  of  the 
work  of  D.  S.  Kelly,  who  was  head  of  the  natural  history  department 
from  1885  to  1897. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  appropriation  of  $200  from  the 
school. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  5200  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  900  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  in  the  science 
building,  erected  in  1905  at  a  cost  of  $50,000. 

SCOPE  AND  ATTENDANCE.  Maintained  primarily  for  teaching 
purposes,  but  also  open  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  7.30  to  6. 

LAWRENCE: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  KANSAS.    Museums. 

STAFF.  Director,  Frank  Strong;  Curators,  Lewis  L.  Dyche  (verte- 
brate zoology),  Clarence  E.  McClung  (vertebrate  paleontology), 
Samuel  J.  Hunter  (entomology),  Erasmus  Haworth  (geology  and  min- 
eralogy), William  C.  Stevens  (herbarium),  Alexander  M.  Wilcox 
(classical  museum);  Assistant  curators,  Handel  T.  Martin  (paleon- 
tology), Charles  D.  Bunker  (vertebrate  zoology),  Francis  X.  Williams 
(entomology). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.     A  few  hundred  specimens  on  exhibition. 

BOTANY.     A  herbarium  of  about  10,000  species,  representative 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  89 

of  the  North  American  flora.  It  comprises  a  good  collection  of  lichens 
and  economic  fungi,  and  of  sections  of  our  native  woods. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  5000,  partly  in  storage;  Rocks,  2000;  Thin 
sections  of  rocks,  iooo±;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps,  models,  etc., 
ioo±;  Economic  geology,  iooo+.  The  collection  of  rocks  includes, 
in  addition  to  a  general  series  from  all  parts  of  the  world,  a  very  exten- 
sive collection  of  granites,  porphy rites,  and  basic  dike  rocks  from  the 
Missouri  crystallines.  The  economic  collection  is  especially  rich  in 
ores,  including  a  very  complete  series  of  lead  and  zinc  ores  and  asso- 
ciated minerals  from  the  Galena- Joplin  district. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  About  10,000  specimens,  including  extensive 
collections  of  American  cretaceous  and  other  fossil  vertebrates.  The 
invertebrates  include  about  2000  species,  representing  all  the  principal 
geological  formations,  but  especially  rich  in  Kansas  forms.  Special 
mention  may  be  made  of  the  series  of  fossil  birds,  which  is  said  to  in- 
clude some  of  the  best  specimens  known;  of  a  collection  of  pterodactyls 
and  plesiosaurs,  seldom  equalled;  of  a  nearly  complete  representation 
of  cretaceous  fishes;  and  of  the  series  of  turtles,  including  a  number  of 
type  specimens  described  by  Dr.  Williston.  There  are  13  large  mounts, 
and  a  series  of  casts  showing  the  evolution  of  the  horse.  In  paleo- 
botany,  the  Dakota  and  Comanche  cretaceous  series  are  best  repre- 
sented and  include  many  undescribed  forms.  In  addition  to  the  collec- 
tion of  tertiary  plants,  there  is  a  very  large  and  valuable  series  of 
carboniferous  plants  from  Kansas,  including  many  not  yet  known  to 
science. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  general  collection  includes :  Shells,  1000  species 
from  all  parts  of  the  world;  Alcoholic  invertebrates,  500;  Birds,  1503 
mounted  specimens,  chiefly  from  Kansas,  and  3453  skins;  Mammals, 
250  large  mounted  specimens,  1125  skins,  and  8  heads;  North  American 
bird  eggs,  3572;  Skeletons,  1341  mammals,  38  birds,  and  7  reptiles. 
This  is  said  to  be  one  of  the  most  complete  collections  in  the  world. 
Nearly  1000  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  given  to  a  panorama  exhibit, 
500  feet  long,  of  the  larger  North  American  mammals  mounted  in 
natural  surroundings. 

In  addition  to  the  general  collection  enumerated  above,  there  is  an 
entomological  series  of  275,000  specimens,  representing  25,000  species 
of  all  orders  and  including  1000  types.  There  are  also  extensive  bio- 
nomic  collections.  The  collections  in  this  department  are  said  to  be 
among  the  largest  connected  with  any  educational  institution  in  the 
United  States.  Annual  collecting  expeditions  and  a  regular  system  of 
exchange  are  steadily  increasing  the  size  of  these  collections. 


QO  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

CLASSICAL  MUSEUM.  This  museum  is  located  in  Fraser  Hall, 
and  includes  many  plaster  casts,  models,  relief  maps,  restorations,  plates 
and  engravings,  a  complete  set  of  Brunn's  plates  of  Greek  and  Roman 
sculpture,  55  Braun  photographs  of  the  Elgin  marbles,  photographs 
illustrating  Roman  topography  and  life,  miscellaneous  art  collections, 
and  1800  stereopticon  slides  of  Greek  and  Roman  views,  portraits, 
buildings,  etc. 

OTHER  DEPARTMENTS.  The  collection  of  about  2000  specimens 
for  illustrative  use  from  the  department  of  pharmacy  is  housed  in  the 
chemistry  building,  under  the  care  of  Lucius  E.  Sayre,  curator.  An 
extensive  collection  for  the  illustration  of  lectures  in  the  department 
of  chemistry  is  in  charge  of  Edgar  H.  S.  Bailey,  curator. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museums  of  the  university  have  been 
built  up  by  the  professors  in  charge  of  the  various  departments,  during 
a  period  of  thirty-six  years.  University  exploring  parties  have  accumu- 
lated most  of  the  material  in  the  natural  history  section. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  special  appropriations  from  the  state, 
and  by  university  funds. 

BUILDING.  Nearly  all  the  collections  are  housed  in  the  museum 
of  natural  history,  completed  in  1903  at  a  cost  of  $75,000,  defrayed 
by  the  state.  About  30,428  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  available  for 
exhibition,  and  6112  for  storage,  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  of  regents,  appointed  by  the 
governor  of  the  state.  The  regents  choose  the  curators  of  the  depart- 
ments. 

SCOPE.  College  teaching,  instruction  of  the  general  public,  and 
exploration  and  research  by  the  staff. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  5. 

LINDSBORG: 

BETHANY  COLLEGE. 

The  president  reports  that  the  college  maintains  a  museum  in 
charge  of  E.  O.  Deere,  curator.  No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated 
requests  for  further  information. 

This  college  is  said  by  Merrill  to  have  2000  anthropological  speci- 
mens, 1500  botanical  specimens,  500  fossils,  800  minerals,  1000 
zoological  specimens,  and  a  large  collection  of  coins,  paper  money, 
and  postage  stamps. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  91 

MANHATTAN: 

KANSAS  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  a  museum  primarily  for  teaching  purposes  in 
charge  of  T.  J.  Headlee,  curator,  and  comprising  the  following  col- 
lections: 1380  trays  of  shells;  535  cases  of  insects;  150  mollusksin 
alcohol;  over  500  other  invertebrates;  155  fishes;  206  reptiles  and 
batrachians;  339  mounted  birds;  67  5  bird  skins;  2  70  bird  eggs  and  nests; 
585  mammals.  There  is  also  a  geological  collection  of  3900  specimens 
in  addition  to  a  number  of  special  working  collections.  There  is  a 
small  collection  of  ethnological  specimens.  The  museum  occupies 
three  rooms  affording  a  floor  space  of  about  6000  square  feet,  and  is  open 
free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8.30  to  12  and  from  i  to  5.  It  is 
supported  by  appropriations  from  the  board  of  regents  of  the  college, 
usually  amounting  to  about  $300  annually. 

SALINA: 

KANSAS  WESLEYAN  UNIVERSITY. 

No  information  has  been  received  in  response  to  repeated  inquiries 
regarding  the  collections  of  this  university,  which  are  said  by  Merrill 
to  include  300  ethnological  specimens,  200  native  plants,  1 200  minerals, 
500  specimens  of  economic  and  historical  geology,  900  fossils,  and 
7000  zoological  specimens. 

TOPEKA: 

KANSAS   STATE   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  museum  comprising  about  4000  speci- 
mens of  native  archeology  and  1000  of  native  ethnology;  an  art  col- 
lection including  7  busts,  3  tablets,  7140  prints  and  engravings,  36 
oil  paintings,  and  about  100  textiles;  a  collection  of  looms,  spinning 
wheels,  reels,  and  old  furniture;  about  3500  historical  specimens;  and 
a  collection  of  about  600  medals,  coins,  etc. 

The  Kansas  State  Historical  Society  was  formed  in  1875  and  has 
received  legislative  appropriations  since  1877.  For  the  years  1910- 
ii  the  appropriation  amounts  to  $10,400  annually,  besides  printing. 
There  is  also  an  income  from  the  fees  of  members.  A  building  is  now 
being  erected  for  the  society  by  the  state  at  a  cost  of  $200,000.  No 
funds  are  available  for  the  purchase  of  objects  for  the  museum.  In 
addition  to  the  museum  the  society  maintains  a  historical  reference 
library,  including  35,336  books,  37,261  newspapers  and  magazines, 
107,459  pamphlets,  117,593  archives,  44,051  manuscripts,  and  6355 
maps,  etc.  The  society  also  issues  the  following  publications:  (i) 


DIRECTORY  OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

Kansas  Historical  Collections,  1 1  volumes  issued  since  1875.    (2)  Bien- 
nial reports,  16  issued  since  1879. 

The  museum  and  library  are  in  charge  of  the  secretary  of  the 
society,  George  W.  Martin,  who  is  assisted  by  a  staff  of  7  persons. 

WASHBURN  COLLEGE.    Museum. 

The  college  museum  formerly  contained  about  500  fossils,  8000 
minerals,  500  rocks,  2000  specimens  in  zoology,  and  a  herbarium  of 
about  4000  specimens.  This  collection  was  damaged  by  fire  about  a 
year  ago.  The  minerals  were  nearly  all  saved,  but  the  herbarium  was 
injured  by  water  and  the  zoological  collection  suffered  seriously.  The 
building  has  been  rebuilt,  but  the  collections  are  still  in  storage.  The 
museum  is  in  charge  of  Ira  D.  Cardiff,  professor  of  botany. 

WICHITA: 

ZOOLOGICAL    PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park,  established  in  1905,  contain- 
ing 1 6  mammals. 

KENTUCKY 

BOWLING  GREEN: 
OGDEN  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  comprising  2000  min- 
erals, 200  specimens  of  economic  geology,  and  2000  fossils.  These  are 
in  charge  of  J.  W.  Morrison,  professor  of  natural  science. 

FRANKFORT: 

KENTUCKY  STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  possesses  a  collection  of  54  oil  paintings;  12  water 
colors;  numerous  prints  and  engravings;  historic  china;  shells;  swords, 
rifles,  flags,  etc. ;  also  books,  pamphlets,  and  newspapers. 

LEXINGTON: 

KENTUCKY  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY. 

The  director  of  the  survey,  Charles  J.  Norwood,  reports  that  its 
collections  are  primarily  economic  and  are  maintained  for  the  purpose 
of  exhibiting  the  mineral  resources  of  the  state.  The  records  are  not 
in  such  form  as  to  indicate  the  number  of  specimens  in  the  various 
departments,  having  been  recently  removed  to  a  new  building. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  93 

TRANSYLVANIA  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of  Alfred  Fair- 
hurst  and  Charles  Albert  Schull,  occupying  about  2000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  in  the  new  science  building  completed  in  1908.  The  collec- 
tions include  100  articles  from  Japan,  consisting  of  images,  household 
utensils,  etc.;  1000  stone  implements  from  the  United  States;  50  war 
clubs,  bows  and  arrows,  etc.,  from  the  islands  of  the  Pacific;  175  Chin- 
ese coins;  200  rocks;  500  minerals;  600  trays  of  fossils;  200  species  of 
recent  shells;  50  corals;  250  bottles  of  alcoholic  material;  900  mounted 
birds  and  200  skins;  75  of  the  smaller  mammals;  etc.  Many  of  the 
birds  were  collected  by  the  United  States  exploring  expedition  in  the 
Southwest,  Mexico,  Central  and  South  America.  A  valuable  collec- 
tion of  Australian  birds  was  presented  by  Mr.  O.  A.  Carr.  The  museum 
is  open  to  students  and  to  the  public  five  days  in  each  week  during  the 
college  year. 

LOUISVILLE: 

LOUISVILLE  FREE  PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 

This  library  was  organized  in  1902  and  opened  to  the  public  in 
1905.  Into  it  was  merged  the  Polytechnic  Society  of  Kentucky, 
organized  in  1876,  which  included  an  art  collection,  comprising  26 
fine  oil  paintings  and  many  others  of  minor  importance,  valued  at 
$15,000,  and  4  statues,  valued  at  $25,000;  and  a  natural  history  col- 
lection, consisting  of  minerals,  shells,  ferns,  birds,  etc.  The  pictures 
and  statuary  are  exhibited  in  the  library  rooms  and  corridors.  The 
natural  history  material  fills  a  room  38  x  60  feot-on  the  ground  floor. 
The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  2  to  5  and 
on  Saturday  mornings  from  9  to  12.  On  Sundays  it  is  open  from  2  to 
6.  The  attendance  since  its  opening  on  October  18,  1909,  has  aver- 
aged 92  per  day. 

It  is  expected  that  the  Jefferson  Institute  of  Arts  and  Sciences, 
organized  in  1909,  will  ultimately  secure  a  separate  building,  in  which 
case  the  library  will  probably  turn  its  museum  material  over  to  the 
institute. 

LOUISIANA 

BATON  ROUGE: 

LOUISIANA  STATE  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  teaching  collections  in  agriculture, 
botany,  geology,  history,  and  zoology,  in  charge  of  the  professors  of 
these  departments. 


94 


DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 


NEW  ORLEANS: 

LOUISIANA  HISTORICAL  ASSOCIATION.    Memorial  Hall. 

The  association  maintains  a  collection  of  war  relics  in  Memorial 
Hall,  which  is  supported  by  a  state  appropriation  of  $1400  a  year.  The 
directors  of  the  association  are  elected  annually  by  the  five  veteran 
camps  of  the  city. 

LOUISIANA  STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Robert  Glenk;  Honorary  curators,  Alcee 
Fortier  (history),  George  Williamson  (archeology). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  1000, 
foreign,  50;  Ethnology,  native,  100,  foreign,  10.  Civilized  peoples, 
ancient,  100,  modern,  25.  There  are  also  photographs  of  Indian 
mounds  and  Indian  pottery. 

ART.  Sculpture,  25;  Prints  and  engravings,  121;  Oil  paintings, 
86;  Water  colors,  10;  Ceramics,  50.  The  collection  includes  Lamie's 
painting  (i5x  18  feet)  of  the  Battle  of  New  Orleans;  and  sketch  models 
of  the  proposed  statues  to  J.  J.  Audubon,  Beauregard,  and  Bienville. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  100;  Phanerogams,  250.  There  is  in  addi- 
tion a  large  number  of  forestry  specimens. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Very  complete  exhibits  of  all  vari- 
eties of  agricultural  and  horticultural  productions  of  Louisiana,  and 
of  local  manufactured  articles. 

EDUCATION.  A  large  display  of  the  work  of  schools,  colleges, 
and  sectarian  and  technical  institutions  of  Louisiana. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  1500;  Rocks,  100;  Dynamic  geology,  relief 
maps,  models,  etc.,  20.  There  are  special  collections  of  petroleums 
and  sulphur  minerals. 

HISTORY.  Portraits,  documents,  letters,  autographs,  and  other 
material  related  to  the  history  of  Louisiana.  The  collection  includes 
the  original  Antomarchi  death  mask  of  Napoleon. 

PALEONTOLOGY.    Invertebrates,  600;  Vertebrates,  100;  Plants,  40. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  2000;  Insects,  1500;  Other  invertebrates,  50; 
Fishes,  300;  Batrachians,  40;  Reptiles,  100;  Birds,  900;  Mammals,  100. 
This  department  includes  a  very  complete  exhibit  of  the  Louisiana 
oyster  industry. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum  is  the  Louis- 
iana exhibit  at  the  St.  Louis  World's  Fair  in  1904.  This  was  main- 
tained for  two  years  at  the  expense  of  the  Louisiana  commission  as 
the  State  Exhibit  Museum.  In  1906  the  Louisiana  State  Museum  was 
established  by  the  legislature  and  the  sum  of  $10,000  was  appropriated 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  95 

for  its  maintenance  for  two  years.  It  has  developed  rapidly  and  has 
now  outgrown  its  present  quarters.  The  city  council  has  recently 
given  the  museum  two  historic  buildings  for  its  future  home. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  optional  appropriation  of  the  state 
legislature,  at  present  amounting  to  $5000  annually. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  at  present  occupies  a  rented  building 
affording  about  13,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition.  Two 
buildings  have  been  set  apart  for  the  museum  by  the  state  and  to 
these  the  collections  will  soon  be  transferred. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  president  and 
executive  committee  of  a  board  of  curators  (trustees). 

SCOPE.  The  museum  is  the  designated  repository  of  all  historic 
and  scientific  material  belonging  to  the  state.  Its  primary  purposes 
are  instruction  of  the  general  public  and  maintenance  of  local  col- 
lections. 

LIBRARY.  1000  volumes  and  3000  pamphlets  relating  to  history 
and  science  and  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public.  The 
library  includes  many  historical  maps,  charts,  etc.,  and  a  complete 
set  of  the  elephant  folio  edition  of  Audubon's  Birds. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Biennial  Reports.  (2)  Guides  to  places  of 
historic  interest  in  New  Orleans. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
5.  The  number  of  visitors  in  1908  was  105,000. 

TULANE  UNIVERSITY.     Museum. 

The  collections  possessed  by  the  university,  now  occupying  the 
entire  third  floor  of  Gibson  Hall,  had  their  origin  in  the  cabinet  of 
minerals  and  rocks  of  the  New  Orleans  Academy  of  Sciences,  and  the 
purchase  in  1884  of  a  part  of  the  Ward  Natural  Science  exhibit  at  the 
exposition  of  that  year.  The  museum  contains  the  following  col- 
lections: Anthropology,  500  specimens,  chiefly  relics  of  the  Indians 
and  the  mound  builders.  Botany,  a  herbarium  of  30,000  specimens, 
including  the  famous  Hale  collections.  Mineralogy,  8000  specimens. 
Paleontology,  6ooo±  specimens.  Invertebrate  zoology,  300  sponges, 
200  corals,  3000  shells,  300  Blaschka  glass  models  of  coelenterates, 
holothurians,  vermes,  etc.,  200  crustaceans.  Vertebrate  zoology,  a 
nearly  complete  representation  of  Louisiana  fresh  and  salt-water 
fishes,  in  all  about  800  specimens;  noo  batrachians',  including  the 
Kohn  collection  of  over  200  mounted  turtles  of  North  America;  5000 
birds,  comprising  a  complete  representation  of  Louisiana  and  North 
American  species,  and  a  number  of  groups;  300  mammals;  200  skel- 
etons. 


96  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

The  museum  receives  a  small  yearly  appropriation  from  the  Tulane 
Academy  fund  and  a  yearly  donation  from  an  interested  friend.  It  is 
in  charge  of  George  E.  Beyer,  curator,  and  will  soon  be  open  free  to  the 

public. 

MAINE 

AUGUSTA: 

KENNEBEC  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  the  collections  of  this  society,  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to 
include  a  general  collection  of  minerals,  and  other  natural  history 
specimens. 

BRUNSWICK: 

BOWDOIN  COLLEGE.    Art  Collections.    (Walker  Art  Building.) 

STAFF.     Curator,  Henry  Johnson. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  sculpture  hall  contains  2  Hellenistic  and 
Roman  marbles  and  1 1  casts  of  classical  figures  and  groups  of  stat- 
uary, in  addition  to  mural  decorations  by  John  La  Farge,  Elihu  Vedder, 
Abbott  Thayer,  and  Kenyon  Cox.  The  Sophia  Walker  gallery  con- 
tains specimens  of  ancient  glass,  Roman  sculpture,  old  Flemish  tapes- 
try, oriental  ivory  carvings,  miniatures,  etc.,  with  paintings  and 
drawings  by  Corot,  Millet,  Troyon,  Daubigny,  R.  Bonheur,  Mauve, 
La  Farge,  and  other  modern  artists  of  high  rank,  and  a  bronze 
relief  portrait,  by  French,  of  Theophilus  Wheeler  Walker.  The  Bow- 
doin  gallery  contains  about  100  paintings,  chiefly  by  early  American 
artists,  and  150  original  drawings  by  old  and  modern  masters.  The 
Boyd  gallery  contains  the  Boyd  collection  of  paintings;  a  collection  of 
Japanese  and  Chinese  works  of  art,  loaned  by  Professor  William  A. 
Houghton;  the  Cowles  collection  of  objects  of  oriental  art,  formerly 
a  part  of  the  Houghton  collection;  the  Virginia  Dox  collection  of 
objects  of  native  American  art;  and  other  collections  given  or  loaned 
by  friends  of  the  college.  An  Assyrian  room  in  the  basement  contains 
5  gypsum  slabs  from  Nineveh,  carved  in  bas-relief  and  bearing  cunei- 
form inscriptions.  These  were  presented  in  1857  by  Henri  Byron 
Haskell,  Esq.  There  are  also  a  few  hundred  lantern  slides  and  a  series 
of  heliotype  reproductions  of  works  of  art. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Hon.  James  Bowdoin  bequeathed  his 
collection  to  the  college  in  1811.  The  Boyd  collection  was  presented 
in  1810  and  was  supplemented  in  1859  by  the  bequest  of  property 
valued  at  over  $10,000.  These  collections  were  housed  in  the  college 
chapel  previous  to  the  erection  of  the  present  building. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  97 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     By  the  income  from  endowment. 

BUILDING.  Erected  from  designs  by  McKim,  Mead,  &  White, 
in  1892,  by  the  Misses  Harriet  and  Sophia  Walker  of  Waltham,Mass., 
as  a  memorial  of  their  uncle,  the  late  Theophilus  Wheeler  Walker. 
It  is  100  feet  in  length  by  73  in  depth  and  is  constructed  of  granite,  lime- 
stone, and  brick.  In  addition'  to  the  exhibition  space  it  affords,  in 
the  basement,  a  lecture  room,  a  room  of  Assyrian  sculpture,  curator's 
and  students'  rooms,  etc. 

SCOPE.  In  addition  to  the  exhibition  of  art  collections,  a  limited 
amount  of  educational  work  is  carried  on  by  means  of  explanatory 
demonstrations  by  the  curator. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  about  5  hours  each  week- 
day. The  attendance  is  about  9500  a  year. 

The  college  also  has  portraits  and  other  art  objects  in  the  chapel, 
the  library,  and  Memorial  and  Massachusetts  halls.  The  scientific 
departments  maintain  small  teaching  collections  regarding  which 
detailed  information  is  not  available. 

ELIOT: 

WILLIAM  FOGG  LIBRARY. 

In  response  to  an  inquiry  addressed  to  the  Eliot  Historical 
Society  it  is  stated  that  the  William  Fogg  Library  maintains  a  small 
museum.  No  further  information  has  been  received. 

HINCKLEY: 

GOOD  WILL  HOME  ASSOCIATION. 

This  institution  maintains  a  collection  including  about  600 
specimens  of  geology  and  mineralogy,  75  birds,  40  mammals,  10  fishes, 
75  archeological  specimens,  etc.  The  original  museum  was  burned 
about  five  years  ago,  and  the  present  collection  has  been  gathered  at 
a  cost  of  about  $2000. 

NORTH  BRIDGTON: 

BRIDGTON  ACADEMY. 

The  academy  has  a  general  natural  history  museum  occupying  a 
wooden  building  30x40  feet  and  used  primarily  for  class  instruction. 

ORONO: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  MAINE.    Museum  of  Natural  History. 

STAFF.  Director,  Oilman  A.  Drew;  Curators,  Oilman  A.Drew, 
(zoology),  Lucius  H.  Merrill  (geology),  Mintin  A.  Chrysler  (botany); 
Assistant  curator  and  taxidermist,  Cyrus  S.  Winch  (zoology). 


98  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ANTHROPOLOGY.     i5o±  local  specimens. 

BOTANY.  15,000^  specimens,  including  the  Halsted  collection 
of  New  England  lichens;  the  Cummings  and  Seymour  collection  of 
lichens;  Cook's  illustrative  collection  of  fungi;  the  Ellis  and  Everhard 
collection  of  fungi;  the  Underwood  collection  of  liverworts;  the  Sul- 
livan and  Lesquereaux  collection  of  mosses;  the  Blake  herbarium  of 
io,ooo±  cryptogams  and  phanerogams;  the  Halsted  collection  of  weeds 
and  the  Harvey  collection  of  weeds  and  forage  plants  of  Maine;  and 
a  special  herbarium  of  cryptogams  and  phanerogams  of  Maine. 

GEOLOGY.  A  good  teaching  collection,  including  a  series  of 
Maine  minerals  and  an  economic  collection  of  3oo±  specimens. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  A  general  teaching  collection  of  about  500 
specimens. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  general  collection  of  about  1000  specimens,  includ- 
ing much  local  material,  and  several  groups  of  animals  exhibited  in 
natural  surroundings. 

ORRS  ISLAND: 

ORRS  ISLAND  LIBRARY. 

This  is  an  incorporated  institution  maintained  largely  by  summer 
visitors.  As  one  branch  of  its  educational  work  it  maintains  a  museum 
devoted  to  the  fauna  and  flora  of  the  island  and  surrounding  waters. 
The  collections  include  a  herbarium  of  about  300  specimens,  a  col- 
lection of  100  shells,  30  invertebrates  in  fluid,  12  snakes,  and  occasional 
representatives  of  other  classes.  These  collections  are  in  charge  of 
Ellen  M.  Mountfort,  librarian,  and  John  L.  Stilphen,  assistant. 

PARIS: 

HAMLIN  MEMORIAL  HALL. 

While  this  is  primarily  a  library  of  about  2000  volumes  it  also 
contains  portraits  of  the  Hamlin  family,  and  an  interesting  exhibit  of 
cut  tourmalines  and  tourmaline  crystals  from  neighboring  Mt.  Mica. 
The  building  was  formerly  the  county  jail  and  was  deeded  to  the  Paris 
Hill  Library  Association  about  1902,  through  the  efforts  of  Dr.  Augus- 
tus Choate  Hamlin  of  Bangor,  Maine,  as  a  memorial  to  his  son.  Dr. 
Hamlin  at  his  death  endowed  the  library  in  the  sum  of  $5000.  The 
library  and  museum  are  open  free  to  the  public,  through  the  summer 
months,  on  Mondays  from  3  to  4.30  and  on  Wednesday  and  Saturday 
evenings  from  7.30  to  9.  During  the  winter  it  is  open  only  on  Wednes- 
days from  2.30  to  4  and  from  7.30  to  9. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  99 

POLAND   SPRING: 

POLAND  SPRING  ART  GALLERY. 

The  gallery  is  in  charge  of  Nettie  M.  Ricker,  art  director,  and  has 
no  permanent  collections,  but  holds  an  annual  art  exhibition. 

PORTLAND: 

MAINE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  good  collection  of  historical  relics  of  Maine. 

PORTLAND  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.    Museum.    (22 
Elm  Street.) 

STAFF.  Cabinet  keeper  and  librarian,  Arthur  H.  Norton; 
Curators,  Dana  W.  Fellows  (botany),  Mrs.  Helen  A.  Lewis  (entomo- 
logy), Arthur  H.  Norton  (ethnology),  H.  M.  Mailing  (mineralogy). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native, 
2ooo±,  foreign,  573±;  Ethnology,  native,  2oo±,  foreign,  2oo±. 
Civilized  peoples,  ancient,  2oo±,  modern,  i5o±. 

ART.  Prints  and  engravings,  5o± ;  Oil  paintings,  3oo± ;  Water 
colors,  5o±;  Ceramics,  5o±;  Textiles,  ioo±. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  2068;  Phanerogams,  11,610;  Woods, 
1000 ;  Fruits  and  seeds,  2000. 

GEOLOGY.     Minerals,  on  exhibition,  5ooo±,  in  storage,   30oo±. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  25oo±;  Vertebrates,  5oo±; 
Plants,  1000,  including  4  figured  specimens.  Of  special  interest  is 
the  Perry  collection  of  devonian  plants  of  Maine,  and  local  post- 
pliocene  marine  fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  7135^1,"  in  storage,  2ooo±; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  1000;  Other  invertebrates,  on 
exhibition,  250,  in  storage,  iooo±;  types  and  figured  specimens,  2; 
Fishes,  on  exhibition,  37,  in  storage,  100;  Batrachians,  50;  Reptiles, 
on  exhibition,  55,  in  storage,  ioo±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  400,  in  stor- 
age, i5oo±,  types,  i;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  27,  in  storage,  17; 
Bird  nests,  91,  eggs,  581. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  society  was  organized  in  1843  and 
incorporated  in  1850.  In  1854  its  museum  and  library,  including  the 
entire  collection  of  shells  of  Dr.  Jesse  W.  Mighels,  with  many  types, 
were  destroyed  by  fire.  In  1866  the  museum  and  library  were  again 
destroyed  by  fire,  the  collections  lost  at  this  time  including  a  large 
series  of  specimens  gathered  by  the  second  state  geological  survey — 
minerals  and  fossils  by  C.  H.  Hitchcock,  plants  by  George  L.  Goodale, 
etc. 


IOQ  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  society  receives  approximately  the 
following  amounts  annually:  income  from  endowment,  $272,  from 
an  optional  city  appropriation,  $300,  from  memberships,  $200,  from 
other  sources,  $275. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1879  at  a  cost  of  $20,000,  defrayed  by 
subscription,  the  building  affords  2608  square  feet  of  floor  space  for 
exhibition,  1313  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.,  and  1301  for  lecture 
room. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  cabinet  keeper,  and  committees,  re- 
sponsible to  a  board  of  twelve  trustees,  of  which  he  is  one. 

SCOPE.  Public  school  work,  instruction  of  the  general  public, 
and  maintenance  of  local  collections. 

LIBRARY.  4500  bound  volumes  in  addition  to  pamphlets,  maps, 
etc.,  of  a  scientific  character,  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Journal,  discontinued  when  i  part  had  been 
issued.  (2)  Proceedings,  2  volumes  (10  parts)  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.     Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  2  to  4 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  half  an  acre,  established 
in  1890,  containing  about  50  birds  and  20  mammals. 

SACO: 

YORK  INSTITUTE. 

The  secretary  reports  that  the  institute  maintains  a  museum,  but 
no  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  further  information 
regarding  the  collections,  which  are  said  by  Thwaites  to  comprise 
local  historical  material  and  a  portrait  gallery. 

WATERVILLE: 

COLBY  COLLEGE. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    A   series   of   masks   of   Pacific   Islanders. 

ART.  A  collection  of  portraits  of  distinguished  benefactors  and 
friends  of  the  college;  casts  of  noted  pieces  of  sculpture;  and  sets  of 
photographs  and  representations  for  the  illustration  of  lectures  on 
the  history  of  art. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  about  1500  specimens  of  native  plants; 
200  microscopic  sections  of  plant  tissues  and  organs;  and  models  of 
typical  plants. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  A  general  collection  of  3500 
minerals;  a  state  geological  collection;  a  series  of  New  York  rocks; 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  IOI 

Rosenbusch's  set  of  490  massive  rocks  and  100  European  crystalline 
schists;  150  specimens  of  typical  American  rocks;  86  hand  specimens 
of  rocks  illustrating  precambrian  geology;  400  thin  sections  of  typical 
rocks;  175  crystal  models;  a  series  of  600  characteristic  American 
fossils  and  casts  of  some  foreign  species;  a  number  of  relief  maps, 
models,  etc.;  725  geological  photographs;  and  about  500  lantern 
slides. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  teaching  collection  comprising  a  synoptic  collection 
of  invertebrates;  a  number  of  mounted  vertebrate  skeletons;  and 
200  histological  preparations. 

The  art  collections  are  housed  in  Memorial  Hall  and  the  science 
collections  in  Coburn  Hall. 

MARYLAND 

ANNAPOLIS: 

MARYLAND    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY. 

The  survey  maintains  in  the  old  hall  of  delegates  at  the  state 
house  a  large  collection  of  applied  geology,  relating  chiefly  to  Mary- 
land. This  collection  is  open  free  to  the  public  daily  and  is  visited 
by  several  thousand  people  annually. 

The  working  collections  of  the  survey  in  paleontology,  mineralogy, 
and  historic  and  economic  geology  are  in  Baltimore,  in  charge  of 
William  Bullock  Clark,  state  geologist,  as  is  also  a  working  library 
of  over  1000  volumes,  consisting  largely  of  geological  reports.  Serial 
reports  and  monographs  are  issued  by  the  survey. 

BALTIMORE: 

JOHNS   HOPKINS   UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  has  no  central  museum  but  working  collections 
are  maintained  in  connection  with  the  scientific  departments,  those 
in  geology,  zoology,  and  botany  being  especially  extensive. 

MARYLAND  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES.     (105  West  Franklin  St.) 

STAFF.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  P.  R.  Uhler,  president  of 
the  academy. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.     ioo,ooo±  artifacts  of  aborigines  of  Maryland. 

BOTANY.  A  large  collection  of  Maryland  plants,  including  mosses, 
lichens,  fungi,  and  algae,  as  well  as  flowering  plants,  and  a  collection 
of  woods  of  the  state. 

GEOLOGY.  2000  species  of  minerals;  a  typical  collection  of  Mary- 
land rocks;  and  a  few  hundred  specimens  of  dynamic  geology.  The 


I02  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

Chatard  collection,  while  covering  the  whole  field  of  mineralogy,  is 
rich  in  European  specimens,  and  in  those  from  Pennsylvania,  Mary- 
land, and  North  Carolina  localities,  particularly  the  great  variety  of 
quartz  and  corundum  occurring  in  North  Carolina,  and  the  zeolites 
from  the  gneiss  of  Jones'  Falls  near  Baltimore,  where  the  old  localities 
are  largely  exhausted  or  built  over.  The  Dalrymple  collection  con- 
tains principally  European  specimens. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  A  series  including  all  fossils  described  from  the 
state  of  Maryland,  and  a  large  general  collection.  There  are  two  large 
and  probably  unique  exhibits  showing  a  miocene  and  an  upper  silurian 
(Helderberg)  coral  reef,  in  which  all  the  specimens  are  obtained  from 
Maryland  localities. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  collections  are  confined  to  Maryland  and  include 
a  small  collection  of  typical  land  and  marine  shells;  10,000  species  of 
insects;  600  species  of  birds;  and  the  typical  fishes,  reptiles,  and  mam- 
mals of  the  state.  Many  of  the  birds  and  mammals  are  mounted  in 
small  groups  with  natural  surroundings.  Beside  the  above,  a  large 
case  contains  a  reproduction  of  a  characteristic  coral  reef  of  the  Carib- 
bean region,  including  37  or  more  species  of  recent  corals  arranged 
exactly  as  in  nature. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  collections  gathered  by  the  academy 
from  1859  to  1882  were  presented  to  the  Johns  Hopkins  University; 
after  this  and  prior  to  1890  the  building  now  occupied  by  the  academy 
became  available  and  a  museum  was  started  for  the  maintenance  of 
Maryland  collections. 

BUILDING.  A  former  residence  occupying  a  lot  50x150  feet; 
given  to  the  academy  by  Enoch  Pratt,  Esq.,  a  member. 

SCOPE.     Maintenance  of  local  collections. 

LIBRARY.  More  than  1000  volumes  intended  for  the  use  of  the 
academy. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  society  has  issued  one  volume  of  over  400 
pages,  and  has  a  second  in  course  of  publication. 

WALTERS  GALLERY. 

This  gallery  contains  a  private  collection,  including  over  750  paint- 
ings, 100  water  colors  and  designs,  and  a  host  of  art  treasures,  compris- 
ing marbles,  bronzes,  terra  cottas,  carved  ivories,  porcelains,  potteries, 
ancient  and  modern  jewelry,  enamels,  carved  woods,  tapestries, 
lacquers,  miniatures,  and  rugs.  Through  the  courtesy  of  the  owner,' 
Mr.  H.  Walters,  the  galleries  are  open  to  the  public  on  Wednesdays 
and  Saturdays  from  January  i  to  April  30  between  the  hours  of 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  103 

1 1  and  4.  The  proceeds  from  the  admission  fees  of  50  cents  are  received 
by  the  Poor  Association  of  Baltimore,  following  the  custom  of  the 
elder  Mr.  Walters,  who  adopted  it  in  1873. 

THE  WOMAN'S  COLLEGE  OF  BALTIMORE.    Museum. 

STAFF.     Director,  Arthur  Barneveld  Bibbins. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology  and  ethnol- 
ogy, native,  2o,ooo±,  foreign,  2ooo±.  Civilized  peoples,  ancient, 
500,  modern,  50. 

ART.  Sculpture,  1 2 ;  Prints  and  engravings,  iooo± ;  Oil  paintings, 
10 ;  Water  colors,  36;  Ceramics,  25;  Textiles,  12;  Lantern  slides,  400. 

ASTRONOMY.     $o±  lantern  slides  and  i  small  telescope. 

BOTANY.     Cryptogams,  2ooo±;  Phanerogams,  8ooo±". 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Oil,  iron,  tin,  copper,  zinc,  and  phos- 
phates, yooi. 

GEOGRAPHY.     Lantern  slides  and  stereographs,  5oo±. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  2o,ooo±;  Rocks,  iooo±;  Dynamic  and 
structural  geology,  relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  5oo±;  Microscopic 
slides,  35oo±. 

HISTORY.     American,  ioo±,  foreign,  50. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  iooo±,  in  storage, 
5o±;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  12,  types  and  figured  specimens,  2 
(miocene  whale  skulls);  Plants,  on  exhibition,  25o±,  in  storage,  5oo±, 
types  and  figured  specimens,  7  (cycads).  This  department  includes 
extensive  collections  from  the  Potomac  group,  comprising  more  than 
100  silicified  cycad  and  palm  trunks  from  Maryland. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  500;  Other  invertebrates,  100;  Fishes,  12; 
Reptiles,  2;  Birds  and  eggs,  2000;  Mammals,  10. 

OTHER  COLLECTIONS.  Coins  and  medals,  25oo±;  Babylonian 
tablets,  ancient  and  modern,  24±;  "Tyndall  Iceland  Spars"  and 
Foucault  prisms  valued  at  several  thousand  dollars.  President- 
emeritus  Goucher  also  has,  in  his  adjoining  residence,  a  select  collection 
of  rare  books,  prints,  ethnologic  and  mineralogic  material,  gems,  etc., 
which  he  considers  part  of  the  college  collections. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  about  1893, 
the  first  accession  being  a  collection  of  250  minerals  from  the  late 
John  W.  Lee  of  Baltimore.  Most  of  the  subsequent  accessions  have 
come  as  gifts  or  by  purchase  by  friends  of  the  college.  The  number  of 
objects  exceeds  100,000. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  occasional  college 
appropriations.  The  director  serves  without  salary,  in  connection 
with  his  duties  as  head  of  the  department  of  geology. 


104  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  the  center  pavilion  of  Goucher 
Hall,  erected  in  1886,  which  affords  about  2000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  exhibition,  and  about  1000  for  offices,  dark-room,  workroom, 
storeroom,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  president  of 
the  college. 

SCOPE.  College  instruction  is  the  primary  purpose  of  the  museum ; 
field  investigation  is  undertaken  as  time  permits. 

ZOOLOGICAL    PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  6  acres,  established  in 
1882,  containing  4  reptiles,  72  birds,  and  83  mammals. 

BELAIR: 

HARFORD  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  occupies  a  room  in  the  court  house,  in  which  it  main- 
tains a  collection  of  articles  of  local  historical  interest,  including 
photographs,  private  papers,  books,  files  of  county  newspapers,  etc. 
An  effort  is  being  made  to  secure  a  new  building  for  these  collec- 
tions in  combination  with  a  library  and  reading  room. 

ELLTCOTT   CITY: 

ROCK  HILL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  museum  including  about  800  photographs,  coins, 
musical  instruments,  native  manuscripts,  etc.  from  Ceylon,  and  plaster 
casts  of  American  Indian  relics;  a  herbarium  of  2500  specimens, 
including  a  complete  set  of  the  ferns  of  Howard  County;  and  a  teaching 
collection  of  about  2000  minerals. 


MASSACHUSETTS 

AMHERST: 

AMHERST  COLLEGE.    Museum. 

STAFF.  The  collections  are  in  charge  of  B.  K.  Emerson  (geology) 
and  F.  B.  Loomis  (zoology). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  3o,ooo±,  foreign,  5oo±; 
Ethnology,  native,  50,  foreign,  5oo±.  This  collection  comprises  about 
7000  specimens  from  the  Connecticut  Valley,  including  the  Gilbert 
collection  of  stone  relics  of  American  Indians  found  within  50  miles 
of  Amherst  College;  about  2000  from  the  Maine  shell  heaps;  2000  from 
New  England  in  general;  about  10,000  from  the  Champlain  Valley; 
and  about  10,000  from  the  United  States  in  general.  There  are  also 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  105 

500  bas-reliefs,  cylinders,  coins,  and  seals  from  Nineveh  and  Babylon. ' 
The  entrance  hall  of  the  library  is  also  lined  with  large  slabs  from  Nin- 
eveh. 

ART.  75  casts  of  Greek  sculpture;  1000  carbon  photographs  of 
Italian  art;  and  about  200  miscellaneous  objects  from  Assyria  and 
Babylon. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  4ooo±;  Phanerogams,  30oo±.  This  col- 
lection includes  the  Tuckerman  lichens. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  3ooo±,in  storage,  io,ooo±; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  iooo,in  storage,  io,ooo± ;  Dynamic  geology,  relief 
maps,  models,  etc.,  25.  The  greater  part  of  the  minerals  in  this  depart- 
ment are  in  the  Shepard  collection,  which  is  particularly  rich  in  rutiles 
from  Massachusetts  and  the  southern  Appalachian  region;  tourmalines 
from  Paris,  Maine;  a  very  complete  collection  of  gems;  and  a  meteorite 
collection  of  great  value,  including  118  aerosiderites  and  180  aerolites. 
There  are  2000  specimens  illustrating  concretionary  forms  and  meta- 
morphism;  many  thin  sections  of  rocks;  and  large  collections  illustrating 
the  early  geological  surveys  of  the  New  England  states,  Vermont  by 
Prof.  C.  B.  Adams,  Connecticut  by  Prof.  C.  U.  Shepard,  and  Mass- 
achusetts by  President  E.  Hitchcock. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  yoooi,  in  stor- 
age, 25,ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  25;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 300,  in  storage,  iooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  40;  Plants, 
on  exhibition,  3oo±,  in  storage,  ioo±.  Important  mounted  skeletons 
and  restorations  include  Megacerops  ty/mLoomis  (type),  Stegmodus 
longipes  E.  and  L.  (type),  Eohippus  borealis,  Mesohippus  bairdi, 
Stenomylus  hitchcocki  (type).  The  Hitchcock  collection  of  fossil 
footprints  from  the  Connecticut  Valley  is  especially  noteworthy, 
numbering  over  20,000  tracks  containing  most  of  the  types.  There 
is  also  an  exceptionally  full  series  of  vertebrate  fossils  from  southern 
pleistocene  formations;  a  general  collection  of  foreign  material;  and 
a  unique  series  of  carboniferous  fishes  from  Scotland. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  20,000,  in  storage,  10,000,  types 
and  figured  specimens,  300^;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  100,  in  storage, 
100;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  400;  Fishes, 
40;  Batrachians,  25;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  400,  in  storage, 
300;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  100,  in  storage,  100.  i  large  winter 
group  of  seed-eating  birds  is  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings,  and 
more  are  contemplated. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  an  income  of  $900 
annually  from  endowment;  additional  support  from  the  college;  and 


I06  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

irregular  amounts  from  subscriptions,  averaging  about  $800  a  year. 
Funds  received  from  subscriptions  are  chiefly  used  for  buying  specific 
collections  or  for  sending  out  field  parties. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  10,000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  exhibition  in  a  building  erected  by  the  college  in  1909,  at  a 
cost  of  $90,000. 

SCOPE.    College  teaching,  exploration,  and  research. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public  daily. 

MASSACHUSETTS  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  in  connection  with  its 
several  departments,  as  follows: 

AGRONOMY.  Samples  of  grains  and  seeds  of  economic  impor- 
tance in  field  culture. 

ANIMAL  HUSBANDRY.  A  set  of  plaster-of-paris  models  of  foreign 
and  domestic  breeds  of  horses,  cattle,  sheep,  and  swine;  and  a  col- 
lection of  food  stuffs  available  for  the  use  of  the  New  England  farmer. 

BOTANY.  A  collection  of  Massachusetts  timber  trees,  and  various 
specimens  illustrating  scientific  methods  of  treating  trees;  and  a 
herbarium  comprising  12,000  sheets  of  fungi,  1200  sheets  of  lichens 
and  liverworts,  1200  sheets  of  mosses,  and  15,000  species  of  flowering 
plants  and  ferns.  There  is  also  a  conservatory  28  x  70  feet. 

CHEMISTRY.  Samples  of  rocks,  minerals,  soils,  raw  and  manu- 
factured fertilizers,  foods,  milk  products,  fibers,  various  other  vege- 
table and  animal  products,  and  artificial  preparations  of  mineral  and 
organic  compounds. 

ENTOMOLOGY.  A  large  and  growing  collection  of  insects,  both 
in  the  adult  and  in  the  early  stages. 

FLORICULTURE.  A  series  of  palm,  fern,  orchid,  violet,  carnation, 
and  rose  greeenhouses. 

GEOLOGY.  A  large  series  of  minerals;  the  state  collection  of  rocks 
of  Massachusetts;  a  series  of  Ward's  fossils  and  casts  of  fossils; 
models,  charts,  etc. 

VETERINARY  SCIENCE.  Skeletons  of  the  horse,  cow,  sheep,  dog, 
and  pig;  and  a  growing  collection  of  anatomical  and  pathological 
specimens. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  museum  of  over  11,000  specimens  designed  to  show 
as  fully  as  possible  the  fauna  of  Massachusetts,  and  the  principles 
of  zoology  for  teaching  purposes.  This  museum  is  in  charge  of  C. 
E.  Gordon,  curator,  and  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  Saturdays  from 
i  to  5  and  on  other  week-days  from  2.15  to  4.15. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  1 07 

ANDOVER: 

ABBOT  ACADEMY.    John-Esther  Gallery. 

A  small  collection  of  paintings,  engravings,  bronzes,  and  other 
works  of  art  is  administered  by  the  trustees  and  principal  of  the  acad- 
emy for  the  benefit  of  the  students  and  the  local  public.  Both  the 
collections  and  the  building,  which  was  erected  in  1905-7  at  a  cost  of 
$41,000,  are  the  gift  by  will  of  Mrs.  John  Byers  of  Andover.  The 
gallery  is  in  charge  of  a  curator  and  janitor  and  is  open  to  the  public 
every  Saturday  afternoon  from  2  to  5,  with  an  average  attendance  of 
12.  Loan  collections  are  exhibited  from  time*  to  time. 

The  academy  also  possesses  teaching  collections  comprising  goo± 
photographs;  6oo±  lantern  slides;  4oo±  rocks;  3Ooo±  invertebrates, 
chiefly  shells;  and  150  birds,  chiefly  African. 

PHILLIPS  ACADEMY.     Department  of  American  Archaeology. 

This  department  was  founded  in  1901  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  R.  S. 
Peabody,  who  provided  an  endowment  of  about  $187,000  and  40,000 
specimens  as  the  nucleus  of  a  museum.  The  collections  now  include 
74,600  specimens  of  American  archeology  and  are  in  charge  of  Charles 
Peabody,  director,  and  Warren  K.  Moorehead,  curator,  assisted  by  2 
clerks,  i  messenger,  and  i  janitor.  There  is  a  library  of  about  4000 
volumes  on  archeology  and  history.  Public  lectures  are  given  during 
the  winter  and  four  archeological  bulletins  have  been  issued;  "The 
Stone  Age"  in  two  volumes,  by  W.  K.  Moorehead,  is  planned  for  pub- 
lication in  1910. 

The  building  occupied  by  the  department  and  museum  was  erected 
in  1903  at  a  cost  of  $50,000;  it  occupies  the  site  oHhe  original  Phillips 
Academy.  This  is  said  to  be  the  only  preparatory  school  in  the  world 
which  has  a  department  of  archeology. 

BEVERLY: 

BEVERLY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  recording  secretary  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a 
museum,  but  no  further  information  has  been  received. 

BOSTON: 

BOSTONIAN  SOCIETY.     Old  State  House. 

This  society  is  organized  to  promote  the  study  of  the  history  of 
Boston  and  the  preservation  of  its  antiquities.  It  maintains  in  the 
Old  State  House  a  large  collection  of  portraits  and  historical  relics, 
as  well  as  .a  library  of  about  5000  volumes  and  pamphlets.  The 


I08  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

financial  support  of  the  society  consists  of  the  income  from  invested 
funds,  fees  of  annual  members,  and  annual  grants  from  the  common- 
wealth of  Massachusetts  and  the  city  of  Boston.  The  collections 
are  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  holidays,  from  9 
to  4.  In  summer  the  hours  are  9  to  4.30  (Saturdays,  9  to  i). 

BOSTON  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Charles  W.  Johnson;  Assistant  curator,  Joseph 
A.  Cushman;  Assistants,  L.  R.  Martin  and  M.  E.  Carter. 

BOTANY.  The  C.  J.  Sprague  collection  of  2550  North  American 
lichens;  250  specimens  from  the  Cummings,  Williams,  Earle,  and  Sey- 
mour collections  of  700  lichens  and  fungi;  a  special  New  England  her- 
barium of  io,ooc±  specimens;  a  general  herbarium  of  5o,ooo±  speci- 
mens; and  an  exhibition  series  of  common  flowering  plants,  trees,  and 
shrubs. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  5150;  Rocks,  4000;  Relief  maps,  models, 
etc.,  32. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  American,  2600,  foreign,  2900, 
types  and  figured  specimens,  106;  Vertebrates,  American,  354,  foreign, 
535,  types  and  figured  specimens,  34;  Plants,  American,  395,  foreign, 
322,  types  and  figured  specimens,  41.  There  are  in  addition  9000+ 
fossils  in  storage. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  3500,  in  storage,  15, 500; Insects, 
on  exhibition,  5000,  in  storage,  25,000+,  types  and  figured  specimens, 
150+;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  1550,  in  storage,  3000+, 
types  and  figured  specimens,  50+;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  400,  in  stor- 
age, 3000+,  types  and  figured  specimens,  25+;  Batrachians,  250; 
Reptiles,  500;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  12,000,  types  and  figured  specimens, 
724;  Mammals,  400.  The  museum  collection  includes  the  following 
New  England  species:  Echinoderms,  33;  Mollusks,  350;  Crustacea, 
IS°+',  Spiders,  mites,  etc.,  250+;  Insects,  6500;  Fishes,  180;  Reptiles 
and  amphibians,  41 ;  Birds,  322 ;  Mammals,  68.  There  are  8  large  and 
52  small  groups  of  animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  society  was  founded  in  1830  as  an 
outgrowth  of  the  earlier  Linnaean  Society  of  New  England.  It  occu- 
pied the  old  Atheneum  building  on  Pearl  Street  for  three  years;  as 
a  result  of  the  rapid  growth  of  the  museum  and  library  a  new  hall 
on  Tremont  Street  was  then  occupied  and  this  too  was  soon  outgrown; 
in  1847  a  building  on  Mason  Street  was  purchased  and  in  1863  the 
present  building  was  erected. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    By  the  general  funds  of  the  society,  which 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  IOQ 

include  an  annual  income  of  $13,761  from  endowment,  $1390  from 
memberships,  and  $105  from  admission  fees  to  the  museum. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1863  at  a  cost  of  $100,000  defrayed  by  sub- 
scription; it  affords  19,330  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition, 
3800  for  the  library,  and  2720  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  acting  under  a  museum  com- 
mittee, responsible  to  a  board  of  24  councilors  elected  by  the  society. 

SCOPE.  Maintenance  of  collections  of  New  England  fauna  and 
flora,  and  research. 

LIBRARY.  35,000  volumes  and  27,000  'pamphlets  on  geology, 
botany,  zoology,  and  anthropology.  Open  to  members  daily  except 
Sundays,  and  accessible  to  others  under  certain  restrictions.  It  in- 
cludes sets  of  journals  and  transactions  of  learned  societies  in  all 
parts  of  the  world,  many  of  which  are  not  available  elsewhere  in  the 
vicinity  of  Boston. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  publications  were  begun  in  1834  and  now 
consist  of  (i)  Memoirs,  (2)  Proceedings,  and  (3)  Occasional  Papers. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  Wednesdays  and  Satur- 
days from  10  to  4.30,  and  on  Sunday  afternoons  from  i  to  4.30.  On 
other  week-days  an  admission  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged.  No  statistics 
of  attendance  are  available. 

HARVARD  MEDICAL  SCHOOL.    Warren  Anatomical  Museum. 

The  museum  comprises  10,000  specimens,  illustrating  normal, 
pathological,  and  comparative  anatomy,  designed  for  use  in  medical 
instruction  and  research,  and  under  the  care  of  William  F.  Whitney, 
curator,  and  one  preparator.  The  collection  occupies  the  entire  upper 
half  of  the  administration  building  with  a  floor  space  of  8640  square 
feet,  and  is  exhibited  in  alcove  cases  on  the  floor  and  two  galleries. 
It  is  supported  by  the  income  from  the  Warren  Museum  fund  and  the 
Henry  Jackson  endowment. 

MASSACHUSETTS  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
concerning  this  society,  which  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  have  been 
organized  in  1791  and  to  maintain  a  museum. 

MASSACHUSETTS  INSTITUTE  OF  TECHNOLOGY. 

Although  a  museum  was  originally  intended  to  be  a  part  of  the 
institute,  none  has  ever  been  organized.  The  teaching  collections, 
however,  include  about  10,000  fossils,  10,000  minerals,  8000  rocks  and 
economic  specimens,  and  2000  specimens  in  structural  geology. 


HO  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

MUSEUM  OF  FINE  ARTS. 

STAFF.  Director,  Arthur  Fairbanks;  Secretary,  Benjamin  Ives 
Oilman;  Advisor,  Okakura-Kakuzo  (Chinese  and  Japanese  art); 
Head  of  Egyptian  expedition,  G.  A.  Reisner;  Honorary  curator, 
Frank  G.  Macomber  (Western  art  except  paintings  and  textiles); 
Curators,  Emil  H.  Richter  (prints),  Arthur  Fairbanks  (classical  art); 
Associate  curators,  Francis  G.  Curtis  (Chinese  and  Japanese  art); 
Assistant  curators,  Lacey  D.  Caskey  (classical  art),  Langdon  Warner 
(Chinese  and  Japanese  art);  Keepers,  Edward  S.  Morse  (Japanese 
pottery),  Francis  S.  Kershaw  (Chinese  and  Japanese  art),  John  B. 
Potter  (paintings);  Docent,  L.  Earle  Rowe;  Secretary  to  director  and 
registrar,  Sidney  N.  Deane;  Librarian,  Morris  Carter;  Assistants, 
J.  Arthur  McLean  (Chinese  and  Japanese  art),  L.  Earle  Rowe  (Egyp- 
tian art),  Florence  V.  Paull  (Western  art  except  paintings  and  textiles), 
Sarah  G.  Flint  (textiles),  Francis  E.  Turner  (photographs);  Assistant 
librarian,  Martha  Fenderson;  Superintendent  of  building,  W.  W.  Mc- 
Lean; Assistant  superintendent,  James  F.  McCabe;  24  office  assistants; 
30  superintendent's  assistants. 

COLLECTIONS.  Egyptian  Art:  Sculptures,  including  royal  statues 
from  the  Mycerinus  Pyramid  Temple  at  Gizeh;  smaller  objects  includ- 
ing cut  leather  garment  of  1350  B.  c.,  gold  ornaments,  and  tiles. 
Classical  Art:  Sculptures,  including  Three-sided  Relief  (5th  century), 
Head  of  Aphrodite,  female  head  from  Chios  (4th  century),  Head  of 
Homer  (Hellenistic) ;  terra  cottas,  including  Portrait-Head  (Roman) ; 
vases;  bronzes;  coins;  and  gems,  including  Marlborough  Cameo 
(Graeco-Roman).  Chinese  and  Japanese  Art:  Sculptures  of  wood, 
bronze,  marble,  and  lacquer  from  the  5th  century  to  the  present  time; 
paintings,  including  the  Hokke  Mandara  (5th  century)  and  the  Heiji 
Monogatari  Roll  (13  th  century) ;  early  Chinese  pottery;  Chinese  bronze 
mirrors,  swords,  and  lesser  works  in  sculptured  iron,  bronze,  silver, 
and  gold;  lacquers  and  porcelains.  Western  Art.  Paintings:  Spanish, 
Italian,  Flemish,  Dutch,  French,  English,  and  American,  including  Don 
Baltazar  Carlos  and  His  Dwarf,  Velasquez;  Slave  Ship, Turner;  Wat- 
son and  the  Shark,  Copley;  Athenaeum  Heads  of  George  and  Martha 
Washington,  Stuart.  Mohammedan  Art:  Pottery,  including  Sears 
Persian  Lustre  bowl  foth  century),  Persian  illuminations,  rugs,  and 
velvets.  European  Art:  Textiles,  including  Flemish  tapestries  (i^th 
and  early  i6th  centuries);  sculpture,  including  Head  of  Ceres  by 
Auguste  Rodin;  smaller  objects,  including  Paul  Revere  silver.  Other 
Collections:  Casts  from  Greek,  Roman,  and  Italian  renaissance  sculp- 
ture; and  a  collection  of  60,000  prints. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  III 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  incorporated  February 
3,  1870,  to  collect  and  exhibit  works  of  fine  art  and  to  give  instruction 
in  the  fine  arts.  The  first  building  on  Copley  Square  was  opened  in 
1876,  enlarged  in  1878  and  1888,  and  closed  May  2,  1909.  The  pres- 
ent building  on  the  Fenway  was  opened  November  15,  1909. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  received  the  following 
amounts  applicable  to  current  expenses  during  the  year  1909  (from 
May  2  to  November  1 5  the  museum  was  closed) :  Income  from  endow- 
ment, $48,391.07;  annual  subscriptions,  $23,990;  admission  fees, 
$1827.25;  sales  of  catalogs,  casts,  etc.,  $1069.91.  The  expenses  were 
$82,322.93.  Additions  to  the  endowment  of  the  museum  for-  mainte- 
nance and  other  purposes  amounted  to  $193,864.02.  Contributions 
for  special  current  purposes  amounted  to  $17,246.88. 

BUILDING.  The  present  building  was  erected  in  1907-9,  on  a  lot 
of  twelve  acres  fronting  the  Fenway,  at  a  cost  of  about  $2,900,000,  of 
which  about  $1,200,000  represents  the  cost  of  the  land  and  improve- 
ments, $1,600,000  the  cost  of  the  building,  and  $100,000  the  cost  of 
moving  and  installation.  These  expenditures  have  been  defrayed 
from  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  old  building,  about  $1,750,000, 
contributions  from  private  individuals,  about  $600,000,  and  appropria- 
tions from  the  museum  endowment,  about  $500,000.  The  building 
is  planned  as  a  part  of  a  larger  whole,  to  occupy  the  entire  property, 
and  consisting  of  the  museum  proper,  a  hall  of  casts,  and  a  school 
building.  The  present  building,  about  two-fifths  of  the  future  museum 
proper,  contains  eight  structurally  separate  departments,  the  main 
floor  being  chiefly  devoted  to  exhibitions  historically  arranged,  and 
the  ground  floor  to  reserve  collections  accessible!^  all  visitors,  and  to 
study  and  administration  rooms,  both  floors  being  abundantly  lighted, 
mostly  by  high  windows.  The  building  affords  94,882  square  feet  of 
floor  space  for  primary  exhibition  purposes,  and  82,437  for  reserve 
collections,  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  of  trustees,  including  representa- 
tives of  Harvard  University  and  other  institutions,  the  city,  and  the 
state,  acting  through  an  executive  committee  whose  chairman  and 
administrative  officer  is  the  director  of  the  museum.  There  are  also 
visiting  and  advisory  committees  of  citizens. 

SCOPE.  The  purposes  of  the  museum  are  (i)  to  preserve  works  of 
art  in  a  special  building  from  destruction  and  oblivion;  (2)  to  impart 
knowledge  and  skill  in  the  field  of  fine  art. 

The  museum  seeks  to  attain  the  first  purpose  by  securing  in  its 
building  the  best  conditions  of  safety;  further  by  providing  exhibition 


112  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

galleries  in  which  each  object  is  shown  to  the  best  possible  advantage ; 
by  stimulating  public  interest  through  alternative  exhibitions  drawn 
from  collections  held  in  reserve;  and  by  promoting  public  understand- 
ing of  the  objects  shown  through  their  oral  as  well  as  printed  interpre- 
tation. The  methods  of  oral  interpretation  employed  include  gallery 
conferences  by  officers  of  the  museum  and  other  competent  persons  on 
objects  shown  at  the  time;  the  assignment  of  these  and  other  speakers 
under  the  title  of  Decent  to  the  duty  of  meeting  visitors  singly  or  in 
groups  in  the  galleries  to  give  information  about  the  exhibits.  Printed 
aids  to  understanding  the  collections  include,  beside  the  publications 
of  the  museum  and  photographs  sold  at  the  door,  lists  of  objects 
relating  to  historical  periods,  and  loan  collections  of  photographs  and 
lantern  slides,  both  offered  to  teachers,  and  half-tones  and  postal 
cards  illustrating  museum  objects  offered  to  school  children  and  the 
public. 

The  museum  seeks  to  attain  the  second  purpose  by  providing 
reserve  galleries  in  which  each  object  can  be  studied  to  the  best  advan- 
tage; by  offering  special  students  opportunities  for  work  in  the  depart- 
ment offices;  by  publishing  catalogs  of  permanent  value;  by  arranging 
courses  of  lectures  entitling  to  college  credit  on  subjects  germane  to 
the  collections;  by  maintaining  a  public  inventory  of  works  of  art 
outside  the  museum  interesting  and  accessible  to  the  Boston  public, 
under  the  title  of  a  Register  of  Local  Art;  and  by  giving  the  best  instruc- 
tion possible  in  the  arts  of  drawing,  painting,  modeling,  and  designing 
in  the  school  of  the  museum.  The  school,  now  occupying  a  separate 
building  on  the  museum  property,  succeeds  independent  classes  per- 
mitted in  1876  the  use  of  unoccupied  rooms  in  the  first  building. 
It  offers  a  number  of  scholarships  and  prizes.  The  pupils  number 
about  250  annually. 

LIBRARY.  13,074  volumes,  958  pamphlets,  and  30,824  photo- 
graphs; all  chosen  with  special  reference  to  the  museum  collections 
and  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Bulletin,  published  bi-monthly.  (2)  Annual 
Report,  published  in  March.  (3)  A  handbook  and  other  volumes 
illustrating  the  collections,  including  catalogs  of  Greek  and  Roman 
casts,  Italian  renaissance  sculpture,  Greek  coins,  early  American  en- 
graving, American  silver,  Japanese  sword  guards,  Japanese  pottery, 
and  Chinese  pottery. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  daily,  except  Fourth  of  July,  Thanksgiving, 
and  Christmas;  on  week-days  from  9  to  5  (November  to  March,  9  to 
4),  Sundays  from  i  to  5.  Admission  is  free  on  Saturdays,  Sundays 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  113 

and  public  holidays;  on  other  days  an  entrance  fee  of  25  cents  is 
charged.  In  1908  there  were  18,849  Paid  admissions  and  218,025 
free  admissions. 

OLD  SOUTH  ASSOCIATION.     Old  South  Meeting  House. 

STAFF.     Custodian,  Mrs.  S.  C.  Libby. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  Warren  collection  of  relics  relating  to  Dr. 
Warren  and  Bunker  Hill,  lent  by  Dr.  Warren's  family;  a  considerable 
number  of  relics  of  Washington  of  the  highest  importance  and  authen- 
ticity, lent  by  the  Augustus  Hemenway  trustees;  a  substantially 
complete  set  of  furniture  and  articles  of  domestic  use  of  the  colonial 
period;  and  a  large  and  varied  collection  of  other  objects  of  historical 
interest. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Old  South  Association  was  incorporated 
in  1876  for  the  permanent  preservation  of  the  historic  building  from 
which  it  derives  its  name.  The  present  collection  was  formed  at 
the  time  by  a  committee  of  ladies  from  various  sources  and  the 
admission  fees  were  a  portion  of  the  resources  from  which  the  Old 
South  was  saved  and  thereafter  kept  open. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  admission  fees,  supplemented  by  other 
revenues  of  the  corporation. 

BUILDING.  The  site  of  the  Old  South  Meeting  House  has  bee*n 
continuously  occupied  by  a  church  building  for  a  longer  time  than 
any  other  ground  in  Boston.  The  present  building  was  erected  in 
1729.  After  a  long  and  intimate  association  with  local  historical 
events  it  was  sold  in  1876  that  the  lot  might  be  used  for  business 
purposes.  The  Old  South  Association,  organizetUit  this  time,  rescued 
it  from  destruction  by  purchasing  the  lot  and  building  at  a  cost  of 
$400,000.  The  building  occupies  about  10,000  square  feet  of  land. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  purpose  of  the  association  is  the  preserva- 
tion of  the  Old  South  Meeting  House;  the  maintenance  of  the  museum 
is  incidental  to  this.  Under  the  name  of  "Directors  of  the  Old  South 
Work,"  with  the  assistance  of  a  trust  fund  from  the  estate  of  the 
late  Mary  Hemenway,  the  corporation  carries  on  a  considerable 
educational  work  in  early  American  history,  including  summer  lec- 
tures for  school  children  and  the  publications  described  below. 

PUBLICATIONS.  A  series  of  reprints  of  important  original  papers, 
accompanied  by  useful  historical  and  bibliographical  notes,  is  issued 
under  the  title  Old  South  Leaflets,  with  the  object  of  interesting 
young  people  in  American  history  and  politics.  Of  these  leaflets, 
202  have  been  published  up  to  June,  1910,  consisting  of  about  16 


II4  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

pages  each,  sold  at  5  cents  per  copy,  or  $4  per  hundred.  These  are 
extensively  used  for  class  work  in  schools  and  colleges  throughout 
the  United  States. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  public  on  payment  of  a  fee  of  25 
cents  on  week-days  from  9  to  5.  The  attendance  during  1909  was 
11,140. 

CAMBRIDGE: 

CAMBRIDGE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.     (Public  Library.) 

This  society  was  organized  in  1905  and  has  received  by  gift  and 
exchange  a  number  of  books  and  pamphlets  of  historical  interest  and 
a  few  articles  as  the  nucleus  of  a  historical  museum.  The  society  has 
published  annual  Proceedings  since  1906.  The  collections  are  in 
charge  of  Clarence  Walter  Ayer,  curator. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY. 

The  University  Museum  includes  the  Peabody  Museum  of  Ameri- 
can Archaeology  and  Ethnology;  the  Botanical,  Geological,  and 
Mineralogical  museums;  and  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology. 
The  museum  of  the  Department  of  Architecture,  the  William  Hayes 
Fogg  Art  Museum,  the  Botanical  Garden,  the  Collection  of  Classical 
Antiquities,  the  Germanic  Museum,  the  Gray  Herbarium,  the  Semitic 
Museum,  and  the  Social  Museum  are  separate  institutions  responsi- 
ble independently  to  the  president  and  fellows  of  Harvard  University. 
The  museum  of  the  Harvard  Medical  School  is  listed  separately  under 
Boston. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.  Peabody  Museum  of  American  Ar- 
chaeology and  Ethnology  (Anthropological  Section  of  the 
University  Museum) . 

STAFF.  Honorary  curator  in  charge,  Frederic  W.  Putnam; 
Assistant  curator,  Charles  C.  Willoughby;  Librarian  and  assistant 
in  ethnology,  Roland  B.  Dixon;  Assistant  and  secretary,  Frances  H. 
Mead;  Assistants,  Jane  Smith,  Zelia  Nuttall  (Mexican  archeology), 
William  C.  Farabee  (somatology),  Alfred  M.  Tozzer  (Central  Ameri- 
can archeology),  Charles  Peabody  (European  archeology),  Richard 
F.  Carroll  (library);  Thaw  fellow  and  assistant  in  ethnology,  Alice 
C.  Fletcher;  i  fireman  and  janitor,  and  2  caretakers. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  museum  is  especially  rich  in  rare  old  ethno- 
logical material  pertaining  to  the  North  American  Indians.  By  per- 
sistant  efforts  to  bring  together  in  the  Peabody  Museum  the  ethno- 
logical material  in  older  institutions  in  Boston  and  vicinity,  it  has 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  11$ 

been  made  the  depository  of  invaluable  collections  from  the  Boston 
Marine  Society,  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  the  Boston 
Atheneum,  the  Boston  Society  of  Natural  History,  the  American  Anti- 
quarian Society,  the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  the 
old  Boston  Museum.  In  the  collections  from  the  old  Boston  Museum 
are  a  number  of  specimens  that  were  once  in  the  famous  Peale  Museum 
of  Philadelphia,  including  several  from  the  Lewis  and  Clark  Expedition. 
The  museum  has  also  a  few  specimens  collected  by  Catlin.  A  Massa- 
chusetts Indian  bow,  the  only  one  in  existence,  dating  from  1865, 
was  received  from  the  American  Antiquarian  Society.  The  museum 
has  been  constantly  receiving  additions  from  individual  patrons. 
In  the  tribal  exhibits  are  many  old  Indian  baskets  that  are  espe- 
cially fine. 

The  order  of  exhibits  is  as  follows:  on  the  first  floor,  Mississippi 
Valley  archeology  and  North  American  ethnology;  on  the  second  floor, 
Old  World  archeology  and  North  American  archeology  and  ethnology; 
on  the  third  floor,  South  American  archeology  and  ethnology,  and 
North  American,  Mexican,  and  Central  American  archeology;  on  the 
fourth  floor,  ethnology  of  South  America,  Africa,  Borneo,  and  the 
Pacific  Islands,  and  Mexican  and  Central  American  archeology;  on 
the  fifth  floor,  human  skeletons  and  crania,  and  the  Pueblo  collections. 

In  the  arrangement  of  exhibits  the  primary  object  is  to  furnish 
the  means  for  comparative  study  and  thus  to  make  the  collections 
of  importance  to  students,  as  well  as  of  educational  interest  to  the 
general  public.  The  geographical  and  ethnographical  system  has 
been  followed,  so  that  the  student  has  certain  naturally  limited 
groups  to  study  and  to  compare  both  in  archeology  and  ethnology. 
These  groups  are  made  as  complete  as  possible  in  order  to  present 
as  a  whole  the  archeology  of  a  special  region,  or  the  customs,  arts, 
and  costumes  of  each  tribe  or  people  represented.  In  this  way  all 
that  is  possible  to  glean  of  the  life  history  of  past  and  present  peoples 
from  specimens  of  their  handiwork  and  from  exemplification  of  their 
achievements  is  shown  in  the  various  exhibits.  The  story  of  man's 
past  and  of  his  condition  in  savagery,  in  barbarism,  and  in  the  begin- 
nings of  civilization  is  illustrated.  In  the  somatological  collections 
the  opportunity  is  afforded  for  a  comparative  study  of  the  physical 
characteristics  of  the  various  races. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  In  1866  George  Peabody  gave  $150,000 
for  the  foundation  of  a  museum  of  American  archeology  and  ethnology 
and  for  a  professorship  for  the  teaching  of  these  subjects.  The  exten- 
sive explorations  carried  on  by  the  museum  and  other  circumstances 


H6  DIRECTORY  OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

have  resulted  in  its  becoming  at  present  a  museum  of  general  anthro- 
pology. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  original  Peabody  endowment  of 
$150,000  was  divided  into  three  funds:  a  building  fund  of  $60,000, -a 
collection  fund  of  $45,000,  and  a  professorship  fund  of  $45,000.  The 
following  endowments  have  since  been  established :  the  Thaw  fellow- 
ship of  $30,000,  the  Hemenway  fellowship  of  $10,000,  the  Winthrop 
scholarship  of  $5000,  the  Huntington  Frothingham  Wolcott  fund  of 
$20,000,  the  Henry  C.  Warren  fund  of  $10,000,  and  the  Susan  C. 
Warren  fund  of  $5000.  For  the  past  three  years  a  fellowship  in 
Central  American  archeology  has  been  maintained  by  a  friehd  of 
the  museum.  Other  gifts  for  various  purposes  are  received  each 
year. 

BUILDING.  In  1877  the  first  section  of  the  present  fireproof 
building  on  Divinity  Avenue  was  erected.  In  1889  the  second  por- 
tion of  the  building  was  erected,  forming  one-half  of  the  structure 
planned  for  the  southern  wing  of  the  university  museum.  The  com- 
pletion is  required  for  the  proper  exhibition  of  the  collections. 

SCOPE.  Exploration  and  research,  and  university  teaching.  The 
museum  is  especially  noted  for  its  many  and  thorough  explorations, 
especially  of  the  shellheaps  and  village  sites  of  the  Atlantic  states, 
and  the  burial  places,  village  sites,  mounds,  and  earthworks  of  the 
Ohio  Valley;  for  its  long  continued  researches  in  the  Delaware  Valley; 
and  for  its  expeditions  to  Central  and  South  America. 

LIBRARY.  3847  volumes  and  3960  pamphlets  covering  all  branches 
of  anthropology  and  especially  rich  in  complete  sets  of  the  anthropo- 
logical series  of  publications  of  the  world. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports;  (2)  Papers;  (3)  Memoirs; 
(4)  Special  publications. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  holi- 
days, from  9  to  5. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     Botanical  Section  of  the  University 
Museum. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  requests  for  information  regard- 
ing the  collections  of  this  .department,  which  include  extensive 
cryptogamic  herbaria;  economic  exhibits;  the  Ware  collection  of 
Blaschka  glass  models  of  plants  and  flowers;  etc. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     Geological  Section  of  the  University 
Museum. 

This  section,  for  which  three  rooms  are  provided,  is  as  yet  incom- 
plete. The  more  noteworthy  objects  at  present  include  the  Curtis 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL   SCIENCES  1 17 

geographical  model  of  Boston  and  vicinity;  a  model  of  the  Dents  du 
Midi  by  students  of  Professor  Heim;  a  collection  of  relics  from  St. 
Pierre,  Martinique;  etc. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  Gardner  collection  includes  over 
5700  photographs  and  5400  lantern  slides  intended  for  instruction 
and  exhibition.  This  collection  is  maintained  and  increased  by  the 
income  of  a  fund  established  for  this  purpose  in  1880  by  George  A. 
Gardner,  Esq.,  of  Boston.  It  is  in  charge  of  Edward  Wigglesworth, 
curator. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     Mineralogical  Section  of  the  Univer- 
sity Museum. 

The  exhibition  collections  comprise  about  10,000  minerals  arranged 
to  illustrate  systematic  mineralogy  and  the  physical  properties  of 
minerals  and  crystals  and  their  occurrence,  and  a  large  collection  of 
meteorites.  The  study  series  comprises  a  large  stock  of  minerals 
and  rocks. 

HARVARD    UNIVERSITY.      Museum   of  Comparative  Zoology 
(Zoological  Section  of  the  University  Museum). 

STAFF.  Curator,  Samuel  Henshaw;  Assistants,  Walter  Faxon 
(in  charge  of  Crustacea  and  mollusca),  Samuel  Garman  (herpetology 
and  ichthyology),  William  Brewster  (in  charge  of  birds),  W.  McM. 
Woodworth  (in  charge  of  worms),  Charles  R.  Eastman  (vertebrate 
paleontology),  Outram  Bangs  (in  charge  of  mammals),  Hubert  L. 
Clark  and  Henry  B.  Bigelow  (invertebrate  zoology),  Robert  W. 
Sayles  (in  charge  of  the  geological  exhibition  collections);  Librarian 
emerita,  Frances  M.  Slack;  Artist,  Magnus  Westergreen;  Preparator, 
George  Nelson. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  exhibition  space  is  devoted  to  systematic  collec- 
tions of  typical  animals,  to  special  collections,  and  to  faunal  collec- 
tions illustrating  geographic  distribution  throughout  the  world. 
The  study  series  contains  the  greater  part  of  the  collections.  No 
information  is  available  as  to  the  extent  of  the  collections. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  had  its  origin  in  the  zoologi- 
cal collections  accumulated  by  Professor  Louis  Agassiz,  which  were 
purchased  in  1852  for  Harvard  College  at  a  cost  of  $12,000,  raised 
by  private  subscriptions.  In  1858  the  corporation  of  Harvard  Uni- 
versity made  a  small  monthly  allowance  for  the  care  of  the  collection. 
In  1859  Professor  Agassiz  obtained  a  grant  from  the  legislature  of 
Massachusetts  of  $100,000,  and  at  the  same  time  $71,125  was  raised 
by  private  subscription  for  the  museum.  The  museum  was  incor- 
porated in  1859,  and  received  through  Mr.  William  Gray  the  sum  of 


U8  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

$50,000  left  to  him  by  Mr.  Francis  C.  Gray  for  the  establishment  of 
a  museum,  to  be  under  the  charge  of  an  independent  faculty,  responsi- 
ble only  to  the  corporation  and  overseers  of  Harvard  University. 
Harvard  granted  to  the  museum  the  land  it  now  occupies,  and  the 
construction  of  the  building  was  begun  in  1859.  In  addition  to  its 
initial  grant  of  $100,000,  which  was  paid  in  three  years  (1861,  1863, 
and  1864)  the  legislature  of  Massachusetts  has  paid  to  the  museum 
the  sum  of  $193,500. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  the  income  from  an  endowment  of 
about  $600,000. 

BUILDING.  Various  portions  of  the  building  have  been  erected 
in  1859-60,  1871-72,  1877,  1880-82,  1888-89,  and  1901-02.  The 
building  with  its  collections  and  libraries  represents  an  outlay  of  more 
than  $1,225,000. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  museum  faculty. 

SCOPE.  Research  and  exploration.  Facilities  for  instruction 
in  zoology  and  geology  are  provided  for  students  in  Harvard  Uni- 
versity, and  exhibiton  collections  for  the  use  of  the  public. 

LIBRARY.    About  46,000  volumes. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports;  (2)  Bulletin,  of  which  51 
volumes  had  been  issued  at  the  end  of  1909;  (3)  Memoirs,  of  which 
30  volumes  have  been  published.  These  publications  are  issued 
at  irregular  intervals,  one  volume  of  the  Bulletin  and  a  half  volume 
of  the  Memoirs  usually  appearing  annually.  They  are  devoted  to 
the  publication  of  original  work  by  the  staff  and  of  investigations 
carried  on  by  students  and  others  in  the  laboratories,  or  by  specialists 
on  the  museum  collections. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  exhibition  collections  of  the  museum  are 
open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  Christmas  and  Fourth 
of  July,  from  9  to  5,  and  on  Sundays  from  i  to  5. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     Department  of  Architecture. 

This  department  is  housed  in  Nelson  Robinson  Jr.  Hall,  which 
contains  on  the  ground  floor  a  Hall  of  Casts,  running  through  two 
stories.  It  contains  a  number  of  full-size  models  of  details  from  impor- 
tant architectural  monuments;  a  remarkably  fine  series  of  casts  from 
Greek  architectural  detail,  made  for  the  department  in  Athens  and 
including  several  casts  from  objects  never  hitherto  reproduced;  an 
important  series  of  original  fragments,  chiefly  marble,  of  Greek, 
Roman,  and  Italian  renaissance  detail;  and  valuable  loan  collections 
of  oriental  embroideries,  textiles,  prints,  architectural  drawings> 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  1 19 

etc.  The  library  comprises  over  1000  bound  volumes,  besides  245 
portfolios  containing  mounted  plates,  and  more  than  12,000 
photographs.  The  collections  are  in  charge  of  H.  Langford  Warren, 
head  of  the  department. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     William  Hayes  Fogg  Art  Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  E.  W.  Forbes;  Custodian  of  engravings,  Laura 
H.  Dudley;  Custodian  of  photographs,  ElizaP.Huntington;  Assistant, 
Alice  M.  Wood;  i  janitor  and  i  page.  ^ 

ART.  Sculpture,  15  marbles,  Greek,  Roman,  and  renaissance, 
and  i5o±  casts;  Engravings,  30, ooo± ;  Paintings,  23  primitives,  22 
early  American  school;  Water  color  drawings  of  early  English  school, 
including  12  of  J.  M.  W.  Turner;  Ceramics,  ancient  Greek  vases,  and 
Arretine  pottery;  Photographs,  42,ooc±;  Lantern  slides,  3855. 
Among  special  collections  may  be  mentioned  electrotypes  of  the  Brit- 
ish Museum  collection  of  Greek  and  Roman  coins,  a  collection  of 
early  pencil  drawings  of  J.  M.  W.  Turner,  bronze  reproductions  of 
Italian  and  French  medals  of  the  renaissance,  the  Loeb  collection  of 
ancient  bronzes,  vases,  gold  ornaments,  and  engraved  gems,  and  a  small 
Japanese  loan  collection. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  founded  by  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Fogg  of  New  York  in  memory  of  her  husband,  Mrs.  Fogg  be- 
queathed to  the  president  and  fellows  of  Harvard  University  the  sum 
of  $220,000  for  this  purpose. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  annually  from  the 
Fogg  endowment,  $24oo±;  from  the  Gray  fund  for  engravings  and 
their  care,  $8oo±;  from  the  Prichard  fund,  $85o±;  from  the  Randall 
fund,  $i75o± ;  and  from  the  Searle  fund  for  books,  $ioo±. 

BUILDING.  A  fireproof  structure  erected  in  1895  at  a  cost  of 
$i  50,000,  derived  from  the  principal  of  the  Fogg  bequest.  It  provides 
9100  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  500  for  offices,  work- 
rooms, etc.,  in  addition  to  a  basement  room  and  a  lecture  room  seat- 
ing about  500  persons. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  appointed  by  the  corporation 
and  the  board  of  overseers  of  Harvard  University. 

SCOPE.  Primarily,  college  teaching;  secondarily,  public  instruc- 
tion. 

LIBRARY.  iooo±  reference  volumes  for  use  of  the  staff  and  qual- 
ified students.  The  museum  library  is  largely  supplemented  by  the 
general  university  library. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports;  (2)  Catalogs,  handbooks  and 
guides  to  special  collections. 


I2Q  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ATTENDANCE.  Free  on  week-days  from  9  to  5  and  on  Sundays  dur- 
ing term  time  from  i  to  5.  There  are  no  statistics  of  general  visitors, 
but  1 201  persons  visited  the  photograph  collection  for  purposes  of 
study  in  the  year  1908-9. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     Botanical  Garden. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  requests  for  information  concerning 
this  department. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     Collection  of  Classical  Antiquities. 

This  collection  is  in  charge  of  Professor  George  Henry  Chase,  cur- 
ator, and  is  intended  primarily  to  serve  as  illustrative  material  for 
the  courses  in  archeology  and  antiquity.  It  consists  of  several  hun- 
dred objects  of  minor  art,  such  as  bronzes,  vases,  and  coins,  as  wel'  as 
specimens  of  marble,  bricks,  and  other  building  materials,  fragments 
of  mozaic,  inscriptions,  etc.  With  these  are  a  few  casts  of  ancient 
sculpture,  a  considerable  collection  of  photographs  (principally  of 
places  in  Greece  and  Italy),  several  hundred  squeezes  and  rubbings  of 
inscriptions,  and  a  number  of  models  of  ancient  utensils.  The  objects 
in  the  collection  are  always  at  the  disposal  of  the  students  and  can  be 
taken  out,  if  necessary,  for  study  and  comparison  with  similar  col- 
lections in  Boston  and  Cambridge. 

HARVARD   UNIVERSITY.     Germanic  Museum. 

The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Kuno  Francke,  curator.  It  was  estab- 
lished in  1902,  at  the  instigation  of  Professor  Francke,  through  col- 
lections undertaken  by  the  visiting  board  of  the  Germanic  department 
and  by  the  Germanic  Museum  Association;  but  its  present  status  is 
largely  due  to  important  donations  received  from  the  German  Emperor, 
the  King  of  Saxony,  and  a  committee  of  leading  German  scholars, 
artists,  and  men  of  affa'rs  at  Berlin.  The  Swiss  government  also, 
as  well  as  the  municipal  government  of  the  city  of  Muremburg,  has 
given  valuable  aid. 

The  aim  of  the  museum  is  to  give  a  historical  conspectus  of  the 
development  of  Germanic  culture  as  represented  by  the  fine  arts  and 
the  crafts.  The  present  collection,  apart  from  a  large  number  of  pho- 
tographs of  German  architectural  and  sculptural  monuments,  chiefly 
from  the  Koniglich  Preussische  Messbildanstalt,  contains  models 
and  reproductions  of  representative  works  of  German  art  from  the 
5th  to  the  1 8th  century.  The  collection  of  casts  of  medieval  and 
renaissance  sculpture  contained  in  this  museum  is  more  comprehen- 
sive than  that  of  any  other  museum  devoted  to  German  art. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  121 

The  museum  is  temporarily  installed  in  the  old  gymnasium  of 
Harvard  University.  About  $190,000  has  been  collected  for  a  new 
building. 

The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  Mondays,  Fridays,  and 
Saturdays  from  9  to  5,  and  on  Thursdays  and  Sundays  from  i  to  5. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY.     Gray  Herbarium. 

The  Gray  Herbarium  comprises  over  438,000  herbarium  sheets  of 
flowering  plants,  and  a  library  of  over  20,000  books  and  pamphlets 
relating  to  systematic  botany.  The  staff  is  as  follows:  Curator  and 
professor  of  systematic  botany,  B.  L.  Robinson;  Collector,  C.  G. 
Pringle;  Assistant  professor,  M.  L.  Fernald;  Librarian,  Mary  A.  Day; 
Assistants,  Edith  M.  Vincent  and  Isabel  W.  Anderson.  The  financial 
support  consists  of  the  income  from  invested  funds,  gifts  for  present 
use,  and  royalties  on  and  sale  of  publications.  The  institution  is 
open  to  the  public  during  the  working  hours  of  the  staff,  but  as  there 
are  no  exhibits  it  is  seldom  visited  except  for  scientific  purposes. 

HARVARD    UNIVERSITY.     Semitic   Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  David  G.  Lyon;  Curator  of  Arabic  manuscripts, 
John  Orne;  i  janitor. 

ART.  Plaster  casts  of  bas-reliefs  and  other  carvings  of  Assyria, 
Babylonia,  and  other  Semitic  lands. 

BOTANY.  Specimens  of  pressed  flowers,  woods,  seeds,  and  fruits 
of  Palestine. 

GEOLOGY.     Geological  specimens  from  Syria  and  Palestine. 

ZOOLOGY.     Birds  of  Palestine,  2oo±;  Mammals  of  Palestine,  40. 

OTHER  DEPARTMENTS.  Hebrew,  Arabic,  Syriac,  Ethiop'c,  Samari- 
tan, and  other  manuscripts;  Greek  papyri;  coins  from  Palestine,  or 
re  ating  to  Palestine;  cuneiform  inscriptions  from  Assyria  and  Baby- 
lonia; ancient  vases  and  glass  from  Syria  and  Palestine;  articles  illus- 
trating present  customs  and  usages  in  Semitic  lands;  and  original  ob- 
jects and  reproduct'ons  from  Egypt  and  Persia  illustrating  Semitic 
history. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Founded  in  1889  by  a  gift  of  $10,000  from 
Jacob  H.  Schiff ,  who  also  gave  the  building.  The  museum  was  opened 
to  the  public  in  1891  and  occupied  a  room  in  the  Peabody  Museum  until 
the  erection  of  the  new  building  in  1902.  Mr.  Schiff  and  other  friends 
have  contributed  about  $40,000  more  toward  the  purchase  of  material. 
Mr.  Schiff  has  also  given  $65,000  for  explorations  in  Palestine  under 
the  auspices  of  the  museum. 


I22  DIRECTORY  OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Purchases  are  made  from  special  contribu- 
tions of  friends;  other  expenses  are  met  by  the  university.  There  is 
no  endowment. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1902  at  a  cost  of  about  $80,000  given  by 
Mr.  Schiff.  It  provides  about  8000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for 
exhibition,  and  about  5000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator  acting  with  a  committee,  respon- 
sible to  the  president  and  fellows  of  Harvard  University. 

SCOPE.  Primarily, exploration  and  college  teaching;  secondarily, 
public  instruction. 

LIBRARY.  About  1500  volumes  on  Semitic  subjects  intended  for 
the  use  of  instructors  and  students. 

ATTENDANCE.     Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5. 

HARVARD   UNIVERSITY.     Social   Museum. 

The  Social  Museum  was  begun  in  1903  for  the  purpose  of  promot- 
ing investigation  of  modern  social  conditions,  and  directing  the  amelio- 
ration of  industrial  and  social  life  by  means  of  graphical  illustration 
of  progress  in  various  countries.  The  collections  comprise  photo- 
graphs, models,  diagrams,  and  charts.  Among  them  may  be  mentioned 
an  exhibit,  made  at  the  St.  Louis  Exposition  by  the  German  gov- 
ernment of  the  workingmen's  insurance  system;  and  by  German  in- 
dustrial establishments  concerned  with  the  welfare  of  their  working 
people;  exhibits  from  France,  Belgium,  Italy,  and  Japan,  illustrating 
municipal  progress,  improved  dwellings,  and  philanthropic  institu- 
tions; a  duplicate  of  the  exhibit  of  the  United  States  bureau  of  statis- 
tics of  labor  concerning  wages,  strikes,  and  trade-unions;  an  exhibit 
representing  the  English  cooperative  movement;  an  exhibit  illustrating 
social  settlements;  charts  representing  life-insurance  statistics;  illus- 
trations of  welfare-work  in  American  inoustries;  photographic 
collections  illustrating  charity,  industrial  methods,  immigration,  im- 
proved housing,  prison  reform,  etc.  The  museum  occupies  two 
rooms  in  Emerson  Hall  and  in  conjunction  with  the  library  of  3000 
volumes  affords  the  student  much  material  for  study  and  research. 

CHARLESTOWN: 

UNITED  STATES  NAVY  YARD,    Museum. 

The  navy  yard  maintains  a  museum  and  library  occupying  3000 
square  feet  of  floor  space  and  comprising  extensive  collections  of  models 
and  pictures;  Chinese  and  South  Sea  Island  weapons  of  war;  and 
minerals  and  shells.  The  library  contains  about  4000  volumes  of 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  123 

naval  and  scientific  literature  and  a  miscellaneous  collection  of  maga- 
zines. The  museum  is  in  charge  of  a  naval  officer  with  title  of  curator, 
responsible  to  the  commandant.  The  object  of  the  library  and  museum 
is  to  form  a  collection  of  works  on  naval  literature  and  science;  to 
supply  a  place  of  deposit  for  paintings,  engravings,  maps,  and  charts, 
for  cabinets  of  curiosities  of  natural  history,  and  for  models  of  naval 
architecture  and  machinery  connected  with  the  naval  profession;  and 
to  afford  means  of  exhibiting  and  preserving  specimens  of  useful  inven- 
tions in  the  arts  and  sciences  which  relate  to  navigation  and  nautical 
defense.  All  books  and  specimens  are  donated;  there  is  no  financial 
support.  The  museum  and  library  are  open  on  week-days  from  9  to 
12  and  i  to  4,  except  on  Saturday  afternoons  during  July,  August, 
and  September.  The  attendance  is  estimated  at  about  15,000  a  year. 

CLINTON: 

CLINTON  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  possesses  a  small  collection  of  articles  illustrating  the 
early  history  of  the  town  and  vicinity,  and  open  to  the  public  in  the 
Holder  Memorial  building  on  week-days  from  1.30  to  4. 

DANVERS: 

DANVERS  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  at  present  occupies  about  1250  square  feet  of  floor 
space  on  the  second  floor  of  the  First  National  Bank  building,  where  it 
maintains  a  museum,  in  charge  of  Henry  N.  Comey,  curator,  and 
Sarah  W.  Mudge,  assistant  curator.  The  collections  include  weapons 
and  military  accoutrements;  a  large  assortment  of  rare  old  china; 
coins  and  medals;  manuscripts;  autographs;  documents  relating  to 
the  early  shoe  trade  and  other  trades  in  New  England;  pictures,  etc. 
The  most  valuable  single  collection  is  a  series  of  guns,  pistols,  uniforms, 
swords,  saddles,  commissions,  medals,  etc.,  owned  by  the  late  Francis 
Dodge,  paymaster-general  of  the  United  States,  and  given  to  the 
society  by  his  widow.  There  is  also  a  historical  library  of  about  2500 
books. 

The  financial  support  of  the  society  is  derived  from  dues  of 
members  and  from  voluntary  contributions.  The  latter  have  been 
sufficient  for  the  purchase  of  a  lot  of  land  and  to  form  a  substantial 
nucleus  for  a  building  fund.  The  society's  rooms  are  open  to  the  public 
on  Saturdays  from  2  to  5.  During  the  winter  at  least  one  lecture  a 
month  is  given  and  papers  are  also  read  at  the  quarterly  and  annual 
meetings. 


124  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSE  IMS 

DEERFIELD: 

POGUMTUGK  VALLEY  MEMORIAL  ASSOCIATION.     Memorial 
Hall. 

The  collection  of  historical  relics  in  Memorial  Hall  comprises 
approximately  35,000  articles,  related  for  the  most  part  to  local  his- 
tory. One  of  the  most  interesting  relics  is  the  door  of  an  old  house, 
bearing  the  marks  of  an  assault  upon  the  town  by  Indians  in  1704. 

Memorial  Hall  was  erected  in  1798  by  the  corporation  of  Deer- 
lield  Academy,  and  still  contains  specimens  from  the  academy  museum 
established  in  1799.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  George  Sheldon, 
curator,  and  is  maintained  by  the  Pocumtuck  Valley  Memorial  Asso- 
ciation chartered  in  1870.  The  association  has  published  4  volumes  of 
original  matter,  in  addition  to  a  catalog  of  its  collections  and  a  two- 
volume  history  of  Deerfield. 

The  museum  is  open  to  the  public  on  week-days,  from  April  to 
December,  from  9  to  12  and  i  to  5.  An  admission  fee  of  10  cents  is 
charged,  and  the  number  of  visitors  in  1909  was  7010. 

FITCHBURG: 

FITCHBURG  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  collection  of  historical  relics  but  is  unable 
to  develop  a  museum  at  present  because  of  lack  of  suitable  rooms. 

FITCHBURG  PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 

The  library  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of  George  E.  Nutting, 
librarian,  containing  the  following  collections:  a  room  well  filled  with 
historical  relics;  an  art  gallery,  containing  oil  paintings,  statuary,  and 
photographic  reproductions  from  the  art  galleries  of  Europe;  and  800 
mounted  birds  and  mammals. 

GLOUCESTER: 

CAPE  ANN  SCIENTIFIC  AND  LITERARY  ASSOCIATION. 

This  association  has  a  collection  of  local  Indian  implements; 
historical  papers  and  documents  of  local  interest;  about  200  botanical 
specimens;  zoco  minerals;  something  over  200  shells  and  about  500 
other  zoological  specimens,  including  fishes  and  marine  invertebrates 
found  off  Cape  Ann. 

GREENFIELD: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  GREENFIELD. 

This  society  was  organized  in  June,  1908,  and  now  has  about  100 
members  who  pay  an  entrance  fee  of  $3  and  an  annual  fee  of  $2.  It 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  12$ 

has  also  received  from  the  late  Mr.  Edward  BCD  ton  a  bequest  of  $5000, 
together  with  his  library,  china,  Indian  relics,  old  furniture,  etc.  It 
is  the  aim  of  the  society  to  maintain  local  historical  collections  and 
it  rents  three  rooms  which  are  now  well  filled  with  portraits  and  other 
pictures,  old-fashioned  implements  and  furniture,  and  several  hundred 
books  and  valuable  papers.  The  rooms  are  open  once  a  month  in 
winter,  and  on  every  Saturday  afternoon  in  summer  from  3  to  6. 

HAVERHILL: 

HAVERHILL  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.    (240  Water  Street. ) 

The  society  includes  about  400  members  and  owns  and  occupies 
the  Buttonwoods  mansion,  in  which  is  a  large  exhibition  room  of  fire- 
proof construction,  filled  with  a  constantly  increasing  collection  of 
curios  and  relics  of  local  historical  interest.  On  the  grounds  and  near 
the  main  building  is  the  first  frame  house  built  in  Haverhill,  dating 
from  about  1640. 

IPSWICH: 

IPSWICH  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  owns  a  iyth  century  dwelling,  well  restored  in  the 
old  manner  and  containing  a  museum  of  old  furniture,  historical  relics, 
etc.,  and  a  library  of  about  2000  volumes.  The  society  derives  its 
income  from  a  membership  of  about  300,  but  has  no  endowment. 

LANCASTER: 

THAYER  MUSEUM. 

This  museum  is  confined  to  ornithology  and  has  been  gathered  by 
Mr.  John  E.  Thayer  at  a  cost  of  over  $100,000.  It  contains  one  of  the 
most  complete  collections  of  mounted  birds  of  North  America  in  the 
world,  and  over  15,000  skins,  with  nests  and  eggs  of  nearly  every 
North  American  species.  The  collection  includes  a  great  auk,  and  7 
eggs  of  this  species;  a  fine  specimen  of  the  male  Labrador  duck,  and 
hundreds  of  other  rare  birds.  There  are  3  large  and  26  small  groups  of 
birds  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

The  museum  is  supported  by  the  owner,  and  is  open  free  to  the 
public  on  Mondays,  Wednesdays,  and  Saturdays  from  8  to  5. 

LEOMINSTER: 

LEOMINSTER  PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 

The  library  maintains  a  museum  for  the  encouragement  of  inter- 
est in  literature,  art,  natural  science,  and  local  history,  established  in 


126  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

1872  and  reorganized  in  1910  in  a  new  library  building  given  by  Mr. 
Andrew  Carnegie.  The  collections  include  prints  and  engravings  of 
local  interest,  local  portraits  in  oil,  old-time  articles  of  domestic  use 
and  manufacture,  a  few  specimens  of  early  local  textiles,  a  small  collec- 
tion of  shells,  a  large  collection  of  birds,  a  few  mammals,  a  good  her- 
ba  rium,  and  a  collection  of  minerals.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  E.  G . 
Davis,  curator,  and  is  open  free  to  the  public  during  library  hours. 

LEXINGTON: 

LEXINGTON  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.    Hancock  Clark  House. 

STAFF.    Custodian  and  caretaker,  Mrs.  Ellen  B.  Lane. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  museum  includes  many  prints  and  engravings, 
a  small  number  of  oil  paintings  and  water  colors,  pamphlets,  manu- 
scripts, household  articles  and  clothing  of  former  generations,  and 
other  material  relating  to  local  history.  The  collection  now  numbers 
over  1000  items,  and  a  fireproof  vault  is  provided  for  the  more  valu- 
able articles. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  society  was  organized  by  Rev.  E.  G. 
Porter  at  the  time  of  the  centennial  of  the  battle  of  Lexington,  1875, 
and  its  museum  has  grown  constantly  since  that  time. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  society  has  funds  and  property  to  the 
value  of  about  $25,000;  also  a  fund  of  $10,000,  the  income  of  which  is 
devoted  to  historical  research  relative  to  the  revolutionary  period. 
The  house  and  collection  are  maintained  by  voluntary  contributions 
from  visitors. 

BUILDING.  The  house  was  built  in  1698  by  Rev.  John  Hancock 
and  was  used  as  a  parsonage  at  the  time  of  the  revolution.  Samuel 
Adams  and  John  Hancock  were  staying  here  when  Paul  Revere  gave 
the  alarm  of  the  approach  of  the  British,  April  19,  1775.  The  house 
provides  a  total  floor  space  of  about  1500  square  feet. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  custodian  and  committee  responsible  to 
the  society. 

SCOPE.  Preservation  of  historical  records  and  material,  and  the 
promotion  of  the  study  of  local  history. 

LIBRARY.  A  fairly  extensive  historical  library  is  maintained  for 
the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  society  has  published  3  volumes  of  Proceed- 
ings composed  entirely  of  local  history;  a  volume  of  epitaphs  and 
inscriptions  from  the  old  cemeteries  of  the  town,  and  a  handbook  of 
Lexington.  A  new  history  of  Lexington  in  two  volumes  is  now  in 
preparation. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  127 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  every  day  in  the  year,  as 
follows:  April  i -December  i,  from  9.30  to  6;  other  months  from  n  to 
4.  It  is  visited  by  over  15,000  persons  annually. 

LOWELL: 

LOWELL  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  in  its  rooms  in  Memorial  Hall  collections 
of  Indian  relics,  minerals,  and  articles  of  historical  interest,  as  well  as 
a  library  of  about  700  volumes  and  as  many  pamphlets.  It  publishes 
occasional  volumes  of  Contributions.  This  society  is  the  successor 
of  The  Old  Residence  Historical  Association  of  Lowell,  which  was  a 
voluntary  association  organized  in  1868.  The  Lowell  Historical 
Society  was  incorporated  in  1902  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  and  pre- 
serving books,  manuscripts,  records,  and  objects  of  antiquarian  and 
historical  interest;  of  encouraging  the  study  of  local  history;  of  main- 
taining a  library;  and  of  publishing,  from  time  to  time,  whatever  may 
illustrate  and  perpetuate  the  history  of  Lowell  and  adjacent  towns. 

LYNN: 

LYNN  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  about  fifteen  years  ago  and  has  made 
a  collection  of  objects  of  local  historical  interest,  now  several  hundred 
in  number  and  including  furniture,  tools  of  trade,  china  and  glass, 
paintings  and  photographs  of  buildings  in  Lynn  and  vicinity,  etc. 
These  collections  occupy  a  room  about  40  x  20  feet,  and  are  in  charge 
of  a  board  of  custodians,  of  which  William  S.  Burrill  is  chairman. 

MARBLEHEAD: 

MARBLEHEAD  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  an  extensive  collection  of  local  historical 
material;  including  articles  of  industry;  household  utensils  and  wearing 
apparel;  50  prints  and  engravings;  75  oil  paintings,  mostly  portraits; 
and  30  water  colors.  There  is  also  a  small  and  unclassified  collection 
of  shells.  The  museum  is  supported  by  the  membership  fees  of  the 
society  and  by  admission  fees;  it  occupies  about  5000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  in  a  building  erected  in  1768. 

MARLBOROUGH: 

MARLBOROUGH  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY. 

The  society  maintains  a  collection  of  minerals,  shells,  corals, 
birds,  objects  of  historical  interest,  and  articles  of  Japanese  manufac- 


128  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ture,  occupying  about  1836  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  a  building 
valued  at  $3500.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Joel  W.  Giles,  curator, 
and  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  the  third  Thursday  of  every  month 
from  2.30  to  7.30.  The  average  attendance  is  20. 

MEDFORD: 

MEDFORD  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society,  organized  in  1896,  possesses  antiquarian  collections 
of  local  interest,  including  rare  books  and  manuscripts,  prints,  por- 
traits, articles  connected  with  Medford's  ship-building  industry,  the 
Brooks  collection  of  Indian  relics,  the  Chandler  collection  of  civil  war 
relics  and  others.  These  are  housed  in  the  home  of  the  society,  the  old 
Francis  Home,  built  about  1780,  and  are  in  charge  of  the  curator, 
Agnes  W.  Lincoln.  The  society  also  has  a  library  of  about  1000  vol- 
umes, and  publishes  a  quarterly,  the  "Medford  Historical  Register. " 

METHUEN: 

METHUEN  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  collection  of  local  historical  material. 

NANTUCKET: 

NANTUCKET  HISTORICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

This  association  was  organized  in  1894  and  occupies  two  buildings, 
one  of  which  is  a  fireproof  concrete  structure,  affording  a  floor  space 
of  about  1500  square  feet  for  the  display  of  a  large  collection  of  objects 
of  local  historical  interest.  The  museum  includes  a  large  collection 
of  furniture  and  household  effects,  some  of  which  are  about  200  years 
old;  a  large  collection  of  portraits;  a  very  fine  collection  of  articles 
relating  to  the  whale  fishery,  which  was  an  important  industry  of  the 
island  from  1690  to  1865;  and  a  large  collection  of  old  manuscripts 
and  deeds,  some  of  which  were  executed  by  the  Indians  and  given  to 
the  early  settlers — the  first  deed  on  record  bearing  the  date  October 
13,  1641.  The  whaling  ships  frequently  visited  the  Pacific  and  Indian 
oceans  and  the  museum  contains  many  relics  of  these  cruises. 

The  association  has  a  membership  of  320  and  owns  property, 
aside  from  its  exhibits,  to  the  value  of  $17,000.  Its  income  is  about 
$1200  a  year,  derived  from  interest  on  invested  funds,  admission  fees, 
membership  dues,  and  donations.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Susan 
E.  Brock,  curator  and  librarian,  and  is  open  to  visitors  from  June  15  to 
September  15.  The  attendance  is  2000-3000  annually. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  '    I2Q 

NEW  BEDFORD: 

OLD  DARTMOUTH  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  was  established  in  1903  and  occupies  about  4000 
square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  1000  for  offices,  etc.  in  a 
building  erected  in  1884  but  not  occupied  until  1906,  when  it  was  given 
to  the  society  by  Mr.  Henry  H.  Rogers.  The  primary  purposes  of  the 
society  are  research  and  the  maintenance  of  local  collections,  including 
collections  devoted  to  the  life  and  work  of  the  Indians  and  of  the  early 
settlers  of  the  vicinity;  prints,  engravings,  paintings,  photographs, 
etc.,  illustrating  the  whaling  industry  and  local  history;  and  collec- 
tions of  ceramics,  textiles,  etc.,  illustrating  the  colonial  period. 

The  museum  is  in  charge  of  William  A.  Wing,  secretary,  and  is 
open  on  Wednesday  and  Saturday  from  10  to  i  and  on  Tuesday,  Thurs- 
day, and  Saturday  from  2  to  5.  Admission  is  free  to  members  of  the 
society,  of  which  there  are  about  800;  to  others  an  admission  fee  of 
25  cents  is  charged.  The  schools  come  to  the  museum  class  by  class 
to  view  the  collections  and  to  hear  short  talks  on  the  early  history  of 
the  vicinity,  as  a  basis  for  compositions  on  local  historical  subjects. 
The  society  has  a  small  library  of  local  historical  material,  and  issues 
quarterly  publications,  of  which  there  are  27  to  the  end  of  1909. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoologica  i  park  of  2  acres,  established  in  1892, 
containing  100  birds  and  112  mammals. 

NEWBURYPORT: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  OLD  NEWBURY. 

This  society  maintains  historical  collections,  including  those 
formerly  belonging  to  the  Newburyport  Marine  Society,  in  a  wooden 
building  at  the  corner  of  High  and  Winter  Streets. 

NEWTON: 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

This  zoological  park  of  12  acres  was  established  in  1897  and  COP- 
tains  35  birds  and  ico  mammals. 

NORTHAMPTON: 
SMITH  COLLEGE. 

The  department  of  geology  maintains  in  Seelye  Hall  a  collection 
including  about  1800  minerals  on  exhibition  and  2000  in  storage; 
2000  rocks  in  storage;  a  series  of  specimens  of  dynamic  geology,  maps, 


j^O  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

relief  maps,  globes,  models,  etc.;  about  1800  invertebrate  fossils  on 
exhibition,  with  especially  good  collections  of  trilobites,  brachiopods, 
and  cretaceous  cephalopods,  and  about  500  specimens  in  storage. 
These  collections  are  open  free  to  the  public  daily. 

The  department  of  zoology  maintains  for  teaching  purposes  a 
synoptic  collection  of  about  3000  invertebrates,  a  series  of  400  skeletal 
parts  and  dissections,  and  newly  started  biological  and  anthropo- 
logical collections  of  about  150  specimens  each. 

The  department  of  botany  has  small  teaching  collections  only. 

SMITH  COLLEGE.    Hillyer  Art  Gallery. 

The  Hillyer  Art  Gallery  was  built  by  Mr.  Winthrop  Hillyer  of 
Northampton,  who  left  a  fund  of  $50,000,  of  which  the  income  is 
spent  on  the  collections  or  in  whatever  way  may  increase  the  help- 
fulness of  the  gallery  or  of  the  art  department  of  the  college.  A  supple- 
mentary sum  of  $15,000  from  Mr.  Hillyer 's  estate  will  ultimately  be 
received  and  will  be  spent  on  an  addition  to  the  exhibition  rooms.  A 
student  of  the  college  has  given  money  to  build  a  large  lecture  room, 
reading  room,  and  offices  in  connection  with  the  present  building  and 
upon  the  completion  of  this  addition  it  is  expected  that  the  books  on 
art  subjects,  to  the  number  of  about  500  volumes  now  in  the  general 
library  of  the  college,  may  be  transferred  to  the  reading  room.  The 
present  building  affords  8072  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition. 
The  collections  comprise  105  paintings  almost  wholly  by  American 
artists;  a  series  of  casts;  145  framed  Arundel  prints;  about  200  photo- 
graphs 14  x  18  inches,  and  about  1200  smaller  ones;  and  about  3000 
lantern  slides.  The  gallery  is  in  charge  of  the  staff  of  the  art  depart- 
ment of  the  college,  with  the  assistance  of  5  custodians,  and  is  open 
free  to  students  of  the  college  on  week-days  from  9  to  i  and  from  2  to 
4.  To  the  public  an  admission  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged  except  on 
Wednesday  and  Saturday  afternoons,  when  admission  is  free. 

PEABODY: 

PEABODY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  in  1896,  and  occupies  two  rooms  in  the 
Warren  National  Bank  building  in  Peabody  Square,  where  it  main- 
tains a  museum  comprising  about  3700  articles  and  books  of  local 
historical  interest.  There  are  special  collections  of  local  pottery. 
The  society  has  also  copied  every  gravestone  inscription  and  Bible 
record  found  in  the  town.  The  town  of  Peabody  was  known  as  South 
Danvers  from  1855  to  1868,  having  been  separated  from  the  town  of 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  %      13! 

Danvers,  which  in  turn  was  separated  from  the  town  of  Salem  in  1752. 
Upon  petition  of  the  society  the  town  records  from  1752  to  1855  were 
copied.  The  society  has  also  placed  tablets  for  soldiers  killed  in  the 
battle  of  Lexington,  also  at  the  house  where  George  Peabody  was  born, 
and  near  the  house  of  John  Procter,  the  witchcraft  martyr.  The  soci- 
ety has  published  various  reports,  pamphlets,  postcards,  and  photo- 
graphs relating  to  its  work  or  to  local  historical  subjects. 

PITTSFIELD: 

BERKSHIRE  ATHEN^UM  AND  MUSEUM.    Museum  of  Natural 
History  and  Art. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Harlan  H.  Ballard;  Assistant  curator,  Annie 
Grossman;  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  iooo±; 
Ethnology,  native,  5oo±,  foreign,  5oo±.  Civilized  peoples,  ancient, 
an  extensive  collection. 

ART.  Original  sculpture  in  marble,  including  Rebecca,  by  Bel- 
zoni;  Lost  Pleiad,  by  Rogers;  Judith,  by  Tadolini;  Faun  and  Cupid,  by 
an  unknown  Italian  of  the  i6th  century.  There  are  also  casts  of  Egyp- 
tian, Greek,  and  Roman  antiques;  5oo±  prints  and  engravings ;  ioo± 
oil  paintings;  and  a  general  collection,  including  a  few  water  colors, 
ceramics,  textiles,  glass,  and  Greek  and  Roman  gold  ornaments. 
Among  the  more  notable  single  exhibits  are  the  original  life  mask  of 
Lincoln;  a  Greek  wreath  of  gold;  and  one  of  the  sledges  which  Com- 
mander Peary  took  to  the  North  Pole. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  2ooo±,  in  storage,  1000. 
There  are  also  a  few  rocks,  relief  maps,  models,  etc. 

HISTORY.  Historical  relics  of  Berkshire  County,  iooo±;  Auto- 
graphs and  book  plates,  5oo±;  Coins  and  medals,  2ooo±. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  5oo± ;  Plants,  5o±.  There  are 
also  a  few  small  vertebrate  fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  iooo±,  chiefly  the  Bidwell  collection;  Insects, 
iooo±;  Birds,  iooo±;  Mammals,  ioo±.  There  are  4  large  and  15 
small  groups  of  animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum,  including  the  building  and  its 
contents  to  the  value  of  $150,000,  was  presented  to  Pittsfield  by  the 
Hon.  Zenas  Crane  of  Dalton  in  1903.  At  his  suggestion  it  was  united 
with  the  public  library  under  the  title  of  Berkshire  Athenaeum  and 
Museum. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    By  private  subscription. 

BUILDING.  Erected  by  the  donor  in  1901 ;  an  additional  wing  was 
added  in  1909. 


!32  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trus- 
tees. 

SCOPE.  The  purpose  of  the  museum  is  educational.  Special  atten- 
tion is  given  to  work  with  pupils  of  the  public  schools.  Occasional 
lectures  are  given. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  at  hours  varying 
with  the  seasons. 

PLYMOUTH: 

PILGRIM  SOCIETY.    Pilgrim  Hall. 

A  collection  of  historical  relics,  portraits,  old  books,  documents, 
etc.,  connected  with  the  early  history  of  the  settlement  at  Plymouth, 
is  maintained  in  Pilgrim  Hall  under  the  charge  of  H.  N.  P.  Hubbard, 
curator  and  librarian. 

REHOBOTH: 

REHOBOTH  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 

The  treasurer  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a  museum  but 
repeated  inquiries  have  elicited  no  further  information. 

SALEM: 

ESSEX   INSTITUTE. 

STAFF.  Curator,  George  Francis  Dow;  Librarian,  Alice  G. 
Waters;  Catalogers,  Florence  L.  Stoddard,  Marian  S.  Nichols;  3 
assistants  in  library,  i  stenographer,  and  i  janitor. 

ART.  Marbles,  4;  Casts,  25;  Prints  and  engravings,  5ooo±; 
Oil  paintings,  largely  portraits,  175;  Water  colors,  25;  Ceramics, 
English  or  oriental,  used  in  America,  848;  Textiles,  3ooo±;  Glass 
(historical),  2oo±;  Pewter  (historical),  ioo±;  Furniture  (historical), 

2OO±. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Special  exhibits  illustrating  the 
trades  viewed  from  the  historical  standpoint,  viz.,  the  shoemaker, 
cooper,  carpenter,  weaver,  etc. 

HISTORY.  Reproductions  of  house  interiors,  original  costumes, 
tools,  furniture,  historical  relics,  and  articles  of  display  and  adorn- 
ment, to  show  the  life  of  New  England  from  early  times  to  the  present. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  institute  was  organized  in  1848  by  the 
union  of  the  Essex  Historical  Society,  incorporated  in  1821  and  the 
Essex  County  Natural  History  Society,  organized  in  1833.  In  1867, 
by  gift  of  $140,000  from  George  Peabody  of  London,the  Peabody 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  133 

Academy  of  Science  was  established  and  the  natural  history  collec- 
tions of  the  institute  were  transferred  to  the  younger  institution. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  institute  has  the  following  sources  of 
income:  from  endowment,  $9,540.84;  from  annual  assessments  of  mem- 
bers, $1695;  from  other  sources,  $928.93. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  two  buildings  erected  in  1854 
and  1858,  and  remodeledin  1906,  representing  a  value  of  $124,000.  They 
afford  n,ooo±  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  3ooo±  for 
offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  The  curator  is  the  secretary  and  executive 
officer  of  the  institute  and  is  responsible  to  the  board  of  trustees. 

SCOPE.  Emphasis  is  laid  on  local  collections,  the  aim  of  the  insti- 
tute being  to  illustrate  as  completely  as  possible  the  history  of  the 
county  of  Essex. 

LIBRARY.  97,387  volumes,  342,614  pamphlets,  700  volumes  of 
manuscripts  and  family  papers,  and  a  very  large  collection  of  news- 
papers, many  of  them  printed  in  the  i8th  century.  Among  the  special 
collections  of  books  are  1400  genealogies;  2700  town  histories  and  works 
relating  to  New  England  history;  the  Ward  China  library,  containing 
over  1800  volumes,  recognized  as  the  best  collection  of  the  kind  in  the 
country;  a  collection  of  over  300  Bibles;  a  well  selected  art  library; 
20,000  books,  pamphlets,  etc.,  by  Essex  County  authors;  noo  log- 
books, sea-journals,  etc.;  1300  volumes  relating  to  the  commercial 
marine,  5000  directories  from  all  parts  of  the  world;  public  documents; 
publications  of  253  societies,  with  which  the  institute  conducts  ex- 
changes. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Historical  collections,  issued  quarterly,  45 
volumes;  (2)  Bulletins  (scientific),  30  volumes;  (3)  Proceedings  (scien- 
tific), 6  volumes;  (4)  Miscellaneous  publications,  guides,  etc. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5. 

PEABODY  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE.    Peabody  Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  Edward  S.  Morse;  Curators,  John  H.  Sears 
(mineralogy,  geology,  and  botany),  Lawrence  W.  Jenkins  (ethno- 
logy), John  Robinson  (relics  of  the  East  India  Marine  Society);  i 
janitor,  and  i  special  constable. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Ethnology,  native  786,  foreign  10,676.  These 
collections  include  the  collections  of  the  East  India  Marine  Society, 
founded  in  1799,  and  to-day  constitute  one  of  the  most  important  ethno- 
logical museums  of  the  world.  The  Korean  collection  is  one  of  the 
most  important  in  the  country,  while  the  Japanese  collection  of  3516 


134  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

specimens  is  by  far  the  largest  in  the  world.  Other  countries  rep- 
resented are  China,  India,  Siam,  Thibet,  the  Islands  of  the  Pacific,  the 
Malay  archipelago,  Mexico,  and  South  America.  2000  ethnological 
photographs  accompany  this  collection. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams  of  Essex  County,  1610;  Phanerogams 
of  Essex  County,  2209;  General  collections,  2530. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  5000,  in  storage,  1000;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  2250,  in  storage,  800;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  25; 
Other  collections,  on  exhibition,  1250.  The  rocks  and  minerals  of 
Essex  County  are  fully  represented,  and  a  small  type  collection  of 
minerals  illustrates  the  edition  of  Dana's  "  Mineralogy"  used  in  schools. 

HISTORY.  A  historical  collection  of  portraits  of  prominent  Salem 
merchants,  members  and  officers  of  the  East  India  Marine  Society, 
together  with  many  interesting  relics  connected  with  the  early  his- 
tory of  that  institution,  and  models  and  pictures  of  Salem  merchant 
vessels. 

.  PALEONTOLOGY.    Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  1200,  in  storage, 
700;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  50;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  300. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  720  (360  from  Essex  County);  Insects,  5061; 
Other  invertebrates,  1180;  Fishes,  341;  Batrachians,  120;  Reptiles, 
145;  Birds,  1990  (1300  from  Essex  County);  Mammals,  244.  These 
collections  comprise  a  complete  series  of  the  animals  of  Essex  County 
and  a  synoptic  collection,  illustrating  the  animal  kingdom  from  the 
lowest  to  the  highest  forms. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  trustees  of  the  academy  organized  in 
1868,  having  received  funds  by  gift  in  1867  ^rom  George  Peabody  of 
London,  by  birth,  of  Essex  County.  Under  the  instrument  of  trust, 
East  India  Marine  Hall,  erected  in  1824,  was  purchased  and  refitted, 
and  the  museum  of  the  East  India  Marine  Society  (begun  in  1799)  and 
the  natural  history  collections  of  the  Essex  Institute  (begun  in  1834) 
were  received  by  the  trustees  as  permanent  deposits  and  placed  there- 
in. The  museum  of  the  East  India  Marine  Society  had  its  origin  in 
the  extensive  private  collection  of  Capt.  Jonathan  Carnes,  and  has  had 
an  uninterrupted  existence  since  that  date. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.   Income  from  endowment,  $8261 . 

BUILDING.  East  India  Marine  Hall,  erected  in  1824,  purchased 
and  refitted  in  1868.  Additions  to  the  original  building  have  been 
made,  the  most  recent  being  Weld  Hall,  the  gift  of  Dr.  Charles  G. 
Weld,  opened  in  1907.  19,500  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  available 
for  exhibition,  and  5000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  A  lecture  hall 
seats  350. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  135 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trus- 
tees. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  aim  of  the  museum  is  educational,  special 
effort  being  made  to  instruct  the  people  of  the  county  and  the  pupils  of 
the  public  schools  of  the  county.  Special  attention  is  paid  therefore 
to  local  collections.  The  academy  conducts  classes  in  botany, 
zoology,  and  mineralogy,  and  lectures  are  given  on  these  subjects. 

LIBRARY.    There  is  a  reference  library  for  the  use  of  the  staff. 

PUBLICATIONS.  These  include  two  volumes  of  memoirs,  and  nu- 
merous annual  reports. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public,  week-days  from  9  to  5, 
Sundays  from  2  to  5.  The  attendance  in  1909  was  nearly  70,000. 

SHARON: 

SHARON  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  collection  of  antiques  in  charge  of  George 
Kempton,  custodian. 

SOMERVILLE: 

SOMERVILLE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society,  which  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  have  a  museum  of  an- 
tiques, reports  that  its  collections  are  at  present  in  storage. 

SOUTH  NATICK: 

HISTORICAL,  NATURAL  HISTORY,  AND  LIBRARY  SOCIETY. 

This  society  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain  a  museum  of  natural 
history  specimens  and  historical  relics  housed  gratis  in  a  room  provided 
for  by  the  will  of  Oliver  Bacon. 

SPRINGFIELD: 

CITY  LIBRARY  ASSOCIATION.    Art  Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  George  Walter  Vincent  Smith;  Assistant  cura- 
tor, Eleanor  A.  Wade;  3  assistants,  i  cabinet  maker,  i  charwoman,  and 
i  watchman. 

•  ART.  The  museum  includes  the  Horace  Smith  hall  of  sculpture 
and  the  George  Walter  Vincent  Smith  collection.  The  former  occupies 
the  first  floor  of  the  museum  building  and  consists  of  72  plaster  casts 
of  Greek  and  renaissance  sculpture,  1200  photographs,  12,000  prints  of 
modern  and  antique  sculpture,  and  a  small  reference  library  of  books 
on  the  subject. 


136  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

The  George  Walter  Vincent  Smith  collection  includes:  Sculpture, 
5;  Drawings,  42;  Oil  paintings,  80;  Water  colors,  31;  Ceramics,  1000; 
Arms  and  armor;  Bronzes;  Pottery  and  porcelains;  Glass;  Carved  jade, 
ivories,  and  wood;  Tapestries;  Embroideries;  Laces;  Oriental  rugs; 
Textiles;  Cloisonne  enamels;  Lacquers;  Antique  furniture;  Illumin- 
ated missals;  Book  covers,  etc.  The  collection  is  very  rich  in  oriental 
art,  the  cloisonne  enamels  numbering  about  200  pieces. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  is  the  result  of  the  offer  made 
in  1889  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  W.  V.  Smith  to  bequeath  to  the  associa- 
tion their  valuable  collections  and  to  endow  them  on  condition  that 
they  should  be  provided  with  suitable  rooms  for  display  and  preserva- 
tion. These  collections  were  formally  opened  to  the  public  in  1895. 
The  Horace  Smith  collection  was  purchased  and  installed  by  funds  from 
the  estate  of  Mr.  Smith. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  art  museum  and  the  museum  of 
natural  history  are  incorporated  with  the  city  library  association  and 
depend  for  support  upon  endowment  funds  and  an  annual  appropria- 
tion from  the  city.  In  1907,  the  appropriation  amounted  to  $36,000. 
Of  this  appropriation,  the  art  museum  receives  about  $6000. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1894-5  at  a  cost  of  about  $140,000,  met 
by  private  subscriptions.  About  15,000  square  feet  of  space  is  avail- 
able for  exhibition,  and  about  500  for  offices. 

ADMINISTRATION.    By  the  curator,  who  has  entire  responsibility. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  purpose  of  the  museum  is  the  instruction 
of  the  public.  Permission  is  given  to  copyists. 

LIBRARY.  1500  volumes  on  subjects  connected  with  the  collec- 
tions are  available  for  use  of  the  staff  and  visitors. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  George  Walter  Vincent  Smith  collections- 
open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  (except  Thanksgiving,  Christmas, 
and  Fourth  of  July),  March  2i-September  21,  from  2  to  6;  September 
22-March  20,  from  i  to  5. 

The  Horace  Smith  hall  of  sculpture — open  free  to  the  public 
daily  (except  Thanksgiving,  Christmas,  and  Fourth  of  July),  March 
2i-September  21,  from  2  to  6;  September  22-March  20,  from  i  to  5. 

CITY  LIBRARY  ASSOCIATION.    Museum  of  Natural  History. 

STAFF.  Curator,  William  Orr;  Assistant  curator,  Mrs.  Grace 
Pettis  Johnson. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples :  Archeology,  native,  1869, 
foreign,  272.  Civilized  peoples,  ancient,  22,  modern,  no.  The  collec- 
tion includes  about  200  Indian  baskets. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  137 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  116  species;  Phanerogams,  1028  species. 
There  are  also  economic  collections  including  323  specimens  of  Indian 
corn  (maize)  and  its  products;  405  specimens  of  fiber  plants  and  fibers; 
659  specimens  of  woods;  200  kinds  of  insect  galls,  of  which  about  90 
are  figured  in  a  bulletin  of  the  museum. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  1326,  in  storage,  9000=^5 
Rocks,  in  storage.  240;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  7.  There  are  650 
specimens  of  dynamic  geology  and  a  local  collection  of  346  minerals 
and  175  rocks. 

HISTORY.  A  collection  of  about  900  articles  relating  to  the  history 
of  the  United  States  and  especially  to  Springfield  and  vicinity.  There 
is  also  a  special  exhibit  of  about  400  objects  relating  to  colonial  history, 
and  a  general  collection  of  5000  coins  and  medals. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  i5o±,  in  storage, 
45<D±;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  30,  in  storage,  20;  Plants,  on  exhi- 
bition, 50,  in  storage,  150. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  3oo±,  in  storage,  i5oo±;  Insects, 
on  exhibition,  6oo±,  in  storage,  3oo±;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 51,  in  storage,  ioo±;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  7,  in  storage,  8o±; 
Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  i,  in  storage,  2o±;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition, 
10,  in  storage,  6o±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  8oo±,  in  storage,  6oo±; 
Mammals,  on  exhibition,  92,  in  storage,  75±.  These  figures  include 
some  morphological  specimens  and  a  collection  of  262  foreign  birds 
largely  from  India;  there  is  in  addition  a  collection  of  450^  species  of 
bird  eggs.  There  are  5  large  and  15  small  groups  of  animals  exhibited 
in  natural  surroundings;  the  best  of  these  are  the  bison,  elk,  and  flamin- 
go groups. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  organized  in  1859  as  a 
branch  of  the  City  Library  Association  and  until  1871  occupied  a  room 
in  the  city  hall.  Upon  the  removal  of  the  library  to  its  new  building 
on  State  Street  in  1871,  the  museum  was  assigned  a  room  on  the  lower 
floor,  where  it  remained  until  1895,  when  it  was  given  quarters  on  the 
lower  floor  of  the  newly  erected  Art  Museum.  In  1898  the  rapidly 
growing  collections  necessitated  the  erection  of  a  building  exclusively 
for  the  museum. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  City  Library  Association  derives  its 
income  from  invested  funds,  from  city  appropriation,  and  from  the 
dog  tax;  this  income  is  used  in  no  specified  proportion  for  maintenance 
of  the  Library,  Art  Museum,  and  Museum  of  Natural  History. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1899  at  a  cost  of  $30,000  raised  by  sub- 
scription, the  building  affords  5720  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhi- 
bition, and  1000  for  offices,  workrooms,  and  storage. 


138  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN    MUSEUMS 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  directors  of 
the  association  through  its  committee  on  the  museum. 

SCOPE.  The  principal  work  of  the  museum  in  its  earlier  years  was 
the  maintenance  of  local  collections;  it  now  devotes  special  attention 
to  cooperation  in  public  school  work,  especially  by  seasonal  exhibits 
of  birds.  It  has  recently  extended  its  work  to  research  and  publica- 
tion. 

LIBRARY.  A  reference  library  of  natural  history  including  533 
titles,  serials  being  given  title  once. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Annual  reports  from  1898  to  date;  2  special  pub- 
lications; and  a  series  of  Bulletins  of  which  i  has  been  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  2  to  6.  The 
attendance  is  estimated  at  30,000  annually. 

CONNECTICUT  VALLEY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  historical  collection,  and  a  library  of  about 
1000  volumes  and  pamphlets,  now  in  storage  awaiting  the  construc- 
tion of  the  new  city  library  building,  in  which  the  society  will  have  a 
room.  The  curator  is  William  C.  Stone. 

ZOOLOGICAL   PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1885,  containing  21  reptiles,  988  birds,  and  201  mammals. 

TAUNTON: 

BRISTOL  COUNTY  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES. 

This  institution  was  organized  and  incorporated  in  1909  to  pro- 
mote and  encourage  public  interest  in  all  branches  of  natural  history, 
in  the  liberal  and  useful  arts,  and  in  the  conservation  of  our  natural 
resources.  It  proposes  to  maintain  a  museum,  a  research  and  experi- 
mental laboratory,  a  bureau  of  information,  a  library,  lectures,  and 
publications.  The  museum  will  devote  special  attention  to  local  collec- 
tions and  educational  school  work.  The  secretary  of  the  society  is 
A.  Cleveland  Bent,  and  the  curator  of  the  museum  is  Frederic  H.  Car- 
penter. 

TOPSFIELD: 

TOPSFIELD    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

The  society  reports  that  it  has  no  museum,  but  it  is  understood 
that  plans  are  being  matured  for  the  acquisition  of  the  historic  Capen 
house  and  its  maintenance  as  a  museum  of  local  antiquities. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF    NATURAL   SCIENCES  139 

TUFTS  COLLEGE: 

TUFTS  COLLEGE.    Barnum  Museum. 

The  museum  is  maintained  primarily  for  teaching  purposes  and 
includes  a  general  collection  of  natural  history  specimens  in  charge 
of  J.  S.  Kingsley,  director. 

WELLESLEY:  v 

WELLESLEY  COLLEGE.    Farnsworth  Museum  of  Art. 

STAFF.  Professor  of  art,  Alice  Van  Vechten  Brown;  Curator  of 
art  library  and  collections,  Nancy  May  Pond;  Assistant  to  the  curator, 
Eloise  M.  Holton. 

ART.  A  few  original  antique  Greek  and  Roman  marbles  and 
examples  of  early  Italian  painting;  io,ioo±  photographs,  reproduc- 
tions of  drawings,  etc. ;  the  James  Jackson  Jarves  collection,  including 
90±  examples  of  old  Italian,  Flemish,  and  Spanish  lace,  a  number  of 
church  vestments  and  embroideries;  the  Frost  collection  of  Indian 
baskets;  the  Stetson  collection  of  modern  paintings;  and  a  small 
collection  of  Egyptian  antiquities  dating  from  the  nth  dynasty  and 
obtained  from  the  Egyptian  exploration  fund. 

BUILDING.  The  Farnsworth  Art  Building  was  erected  in  1889 
by  the  late  Isaac  D.  Farnsworth  and  contains,  besides  the  galleries 
devoted  to  the  museum  collections,  a  library,  lecture  halls,  labora- 
tories, and  studios  used  by  students  in  the  department  of  art  in  the 
college. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  the  general  funds  of  Wellesley  College, 
with  a  special  endowment  for  the  professorship  of  art. 

LIBRARY.  2000  volumes  on  fine  arts,  intended  for  the  use  of  the 
students  and  faculty  of  the  college. 

WELLESLEY  COLLEGE.     Scientific  Collections. 

BOTANY.  The  botanical  collections  comprise  charts,  maps,  etc.; 
preserved  material;  and  herbaria.  In  the  first  group  there  are  292 
charts,  5  maps,  61  Auzoux  and  Brendel  models,  and  1620  water  color 
plates  of  flowers.  The  preserved  material  includes  a  total  of  2339 
specimens  of  plants  and  plant  products;  683  jars  of  material  for  labora- 
tory use  or  lecture  demonstration;  2200  microscopic  slides;  200  speci- 
mens in  paraffin  for  sectioning;  and  700  lantern  slides.  The  herbaria 
include  (i)  a  phanerogamic  herbarium,  comprising  a  general  mounted 
collection  of  12,800  specimens;  a  New  England  collection  of  3750 
specimens;  a  laboratory  series  of  960  specimens;  and  1900  unmounted 
duplicates.  (2)  A  cryptogamic  herbarium  of  about  21,000  specimens, 


140  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

including  many  special  sets  of  which  the  most  important  is  the  Clara 
E.  Cummings  collection  of  over  4000  lichens  from  all  parts  of  North 
America. 

Early  in  the  history  of  the  college  the  botanical  museum, 
exclusive  of  the  herbaria,  was  endowed  by  Mrs.  S.  W.  Mann.  This 
endowment  has  been  sufficient  to  cover  the  cost  of  new  material  but 
has  yielded  nothing  towards  defraying  the  expense  of  caring  for  the 
collection.  The  college  pays  for  much  of  the  labor  in  connection  with 
the  museum,  including  the  mounting  of  material  for  the  herbaria. 

GEOLOGY.  The  teaching  collection  in  this  department  is  in  charge 
of  Elizabeth  F.  Fisher,  professor  of  geology  and  geography.  It  com- 
prises about  5000  minerals;  about  500  specimens  of  dynamic  and  struc- 
tural geology;  about  2500  specimens  in  historical  geology;  and  a  sys- 
tematic collection  of  rocks  and  the  educational  series  distributed  by 
the  United  States  geological  survey.  This  collection  is  maintained  by 
the  laboratory  appropriation;  additions  are  made  by  special  appro- 
priations. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  collections  of  this  department  are  housed  in  the 
zoological  laboratories  and  adjoining  corridors  of  College  Hall  and  are 
in  charge  of  Albert  P.  Morse,  curator.  They  are  maintained  primarily 
for  teaching  purposes  and  the  collection  of  North  and  South  American 
birds  is  the  most  extensive. 

WESTBOROUGH: 

WESTBOROUGH  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  president  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a  small  museum 
in  charge  of  Amelia  Harrington,  curator.  No  reply  has  been  received 
to  repeated  requests  for  further  information  regarding  the  collec- 
tions, which  are  said  by  Thwaites  to  comprise  household  articles, 
portraits,  etc. 

WEST  NEWBURY: 

WEST  NEWBURY  NATURAL  HISTORY  CLUB. 

This  club  occupies  the  lower  floor  of  the  Soldiers  and  Sailors' 
Memorial  Building,  where  it  has  a  library  of  3000  volumes  and  many 
thousand  pamphlets,  and  small  collections  in  natural  history  and  local 
history.  The  botanical  collection  is  the  most  extensive.  The  collec- 
tions are  in  charge  of  Helen  S.  Merrill,  curator,  but  are  not  regularly 
open  to  the  public. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  141 

WILLIAMSTOWN: 

WILLIAMS  COLLEGE.    Museums. 

ART.  The  department  of  art  has  a  large  collection  of  etchings, 
ceramics,  photographs,  etc.,  in  charge  of  R.  O.  Rice,  professor  of  art. 
These  collections  are  awaiting  the  erection  of  a  suitable  building  to 
provide  space  for  their  display. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  This  department  maintains  the 
following  collections  in  charge  of  Herdman  F.  Cleland,  professor  of 
geology  and  curator  of  the  museum,  with  i  assistant  and  i  janitor: 
Minerals,  on  exhibition,  1800.  in  storage,  5000;  Rocks,  on  exhibition, 
400,  in  storage,  1000;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  on 
exhibition,  50,  in  storage,  250;  Invertebrate  fossils,  on  exhibition, 
1000,  in  storage,  3000;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  75,  in  storage,  25; 
Plants,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  250.  Geological  material  of 
special  interest  includes  a  local  collection;  a  Panama  collection;  a 
series  of  ornamental  stones;  an  especially  fine  series  of  silica,  agate, 
etc. ;  and  a  selected  series  of  specimens  to  show  weathering  and  erosion, 
folding  and  faulting,  and  ore  formation.  There  are  also  3000  recent 
shells  on  exhibition  and  2000  in  storage.  The  paleontological  collec- 
tion includes  the  types  of  many  of  E.  Emmons'  vertebrates  and  inver- 
tebrates from  North  Carolina,  especially  Dromatherium  sylvestre; 
and  of  H.  F.  Cleland's  invertebrates  from  the  calciferous  of  New  York 
and  the  devonian  of  Wisconsin.  The  museum  has  a  geological  library 
of  2500  volumes  for  the  use  of  staff  and  students. 

The  geological  museum  occupies  a  building  erected  in  1908  by  the 
Clark  estate  and  affording  4200  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibi- 
tion, and  5400  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

In  the  biological  laboratory  there  is  a  good  teaching  collection, 
and  in  the  basement  of  Berkshire  Hall  are  stored  the  remnants  of  the 
collections  of  the  old  Lyceum  of  Natural  History  which  is  said  to  be  the 
oldest  student  organization  of  its  kind  in  the  United  States,  having 
originated  at  least  as  early  as  1825. 

WOBURN: 

RUMFORD  HISTORICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
concerning  this  association,  which  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain 
a  small  museum. 


!42  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

WOODS  HOLE: 

UNITED  STATES  BUREAU  OF  FISHERIES. 

The  bureau  main  tains  here  a  collection  of  living  fishes  and  inverte- 
brates, and  a  collection  of  alcoholic  specimens  representing  the  marine 
fauna  of  Buzzards  Bay  and  of  Vineyard  and  Nantucket  sounds. 

WORCESTER: 

AMERICAN  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 

This  society,  founded  in  1812,  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain  a 
collection  of  valuable  portraits,  antiques,  and  manuscripts,  as  well  as 
cabinets  of  Indian  and  Mexican  relics  in  its  hall,  erected  in  1878. 

CLARK  UNIVERSITY.    Clark  Memorial  Collection. 

In  accordance  with  the  wishes  of  the  founder  of  the  university, 
Jonas  Oilman  Clark,  a  room  75  x  48  feet  has  been  set  apart  in  the 
library  building  for  the  exhibition  of  74  of  his  best  pictures  and  the 
books  which  he  prized  most  highly.  The  gallery  has  an  endowment  of 
$100,000  yielding  an  income  of  about  $4000  annually.  It  is  in  charge 
of  Louis  N.  Wilson,  librarian. 

In  an  addition  to  the  library  building  in  course  of  erection  in  1910 
one  floor  will  be  devoted  to  a  pedagogical  museum,  concerning  which 
information  is  not  yet  available. 

WORCESTER  ART  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Director,  Philip  J.  Centner;  Assistants  to  the  director, 
Benjamin  H.  Stone,  Elizabeth  M.  Gardiner;  Custodian,  Arthur  H. 
Stebbins;  Attendant,  Anna  D.  Hackett;  8  other  employees. 

ART.  The  collections  include  some  75  oil  paintings,  of  which  the 
most  noteworthy  are,  "An  Arrangement  in  Black  and  Brown:  The 
Fur  Jacket"  by  James  McNeill  Whistler;  3  "Portraits"  by  William 
Hogarth;  "Christ  disputing  with  the  Doctors"  by  Herrera;  "The 
Venetian  Blind"  by  Edmund  C.  Tarbell;  "Portrait  of  My  Daughters" 
by  Frank  W.  Benson;  "  Prelude"  by  Willard  L.  Metcalf ;  landscapes  by 
Inness  and  Twachtman;  portraits  by  Copley  and  Stuart;  stained 
glass  window,  representing  a  peacock,  by  John  LaFarge;  the  Bancroft 
collection  of  Japanese  prints,  numbering  about  5000;  the  Russell 
collection  of  engravings  by  Sir  Robert  Strange;  a  collection  of  about 
500  engravings  by  American  engravers ;  collections  of  casts  from  anti- 
que and  renaissance  sculpture;  porcelains,  bronzes,  cloisonne,  and  bric- 
a-brac,  oriental,  European,  and  American;  and  a  few  original  marbles 
and  bronzes.  In  addition,  a  collection  of  photographs  was  started  in 
the  fall  of  1909  to  give  a  comprehensive  view  of  ancient  and  modern 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF    NATURAL   SCIENCES  143 

architecture,  sculpture,  painting,  and  the  minor  arts.  It  now  consists 
of  2500  plates  and  300  lantern  slides,  and  is  being  rapidly  added  to. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Worcester  Art  Museum  was  organized 
and  incorporated  in  1896  at  the  instigation  of  the  late  Hon.  Stephen 
Salisbury,  who  gave  a  tract  of  land  and  the  sum  of  $100,000,  of  which 
one-half  was  set  aside  for  building  and  the  remainder  for  maintenance. 
A  further  sum  of  about  $35,000  was  raised  by  popular  subscription. 
The  museum  was  opened  May  10,  1898,  with  a  loan  exhibition  formed 
by  the  cooperation  of  the  Worcester  Art  Museum  and  the  Worcester 
Art  Society.  On  the  death  of  the  founder  in  1905  the  museum  became 
his  residuary  legatee. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  From  endowment,  $142,697 ;  from  member- 
ships, $520;  from  admissions,  $92;  from  other  sources,  $17;  total, 
$143,326.  The  last  report  of  the  museum  for  1908-9  shows  a  total 
property  of  about  $3,400,000  of  which  $2,790,000  is  income  bearing. 
The  balance  covers  the  value  of  the  collections,  buildings,  etc. 

BUILDING.  A  fireproof  building  was  erected  in  1897-8  at  a 
cost  of  about  $106,000.  It  provides  approximately  10,000  square  feet 
of  floor  space  for  exhibitions,  in  addition  to  the  staircase  halls. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  twelve 
trustees,  through  a  committee  on  the  museum. 

SCOPE.  The  aim  of  the  museum  is  the  promotion  of  art  and  art 
education.  It  maintains  a  school  of  drawing,  painting,  and  design  in 
the  Salisbury  house,  with  about  90  pay  pupils  and  10  scholarships. 
From  1900  to  1907,  it  has  held  summer  exhibitions  of  the  work  of 
contemporary  artists  in  competition  for  prizes.  In  1908  prize  exhibi- 
tions were  changed  to  exhibitions  from  which  one  or  more  paintings 
were  bought.  A  course  of  lectures  is  given  annually  in  the  museum, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Worcester  Art  Society.  This  course  has 
been  supplemented  since  1908  by  a  course  of  informal  talks  descrip- 
tive of  the  exhibits  in  the  museum,  some  of  which  are  illustrated  with 
a  stereopticon,  held  weekly  during  the  winter  months. 

LIBRARY.    750  volumes,  accumulated  by  gift  and  purchase. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Annual  reports  have  been  published  since  1899, 
and  a  Bulletin,  beginning  with  1910. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  Monday, 
from  10  to  12  and  2  to  4.30,  and  on  Sundays  from  1.30  to  5.  Admission 
is  free  except  Tuesday  and  Thursday,  when  an  entrance  fee  of 2  5  cents 
is  charged.  Since  the  opening  there  have  been  309,000  visitors,  of 
whom  299,000  have  come  on  free  days,  and  10,000  on  pay  days. 


144  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

WORCESTER  NATURAL  HISTORY  SOCIETY.    (12  State  Street.) 

The  society  occupies  an  old-time  residence  in  which  it  maintains  a 
museum  in  charge  of  Herbert  D.  Braman;  superintendent,  and  Mrs. 
Ella  L.  Horr,  custodian.  The  collections  are  strictly  local  and  include 
a  good  herbarium  of  ferns,  lycopods,  grasses,  sedges,  mosses,  lichens, 
liverworts,  and  flowering  plants  of  Worcester  County;  the  Eliza  D. 
Dodge  collection  of  birds  of  the  county,  mounted  in  natural  surround- 
ings and  housed  at  the  Mansion  House  in  Green  Hill  Park  for  lack  of 
room  in  the  State  Street  building;  a  small  but  representative  collec- 
tion of  local  minerals;  and  a  good  collection  of  invertebrate  and  verte- 
brate animals  of  the  county.  A  wild  flower  exhibit  properly  labeled  is 
kept  on  tables  in  the  museum  during  the  flowering  season;  a  garden 
of  local  ferns  is  maintained  on  the  grounds  of  the  society;  and  classes  for 
the  study  of  different  groups  of  plants,  rocks,  minerals,  insects,  etc. 
in  the  field  and  at  the  museum  are  maintained  every  year.  Successful 
bird  classes  are  also  conducted  at  the  museum  and  in  the  field;  bird 
skins  are  mounted  in  celluloid  tubes  and  loaned  to  schools.  Small 
cases  showing  the  life  history  of  destructive  insects  are  used  for  public 
school  work.  A  library  of  about  600  volumes  on  science  and  nature 
study  is  maintained  for  reference. 

The  society  has  some  invested  funds  but  is  supported  largely  by 
private  subscription  and  membership  fees.  The  publications  of  the 
society  include  (i)  Annual  Reports.  (2)  "Physical  Geography  of 
Worcester/'  by  J.  H.  Perry.  (3)  "  The  Geology  of  Worcester,"  by  J.  H. 
Perry.  (4)  "Flora  of  Lake  Quinsigamond,"  by  G.E.  Stone.  (5)  "Cata- 
log of  the  flowering  plants  and  ferns  in  Worcester  County,"  by  J.  H. 
Jackson. 

The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  holi- 
days, from  9  to  12  and  2  to  5.  The  attendance  is  6000-8000  yearly. 

WORCESTER  SOCIETY  OF  ANTIQUITY. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  this  society,  which  is 
said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain  a  museum  of  about  6000  pieces  illustrat- 
ing especially  the  epochs  of  the  various  wars. 

MICHIGAN 

ADRIAN: 

ADRIAN  COLLEGE. 

The  registrar  reports  that  the  museum  contains  a  small  collec- 
tion of  animals,  birds,  insects,  and  minerals.  There  is  no  list  or  cata- 
log, no  curator,  and  no  regular  financial  support. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  145 

ALMA: 

ALMA  COLLEGE.    Francis  A.  Hood  Museum. 

STAFF.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  H.  M.  MacCurdy,  professor 
of  biology. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  A  general  collection  of  about  2500 
rocks,  minerals,  etc.,  and  the  Alexander  Winchell  collection  of  over  6000 
rocks,  minerals,  and  fossils,  many  of  which  were  collected  in  Michigan 
and  described  by  Dr.  Winchell ;  the  Shroyer-Wilcox  collection  of  several 
thousand  paleozoic  fossils,  representing  about  1000  species,  those  of 
the  Cincinnati  group  being  especially  well  represented. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  general  collection  estimated  to  contain  2000  speci- 
mens of  vertebrate  and  invertebrate  material;  the  Stillwell  collection 
of  about  300  Michigan  birds  and  mammals,  collected  for  the  most 
part  in  the  vicinity  of  the  college  and  representing  some  species  now 
extinct  or  very  rare  in  that  locality;  and  the  W.  S.  Crawford  collection 
of  birds  from  Florida,  Arizona,  and  Michigan. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  has  had  no  regular  income  in 
the  past,  but  beginning  in  1910  the  college  will  set  aside  $50  annually 
from  incidental  funds  for  museum  purposes. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  In  1897  the  museum  was  formally  opened  in 
a  room  of  the  gymnasium  building,  the  installation  being  made  possible 
by  gifts  of  Mrs.  Francis  A.  Hood  of  Saginaw  and  her  son,  in  memory  of 
Francis  A.  Hood.  In  1900  the  museum  was  transferred  to  the  building 
which  it  now  occupies.  The  special  collections  of  the  museum  have 
been  acquired  partly  by  purchase  and  partly  by  gift. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1900  and  affording  3500  square  feet  of 
floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  1500  for  storage,  workrooms,  etc. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  Tuesday  and  Saturday 
afternoons  from  i. 30  to  3.30.  No  statistics  of  attendance  are  available. 

ANN  ARBOR: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  MICHIGAN.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  Jacob  Reighard;  Curator,  Alexander  G.  Ruth- 
ven;  Preparator,  Norman  A.  Wood;  i  assistant  and  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples :  Archeology ,  foreign,  3oo±; 
Ethnology,  native  6oo±,  foreign,  25o±.  Civilized  peoples,  modern, 
1500^.  This  department  includes  the  Beal-Steere  collection  of  arms, 
implements,  carpenters'  tools,  musical  instruments,  and  idols  of  the 
Chinese;  many  articles  domestic  and  warlike  used  by  North  American 
Indians  and  natives  of  the  South  Pacific  Islands;  clothing  of  the  Ameri- 
can Indians,  modern  Peruvians,  Formosans,  and  natives  of  the  East 


146  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Indies  and  Alaska;  casts  from  Europe  and  the  Ohio  mounds;  pottery 
from  the  cliff  dwellers  of  New  Mexico  and  Arizona;  the  Daniel  DePue 
collection  chiefly  from  Washtenaw  County,  Michigan ;  a  fine  collection 
of  flint  instruments  from  Denmark;  and  an  extensive  collection  of  Peru- 
vian burial  pottery  secured  by  the  Beal-Steere  expedition.  There  is 
also  the  Frederick  Stearns  collection  of  1400  musical  instruments 
representing  nearly  all  types  of  all  nations  and  ages,  collected  with 
reference  to  its  educational  value  as  illustrating  the  evolution  of  modern 
types;  and  the  Chinese  exhibit  of  the  New  Orleans  cotton  exposition 
illustrating  the  culture  and  manufacture  of  cotton  and  its  use  in  gar- 
ments,, native-made  household  furniture,  and  house  and  garden  pot- 
tery. 

BOTANY.  100,000  specimens  representing  5000  species  and  in- 
cluding large  series  of  Michigan  plants  collected  by  the  public  surveys; 
the  Houghton,  Sager,  Ames.  Harrington,  Beal-Steere,  Adams- Jewett, 
and  the  Garrigues  herbaria;  Holden's  and  Setchell's  Phycotheca 
Boreali- Americana;  Briosi  and  Cavara's  parasitic  fungi;  Seymour  and 
Earle's  economic  fungi;  the  continuation  of  Ellis's  North  American 
fungi  and  large  additions  to  the  cryptogamic  flora  of  Michigan. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  6000,  including  the  Lederer  collection  of 
2500  specimens,  principally  European;  rich  series  of  Michigan  minerals, 
including  all  varieties  of  copper  ores  and  associated  minerals  from  the 
Lake  Superior  region.  Also  an  economic  collection,  including  a  series 
of  foreign  and  domestic  building  stones  from  the  Smithsonian  Institu- 
tion; a  series  illustrating  the  metalliferous  region  of  the  upper  peninsula 
of  Michigan;  150  specimens  of  ores  and  rocks,  39  of  copper  ore  and 
associated  rocks  from  the  Wolverine  copper  mine,  7  of  native  copper 
from  the  Calumet  and  Hecla  mines,  25  of  asphaltum  and  petroleum, 
and  samples  of  brine  and  salt  from  Percy's  salt  well  in  Mason  County. 
There  is  a  good  collection  in  dynamic  geology  and  a  series  of  relief 
maps,  models,  and  lantern  slides. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  g5,ooo±  specimens,  nearly  all  invertebrates, 
including  a  large  series  from  the  geological  survey  of  the  state,  of 
which  more  than  100  are  type  specimens;  the  White  collection  of  1018 
catalog  entries;  the  Rominger  collection  of  5000  species,  including 
types  of  all  the  paleozoic  corals  described  by  Dr.  Rominger  in  the  third 
volume  of  the  geologic  report  of  Michigan^  and  many  other  series. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  13,000,  in  storage,  5o,ooo±; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage.  5o,ooo±,  co-types,  9;  Other 
invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  2ooo± ;  Fishes,  in  storage, 
6864;  Batrachians,  in  storage,  1345;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  21,  in 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  147 

storage,  1398;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  1545,  in  storage,  6589,  types,  44; 
Mammals,  on  exhibition,  226,  in  storage,  1018;  Bird  eggs,  2445,  nests, 
261,  stomachs,  1532.  53  small  groups  of  animals  are  exhibited  in 
natural  surroundings. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  an  average  of  $3371 
a  year  from  the  university,  which  in  turn  is  supported  by  the  state. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  8214  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition  in  a  building  erected  in  1881  at  a  cost  of  $50,000. 

SCOPE.  Exploration  and  research  (principally  on  state  problems), 
school  and  college  teaching,  and  maintenance  of  local  collections. 
Systematic  collections  of  Michigan  animals  are  supplied  to  schools  of 
the  state.  The  museum  is  the  depository  of  the  collections  and 
records  of  the  state  biological  survey. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports  of  the  curator  to  the  board  of 
regents.  (2)  Reprints  of  papers  published  by  the  staff  and  others  on 
the  museum  collections  are  purchased  and  sent  to  persons  and  institu- 
tions on  the  museum  exchange  list. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  daily  except 
Sundays  from  8  to  5. 

DETROIT: 

DEPARTMENT  OF  PARKS  AND  BOULEVARDS. 

This  department  maintains  in  Belle  Isle  Park  an  aquarium  and 
zoological  garden,  in  charge  of  an  executive  officer  appointed  by  the 
mayor.  The  aquarium  contains  a  collection  of  living  fishes  which  is 
said  to  be  the  third  largest  known,  and  which  is  maintained  at  an  annual 
expense  of  about  $11,000.  The  zoological  garden  contains  60  birds 
and  107  mammals  which  are  maintained  at  an  annual  expense  of  about 
$6000.  These  collections  are  open  free  to  the  public  and  the  attend- 
ance exceeds  800,000  annually. 

DETROIT  MUSEUM  OF  ART. 

STAFF.  Director,  A.  H.  Griffith;  Assistant  director,  C.  H.  Bur- 
roughs; Curators,  Garfield  Jenney,  Charles  Williams,  Ernest  Coving- 
ton,  H.  Alger;  Librarian,  Fred  LaPointe;  i  engineer  and  i  watchman. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    A  good  collection  in  archeology  and  ethnology. 

ART.  A  fine  collection  of  casts  and  marbles;  about  2000  prints 
and  engravings;  an  important  collection  of  old  masters  as  well  as  many 
modern  paintings;  40  water  colors;  a  very  large  collection  of  ceramics 
and  oriental  material;  and  a  small  collection  of  textiles. 

OTHER  COLLECTIONS.  A  small  collection  of  minerals  and  fossils; 
a  large  collection  of  shells;  and  small  collections  of  insects  and  birds. 


148  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN  .MUSEUMS 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  an  annual  appro- 
priation of  $1800  from  the  city,  and  about  $2000  a  year  from  private 
subscriptions  which  are  used  as  a  picture  fund. 

BUILDING.  The  building  covers  about  20,000  square  feet  of 
ground  and  is  three  stories  high;  it  was  erected  in  1888  at  a  cost  of 
$160,000,  met  partly  by  subscription  and  partly  by  city  appropria- 
tion. A  new  site  and  a  new  building  are  now  under  consideration. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trustees 
through  its  executive  committee. 

SCOPE.  Instruction  of  the  public  through  exhibition,  lectures, 
etc.  A  series  of  Sunday  afternoon  lectures  on  art,  given  during  .the 
winter  months  for  the  last  17  years,  draws  audiences  which  crowd  an 
auditorium  accommodating  1000  persons,  and  as  many  more  are  fre- 
quently turned  away.  Lectures  are  given  through  the  week  to  public 
school  classes  which  come  to  the  museum. 

LIBRARY.  1000  volumes  on  art,  travel,  etc.,  for  use  of  both  staff 
and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  A  bulletin  issued  quarterly.  (2)  Annual 
reports.  (3)  Catalogs  and  handbooks  issued  at  irregular  intervals. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  and  Sunday 
afternoons.  The  attendance  is  about  170,000  a  year. 

EAST  LANSING: 

MICHIGAN  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  a  museum  in  connection  with  the  depart- 
ment of  zoology  and  geology,  in  charge  of  Walter  B.  Barrows,  head  of 
the  department.  The  collections  comprise  about  1000  Indian  relics; 
2000  minerals  and  ores;  1000  fossils;  the  Ward  series  of  casts  of  fossils; 
approximately  75,000  native  and  foreign  insects,  in  charge  of  the  pro- 
fessor of  entomology;  and  the  following  other  zoological  collections, 
50  mounted  fishes,  noo  mounted  birds,  2000  bird  skins,  150  mounted 
mammals,  and  30  mounted  vertebrate  skeletons.  Special  effort  has 
been  made  to  render  the  local  exhibits  as  complete  as  possible.  The 
museum  occupies  a  main  exhibition  hall  affording  about  2475  square 
feet  of  floor  space.  It  is  supported  from  the  general  funds  of  the 
college  and  is  open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  8  to  5  and  on  Sundays 
from  2  to  5.  The  average  daily  attendance  is  estimated  to  be  about 
35;  in  several  instances  there  have  been  over  4000  visitors  in  a  single 
day. 

In  addition  to  the  collections  described  above,  there  is  a  series  of 
botanical  specimens  and  woods  in  the  department  of  botany. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  149 

GRAND  RAPIDS: 

KENT  SCIENTIFIC  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Director,  Herbert  E.  Sargent;  Assistant  director,  Edwin 
R.  Kalmbach;  Secretary,  Lena  E.  Baker;  Assistants,  E.  S.  Holmes 
and  Helen  B.  Allen;  i  janitor  and  engineer,  and  i  printer  (part  time). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples,  native,  3ooo±;  Civilized 
peoples,  ancient,  100  (Egyptian  antiquities),  modern,  700  specimens. 

ART.     Ceramics,  400  specimens. 

BOTANY.  Herbaria,  45oo±  specimens;  Display  bottles  of  seeds 
and  grains,  300;  Miscellaneous,  5oo±;  Forestry,  native  woods,  35o±, 
foreign  woods  (mostly  West  Indian  and  South  American),  2oo±. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  3610,  in  storage,  large  quanti- 
ties ;  Rocks,  on  exhibition,  230.  There  are  many  fine  cabinet  specimens 
of  Grand  Rapids  gypsum  and  calcites,  and  Joplin,  Missouri,  sphalerites, 
dolomites,  and  calcites  for  exchange. 

NUMISMATICS.     1500  specimens. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  2170;  Vertebrates,  20,  including 
type  specimens  of  Botherium  sargenti;  Plants,  306.  The  collections 
include  the  skeleton  of  a  mastodon  from  Florida,  restored  and  mounted, 
and  a  mastodon  from  Michigan  in  process  of  restoration. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2000  species,  in  storage,  5675; 
Insects,  4030;  Other  invertebrates,  1525;  Fishes,  40;  Reptiles,  40; 
Birds,  on  exhibition,  750,  in  storage,  3000;  Mammals,  30;  Bird  eggs 
and  nests,  600.  These  collections  include  a  mounted  specimen  of  a 
70  foot  whale;  the  Steere  collection  of  Philippine  corals,  comprising 
1000  specimens,  said  to  be  the  most  complete  collection  of  Philippine 
corals  in  the  United  States;  and  the  E.  Crofton  Fox  collection  of 
Bahama  sponges. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  transfer  of  the  collections  of  the  Kent 
Scientific  Institute  to  the  board  of  education  constituted  the  beginning 
of  the  present  museum.  During  the  year  1902  these  collections, 
together  with  several  others  acquired  by  purchase,  were  displayed 
in  the  audience  hall  of  the  Central  High  School.  The  present  museum 
building  was  opened  to  the  public  on  January  7,  1904. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  an  appropriation  from  city  council,  the 
amount  being  fixed  from  year  to  year,  and  by  gifts  from  interested 
friends.  The  last  city  appropriation  was  $6774. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1870,  purchased  by  the  city  at  a  cost  of 
$40,000,  and  adapted  to  museum  purposes  in  1903.  It  affords  11,000 
square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  2500  for  offices, 
workrooms,  etc. 


150  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  who  is  responsible  to  a  library 
and  museum  commission  elected  by  popular  vote. 

SCOPE.  Instruction  of  the  general  public  and  pupils  of  the  public 
schools,  and  the  maintenance  of  local  collections.  Regular  circulating 
collections  are  maintained  for  use  in  the  schools,  lectures  are  given  at 
the  museum  to  teachers  with  their  classes,  exhibits  are  made  each 
year  at  the  West  Michigan  state  fair,  and  special  exhibits  are  held 
annually  at  the  museum. 

LIBRARY.  1000  volumes  of  a  scientific  character,  used  chiefly  by 
the  staff. 

PUBLICATIONS.    Bulletin,  issued  monthly. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8.30 
to  5  and  on  Sundays  and  legal  holidays  from  2.30  to  5.  The  yearly 
attendance  approximates  55,000. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  4  acres,  established  in  1891, 
containing  7  reptiles,  48  birds,  and  90  mammals. 

HOUGHTON: 

MICHIGAN  COLLEGE  OF  MINES.    Mineralogical  Museum. 

The  college  maintains  the  following  collections  in  geology  and 
paleontology  in  charge  of  A.  E.  Seaman,  professor  of  mineralogy  and 
geology:  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  15,300;  Rocks,  on  exhibition,  4000, 
in  storage,  5000;  Microscopic  sections,  of  minerals,  2132,  of  rocks, 
4973;  Exhibits  to  show  the  properties  of  minerals,  485;  Specimens 
illustrating  the  formations  of  Michigan,  1975;  Natural  crystals,  2260; 
Crystal  models  in  glass,  151,  in  wood  and  plaster,  2153;  Economic 
collections,  3000.  In  paleontology  there  are  3000  invertebrate,  200 
vertebrate,  and  100  plant  fossils. 

In  addition  to  the  foregoing  there  are  250  ethnological  specimens; 
300  specimens  of  woods;  1000  shells;  and  a  small  synoptic  collection 
in  zoology. 

LANSING: 

MICHIGAN  PIONEER  AND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.    (Capitol.) 

The  society  maintains  a  museum  on  the  fourth  floor  of  the  capi- 
tol,  including  the  best  collection  of  Indian  relics  on  display  in  the  state; 
3000  pieces  of  china;  a  collection  of  fine  pewter,  brownware,  candle- 
sticks, lamps,  etc.;  100  portraits;  some  very  old  furniture;  and  a 
collection  of  miscellaneous  articles  of  historical  interest.  The  museum 
has  no  endowment  or  special  income  but  is  maintained  by  the  society 
in  connection  with  its  general  historical  investigation. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  151 

MINNESOTA 

COLLEGEVILLE: 

ST.  JOHN'S  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  a  museum  for  teaching  purposes  in 
charge  of  Severin  Gertken,  curator,  and  James  Hansen  and  Fridolin 
Tembreull,  assistants.  The  collections  occupy  4576  square  feet  of 
exhibition  space  on  the  second  floor  of  the  library  building.  There  are 
6  cases  of  ethnological  specimens,  representing  the  Minnesota  Chip- 
pewa  Indians,  the  Dakota  Sioux  Indians,  and  the  Alaska  Indians. 
The  herbarium  includes  1200  species;  and  the  geological  collection, 
2500  specimens.  In  zoology  there  are  15,000  insects,  including  600 
species  of  beetles,  and  an  equal  number  of  butterflies  and  moths  from 
Minnesota ;  and  400  mounted  specimens  of  birds  and  mammals.  There 
are  also  small  collections  of  shells,  coins,  and  eggs. 

MINNEAPOLIS: 

MINNEAPOLIS  SOCIETY  OF  FINE  ARTS. 

The  society  holds  occasional  exhibitions  but  maintains  no  per- 
manent museum. 

MINNESOTA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES.     Museum.     (Public 
Library  Building.) 

STAFF.     Curator,  John  W.  Franzen. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Skulls,  body  and  limb  bones  of  prehistoric 
peoples  from  burial  mounds  in  Minnesota  and  adjoining  states; 
Indian  implements,  weapons,  clothing, etc., from  Minnesota;  an  exten- 
sive and  varied  collection  from  the  Philippines. 

ART.  The  following  collections  have  recently  been  placed  in  the 
museum  by  Mr.  T.  B.  Walker:  A  series  of  the  finest  8th  century 
Persian  porcelains;  Greek  vases  and  Tanagran  sculptured  figures  of 
the  6th  to  the  2nd  century  B.  c.;  ancient  Greek  and  Assyrian  glass- 
ware; Chinese  idols  and  temple  gods;  9  bas-reliefs  and  4  marble  heads 
from  Palmyra;  3  stone  tablets  with  cuneiform  inscriptions  from  the 
palaces  of  Ashur-nazir-pal,  king  of  Assyria;  40  Chinese  bronze  vases 
of  the  1 2th  to  the  i8th  century;  a  marble  statue  of  Hercules  from 
Palmyra;  etc. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  several  thousand  flowering  plants  of 
Minnesota ;  a  collection  of  Philippine  woods. 

GEOLOGY.  The  Walker  collection  of  ornamental  stones,  said  to  be 
the  best  of  its  kind  in  the  West;  a  general  geological  collection  repre- 
senting the  rocks  and  minerals  of  Minnesota  and  adjacent  states,  and 
the  province  of  Ontario. 


152  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Several  hundred  invertebrate  fossils  from  a  num- 
ber of  localities  in  southeastern  Minnesota,  forming  the  nucleus  of  a 
local  collection. 

ZOOLOGY.  An  extensive  collection  from  the  Philippines,  includ- 
ing one  of  the  largest  series  of  corals  known  from  this  region,  and  a 
large  number  of  specimens  of  Nautilus  which  formed  the  basis  of 
Professor  Lawrence  Griffin's  investigations  on  this  form;  2700  lepi- 
doptera,  chiefly  from  the  palearctic,  nearctic,  and  Indo-Malay  regions; 
an  excellent  representative  collection  of  Minnesota  birds  and  4000- 
5000  mounted  and  unmounted  bird  skins  from  the  Philippine  Islands, 
including  a  number  of  type  specimens  and  forming  one  of  the  most 
complete  collections  made  in  that  region. 

BUCLDING.  The  museum  occupies  about  3750  square  feet  of 
exhibition  floor  space  in  the  public  library  building. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8.30 
to  5.30  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  5.30.  The  number  of  visitors  is 
estimated  at  20,000-25,000  annually. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  MINNESOTA. 

The  curator  reports  that  the  zoological  collections  are  at  present 
in  storage  owing  to  lack  of  space  for  exhibition.  It  is  hoped  that 
suitable  quarters  will  be  provided  in  the  near  future  when  special 
attention  will  be  given  to  the  formation  of  local  collections.  No  in- 
formation has  been  received  regarding  other  collections  of  the  univer- 
sity, which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  a  herbarium  of  325,000 
plants,  200  specimens  of  woods,  2000  jars  of  botanical  material  in 
alcohol  or  formalin;  5700  rocks,  2000  minerals,  and  1500  thin  sections; 
and  9700  entries  in  paleontology,  with  additional  study  collections. 

WALKER  PRIVATE  GALLERY.     (807  Hennepin  Ave.) 

In  this  gallery  Mr.  T.  B.  Walker  has  a  carefully  selected  series  of 
about  250  oil  paintings,  including  many  by  old  masters;  a  collection  of 
very  fine  Chinese  bronzes  and  porcelains;  Persian,  Babylonian,  and 
Egyptian  pottery,  etc.  This  gallery  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week- 
days during  the  hours  of  daylight. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  about  10  acres  containing 
52  birds  and  24  mammals. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  153 

NORTHFIELD: 

GARLETON  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  museum  containing  approximately  12,000  fos- 
sils, 2000  minerals,  and  1000  zoological  specimens.  The  collection  is 
now  in  storage  owing  to  changes  in  the  buildings  of  the  college  and 
there  is  no  curator  at  present. 

ST.   PAUL: 

HAMLINE  UNIVERSITY. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
concerning  the  natural  history  museum  of  this  university,  which  is 
said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  200  anthropological  specimens,  3300 
botanical  specimens,  a  general  collection  of  minerals,  1000  specimens 
of  historical  geology,  1000  fossils,  and  the  following  zoological  collec- 
tions: Shells,  500;  Insects,  1000;  Other  invertebrates,  500  alcoholic 
and  300  dried  specimens;  Birds,  200  mounted  specimens  and  400  skins; 
Mammals,  100  skins;  Osteology,  100  articulated  and  250  disarticulated 
skeletons;  Alcoholic  vertebrates,  200;  Anatomical  preparations,  500; 
Bird  nests  and  eggs,  500. 

MINNESOTA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  museum,  library,  and  portrait  gallery; 
the  two  former  in  the  new  state  capitol  building,  the  latter  in  the  old 
capitol,  where  the  former  governor's  rooms  are  used  as  a  state  portrait 
gallery.  The  museum  contains  historical  relics,  chiefly  of  local  in- 
terest, and  a  large  archeological  collection,  including  about  23,000 
specimens  donated  by  Rev.  Edward  C.  Mitchell,  and  about  100,000 
specimens,  collected  and  donated  by  the  late  Hon.  J.  V.  Brower.  From 
the  field  notes  and  maps  accompanying  the  latter  collection,  there  is 
in  press  a  quarto  volume  on  "The  Archaeology  of  Minnesota,"  with 
about  500  maps  of  aboriginal  mounds  in  this  state,  by  Prof.  N.  H. 
Winchell,  to  be  published  by  the  society. 

ST.  PAUL  INSTITUTE  OF  ARTS  AND  SCIENCES. 

In  connection  with  its  department  of  natural  and  physical  sciences 
the  St.  Paul  Institute  has  established  a  museum  which  was  opened  to 
the  public  on  February  4,  1910.  The  museum  includes  the  Mite'  ell 
collection  of  1 2,000  sponges,  corals,  shells,  other  marine  invertebrates, 
and  fossils;  a  collection  of  400  game  birds  and  fishes;  over  2000  fossils; 
600  Indian  pottery,  implements,  and  weapons;  an  ethnological  col- 
lection of  600  objects  from  the  Philippines,  Egypt,  and  North  American 
Indian  tribes;  2000  geological  specimens;  a  Minnesota  herbarium;  a 


!54  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

general  collection  of  algae;  and  about  500  imported  butterflies.  The 
museum  is  in  charge  of  a  committee  of  the  trustees,  of  which  the  sec- 
retary of  the  institute,  Dr.  Arthur  Sweeney,  is  chairman.  Up  to 
the  present  time  Prof.  F.  W.  Sardeson  of  the  state  university  has  acted 
as  curator.  The  museum  is  supported  by  an  appropriation  from 
funds  of  the  institute.  It  occupies  a  fireproof  section  of  the  audi- 
torium affording  about  4000  square  feet  of  floor  space.  Two  addi- 
tional sections  of  the  same  size  are  available  for  expansion.  The 
collections  are  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  2  to  5  and 
on  Sundays  from  2  to  6. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  containing  8  birds  and  59 
mammals. 

ST.   PETER: 

GUSTAVUS  ADOLPHUS  COLLEGE.     Museum. 

STAFF.     Curator,  J.  A.  Edquist. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  300; 
Ethnology,  native,  50,  foreign,  100.  Civilized  peoples,  modern,  50. 

BOTANY.     Cryptogams,  500;  Phanerogams,  2500. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  200;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  100;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps, 
models,  etc.,  150. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  800,  in  storage, 
100;  Vertebrates,  25;  Plants,  100. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  200;  Insects,  500;  Other  invertebrates,  100; 
Fishes,  300;  Batrachians,  25;  Reptiles,  25;  Birds,  100;  Mammals,  50. 

The  museum  was  established  in  1875  at  the  time  of  the  founding 
of  the  college  and  now  occupies  1000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for 
exhibition;  its  principal  aim  is  college  teaching  although  it  is  also 
open  to  the  public. 

WINONA: 

STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

The  school  has  a  museum  comprising  about  500  species  of  minerals 
and  rocks;  12  cases  of  fossils;  a  large  collection  of  shells;  an  excellent 
synoptic  collection  of  other  invertebrates;  a  collection  of  local  fishes, 
snakes,  and  turtles;  over  220  species  of  local  birds,  including  some 
unmounted  skins;  15  species  of  local  mammals;  a  small  osteological 
collection  for  study  purposes;  30  or  more  Minnesota  woods;  and  a 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  155 

herbarium  of  3000  or  more  specimens  of  the  local  flora.  There  is  also 
a  skeleton  of  a  mastodon  and  a  small  collection  of  stone  implements. 
This  museum  occupies  2240  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition, 
and  is  in  charge  of  John  M.  Holzinger,  curator,  with  the  exception  of 
the  collection  of  minerals  and  fossils,  which  has  recently  been  trans- 
ferred to  the  care  of  the  department  of  geography. 

The  nucleus  of  this  museum  is  a  collection  purchased  prior  to 
1882  for  $3500  and  known  as  the  Woodman  collection.  This  was 
purchased  by  the  Winona  Society  of  Arts,  Sciences,  and  Letters, 
which  deposited  the  collection  in  the  normal  school. 


MISSISSIPPI 

AGRICULTURAL   COLLEGE: 

MISSISSIPPI  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  an  experiment  station  herbarium  of  2000 
phanerogams  and  2000  fungi  (chiefly  parasitic),  and  a  college  herbarium 
of  2000  specimens.  There  are  also  500  geological  specimens,  and  a 
zoological  collection,  including  10,000  insects,  a  synoptic  collection 
of  70  invertebrates,  a  few  fishes,  and  a  fairly  good  collection  of  bird 
eggs. 

JACKSON: 

MILLSAPS  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  museum  which  has  accumulated  since  1894  and 
now  includes  a  collection  of  about  100  Indian  relics  from  Mississippi; 
100  specimens  of  Japanese  art,  religion,  warfare,  and  domestic  life; 
500  minerals  and  500  rocks,  including  the  educational  collection  of 
the  United  States  geological  survey;  500  invertebrate  and  60  verte- 
brate fossils;  including  vertebrae  and  teeth  of  Zeuglodon,  Mastodon, 
Carcharodon,  etc.;  80  invertebrates  and  fishes;  and  a  collection  of  500 
bird  eggs  representing  50  varieties.  This  collection  is  in  charge  of  J. 
M.  Sullivan,  professor  of  geology,  and  is  supported  by  occasional 
gifts  and  laboratory  fees  of  college  classes. 

STATE  DEPARTMENT  OF  ARCHIVES  AND  HISTORY.     (State 
Capitol.) 

This  department  contains  a  collection  of  native  archeology  and  a 
historical  collection  including  portraits,  manuscripts,  war  relics,  etc. 
in  charge  of  Dunbar  Rowland,  director,  and  Mrs.  Dunbar  Rowland, 
assistant.  There  is  also  a  historical  library  of  3000  volumes,  including 


156  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

a  valuable  collection  of  transcripts  of  French,  English,  and  Spanish 
archives  relating  to  Mississippi  history,  thoroughly  classified  and 
accessible  to  accredited  investigators .  The  department  publishes  annual 
reports,  of  which  8  have  been  issued;  an  annual  volume  on  the  sources 
of  Mississippi  history,  i  issued;  and  an  official  and  statistical  register 
published  every  four  years,  2  issued. 

UNIVERSITY: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  MISSISSIPPI. 

The  university  is  the  depository  for  the  collections  of  the  state 
geological  survey,  and  maintains  teaching  collections  in  addition. 
There  is  a  rich  collection  of  Mississippi  geology  made  by  Dr.  Eugene 
Hilgard;  a  good  collection  of  Mississippi  lignites;  and  collections  show- 
ing the  economic  geology  of  the  state.  There  is  also  a  valuable  col- 
lection of  shells,  containing  some  10,000  varieties  purchased  from  Dr. 
Francis  K.  Markoe,  and  small  collections  in  ethnology  and  botany. 
These  collections  are  in  charge  of  E.  N.  Lowe,  state  geologist,  R.  W. 
Jones,  professor  of  geology,  and  W.  S.  Leathers,  professor  of  zoology. 

MISSOURI 

COLUMBIA: 

STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  MISSOURI. 

This  society  has  a  small  historical  collection  and  hopes  for  a  new 
building  in  which  to  provide  for  a  museum. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  MISSOURI. 

The  department  of  classical  archeology  maintains  a  museum  com- 
prising a  large  collection  of  casts  of  sculptures,  architectural  details, 
Greek  vases,  etc.,  and  an  extensive  series  of  photographs  of  paintings 
illustrating  the  history  of  art.  This  museum  is  in  charge  of  John 
Pickard,  curator  and  professor  of  classical  archeology,  and  occupies 
about  6coo  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  the  main  university  building. 

Teaching  collections  are  maintained  in  connection  with  the  depart- 
ments of  agriculture,  botany,  ethnology,  geology,  and  zoology. 

DOE  RUN: 

GRAVES  PRIVATE  MUSEUM. 

This  museum  is  supported  privately  by  Mr.  F.  P.  Graves,  but  is 
open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  6.  It  includes  large 
collections  of  Indian  and  mound  builders  implements,  minerals,  fossils, 
articles  of  historical  interest,  coins,  stamps,  autographs,  etc.  The 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  157 

minerals  and  ores  are  the  most  valuable  portion  of  the  museum  and 
the  collection  of  English  calcite  crystals,  barites,  fluorites,  etc.,  is  com- 
parable with  those  of  the  larger  museums. 

GLASGOW: 

PRITGHETT  COLLEGE. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
concerning  the  museum  of  this  college,  which  is  said  by  Merrill  to 
comprise  250  ethnological  specimens,  a  herbarium  of  500  native  plants, 
2000  minerals,  10,000  fossils,  and  800  zoological  specimens,  including 
100  native  birds  and  400  marine  invertebrates  in  alcohol. 

KANSAS   CITY: 

DANIEL  B.  DYER  MUSEUM.    (Public  Library  Building.) 

This  museum  is  named  in  honor  of  Daniel  B.  Dyer  of  Augusta, 
Georgia,  who  in  1905  presented  to  the  school  district  embracing  Kan- 
sas City  a  large  collection  of  relics  of  the  Indians,  mound  builders,  and 
cliff  dwellers;  Mexican  and  oriental  curios;  pottery;  relics  of  the  Span- 
ish-American war;  small  fossils;  coins  and  medals;  and  a  large  collec- 
tion of  minerals.  The  museum  is  maintained  by  the  school  tax  in 
connection  with  the  entire  library  building  and  is  in  charge  of  Mrs. 
Ophelia  Jacobs,  curator,  and  Mrs.  Kathleen  J.  Marley,  assistant  cur- 
ator, who  are  responsible  to  the  board  of  education.  The  museum 
is  an  important  adjunct  to  the  study  of  archeology,  geology,  and  his- 
tory in  the  public  schools,  and  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days, 
except  holidays,  from  9  to  5  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  5. 

WESTERN  GALLERY  OF  ART.    (Public  Library  Building.) 

The  board  of  education  maintains  on  the  upper  floor  of  the  public 
library  building  collections  comprising  63  copies  in  oil  and  more  than 
600  carbon  photographs  of  works  of  the  masters  of  various  schools  of 
painting  from  the  i4th  to  the  i9th  century,  also  reproductions  in 
marble,  bronze,  terra  cotta,  and  plaster  of  representative  examples  of 
antique  and  renaissance  sculpture. 

This  museum  originated  in  a  collection  of  20  paintings,  500  photo- 
graphs, and  casts,  presented  by  Mr.  W.  R.  Nelson  to  the  Kansas  City 
Art  Association  for  the  city  in  1896.  In  January,  1902,  entire  control 
was  vested  in  the  board  of  education,  and  the  collections  are  now  main- 
tained by  the  school  tax  in  connection  with  the  entire  library  building. 
The  gallery  is  in  charge  of  Mrs.  Helen  R.  Parsons,  curator,  and  Lucile 
Gibson,  assistant. 


158  DIRECTORY  OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

The  aim  of  this  museum  is  to  set  forth  an  adequate  impression  of 
the  character  and  power  of  the  world's  masterpieces,  the  copies  being 
a  special  selection  for  this  purpose.  The  reproduction  of  the  Sistine 
Madonna  of  Raphael  is  celebrated,  for  example,  as  the  best  copy  ever 
made  of  that  painting. 

The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except 
holidays,  from  9  to  5,  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  5. 

ROLL A: 

MISSOURI  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY. 

The  survey  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of  H.  A.  Buehler,  state 
geologist,  and  comprising  1000  invertebrate  fossils  and  about  5000 
minerals  and  rocks.  The  collections  are  confined  to  the  state  and  are 
maintained  chiefly  as  a  working  collection.  The  survey  also  has  a 
geological  library  of  7000  volumes. 

MISSOURI  SCHOOL  OF  MINES.    Museum. 

The  museum  is  supported  jointly  by  the  state  and  the  University 
of  Missouri,  the  appropriations  varying  according  to  the  needs  of 
each  year.  The  collections  are  in  charge  of  G.  H.  Cox,  professor  of 
mineralogy  and  petrography;  L.  S.  Griswold,  professor  of  geology;  and 
V.  H.  McNutt,  assistant  in  mineralogy  and  petrography.  They  include 
2000  minerals  on  exhibition  and  4000  in  storage;  1000  rocks  on  exhibi- 
tion and  1000  in  storage;  50  relief  maps,  models,  and  specimens  of 
dynamic  geology;  700  specimens  of  economic  geology  on  exhibition 
and  500  in  storage;  1000  invertebrate  fossils  on  exhibition  and  500 
in  storage;  and  200  plant  fossils  in  storage.  The  most  noteworthy  col- 
lections are  the  calcites,  and  the  lead  and  zinc  ores  of  Missouri; 
these  include  the  state  display  at  the  St.  Louis  exposition.  The 
Colonel  Kingston  collection  of  about  800  specimens,  rich  in  pseudo- 
morphs,  has  recently  been  acquired.  The  museum  has  developed 
chiefly  since  1904  and  is  extensively  used  for  teaching  purposes;  it  is 
also  open  on  all  school  days  for  the  inspection  of  the  public. 

SPRINGFIELD: 

DRURY  COLLEGE.    Edward  M.  Shepard  Museum. 

STAFF.  Curators,  Charles  H.  Spurgeon  (biology);  Edward  B. 
Hall  (geology). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Ethnology,  native.  5oo±,  foreign,  25o±.  This 
material  includes  collections  from  the  South  Sea  Islands,  Egypt, 
Mexico,  and  the  Pueblo  Indians.  There  is  also  a  valuable  collection  de- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  159 

posited  by  Mr.  H.  O.  LeBlanc,  including  a  very  full  series  of  specimens 
illustrating  the  life  and  warfare  of  American  Indians. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams  5oo±;  Phanerogams,  2ooo±.  This  col- 
lection is  particularly  rich  in  Syrian  and  Hawaiian  ferns,  British  mosses, 
American  and  foreign  algae,  and  North  American  lichens  and  fungi. 
There  is  also  a  nearly  complete  representation  of  the  flora  of  Greene 
County,  Missouri. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  i5oo±;  Rocks,  5oo±.  About  700  lead  and 
zinc  ores  from  southwest  Missouri;  the  Planner  collection  of  500  copper 
ores  from  the  Lake  Superior  region;  150  iron  ores  from  Iron 
Mountain,  Missouri,  and  200  from  Lake  Superior;  100  asphalt  and 
bituminous  products  from  Oklahoma;  and  300  bricks,  tiles,  marbles, 
clays,  whet  stones,  oils,  etc.,  from  Missouri.  This  department  also 
includes  the  valuable  private  mineralogical  and  geological  collection 
of  the  late  Professor  Sanborn  Tenney  of  Williams  College. 

HISTORY.  A  collection  of  2oo±  specimens  including  old  news- 
papers, money,  household  articles,  and  other  material  of  local  historical 
interest. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  i8oo±;  Vertebrates,  300^; 
Plants,  30o±.  The  plants  are  mainly  from  local  Bennsylvania  coal 
measures. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  iooo±;  Insects,  iooo±;  Other  invertebrates, 
i5o±;  Fishes,  3oo±;  Batrachians,  25±;  Reptiles,  5o±;  Birds,  3OO±; 
Mammals,  75±.  This  department  includes  a  collection  of  reptiles 
and  birds  of  Greene  County;  sponges,  coelenterates,  and  echinoderms 
from  the  West  Indies  and  the  Pacific  coast.  There  are  6  small  groups 
of  animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings.  There  is  also  a  good 
series  of  models  and  dissections  for  teaching  purposes. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum  is  the  private 
collection  of  Dr.  E.  M.  Shepard,  brought  by  him  to  the  college  in  1878, 
and  donated  to  it  in  1904.  Most  of  the  additions  have  also  been  made 
through  his  efforts.  Valuable  collections  were  obtained  from  the 
World's  Fair  at  St.  Louis. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     From  the  general  funds  of  the  college. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  3500  square  feet  of  floor  space 
in  Pearson's  Hall,  erected  in  1901  at  a  cost  of  $55,000. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  the  curators,  acting  with  a  committee  of 
the  faculty  and  responsible  to  the  board  of  trustees. 

SCOPE.  College  teaching,  maintenance  of  local  collections,  and 
instruction  of  the  general  public. 

LIBRARY.     A  reference  library  of  about  1000  volumes,  composed 


l6o  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

mainly  of  United  States  and  state  reports,  and  intended  primarily 
for  the  use  of  the  staff  and  students. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  museum  has  no  publications,  but  the  science 
departments  of  Drury  College  publish  the  Bulletin  of  the  Bradley 
Geological  Field  Station. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  5. 
The  number  of  visitors  is  estimated  at  500-1000  annually. 

ST.  JOSEPH: 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  i  acre,  established  in  1890, 
containing  5  reptiles,  52  birds,  and  48  mammals. 

ST.   LOUIS: 

CITY  ART  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Director,  Halsey  C.  Ives ;  Secretary,  Madeline  Borggraefe ; 
Curator  of  applied  arts,  Francis  E.  A.  Curley;  Docent,  Alice  More; 
Librarian,  Blanche  A.  Archambault;  Gallery  attendant,  Mrs.  Perry 
Bartholow;  Artist  assistant,  i  sculptor  attendant,  i  stenographer, 
3  gallery  men,  i  photographer,  2  engineers,  i  fireman,  3  janitors,  i 
night  watchman,  and  i  office  boy. 

COLLECTIONS.  Acquired  by  purchase:  12  oil  paintings;  i  piece  of 
sculpture  in  bronze;  71  pieces  of  silver  of  the  i5th  and  i6th  centuries; 
a  collection  of  Persian  tiles  of  the  i6th  and  iyth  centuries;  18  pieces 
of  textiles;  and  2  Persian  manuscript  bindings.  By  presentation:  4 
oil  paintings;  i  box  of  amber  and  mummy  beads;  4  modern  casts;  5 
cases  of  Japanese  objects;  i  brass  and  lacquered  stand;  i  large  Chinese 
bowl;  3  carved-wood  frames ;  and  2  carved- wyood  baskets.  The  fol- 
lowing collections  are  the  property  of  the  department  of  art  at  Wash- 
ington University  and  are  loaned  by  it  to  the  City  Art  Museum: 
The  Davis  collection  of  132  pieces  of  antique  bronze;  the  Bixby  col- 
lection of  182  French  and  Austrian  bronze  medals;  6  pieces  of  American 
bronze;  113  engravings;  151  Unger  etchings;  100  etchings;  30  modern 
casts;  1 6  sculptural  and  other  exhibits;  15  pieces  of  French  and  German 
wood  carving  of  the  i6th  century;  13  cases  of  North  American  Indian 
objects;  90  pieces  of  Fictile  ivory;  194  reproductions  of  antique  and 
medieval  sculpture;  10  pieces  of  statuary  and  marble;  40  cases  of 
ceramics;  36  pieces  of  arms  and  armor;  5  cases  of  metal  work;  17  pieces 
of  Moorish  and  oriental  objects;  5  cases  of  Chinese  and  Japanese  ob- 
jects; 7  cases  of  textiles;  171  Arundel  prints;  848  plaster  reproductions 
of  antique  medallions;  149  oil  paintings;  and  5  water  color  pictures. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL   SCIENCES  l6l 

The  following  collections  are  loaned  to  Washington  University  and 
deposited  by  it  in  the  City  Art  Museum:  4  pieces  of  textiles;  2  bronze 
busts;  21  architectural  drawings;  5  pieces  of  statuary  and  marble;  125 
modern  casts;  4  pieces  of  bronze;  2  suits  of  armor;  189  original  drawings; 
5  cases  of  ceramics;  i  case  of  Indian  objects;  80  oil  paintings;  and  15 
water  colors. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  City  Art  Museum  originated  in  1909 
as  a  reorganization  of  the  St.  Louis  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  which  was 
in  turn  organized  in  1879.  The  collections  purchased  by  the  museum 
represent  an  expenditure  of  $33,416.  The  larger  part  of  the  material 
now  in  the  museum  is  deposited  by  the  art  department  of  Washington 
University  as  enumerated  above. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  City  Art  Museum  is  a  city  institu- 
tion and  receives  by  law  the  returns  from  a  special  tax  of  one-half 
mill  on  the  dollar.  The  city  had  a  population  in  1909  of  761,802  and 
an  assessed  value  for  1910  of  over  $500,000,000.  This  special  tax 
amounts  to  about  $120,000  a  year  and  as  the  maintenance  of  the 
museum  at  present  costs  but  about  $75,000  a  year  the  museum  has 
acceded  to  a  request  of  the  city  officials  that  the  tax  be  passed  for  the 
year  1910. 

BUILDING.  The  building  occupied  by  the  museum  was  erected 
in  1903-4  by  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  Company  as  the 
"Art  Palace"  of  the  World's  Fair,  at  a  cost  of  $943,000.  It  is  now 
owned  by  the  city  and  occupied  by  the  museum  as  a  tenant-at-will. 
It  affords  560,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  all  on  one  floor.  It  con- 
tains a  total  of  34  galleries  varying  in  size  from  15x17  to  50x90  feet, 
and  in  the  center  a  sculptural  court  60  x  150  feet  surrounded  by  alcoves 
18x36  feet. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  con- 
trol appointed  by  the  mayor  of  the  city. 

SCOPE.  In  addition  to  the  maintenance  of  its  permanent  collec- 
tions the  museum  has  held  25  special  exhibitions  of  paintings  and 
sculpture  during  the  year  1909,  the  total  number  of  exhibits  being 
1773.  Special  attention  is  devoted  to  the  acquisition  of  a  collection 
illustrating  the  development  of  American  art. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  10  to  5.  The 
attendance  for  the  year  1908-9  was  80,389;  for  the  year  1909-10, 
113,030.  The  largest  attendance  in  one  day  was  14,911,  Sunday, 
October  3,  1909,  between  the  hours  of  i  and  5. 


l62  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

EDUCATIONAL  MUSEUM  OF  THE  ST.  LOUIS  PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 

STAFF.  Director,  C.  G.  Rathmann;  Curator,  Amelia  Meissner; 
Assistant  curator  and  librarian,  Elyse  Crecelius;  Assistant,  Chas.  E. 
Magoon;  3  drivers  and  packers. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  collections  are  principally  in  the  form  of 
circulating  exhibits  which  are  sent  to  all  the  schools  of  the  city  by 
the  museum  wagons.  They  include  the  following:  Food  products, 
comprising  the  cereals  and  other  food  plants,  and  their  products; 
coffee,  tea,  sugar,  cacao,  cocoanut,  the  various  spices,  etc.  Material 
for  clothing,  including  the  various  animal  and  vegetable  fibers  of  the 
world  and  the  fabrics  made  from  them.  Other  natural  products,  as 
rubber,  gutta-percha,  camphor,  cork,  coal,  etc.,  in  all  their  various 
stages  of  development.  Materials  for  dyeing  and  tanning,  medicinal 
plants,  woods,  etc.  Industrial  products,  showing  the  various  processes 
in  the  manufacture  of  glass,  paper,  leather,  ink,  pens,  pencils,  needles, 
etc.,  besides  such  products  as  are  made  from  the  materials  mentioned 
in  the  former  groups.  Articles  and  models  illustrating  the  life  and  occu- 
pation of  the  different  peoples  of  the  world,  including  implements, 
wearing  apparel,  models  of  houses,  industrial  products,  etc.  Plants, 
and  models  and  charts  of  plants.  The  animal  world,  represented  by 
mounted,  dried,  and  alcoholic  specimens.  Minerals,  rocks,  and  ores. 
Apparatus  for  the  illustration  of  physics  and  physical  geography. 
Charts  for  the  illustration  of  astronomy,  physiology,  anatomy,  etc. 
Charts,  maps,  colored  pictures,  and  objects  illustrating  history.  Col- 
lections of  art  objects  and  models  for  use  by  classes  in  drawing.  Photo- 
graphs, stereoscopic  pictures,  and  lantern  slides  to  accompany  the 
objects  in  the  preceding  groups. 

An  exhibit  of  the  collections  in  circulation  is  placed  in  glass 
cases  in  the  large  museum  hall  of  the  Wyman  school,  as  a  study  ex- 
hibit to  enable  the  teachers  to  become  thoroughly  acquainted  with  all 
that  the  museum  contains  and  to  give  them  an  opportunity  to  acquire, 
with  the  help  of  the  museum  library,  such  information  as  they  need  in 
order  to  use  the  material  intelligently  and  profitably. 

Educational  exhibits,  representing  the  schools  of  some  of  the  lead- 
ing countries  of  the  world  by  showing  the  written  work,  drawing,  man- 
ual training,  etc.,  from  the  kindergarten  to  the  high  and  normal 
schools ;  text  books,  courses  of  study,  reports  and  statistics,  and  school 
appliances;  photographs,  plans,  and  models  of  school  buildings,  etc. 

Specimens  of  the  work  of  the  pupils  of  the  St.  Louis  schools  in 
the  various  branches  of  study  are  exhibited,  and  are  replaced  by  new 
work  from  time  to  time  for  the  information  of  visitors. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  163 

A  teachers'  library  of  about  7000  volumes  is  maintained  by  the 
museum  and  includes  the  best  publications  on  philosophy,  psychology, 
education,  school  management,  science,  and  literature;  text  books  used 
in  our  own  and  othe-r  countries;  reference  books  giving  information  on 
all  the  material  in  the  museum;  and  the  best  educational  journals. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  by  the  board 
of  education  in  1905  as  an  outcome  of  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposi- 
tion held  in  St.  Louis  in  1904.  Large  amounts  of  valuable  illustrative 
material  and  of  educational  exhibits  were  secured  through  donation 
or  purchase  from  exhibitors  representing  all  parts  of  the  world,  and 
these  formed  the  nucleus  of  the  museum.  To  fill  in  gaps  in  these  col- 
lections, much  valuable  material  was  donated  by  the  Field  Museum 
of  Natural  History,  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  the  Philadelphia 
Commercial  Museums,  and  the  Public  Museum  of  Milwaukee.  The 
board  of  education  made  a  liberal  annual  appropriation  for  pur- 
chase of  new  material  and  for  the  general  maintenance  of  the  institu- 
tion. The  growth  of  the  museum  during  its  brief  existence  has  been 
remarkable;  in  the  first  year  5000  collections  were  sent  to  the  schools, 
in  the  second  11,500,  in  the  third  22,500,  and  in  the  fourth  25,000. 
During  the  year  1908-9,  the  schools  ordered  3368  books  from  the 
teachers'  library. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  appropriation  of  $7800  from  the  board 
of  education,  for  the  year  1909-10. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  is  at  present  housed  in  several  rooms 
of  Teachers  College  and  the  Wyman  school. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  who  is  also  assistant  super- 
intendent of  schools,  responsible  to  the  board  of  education. 

SCOPE.  The  purpose  of  the  museum  is  public  school  work.  The 
material  is  arranged  in  accordance  with  the  course  of  study,  and  is 
made  accessible  in  the  following  manner:  The  schools  of  the  city  are 
divided  into  five  sections.  Each  section  has  a  delivery  day  once  a 
week.  The  principal  of  a  school  which  has  its  delivery  day  on  Monday 
confers  with  his  teachers  on  the  preceding  Friday  and  ascertains  what 
material  they  desire  from  the  museum  to  illustrate  their  work  during 
the  following  week.  On  a  blank  issued  by  the  museum  the  principal 
then  inserts  the  catalog  numbers  of  the  collections  his  teachers  desire 
and  sends  this  blank  to  the  custodian  of  the  museum.  On  Monday 
morning  the  museum  wagon  delivers  all  the  material  ordered  by  that 
school  and  takes  back  what  was  used  during  the  preceding  week. 
Books  from  the  teachers'  library  are  delivered  in  the  same  manner. 

PUBLICATIONS.     The  museum  has  published  catalogs  of  the  cir- 


1 64  DIRECTORY  OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

culating  collections,  lantern  slides,  and  teachers'  library,  with  supple- 
ments to  some  of  these. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  and  library  are  open  free  to  teachers 
and  pupils  and  to  the  general  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5.  The 
number  of  visitors  for  1907-8  was  2770. 

MISSOURI  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.     (1600  Locust  Street.) 

In  addition  to  a  historical  library  of  about  12,000  volumes,  this 
society  maintains  a  museum  comprising  about  30,000  implements  and 
utensils  of  American  Indians — said  to  be  one  of  the  best  collections  of 
its  kind  in  the  United  States;  and  a  large  collection  of  manuscripts 
and  private  and  official  documents.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of 
Idress  Head,  librarian,  and  occupies  about  50,000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  in  a  three-story  residence  which  is  entirely  inadequate  for  the 
proper  display  of  the  collections.  It  is  expected  that  a  new  building 
will  soon  be  available  and  an  increased  endowment.  The  society  is 
at  present  supported  by  membership  dues,  private  contributions,  and 
the  income  from  a  small  endowment.  Both  library  and  museum  are 
open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5. 

WASHINGTON  UNIVERSITY. 

In  connection  with  the  science  departments  of  the  university 
there  are  teaching  collections  which  comprise  about  6000  minerals, 
3000  specimens  of  historical  rocks  and  ores,  3000  classified  fossils  and 
many  unclassified,  and  about  25,000  zoological  specimens  of  all  classes. 

The  collections  of  the  St.  Louis  School  and  Museum  of  Fine  Arts, 
a  department  of  the  university,  are  loaned  to  the  City  Art  Museum, 
subject  to  withdrawal  at  any  time  and  labeled  as  property  of  Washing- 
ton University. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park,  established  in  1903,  contain- 
ing 145  birds  and  205  mammals. 


MONTANA 

BOZEMAN: 

MONTANA  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

The  department  of  biology  has  a  herbarium  containing  3000 
cryptogams  and  8ooo±  phanerogams,  including  4oo±  types  and 
figured  specimens;  in  zoology  there  are  3ooo±  insects,  including  50^ 
types  and  figured  specimens,  also  500  other  invertebrates,  100  fishes, 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  1 6$ 

15  batrachians,  50  reptiles,  300  birds,  and  20  mammals.  This  collection 
is  in  charge  of  R.  A.  Cooley,  head  of  the  department,  D.  B.  Swingle, 
professor  of  botany,  and  M.  H.  Spaulding,  professor  of  zoology. 

HELENA: 

MONTANA  STATE  LIBRARY.    Museum. 

The  library  maintains  a  picture  collection  comprising  2  50  portraits, 
35  group  pictures,  So  miscellaneous  pictures,  and  400- photographs. 
There  is  also  a  rare  collection  of  smoky  quartz  crystals,  a  series  of  woods 
and  a  complete  collection  of  the  flora  of  Montana,  excellent  mounted 
specimens  of  native  birds  and  mammals,  and  a  large  accumulation 
of  objects  of  historical  interest.  These  collections  are  exhibited  in  the 
corridors  of  the  state  capitol  building,  and  are  in  charge  of  W.  Y. 
Pemberton,  librarian  of  the  State  Library. 

NEBRASKA 

CRETE: 

DOANE  COLLEGE. 

Small  teaching  collections  in  biology  and  geology,  including  100 
local  and  50  Indian  birds;  40  small  mammals;  representative  fossils 
and  minerals;  a  shell  collection;  and  a  herbarium  of  flowering  plants. 
For  lack  of  space  the  collections  are  distributed  in  three  separate 
buildings,  and  only  a  part  are  accessible.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of 
Carl  O.  Carlson,  professor  of  biology,  and  will  be  installed  in  a  new 
building  in  about  a  year. 

LINCOLN: 

NEBRASKA  STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Secretary  of  the  society,  C.  S.  Paine;  Archeologist  in 
charge  of  the  museum,  E.  E.  Blackman. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples :  Archeology,  native,  20,000, 
foreign,  small  collection;  Ethnology,  native,  5000,  foreign,  small  collec- 
tion. Civilized  peoples,  modern,  3000.  There  are  also  phono- 
graphic records  of  Indian  music. 

ART.  A  very  small  collection  comprising  a  few  paintings  and 
p6rtraits  and  2000  photographs. 

HISTORY.  About  1000  objects,  not  increasing  because  of  lack  of 
space. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  began  activity  in  1901,  chief 
attention  being  given  to  stone  age  implements  of  Nebraska  and  to 
Indian  bead  work. 


!66  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  society  is  supported  by  biennial 
appropriations  of  about  $15,000  from  the  state  legislature  and  an 
income  from  memberships  amounting  to  about  $1100.  The  society 
expends  about  $1200  a  year  for  maintenance  of  the  museum. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  625  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition  in  the  library  building  of  the  state  university.  A  new 
building  for  the  society  is  under  construction. 

ADMINISTRATION.  The  archeologist  has  immediate  charge  of  the 
museum  under  the  direction  of  the  secretary  of  the  society,  who  in 
turn  is  responsible  to  the  executive  board. 

SCOPE.  The  maintenance  of  local  collections  by  exploration  and 
research  of  the  staff  is  the  principal  object  of  the  museum. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Museum  reports  are  included  in  the  publications 
of  the  society,  of  which  13  volumes  have  been  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to 
5.  The  number  of  visitors  is  about  8000  a  year. 

NEBRASKA  STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Erwin  H.  B arbour;  Assistant  curator,  Carrie 
A.  Barbour.  Carpenters,  janitors,  engineers,  electricians,  etc.,  are  sup- 
plied by  the  University  of  Nebraska. 

COLLECTIONS.  Large  forestry,  fiber,  and  grain  collections;  a 
good  working  collection  of  minerals  and  rocks;  large  collections  of 
invertebrate  carboniferous  fossils,  miocene  vertebrates  from  the  Bad 
Lands,  and  plants  from  the  Dakota  group;  zoological  collections  chiefly 
from  Nebraska  but  with  some  material  from  Bermuda  and  the  Baha- 
mas. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  has  been  developed  by  the 
present  curator  from  a  very  small  beginning  in  1891.  Annual  collect- 
ing expeditions  have  been  made  possible  through  the  generosity  of 
Hon.  Charles  H.  Morrill.  The  collections  were  at  first  housed  in  two 
rooms  in  Science  Hall  but  increased  to  such  an  extent  that  the  floors 
weakened  and  the  material  was  put  in  storage.  The  one  completed 
wing  of  a  new  fireproof  building  is  now  overcrowded  and  material  to 
fill  the  next  wing  is  in  storage.  When  completed  the  museum  will 
cover  two  or  three  acres  on  the  campus  of  the  University  of  Nebraska. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Maintained  by  the  regents  of  the  state 
university  and  by  private  subscriptions. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  at  present  occupies  11,000  square  feet 
of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  3500  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  in 
a  building  erected  in  1907-8  by  the  state  at  a  cost  of  $55,000. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  167 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  board  of 
regents  of  the  University  of  Nebraska. 

SCOPE.  The  maintenance  of  local  collections  and  the  instruction 
of  the  general  public  are  the  purposes  of  the  museum. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  7.30 
to  5.30.  The  attendance  during  the  first  year  was  50,000. 

In  addition  to  this  museum  there  are  teaching  collections  in  the 
departments  of  art  and  botany. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park,  established  in  1905,  contain- 
ing 3  birds  and  16  mammals. 

OMAHA: 

GREIGHTON  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  has  a  teaching  collection  of  about  700  minerals; 
a  small  collection  of  Indian  war  bonnets,  implements,  and  arms;  and 
an  astronomical  observatory  equipped  for  student  work.  These  col- 
lections are  in  charge  of  William  F.  Rigge. 

OMAHA  PUBLIC  LIBRARY  AND  MUSEUM. 

The  museum  contains  the  Byron  Reed  collection  of  American  and 
foreign  coins,  said  to  rank  third  in  value  and  size  in  the  United  States 
when  it  was  received  in  1893.  This  collection  occupies  a  room  affording 
about  1800  square  feet  of  floor  space.  There  is  also  a  general  museum 
containing  loan  collections  of  Indian  and  Egyptian  material;  a  collec- 
tion of  birds,  shells,  baskets,  articles  from  the  Philippines,  etc. ;  and  a 
collection  of  pictures  purchased  from  the  Trans-Mississippi  Exposition. 
The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  and  the  average 
attendance  is  100  a  day. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  35  acres,  established  in 
1897,  containing  7  birds  arid  77  mammals. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE 
CONCORD: 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  small  historical  collection  in  charge  of 
the  librarian. 


1 68  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

DURHAM: 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE    COLLEGE  OF  AGRICULTURE  AND  THE 
MECHANIC  ARTS. 

The  department  of  zoology  and  entomology  maintains  a  represent- 
ative display  of  the  birds  of  New  Hampshire,  together  with  collections 
of  invertebrate  animals,  skeletons,  models,  and  geological  specimens  in 
Thompson  Hall.  The  nucleus  of  this  museum  is  the  collection  of  the 
state  geological  survey.  The  collection  of  insects  is  maintained  by 
the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  and  comprises  about  20,000 
specimens. 

The  department  of  botany  maintains  a  herbarium  in  Nesmith 
Hall. 

HANOVER: 

DARTMOUTH  COLLEGE.    Butterfield  Museum. 

The  museum  occupies  about  4300  square  feet  of  floor  space  for 
exhibition  in  a  building  which  is  the  gift  of  the  late  Dr.  Ralph  Butter- 
field,  and  which  also  contains  the  science  departments  of  the  college. 
The  collections  are  in  charge  of  the  members  of  the  respective  depart- 
ments: C.  H.  Hitchcock  (geology),  William  Patten  (zoology),  and  G. 
R.  Lyman  (botany) . 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  500  aboriginal  implements;  90  skulls  and  pieces 
of  pottery  of  the  mound  builders;  400  specimens  from  Zululand, 
Alaska,  and  the  South  Sea  Islands;  many  photographs  of  American 
Indians,  and  a  full-size  figure  of  Chief  Joseph  from  the  Smithsonian 
Institution;  a  few  Roman  antiquities;  a  collection  of  Burmese  and  Jap-' 
anese  antiquities;  and  8  or  9  unusually  fine  sculptures  from  Nineveh, 
obtained  by  Dr.  Wright  about  1860. 

BOTANY.  A  general  herbarium  of  5000  species  gathered  by  Prof. 
C.  H.  Hitchcock  and  rich  in  ferns  and  marine  algae;  1000  speci- 
mens of  wood  sections,  seeds,  etc.;  many  mosses  and  hepaticae;  the 
Trelease  herbarium  of  several  thousand  phanerogams  and  ferns;  and 
the  H.  G.  Jesup  herbarium. 

GEOLOGY.  The  Frederick  Hall  collection  of  2000  minerals;  11,700 
rocks,  including  350  volcanic  rocks  from  Vesuvius  and  the  Hawaiian 
volcanoes;  200  massive  igneous  rocks;  a  special  collection  of  250  rocks 
from  the  New  Hampshire  geological  survey;  a  general  collection  of 
3500  New  Hampshire  and  Vermont  rocks;  1000  rocks  from  the  White 
Mountains;  noo  from  the  Ammomoosuc  district;  500  from  the  vicinity 
of  Hanover;  200  from  the  vicinities  of  Vernon,  New  Hampshire,  and 
Bernardston,  Massachusetts:  a  set  of  3000  rocks,  illustrating  the  geology 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  169 

of  1 6  sections  crossing  New  Hampshire  and  Vermont;  and  1500  speci- 
mens illustrating  the  distribution  of  drift  material  in  New  England. 
The,re  is  also  an  economic  collection  of  2500  specimens,  illustrating  the 
occurrence  of  gold  and  silver  in  Montana,  marbles,  slates,  and  granites 
of  New  Hampshire  and  Vermont,  and  a  series  of  petroleum  specimens 
from  100  localities. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  An  extensive  collection  of  fossil  footprints  (Jur- 
assic) made  by  Professor  Hitchcock;  devonian  and  silurian  fishes, 
collected  by  Professor  Patten;  one  of  the  James  Hall  collections  of 
New  York  fossils;  and  several  Ward  casts  of  large  vertebrate  fossils. , 

HOPKINTON: 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  collection  of  Indian  relics,  idols,  old 
china  and  pewter,  coins,  geological  specimens,  manuscripts,  old  furn- 
iture, antique  costumes,  portraits,  old-fashioned  tools  and  utensils, 
etc.  The  society  occupies  a  building  erected  in  1890  by  Mrs.  Lucia 
Long.  The  museum  is  installed  in  a  large  hall  on  the  second  floor  and 
is  in  charge  of  Sarah  U.  Kimball,  curator.  The  rooms  are  open  free 
to  the  public  two  afternoons  a  week  in  summer,  but  are  seldom  open 
in  winter  for  lack  of  heat  and  light. 

KEENE: 

KEENE  HIGH  SCHOOL. 

The  principal  reports  that  the  school  has  teaching  collections  com- 
prising a  herbarium  of  500  specimens  of  flowering  plants  and  ferns  of 
New  Hampshire,  2000  minerals,  150  fossils,  and  3000  zoological  speci- 
mens, including  mounted  mammals  and  birds,  skulls  and  skeletons, 
shells  and  insects,  and  a  small  series  of  corals  and  reptiles. 

MANCHESTER: 

MANCHESTER  HISTORIC  ASSOCIATION.     (452  Merrimack  St.) 

This  association  has  a  small  historical  collection  in  connection  with 
its  library. 

MANCHESTER  INSTITUTE  OF  ARTS  AND  SCIENCES. 

In  addition  to  class  work  in  fine  arts,  handicraft,  etc.,  the  institute 
has  a  herbarium  of  3000  sheets  of  local  phanerogams,  in  charge  of 
Frederick  W.  Batchelder,  and  a  fairly  extensive  collection  of  insects, 
in  charge  of  E.  J.  Burnham.  In  1902  the  institute  lost  by  fire  a 
more  extensive  museum  of  mineralogy,  zoology,  and  botany.  The 
collections  are  in  charge  of  William  H.  Huse,  curator. 


I  yO  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

NEW  JERSEY 

FLEMINGTON: 

HUNTERDON  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  historical  collection  now  in  storage,  await- 
ing the  erection  of  a  new  library  building. 

HACKENSACK: 

BERGEN  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  museum  of  local  historical  material, 
including  household  and  similar  utensils;  letters,  diaries,  manuscripts, 
deeds,  and  other  legal  documents;  revolutionary  war  relics;  costumes; 
and  a  collection  of  Indian  arrowheads  and  implements.  There  is 
also  a  valuable  musical  collection,  including  a  very  old  harpsichord. 
The  museum  is  receiving  frequent  additions. 

NEWARK: 

NEW  JERSEY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.    (16  West  Park  Street.) 

The  society  maintains  a  small  museum  comprising  for  the  most 
part  objects  of  local  historical  interest. 

THE  NEWARK  MUSEUM  ASSOCIATION.    The  Newark  Museum. 

The  property  of  the  museum  at  present  occupies  rooms  in  the 
public  library,  and  consists  of  a  collection  of  Japanese  art  objects, 
numbering  about  2000  specimens;  lacquers;  prints;  porcelains,  both 
Chinese  and  Japanese;  paintings;  textiles;  armor;  ivories;  and  metal 
work,  bought  by  the  city  and  held  in  trust  by  the  Museum  Association 
for  the  people  of  the  city  of  Newark. 

The  Newark  Museum  Association  is  a  corporation  formed  in 
April,  1909,  to  establish  a  museum  for  the  reception  and  exhibition 
of  articles  of  art,  science,  history,  and  technology,  and  for  the  encour- 
agement of  the  study  of  the  arts  and  sciences. 

The  museum  was  opened  to  the  public  on  February  24,  1910.  At 
that  time  the  Japanese  collection  and  a  loan  collection  of  American 
paintings  and  sculpture  were  shown  by  the  museum. 

The  control  is  vested  in  a  board  of  trustees.  There  is  at  present 
no  fixed  appropriation  for  maintenance.  The  income  is  from  a  system 
of  membership. 

The  museum  publishes  a  bulletin,  "The  Newark  Museum,"  vol. 
i  beginning  February,  1910. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  171 

NEW  BRUNSWICK: 

RUTGERS  COLLEGE.     Museums. 

STAFF.  Curators,  J.  A.  Volney  Lewis  (geology),  J.  C.  Van  Dyke 
(art) ;  Assistant  Curator,  W.  S.  Valiant  (geology). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  The  Frazee  collection  of  about  1500  paleolithic 
and  neolithic  implements  and  ornaments. 

ART  AND  BOTANY.     No  information  received. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  14,000,  in  storage,  4000; 
Rocks,  2500.  This  department  includes  the  Lewis  C.  Beck  collec- 
tion of  3000  minerals,  which  has  remained  intact  from  the  period  of 
its  collection,  1820-1847,  and  the  Albert  H.  Chester  collection  of  5000 
minerals.  New  Jersey  material  forms  a  large  part  of  these  collections. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  575o±;  Vertebrates,  250;  Plants, 
250.  There  are  in  storage,  iooo±  invertebrate  and  vertebrate  fos- 
sils, and  150  type  and  figured  specimens.  Exhibits  of  special  interest 
include  the  Mannington  mastodon,  said  to  be  the  largest  specimen 
known;  and  a  slab  of  triassic  sandstone,  8x  18  feet,  from  Morris 
County,  New  Jersey,  showing  the  footprints  of  15  species  of  din- 
osaurs. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  i7,ooo±.  There  are  also  a  Japanese  spider 
crab,  Marocheirus  camperi,  said  to  be  the  largest  known;  a  mounted 
skeleton  of  a  right  whale;  and  a  general  teaching  collection. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum  is  the  collec- 
tion of  the  students'  natural  history  society  of  Rutgers  College, 
founded  in  1857  by  the  late  Dr.  George  H.  Cooke.  The  museum 
was  the  headquarters  of  the  state  geological  survey  from  1864  to 
1889,  while  Dr.  Cooke  was  state  geologist,  and  thus  acquired  full 
collections  of  the  rocks,  minerals,  and  fossils  of  the  state. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     From  the  general  funds  of  the  college. 

BUILDING.  The  geological  museum  occupies  a  building  erected  by 
the  college  in  1871  at  a  cost  of  $63,000,  and  providing  4704  square  feet 
of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  768  for  offices,  etc.  The  art  and 
botanical  collections,  and  the  zoological  teaching  collections  are 
housed  in  the  rooms  devoted  to  those  departments. 

SCOPE.  College  teaching,  exploration,  research,  maintenance  of 
local  collections,  and  instruction  of  the  general  public. 

LIBRARY.  The  geological  museum  has  a  reference  collection  of 
about  1000  volumes  intended  for  the  use  of  the  staff  and  students. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sundays. 
The  attendance  is  estimated  at  2000  a  year  exclusive  of  students. 


172  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

PRINCETON: 

PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY.     Museum. 

STAFF.  Executive  committee,  William  Libbey  (chairman)) 
Gilbert  Van  Ingen  (secretary),  C.  E.  W.  McClure,  W.  M.  Rankin, 
A.  H.  Phillips.  Department  of  geology:  Curators, -William  Libbey 
(director  of  E.  M.  Museum  of  Geology  and  Archaeology),  Marcus  S. 
Farr  (vertebrate  paleontology),  Gilbert  Van  Ingen  (invertebrate 
paleontology),  W.  J.  Sinclair  (geology),  A.  H.  Phillips  (mineralogy). 
Department  of  biology:  Curators,  W.  M.  Rankin  (botany),  C.  E. 
Silvester  (zoology),  W.  E.  D.  Scott  (ornithology).  3  janitors. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  America  is  represented  by  the  pottery  and 
human  remains  of  the  mound  builders;  by  several  hundred  specimens 
of  Mexican  and  Peruvian  pottery;  and  by  a  number  of  recent  Indian 
relics.  The  ethnological  collections,  chiefly  from  Alaska  and  New 
Mexico,  presented  by  Dr.  Sheldon  Jackson  to  the  Theological  Semi- 
nary of  Princeton,  have  been  transferred  to  this  museum  by  the 
trustees  of  that  institution,  with  the  consent  of  the  donor.  There  is 
also  a  series  of  models  of  the  cliff  dwellings  and  pueblos  of  the  South- 
west. Extensive  series  of  anthropological  material,  comprising  house- 
hold utensils,  hunting  implements,  etc.,  illustrating  very  fully  the 
domestic  life  of  the  Esquimau  of  the  West  Greenland  coast.  A  collec- 
tion of  relics  from  the  Swiss  lake  dwellings  representing  fully  the  vari- 
ous localities  in  Switzerland,  particularly  Neuchatel,  and  containing 
a  large  number  of  type  specimens  from  the  collection  of  Dr.  Gross, 
who  for  a  long  time  was  associated  with  the  work  of  recovering  these 
relics  from  the  dwelling  sites  in  the  Swiss  lakes.  Localities  in  Norway 
and  Denmark  representing  the  culture  of  this  same  epoch  are  also 
represented. 

An  extensive  collection,  gathered  by  the  Rev.  Robert  Hamill 
Nassau,  of  the  class  of  1854,  at  Batanga,  West  Africa,  illustrates  in 
full  the  dress,  implements  of  warfare,  household  utensils  and  articles  of 
adornment  of  the  natives  of  the  German  Possessions  in  the  Cameroon. 

BOTANY.  These  collections  include,  beside  certain  illustrative 
specimens,  models,  and  charts,  a  herbarium  of  mounted  plants,  com- 
prising 4000  sheets  of  New  Jersey  flora;  some  40,000  sheets  of  plants 
from  the  United  States,  South  America,  Europe,  and  Asia;  and  10,000 
sheets  of  mosses,  recently  acquired  from  Dr.  Per  Dusen  of  Sweden. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  2ooo±,  in  storage,  5ooo± ; 
teaching  collections  in  petrology  and  economic  and  structural  geology, 
about  10,000  stratigraphic  geology,  about  10,000;  relief  maps,  models, 
etc.,  looo.  The  collections  contain  a  unique  series  of  about  10,000 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  173 

specimens  of  erratic  boulders  gathered  by  the  late  Dr.  Arnold  Guyot 
during  his  studies  of  the  glaciers  of  Switzerland.  Typical  rocks  and 
fossils  represent  the  stratigraphic  series  described  by  the  geological 
surveys  of  New  Jersey  and  New  York.  A  collection  of  minerals, 
chiefly  crystals,  bequeathed  to  the  university  by  the  late  Archibald 
MacMartin  of  New  York,  is  noteworthy  because  of  the  perfection  of 
the  specimens  and  the  number  of  localities  represented  in  each  species. 
The  collections  in  economic  and  structural  geology  a*nd  petrology 
stand  in  tray  racks  in  the  laboratories,  are  designed  chiefly  for  use 
in  laboratory  instruction,  and  to  that  end  are  arranged  in  accordance 
with  the  systems  adopted  in  the  text-books  used.  The  series  illustrat- 
ing the  courses  in  structural  geology  and  economic  geology  from  the 
theoretical  point  of  view  are  especially  interesting. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  yoooi,  in  storage, 
ioo,ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  400;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, iooo±,  in  storage,  3Ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  5oo±; 
Plants,  on  exhibition,  iooo±,  in  storage,  5ooo±,  types  and  figured 
specimens,  ioo±.  The  collections  include  skeletons  of  a  mastodon, 
an  Irish  deer,  a  cave  bear,  and  some  of  the  extinct  birds  of  New  Zeal- 
and, as  well  as  the  skulls  of  Uintatherium  and  a  remarkably  complete 
and  unique  skeleton  of  Cervalces  from  northern  New  Jersey.  A  synop- 
tic collection  of  vertebrate  and  invertebrate  fossils  from  North  America 
and  Europe  illustrates  the  principal  organic  forms  of  the  geological 
epochs.  Included  in  this  series  are  the  tertiary  fossils,  many  of  which 
are  type  specimens,  gathered  in  the  West  by  the  various  Princeton 
expeditions.  An  extensive  series  of  fossil  insects  and  plants  from  the 
oligocene  shales  of  Florissant,  Colorado,  includes  many  of  the  types 
described  by  Lesquereux. 

Among  recent  acquisitions  there  are  extensive  series  of  miocene 
fossils  from  Yorktown,  Virginia;  collections  illustrating  the  strati- 
graphic  paleontology  of  the  Appalachian  region;  and  the  collections  of 
vertebrate  and  invertebrate  fossils  secured  by  Hatcher  and  Peterson 
from  miocene  strata  of  Patagonia,  now  being  studied  and  described  by 
several  authors  in  the  reports  of  the  Princeton  University  expeditions 
to  Patagonia,  edited  by  Professor  William  B.  Scott  and  published  by 
the  university.  The  paleobotanical  material  is  enriched  by  the  Mans- 
field collection  of  carboniferous  plants  from  Pennsylvania. 

ZOOLOGY.  These  collections  are  especially  rich  in  osteological  and 
ornithological  material.  The  former  includes  a  large  number  of 
mounted  and  disarticulated  skeletons  of  fishes,  reptiles,  birds,  and  mam- 
mals. The  collections  of  mounted  and  unmounted  bird  skins  include 


174  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

some  16,000  individuals,  representing  very  completely  the  avifauna 
of  New  Jersey,  and  in  part  that  of  North  America,  Europe,  Indo- 
Asia,  Australia,  and  South  America.  There  are  also  about  4000  sets  of 
eggs,  most  of  them  in  nests.  The  morphological  collections  contain 
about  2600  preparations,  illustrating  the  comparative  anatomy  of 
vertebrates.  These  are  being  increased  at  the  rate  of  about  300  prep- 
arations a  year.  The  histological  collections  contain  some  30,000 
mounted  microscopical  specimens  illustrating  the  various  forms  of 
tissues  of  many  different  animals;  some  5000  specimens  are  stored  in 
paraffin  blocks. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  contains  the  collections  form- 
erly included  in  the  E.  M.  Museum  of  Geology  and  Archaeology,  the 
storerooms  of  the  department  of  geology,  the  museum  of  biology,  the 
class  of  1877  morphological  museum,  and  the  mineralogical  museum  of 
the  John  C.  Green  School  of  Science.  The  task  of  consolidating  and 
arranging  these  collections  is  aot  yet  completed. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  endowment  and  by  appropriations  from 
the  university. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  the  ground  floor  of  Guyot 
Hall,  the  new  natural  science  building,  erected  in  1909,  at  a  cost  of 
about  $425,000.  About  19,650  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  available 
for  exhibition,  and  about  5921  will  be  used  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  an  executive  com- 
mittee of  faculty  members  of  the  departments  of  natural  science,  the 
details  of  administration  being  not  yet  determined. 

SCOPE.  It  is  the  object  of  the  staff  to  build  up  exhibits  illustrat- 
ing the  subjects  taught  in  the  departments  of  natural  science  and  the 
lines  of  investigation  carried  on  by  the  members  of  the  instructing  staff 
and  the  graduate  students. 

LIBRARY.  The  library,  located  on  the  second  floor  of  Guyot  Hall, 
has  a  reading  room  space  of  625  square  feet  and  lateral  stacks  holding 
the  working  libraries  of  the  biological  and  geological  sciences,  with 
capacity  for  about  10,000  volumes. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  E.  M.  Museum  of  Geology  and  Archaeology 
has  published  a  series  of  Bulletins,  begun  in  1878,  and  a  series  of  Con- 
tributions. Biological  investigations  are  published  in  the  Contribu- 
tions from  the  Biological  Laboratory  of  Princeton  University. 

PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY.    Museum  of  Historic  Art. 

The  collections  include  casts  of  ancient,  medieval,  and  renaissance 
sculpture,  presented  by  the  class  of  1881;  the  Turnbull-Prime  collec- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  175 

tion  illustrating  the  history  of  pottery  and  porcelain,  especially  rich 
in  examples  of  European  wares ;  the  Livingston  collection  of  pottery, 
noteworthy  for  the  illustrative  material  it  furnishes  for  the  early  his- 
tory of  our  country;  a  library  of  books  and  photographs  of  classical  and 
medieval  archeology;  collections  to  illustrate  the  history  and  processes 
of  the  graphic  arts ;  reproductions  of  Greek  and  Roman  coins  and  gems; 
specimens  of  Greek  and  Roman  marble;  bronze  medals  and  casts  of 
ivories  from  the  Roman  to  the  Gothic  period;  a  series  of  casts  from  the 
Arch  of  Trajan  at  Beneventum;  a  small  collection  of  paintings  and 
sculptures;  and  exhibits  of  the  results  of  the  Princeton  expedition  to 
Syria. 

The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Allan  Marquand,  director,  and  is 
open  to  visitors  from  8  to  6. 

SALEM: 

SALEM  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  historical  collection  comprising  pewter  plates 
brought  from  England  by  Samuel  Hedge  in  1675,  when  the  colony  was 
settled;  2oo±  original  deeds  from  1675  to  1775;  original  wills  from  1705 
on;  an  album  of  photographs  of  colonial  houses  in  Salem  County; 
files  of  Salem  newspapers  from  1819;  and  a  small  collection  of  Indian 
relics,  minerals,  and  other  articles  of  local  interest. 

TRENTON: 

NEW  JERSEY  STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.    Curator,  S.  R.  Morse. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  612  specimens,  including  Indian  relics  and  a 
small  Philippine  collection. 

BOTANY.  Over  2000  specimens,  not  at  present  arranged  for  exhi- 
bit. The  material  contains  160  specimens  of  New  Jersey  woods,  in- 
cluding the  leaves,  flowers,  and  fruits  of  the  trees,  and  a  complete 
collection  of  136  marine  algae,  made  by  the  curator  from  the  New  Jersey 
coast. 

EDUCATION.  School  exhibits,  including  exhibits  of  school  work 
sent  to  the  expositions  at  Philadelphia,  in  1876,  at  New  Orleans,  in 
1885,  at  Chicago, in  1893,  at  Buffalo,  in  1901,  at  Charleston, in  1901-2, 
at  St.  Louis,  in  1903,  and  at  Jamestown,  in  1907. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  325,  in  storage,  1675;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  355,  in  storage,  4145;  Economic  geology,  on  exhibition, 
569,  in  storage,  775 ;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  18.  The  mineral  series 


176  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

contains  chiefly  local  material.  The  rocks  are  arranged  stratigraphically 
and  are  accompanied  by  descriptions  and  maps.  The  economic  series 
includes  ores,  cement,  clay,  sand  and  gravel,  marl,  soil,  and  building 
stones,  and  is  accompanied  by  descriptions  and  maps  showing  localities 
from  which  they  are  obtained. 

HISTORY.    Maps,  charts,  photographs,  and  prints. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Material  on  exhibition,  34oo±,  types  and 
figured  specimens,  905 ±.  The  material  is  arranged  stratigraphically 
and  is  accompanied  by  descriptions  and  maps  showing  outcrops  of  the 
formations  in  which  the  fossils  occur.  The  most  notable  feature  of 
the  exhibit  is  a  plaster  cast  of  skeleton  of  Hadrosaurus  from  the  cre- 
taceous near  Haddonfield. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  284  (from  the  New  Jersey  coast);  Insects,  550; 
Fishes,  103;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  607;  Mammals,  114;  Bird  eggs,  576; 
Bird  nests,  104.  There  are  25  large  groups  and  160  small  groups  of 
animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings,  including  a  large  part  of 
the  bird  material. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Established  in  1895,  the  nucleus  being  the 
exhibit  of  the  state  at  the  Columbian  Exposition.  A  curator  was 
appointed  and  the  exhibits  housed  in  a  corridor  and  two  attic  rooms 
in  the  state  house.  In  1900,  the  legislature  made  an  appropriation  for 
an  addition  to  the  state  house,  and  the  third  floor  was  finished  for  the 
museum  in  the  winter  of  1901. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  optional  appropriation  of  $3000  per 
annum  from  the  state  legislature. 

BUILDING.  About  5100  square  feet  of  floor  space  is  available  for 
exhibition,  and  380  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.,  in  a  portion  of  the 
state  house  erected  in  1900. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  who  is  responsible  to  a  museum 
commission. 

SCOPE.  The  chief  purpose  of  the  museum  is  to  assemble  local 
collections  illustrating  the  scientific  resources  of  the  state  for  the  instruc- 
tion of  the  general  public  and  the  pupils  of  the  public  schools.  The 
work  with  the  public  schools  is  one  of  its  most  profitable  departments. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Reports  of  the  New  Jersey  State  Museum,  of 
which  7  have  been  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except 
Saturday  afternoons,  from  9  to  5. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1888,  containing  8  reptiles,  140  birds,  and  71  mammals. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  177 

VINELAND: 

VINELAND  HISTORICAL  AND  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  collection  of  miscellaneous  curiosities  and  relics, 
some  of  which  are  of  local  historical  value. 

WOODBURY: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  GLOUCESTER  COUNTY. 

The  society  has  a  small  museum  of  local  historical  relics,  books, 
rare  coins,  etc.,  and  looks  forward  to  the  purchase  of  a  fireproof  build- 
ing and  the  extension  of  its  collections. 

NEW  MEXICO 

SANTE  FE: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

The  biennial  report  of  this  society  issued  in  1909  shows  that  it 
maintains  a  historical  museum  and  a  mineral  exhibit  in  the  "Old  Pal- 
ace." No  reply  has  been  received  from  requests  for  further  informa- 
tion. 

NEW  YORK 
ALBANY: 

ALBANY  INSTITUTE. 

STAFF.  Director,  Edward  K.  Parkinson;  i  stenographer,  i 
assistant  superintendent  of  building,  i  helper,  and  i  night  watchman. 

ART.  Sculpture,  60;  Prints  and  engravings,  5o±;  Oil  paintings, 
150;  Water  colors,  5;  Ceramics,  3000;  Textiles,  25;  Furniture,  75. 

HISTORY.  This  collection  includes  local  coats  of  arms  and  book- 
plates; framed  portraits  of  Albany  mayors,  New  York  governors, 
United  States  presidents,  etc. ;  and  books  by  citizens  of  Albany. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  society  dates  back  to  1791  and  has 
existed  under  a  variety  of  names.  The  present  organization  was  formed 
in  1900  by  the  consolidation  of  the  Albany  Institute  and  the  Albany 
Historical  and  Art  Society.  The  latter  was  formed  in  1897-8  as  an 
outgrowth  of  the  Albany  Historical  Society,  which  originated  in  1886. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Income  from  endowment,  $300,  from  city 
appropriation,  $1500.  The  city  appropriation  is  optional.  Additional 
funds  are  derived  from  fees  of  members  who  pay  $5  per  year  with 
special  rates  for  more  than  one  person  in  a  family,  out-of-town  mem- 
bers, clergymen,  educators,  etc.  A  further  income  is  obtained  from 
admission  fees. 


jyS  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1908  at  a  cost  of  $125,000  paid  for  by  sub- 
scription. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  consisting  of  a  house  committee, 
director,  and  executive  committee. 

SCOPE.  Special  emphasis  is  laid  upon  local  collections,  supple- 
mented by  lectures. 

LIBRARY.  2000  volumes,  pertaining  to  history,  with  special 
emphasis  upon  publications  of  local  interest.  Open  to  members  and  the 
public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  12  volumes  of  Proceedings  published  between 
1800  and  1893. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  week-days  from  9  to  5  and  on  Sundays 
from  2  to  5.  Free  on  Saturdays  and  Sunday  afternoons.  On  other 
days  an  admission  of  25  cents  is  charged.  Attendance  is  estimated  at 
50,000  annually. 

NEW  YORK  STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Director,  John  M.  Clarke  (also  state  geologist  and  paleon- 
tologist) ;  State  botanist,CharlesH.  Peck;  State  entomologist,  E.  Porter 
Felt;  Zoologist,  F.  H.Ward;  Archeologist,  A.  C.Parker;  Mineralogist, 
H.  P.  Whitlock;  Ornithologist,  E.  H.  Eaton;  Assistant  state  geologist, 
D.  H.  Newland;  Assistant  geologist,  C.  H.  Hartnagel;  Assistant  state 
paleontologist,  R.  Ruedemann;  Assistant  state  entomologist,  F.  T. 
Hartman;  Assistant  state  botanist,  S.  H.  Burnham;  Assistants,  Henry 
Leighton  and  H.  C.  Wardell  (geology);  Taxidermist,  A.  J.  Klein; 
12  temporary  scientific  assistants,  and  6  clerks  and  stenographers. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology  of  New  York,  6000;  Ethnology  of 
New  York,  500.  A  series  of  Iroquois  groups  is  in  preparation,  compris- 
ing life-size  casts  representing  domestic  and  civil  life  of  the  Iroquois 
nation;  this  will  include  not  less  than  40  figures  and  constitutes  the 
Myron  H.  Clark  museum  of  Iroquois  culture. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  80,000,  types  and  figured  specimens, 
2000+ ;  Phanerogams,  20,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  35oo±; 
Special  collections  of  fungi,  2500;  Tree  trunk  sections,  106. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Series  showing  development  of 
natural  mineral  products  from  the  crude  to  the  finished  state. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  6400,  in  storage,  10,000; 
General  geological  collection,  on  exhibition,  2500,  in  storage,  10,000; 
Relief  maps,  14.  This  section  is  organized  as  the  New  York  state 
geological  survey. 

HISTORY.     A  historical  department  has  recently  been  inaugu- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  179 

rated  and  will  be  devoted  to  the  presentation  of  successive  cultures  in 
New  York  State. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  10,000,  in  storage, 
500,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  9000;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 200,  in  storage,  200,  types  and  figured  specimens,  50;  Plants,  on 
exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  500,  types  and  figured  specimens,  100. 
This  collection  includes  the  Cohoes  mastodon  (mounted),  the  Monroe 
mastodon  (unmounted),  and  a  nearly  complete  skeleton  of  the  Irish 
elk. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  14,000,  in  storage,  86,000,  types 
and  figured  specimens,  438;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  5700,  in  storage, 
134,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  2200;  Other  invertebrates,  on 
exhibition,  190,  in  storage,  8800;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  251,  in  storage, 
1700;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  33,  in  storage,  300;  Reptiles,  on 
exhibition,  53,  in  storage,  150;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  1187,  in  storage, 
1113;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  194,  in  storage,  1 16.  This  department 
contains  the  R.  W.  Shufeldt  collection  of  384  avian  skeletons,  includ- 
ing the  types  of  his  demonstration.  There  are  7  large  and  10  small 
groups  of  animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  New  York  State  Museum  was  organ- 
ized as  the  New  York  State  Cabinet  of  Natural  History.  The  nucleus 
of  the  collections  is  the  material  gathered  in  the  natural  history  survey 
of  the  state  made  between  1836  and  1843.  In  ^7°  the  legislature 
established  the  State  Museum  of  Natural  History  and  provided  for 
an  annual  appropriation  of  $10,000  with  an  additional  sum  of  $1500 
for  the  salary  of  a  botanist.  In  1883  by  action  of  legislature  the  state 
geologist  and  paleontologist,  the  state  botanist,  and  the  state  ento- 
mologist were  associated  with  the  state  museum,  and  the  whole  was 
placed  under  the  charge  of  the  regents  of  the  University  of  the  State 
of  New  York.  In  1889  the  state  museum  was  made  an  integral  part 
of  the  university. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  an  annual  appropria- 
tion from  the  state  legislature  amounting  to  about  $40,000. 

BUILDING.  A  new  building  is  in  course  of  erection  by  the  state  at 
a  cost  of  $3,500,000  which  will  provide  100,000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  museum  exhibition  and  offices.  This  building  will  also  con- 
tain the  state  library  and  the  administrative  offices  of  the  depart- 
ment of  education. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  commissioner 
of  education. 


!8o  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

SCOPE.  The  museum  is  an  organization  for  research  and  for  the 
preservation  of  research  collections.  Its  field  is  the  state  of  New  York. 

LIBRARY.  A  fairly  extensive  library  belonging  to  the  museum  is 
combined  with  the  state  library. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  series  of  annual  museum  reports  contains 
all  the  publications  of  the  institution.  The  reports  of  the  director  and 
the  division  heads,  as  well  as  special  treatises,  are  published  in  advance 
as  bulletins;  8-ioof  these  are  issued  annually.  More  elaborate  treatises 
are  published  as  memoirs,  and  issued  as  advance  parts  of  the  annual 
reports.  The  total  number  of  annual  reports  issued  is  62 ;  the  number 
of  bulletins  since  1892  is  127;  of  memoirs.  12;  and  of  other  publica- 
tions, ioo±. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public. 

ALFRED: 

ALFRED    UNIVERSITY.     Allen      Steinheim    and    Museum    of 
Natural  History. 

STAFF.  Curator,  James  D.  Bennehoff,  who  is  also  in  charge  of  the 
department  of  natural  science  and  gives  only  a  part  of  his  time  to  the 
work  of  the  museum. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  2ooo±,  foreign,  iooo±; 
Ethnology,  native,  5oo±,  foreign,  2<x>±;  Coins,  1436. 

ART.  Sculpture,  25  (mostly  plaster  casts) ;  Prints  and  engravings, 
100  (local);  Oil  paintings,  25  (local);  Ceramics,  500;  Textiles,  100. 

BOTANY.    Cryptogams,  iso±;  Phanerogams,  iooo±. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  2000 ;  Rocks,  2  50 ;  Economic  collections,  etc. , 
20oo±;  Special  collections  illustrating  the  Chemung.  The  building 
is  constructed  of  many  different  kinds  of  stone  from  local  glacial  depos- 
its, and  a  variety  of  woods  in  natural  finish. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  8oo±;  Vertebrates,  4oo±; 
Plants,  2oo±;  Unclassified,  1000.  The  collections  are  especially  rich 
in  devonian  material. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  shell  collection  includes  1000  marine  species,  500 
univalves,  and  200  unionidae.  Insects  are  represented  by  2000  species, 
poorly  preserved.  These  two  collections  are  strong  in  local  material. 
Other  invertebrates,  fishes,  batrachians,  and  reptiles  are  represented 
by  small  collections.  There  are  also  122  species  of  birds  and  a  number 
of  mammals. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  originated  in  collections  of 
President  Jonathan  Allen  of  Alfred  University,  who  died  in  1892.  He 
intended  to  leave  the  museum  to  the  university  but  made  no  will, 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  l8l 

and  the  museum  was  finally  purchased  from  his  heirs.  Practically  no 
records  of  the  earlier  years  of  the  museum  were  left  and  the  lack  of  a 
curator  resulted  in  still  further  confusion,  which  is  being  remedied  as 
rapidly  as  possible  by  the  present  curator. 

AMSTERDAM: 

MONTGOMERY  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.  . 

The  society  maintains  a  historical  museum  in  charge  of  W.  Max 
Reid,  curator  and  librarian,  and  Alfred  Child,  custodian.  The  collec- 
tion includes  the  Richmond  collection  of  20,000  aboriginal  implements, 
purchased  for  the  society  by  Mr.  Stephen  Sanford  at  a  cost  of  $5000. 
There  are  also  many  pieces  of  rare  colonial  furniture,  and  a  library 
of  rare  books  and  documents.  The  museum  is  maintained  for  educa- 
tional purposes,  and  occupies  a  baronial  mansion  erected  in  1742  and 
known  as  Fort  Johnson  since  1755.  It  affords  about  1600  square  feet 
of  floor  space  for  the  museum  and  was  purchased  for  the  society  in 
1906  by  Major-general  J.  Watts  dePeyster  at  a  cost  of  $6000.  The 
society  receives  an  income  of  $400  annually  from  the  Stephen  Sanford 
endowment  and  $400  from  membership  fees.  The  building  is  open 
free  to  the  public  on  Friday,  Saturday,  and  Sunday  from  2  to  6. 

AURORA: 

WELLS  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  collection  of  geological  specimens,  fossils  and 
shells,  which  has  not  been  put  in  order  since  removal  to  a  new  building. 
A  small  teaching  collection  is  in  use  in  the  department  of  biology. 

BINGHAMTON: 

BROOME  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  collection  of  papers,  maps,  deeds,  Indian 
pottery  and  implements,  and  other  material  of  local  historical  interest, 
in  the  Binghamton  Public  Library  and  in  charge  of  William  F.  Seward, 
custodian. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  one  and  a  half  acres,  estab- 
lished in  1878,  containing  7  birds  and  53  mammals. 

BROOKLYN: 

BROOKLYN   INSTITUTE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Curator-in-chief,  Frederic  A.  Lucas;  Honorary  curator  of 
natural  science,  Alfred  G.  Mayer;  Curators,  William  H.  Goodyear 


l82  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

(fine  arts),  Stewart  Culin  (ethnology),  E.  L.  Morris  (natural  science), 
Susan  A.  Hutchinson  (books),  Jacob  Doll  (entomology),  George  K. 
Cherrie  (ornithology) ;  Associate  curators,  Charles  Schaeffer  (entomol- 
ogy); Assistant  curators,  A.  D.  Savage  (fine  arts);  Artist,  Herbert  B. 
Judy;  Chief  taxidermist.  J.  W.  Critchley;  Superintendent  of  buildings, 
T.  F.  Casey;  7  clerks  and  stenographers,  1 2  preparators  and  mechanics, 
7  engineers,  firemen,  and  electricians,  and  21  attendants,  cleaners, 
and  watchmen. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  75oo±  specimens  illustrating  very  fully  the 
customs  and  occupations  of  the  Pueblo  Indians  of  the  Southwest  and 
of  the  California  Indians;  also  some  from  the  Haida  and  related  tribes; 
small  collections  from  Japan,  China,  and  Siam. 

ART.  Sculpture,  39;  Oil  paintings,  213;  Water  colors,  442;  Cer- 
amics, European,  569,  Chinese,  50,  Japanese,  191,  Corean,  98,  Sara- 
cenic, 7,  Moresque,  109,  Greek,  64,  Italic  and  Etruscan,  22,  casts  from 
antique  pottery  moulds,  57;  Textiles,  European  lace,  etc.,  22,  Egyp- 
tian, 19;  Chinese  and  Japanese  lacquers,  131,  bronzes  and  other  metals, 
17,  ivories,  50,  wood  carvings,  10,  miscellaneous  art  objects,  9;  Egyp- 
tian antiquities,  2675;  Chaldaeo-Assyrian,  385;  Greek  and  Italian 
bronzes,  etc.,  19;  Replicas  of  Mycenaean  metals,  12;  Greek  and  Roman 
jewelry,  224;  Greek  terra  cottas,3i ;  Etruscan  and  Roman  terracottas, 
8;  Roman  mosaics,  21;  Photographic  enlargements  of  European  archi- 
tecture, 640;  Surveys  of  European  architecture,  60. 

BOTANY.    Cryptogams,  7000;  Phanerogams,  23,000. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  4025,  in  storage,  3050; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  i3o±,  in  storage,  950;  Relief  maps,  5o±. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  in  storage,  4ooo±.  There  is 
also  a  fairly  complete  mastodon  from  Newburgh  and  a  few  other  verte- 
brate fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  3755±,  in  storage,  5o,ooo±; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  4ooo±,  in  storage,  5o,ooo±,  types,  1242,  figured 
specimens,  64;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  iooo±,  in  storage, 
2ooo±;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  175,  in  storage,  6oo±;  Batrachians,  on 
exhibition,  25,  in  storage,  ioo±;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  80,  in  stor- 
age, 375±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  5oo±,  in  storage,  55oo±,  types,  n; 
Mammals,  on  exhibition,  250,  in  storage,  iooo±.  There  are  15  small 
and  15  large  groups  of  animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum  is  to  be  found  in 
a  collection  of  birds,  fishes,  and  shells  exhibited  by  the  old  Brooklyn 
Institute  as  early  as  1854.  The  present  museum  was  organized  in  1889 
and  is  maintained  as  a  public  institution  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Brooklyn  Institute  of  Arts  and  Sciences. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  183 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  an  optional  city  appro- 
priation which  amounted  in  1909  to  $103,905,  including  $12,000  which 
was  allotted  to  the  Children's  Museum.  Money  appropriated  by  the 
city  cannot  be  used  for  the  purchase  of  specimens,  but  is  devoted  to 
the  expense  of  maintenance.  A  fund  amounting  to  about  $8000  a  year 
is  raised  for  the  purchase  of  specimens,  supplemented  by  special  sub- 
scriptions for  special  purchases.  The  interest  of  the  John  D .  Woodward 
memorial  fund,  about  $1125,  is  used  for  the  purchase  of  paintings  by 
American  artists.  The  Ella  C.  Woodward  fund  yields  about  $1125 
for  purchase  of  other  art  objects.  The  Frederic  Loeser  fund  yields 
about  $450  for  the  purchase  of  photographs  and  casts  of  famous  works 
of  art.  The  Caroline  H.  Polhemus  fund  yields  about  $400  for  the 
maintenance  and  increase  of  the  Polhemus  collection.  The  Frank 
Sherman  Benson  fund  yields  about  $425  for  general  additions  to  the 
museum  collections.  About  $300  is  received  from  admission  fees. 

BUILDING.  In  1891  the  city  was  authorized  to  expend  $300,000 
for  the  erection  of  a  museum  building;  work  was  begun  in  1895  and  the 
first  section  opened  in  1897;  the  second  or  central  section  was  opened 
in  June,  1907,  and  the  east  wing  in  December,  1907.  The  cost  of  the 
building  to  date  is  somewhat  over  $1,794,000.  This  represents  less 
than  one-fourth  of  the  space  to  be  occupied  ultimately;  at  present 
there  are  68,386  square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  and 
37,000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  cura tor-in-chief,  responsible  to  the  board 
of  trustees  of  the  Brooklyn  Institute  of  Arts  and  Sciences  as  represented 
by  an  executive  committee. 

SCOPE.  Research  and  public  instruction  are  the  principal  pur- 
poses of  the  museum,  the  latter  being  the  more  important  activity  at 
present. 

LIBRARY.  At  the  beginning  of  1909  the  library  contained  17,298 
volumes  on  art  and  science  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public  for 
reference  work  only. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Science  Bulletin;  each  volume  contains  about 
400  pages,  i  volume  having  been  issued  at  the  end  of  1909.  (2)  Mem- 
oirs of  Natural  Sciences,  i  part  issued.  (3)  Memoirs  of  Art  and  Archae- 
ology, 3  parts  issued.  (4)  Catalogs  and  guides,  6  issued.  (5)  Annual 
Reports,  beginning  with  the  year  1904.  (6)  Museum  News,  published 
monthly  from  October  to  May,  4  volumes  issued.  (7)  Miscellaneous, 
3  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  public  daily  except  Sunday  from  9  to 
6;  Sunday  afternoon  from  2  to  6;  Thursday  evening  from  7.30  to  9.45. 


184  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

On  Mondays  and  Tuesdays  an  admission  of  25  cents  for  adults  and  10 
cents  for  children  under  16  is  charged. 

CHILDREN'S  MUSEUM.     (Bedford  Park.) 

STAFF.  Curator,  Anna  B.  Gallup;  Assistant  Curators,  Mary  Day 
Lee,  George  P.  Englehart;  Librarian,  Miriam  S.  Draper;  Assistant 
librarian,  Alison  J.  Baigri;  Clerk,  Marguerite  Carmichael ;  i  janitor, 
i  attendant,  i  messenger,  and  2  cleaners. 

ART.     i5o±  photographs  of  famous   paintings   and  buildings. 

BOTANY.  An  educational  exhibit  of  plant  models,  colored  plates 
and  preserved  specimens,  illustrating  plant  structure  and  germination. 

GEOGRAPHY.  Models  showing  the  relation  of  primitive  man  to 
environment  in  different  zones;  Dolls  dressed  in  peasant  costumes; 
Relief  maps,  photographs,  etc. 

GEOLOGY.  325  minerals  and  rocks.  These  include  principally 
the  minerals  and  rocks  described  in  the  public  school  courses  of  study. 
There  are  also  13  colored  charts  showing  glaciers,  earthquakes,  geysers, 
deserts,  avalanches,  water-spouts  etc. ;  a  small  collection  of  volcanic 
products;  and  a  collection  of  8o±  gems. 

HISTORY.  Historical  relics  and  pictures,  and  a  series  of  models 
illustrating  colonial  life.  The  models  consist  of  dolls  dressed  in  appro- 
priate costumes  and  surrounded  with  careful  reproductions  of  the 
houses,  furniture,  etc.  of  the  period  represented. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  1000+  ;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  640+ ,  in  stor- 
age, 5000+  ;  Other  invertebrates,  400;  Fishes,  50;  Batrachians,  100; 
Reptiles,  75;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  200;  Mammals, 
150.  There  are  6  large  and  6  small  groups  of  animals  exhibited  in 
natural  environment. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Children's  Museum  began  its  work 
in  a  residence  leased  as  a  temporary  storeroom  by  the  Brooklyn  Insti- 
tute of  Arts  and  Sciences.  Upon  the  opening  of  the  central  museum 
(Brooklyn  Institute  Museum)  this  residence  was  continued  as  a 
branch  museum  for  children.  The  first  exhibits  were  opened  in  Decem- 
ber, 1899;  since  that  time  the  exhibits  and  the  popularity  of  the  work 
of  the  museum  have  increased  so  that  a  new  building  is  very  much 
needed. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  Children's  Museum  receives  $12,000 
annually  from  the  appropriation  made  by  the  city  for  the  maintenance 
of  the  Brooklyn  Institute  Museums.  The  grounds  are  cared  for  by 
the  department  of  parks;  specimens  are  purchased  from  a  collection 
fund  composed  of  private  donations. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  185 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  5000  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  700  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  curator-in- 
chief  of  the  Brooklyn  Institute  Museums. 

SCOPE.  Public  school  work  is  the  primary  purpose  of  the  museum. 
Colored  charts,  mounted  birds,  and  boxes  containing  life  histories  of 
insects  are  loaned  to  teachers  for  classroom  use,  the  teachers  calling 
to  select  the  material  and  arranging  for  its  transportation  to  and  from 
the  school.  A  lecture  is  given  at  least  once  a  week  for  each  grade  of 
the  public  schools,  with  special  lectures  to  any  class  upon  request. 
Physical  apparatus  is  provided  for  experiments  at  the  museum  and  a 
wireless  telegraph  station  has  been  established  and  maintained  by 
young  men  interested  in  the  subject,  five  of  whom  have  qualified  as 
expert  wireless  telegraph  operators  through  individual  experiment- 
ing at  the  museum  without  formal  instruction.  A  description  of  the 
work  of  the  Children's  Museum  was  published  by  the  curator  in  the 
"Proceedings  of  the  American  Association  of  Museums,"  Vol.  I. 

LIBRARY.  About  6000  volumes  on  natural  science,  biography, 
geography,  history,  and  art  intended  for  use  as  a  reference  library  by 
both  staff  and  public.  The  library  is  frequently  consulted  by  students 
and  teachers  of  all  ages  as  well  as  by  children. 

PUBLICATIONS.  A  section  of  the  "  Museum  News,"  issued  monthly 
from  October  to  May  by  the  Brooklyn  Institute  Museums,  is  devoted 
to  the  Children's  Museum.  The  annual  reports  of  the  curator  are 
printed  with  the  reports  of  the  curator-in-chief . 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
5 . 30  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  5.30.  The  average  annual  attendance 
is  102,000,  including  an  attendance  of  18,700  on  lectures. 

LONG  ISLAND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.    (Pierrepont  and  Clin- 
ton  Streets.) 

In  addition  to  an  extensive  library  this  society  maintains  a  museum 
under  the  care  of  Mary  E.  Ingalls,  assistant  curator,  the  office  of 
curator  being  vacant.  The  museum  includes  a  large  collection  of 
Indian  implements  and  relics  from  Long  Island;  the  C.  L.  Allen  col- 
lection of  arrowheads  and  other  Indian  implements  from  Illinois, 
Kentucky,  Arkansas,  Kansas,  Minnesota,  and  Oregon;  the  Beebe  col- 
lection from  graves  at  Ancon,  Peru;  the  Scarborough  collection  of 
general  and  local  botany;  an  extensive  collection  of  minerals  and 
rocks  from  the  boulder  drift  of  Long  Island;  minerals  and  fossils 
from  the  New  York  State  Museum;  the  Pike  collection  of  East  Indian 
shells ;  and  a  collection  of  Long  Island  birds.  One  of  the  most  valuable 
possessions  of  the  museum  is  a  mounted  Labrador  duck. 


l86  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

POLYTECHNIC  INSTITUTE  OF  BROOKLYN. 

The  institute  does  not  maintain  a  museum  but  has  the  John 
Milton  Smith  collection  of  minerals,  occupying  a  wall  case  about  25 
feet  in  length  and  7  shelves  high. 

BUFFALO: 

BUFFALO  FINE  ARTS  ACADEMY.     Albright  Art  Gallery.  (Dela- 
ware Park.) 

STAFF.  Acting  director,  Cornelia  B.  Sage;  i  stenographer,  i 
assistant,  i  superintendent,  and  4  guards. 

ART.  Oil  paintings,  241 ;  Engravings  and  etchings,  657,  including 
the  Willis  O.  Chapin  collection  of  engravings  and  the  James  collection 
of  etchings;  Arundel  prints,  62;  Cartoons,  15;  Drawings,  photographs, 
etc.,  66;  Medals  and plaquettes,  6;  Miniatures,  10;  Sculptures  and  casts, 
39;  Miscellaneous,  38. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Buffalo  Fine  Arts  Academy  was  organ- 
ized in  1862  and  an  art  gallery  was  opened  in  American  Hall.  After 
occupying  a  number  of  other  buildings  the  present  Albright  Art  Gallery 
was  dedicated  in  1905.  This  building  was  erected  by  Mr.  J.  J.  Al- 
bright at  a  cost  of  about  $400,000  and  provides  approximately  19,190 
square  feet  of  exhibition  floor  space  in  addition  to  an  auditorium. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By.  the  income  from  a  maintenance  fund 
of  $140,000  and  a  city  appropriation  which  amounted  in  1909  to 
$12,000. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  an  acting  director,  responsible  to  a  board 
of  29  trustees. 

SCOPE.  Instruction  of  the  general  public  is  the  chief  aim  of  the 
art  gallery.  22  special  exhibitions  of  paintings  and  bronzes  were 
given  in  1909. 

LIBRARY.    45  volumes  on  art. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Catalogs.  (2)  Academy  Notes,  issued  monthly 
since  June,  1905.  (3)  Bulletin,  issued  quarterly,  since  1910.  (4) 
Blue  Book,  issued  annually. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  galleries  are  open  to  the  public  daily  from  10 
to  5.30  except  on  Sundays  and  Mondays,  when  the  hours  are  i  to  5.30. 
Admission  is  free  except  on  Sunday  and  Monday,  when  a  fee  of  25 
cents  is  charged.  The  attendance  for  1909  was  113,676. 

BUFFALO  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society,  of  which  Frank  H.  Severance  is  secretary  and 
treasurer,  maintains  museum  collections  obtained  by  gift  and  inci- 
dental to  its  primary  work  of  historical  research  and  publication. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  187 

The  collections  include  Indian  implements;  household  articles  of  pio- 
neers; portraits  and  views  of  local  interest;  war  relics;  domestic  articles 
from  Hawaii,  the  Philippines,  Cuba,  Alaska,  etc.;  casts  of  Egyptian 
and  Assyrian  tablets;  coins  and  medals.  The  library  comprises  30,000 
volumes  of  a  historical  nature  and  is  open  free  to  the  public,  together 
with  the  museum,  on  week-days  from  10  to  5  and  on  Sundays  from  2 
to  5.  The  society  occupies  a  building  erected  in  1900  at  a  cost  of 
$200,000  defrayed*  jointly  by  the  state,  the  city,  and  the  society.  It 
receives  a  maintenance  appropriation  from  the  city  but  this  is  not 
available  for  increase  of  the  museum.  14  volumes  of  publications 
have  been  issued,  but  these  are  not  directly  related  to  the  museum. 

BUFFALO  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES. 

STAFF.  Superintendent,  Henry  R.  Howland;  Lecturer,  Carlos 
E.  Cummings;  Custodian  of  museum,  William  L.  Bryant;  i  stenogra- 
pher, i  janitor,  and  i  caretaker. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  6ooo±,  foreign,  3oo±; 
Ethnology,  native,  5oo±,  foreign,  iooo±.  Of  special  interest  are  the 
local  collections  illustrating  the  characteristics  of  each  important 
village  site  in  Erie  County,  New  York,  and  a  collection  of  300  specimens 
of  pottery  from  Chiriqui,  Central  America. 

BOTANY.     Cryptogamic  and  phanerogamic   herbaria,   25,ooo±. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Several  collections  illustrating  the 
manufacture  of  marketable  goods  from  natural  products,  as  iron,  steel, 
copper,  pearl,  mineral  dyes,  etc. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  300o±  on  exhibition  and  a  large  number  in 
storage;  Rocks,  25oo±  on  exhibition  and  many  in  storage.  Special 
mention  may  be  made  of  the  Wadsworth  collection  of  minerals, 
mostly  from  European  localities  and  especially  rich  in  fine  groups  of 
fluorite,  calcite,  quartz,  etc.  One  room  is  devoted  to  the  geology  of 
Buffalo  and  vicinity. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  There  are  on  exhibition  io,ooo±  invertebrate, 
vertebrate  and  plant  fossils,  with  a  large  number  in  storage  and  many 
types  and  figured  specimens.  The  collection  of  crustaceans  from  the 
Waterlime  group  in  the  vicinity  of  Buffalo  is  especially  important  and 
includes  some  80  varieties  and  over  250  specimens  of  Pterygotus, 
Eurypterus,  and  Ceratiocaris. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  12,900;  Insects,  6ooo±;  Other  invertebrates, 
378;  Fishes,  242;  Reptiles,  123;  Birds,  noo±;  Mammals,  75;  Bird 
eggs,  7oo±;  Osteology,  33.  10  large  groups  are  exhibited  in  natural 
surroundings;  especially  noteworthy  are  those  of  the  American  bison 


1 88  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

including  6  individuals,  Rocky  Mountain  goats  (4  individuals), 
great  blue  heron  (8  individuals),  and  whistling  swan  (5  individuals). 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Buffalo  Society  of  Natural  Sciences 
was  organized  in  1861  and  incorporated  in  1863.  During  the  custodian- 
ship of  Charles  Linden  the  Society  began  in  1867  the  educational  work 
which  has  since  been  one  of  its  controlling  purposes.  Since  1879  it  has 
sent  traveling  collections  of  scientific  exhibits  to  the  schools  of  Buffalo 
and  has  given  free  lectures  to  school  children  and  their  teachers.  Since 
1905  this  work  has  become  an  integral  and  compulsory  part  of  the 
public  school  system  of  Buffalo,  all  the  grammar  school  children  com- 
ing by  schedule  to  the  society's  rooms  for  their  nature  study,  physiol- 
ogy, etc. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  society  is  in  large  part  dependent  for 
financial  support  on  its  membership  dues,  which  are  $5  per  annum. 
It  has  the  income  from  a  very  modest  permanent  endowment  and 
receives  a  regular  appropriation  of  $1000  a  year  from  the  city  of  Buffalo 
in  partial  recognition  of  its  school  service. 

BUILDING.  The  society  occupies  two  floors  of  the  public  library 
building.  It  owns  a  desirable  building  site  adjoining  Delaware  Park 
on  which  it  is  hoped  to  erect  a  new  building. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  superintendent,  responsible  to  a  board  of 
managers  consisting  of  the  officers  and  twelve  managers  elected  by  the 
society. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  objects  of  the  society  are  the  encourage- 
ment of  original  research,  the  maintenance  of  local  collections,  public 
school  work,  and  instruction  of  the  general  public.  On  Friday  even- 
ings from  November  to  May  the  society  gives  free  public  lectures, 
usually  illustrated,  on  popular  scientific  subjects. 

LIBRARY.  5300  bound  volumes;  2000  unbound.  The  library  is 
restricted  to  scientific  works  and  is  intended  for  the  use  of  the  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Semi-annual  bulletins  are  published  by  the 
society,  9  volumes  having  been  issued  at  the  end  of  1909. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  daily 
except  Sunday  from  9  to  5. 

GANISIUS  COLLEGE.    Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  Henry  Wolff. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  50  Dakota  Indian  relics  and  300  old  English 
curiosities. 

BOTANY.  An  American  herbarium  of  800  sheets;  a  European  her- 
barium of  100  flowering  plants  and  500  fungi;  and  a  collection  of  200 
seeds. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NA1URAL   SCIENCES  189 

GEOLOGY.  800  minerals,  especially  calcite  and  silicates;  a  Ward 
series  of  250  rocks;  and  300  local  rocks. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  300  New  York  fossils;  300  cretaceous  fossils 
from  Maastricht,  Holland;  75  fossils  from  the  Bad  Lands,  South 
Dakota;  and  50  specimens  of  petrified  wood. 

ZOOLOGY.  2500  insects,  especially  coleoptera  and  hymenoptera; 
100  reptiles,  including  some  rare  specimens  from  India  5^300  birds  from 
United  States,  Austria,  and  Denmark;  and  50  North  American  and 
European  mammals. 

OTHER  COLLECTIONS.  3630  Greek,  Roman,  and  medieval  coins; 
300  books  from  250  to  400  years  old,  including  50  early  bibles. 

STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

Small  teaching  collections  in  natural  science.  The  specimens  of 
most  importance  are  a  number  of  fossil  crustaceans,  especially  Euryp- 
terus  and  Endarchus  from  neighboring  localities. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  n  acres,  established  in 
1894,  containing  57  reptiles,  117  birds,  and  166  mammals. 

CANANDAIGUA: 

ONTARIO  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

'The  society  has  a  collection  of  about  800  articles  relating  to  the 
history  of  Ontario  County,  and  a  library  of  50  volumes,  with  manu- 
scripts, papers,  etc.,  relating  to  the  early  history  of  western  New  York. 

CANTON: 

ST.  LAWRENCE  UNIVERSITY.     Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  George  H.  Chadwick;  Assistant,  Arthur  Head; 
Student  assistant,  Arthur  Laidlaw;  i  janitor. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  50;  Phanerogams,  150.  A  seed  dispersal 
series  is  in  process  of  formation. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  5oo±,  in  storage,  7oo±; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  2oo±,  in  storage,  ioo±;  Phenomenal  geology, 
etc.,  on  exhibition,  75,  in  storage,  50;  Economic  collections,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 300±,  in  storage,  ioo±;  Stratigraphic  collections,  on  exhibition, 
ioo±,  in  storage,  25.  The  mineral  collection  is  especially  rich  in 
material  from  northern  New  York. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  65o±,  in  storage, 
i5o±;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  25,  in  storage,  10;  Plants,  on  exhi- 


IQO  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

bition,  60,  in  storage,  25.  This  material  is  chiefly  from  New  York 
state. 

ZOOLOGY.    248  specimens  on  exhibition  and  360  in  storage. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  organized  in  1906, 
though  much  of  the  material  had  been  acquired  during  preceding  years. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    From  the  general  fund  of  the  university. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  1400  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  500  for  offices,  etc.  in  the  Carnegie  Science  Hall 
erected  in  1906  at  a  cost  of  $60,000. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  president  of 
the  university. 

SCOPE.    College  teaching  and  the  maintenance  of  local  collections. 

LIBRARY.  A  small  collection  of  reference  books  for  the  use  of 
students. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  students  and  visitors  during  the 
college  session,  and  at  all  times  on  application  to  the  janitor. 

In  addition  to  the  above  there  is  a  small  anthropological  collec- 
tion in  the  department  of  history,  and  an  art  collection  under  a  sepa- 
ate  department. 

CLINTON: 

HAMILTON  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  collections  primarily  for  teaching  purposes 
in  Knox  Hall  in  charge  of  W.  G.  Miller.  The  museum  includes  a 
considerable  collection  of  Indian  implements  and  relics,  especially 
arrowheads,  from  the  United  States;  the  Dr.  H.  P.  Sartwell  herbarium; 
and  a  geological  collection  including  10,000  minerals  and  ores,  and 
5000  rocks  and  fossils.  The  Oren  Root  collection  of  New  York  state 
minerals  is  of  special  interest,  being  probably  the  best  collection  of 
its  kind  except  that  of  the  State  Museum.  There  is  also  the  John 
D.  Conley  collection  of  fossils  and  minerals.  In  zoology  there  is  the 
Henry  Loomis  collection  of  about  10,000  shells,  the  Barlow  and  Arnold 
collections  of  insects,  and  the  Barlow  and  Dorrance  collections  of 
local  birds. 

CORTLAND: 

CORTLAND  SCIENCE  CLUB. 

The  Cortland  Science  Club  was  formed  by  F.  W.  Higgins  in  1899 
and  incorporated  in  1902  for  the  purpose  of  acquiring  and  maintaining 
a  museum  and  library  and  promoting  the  study  of  natural  science. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  19 1 

Its  collection  is  in  charge  of  F.  E.  Whitmore,  curator,  and  is  housed  in 
the  Hatch  Library  building.  The  collections  include  500  birds  and 
300  bird  eggs,  54  mammals,  70  fishes,  i  case  of  shells,  80  other  inverte- 
brates; a  small  collection  of  rocks  and  minerals;  Indian  relics;  and  war 
relics  and  other  articles  of  historical  interest. 

ELMIRA: 

ARNOT  ART  GALLERY. 

The  will  of  Matthias  H.  Arnot  provides  for  the  organization  of  a 
corporation  with  the  name  Arnot  Art  Gallery  for  the  purpose  of  main- 
taining his  residence  and  art  collections  as  a  public  art  gallery  and 
reference  library.  The  will  provides  the  sum  of  $10,000  to  be  used  in 
remodeling  the  building  for  its  new  use,  and  also  an  endowment  of 
$200,000.  Mr.  Arnot's  collection  of  paintings  is  valued  at  about 
$300,000  and  is  the  principal  part  of  his  gift  to  the  public. "  As  the  will 
has  but  recently  been  admitted  to  probate  the  organization  of  the  insti- 
tution is  as  yet  incomplete. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  16  acres,  established  in 
1894,  containing  22  mammals. 

GENESEO: 

LIVINGSTON  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  small  collection  of  local  historical  articles, 
including  wearing  apparel,  furniture,  agricultural  implements,  por- 
traits, manuscripts,  etc.  There  is  also  a  mastodon  skeleton  and  a  collec- 
tion of  minerals. 

GENEVA: 

HOBART  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  museum  collections  in  connection  with  the 
department  of  biology  and  in  charge  of  E.  H.  Eaton,  professor  of 
biology.  The  museum  includes  several  thousand  fossils,  mostly  from 
local  paleozoic  strata;  several  hundred  casts  of  famous  and  repre- 
sentative fossils  from  all  parts  of  the  world;  1400  mounted  or  alcoholic 
local  vertebrates;  skulls,  skeletons,  and  anatomical  preparations; 
several  hundred  microscopic  slides;  a  collection  of  North  American 
bird  eggs  and  nests;  a  collection  of  stone  implements  from  Europe  and 
North  America;  a  herbarium  of  12,000  specimens;  and  a  collection  of 
rocks  and  ores.  It  is  the  aim  of  the  museum  to  gather  material  for  the 


IQ2  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

exhaustive  illustration  of  the  courses  of  study  and  to  form  a  complete 
collection  of  the  local  fauna.  Although  intended  primarily  for  instruc- 
tion the  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public. 


GLEN  IRIS: 

GENESEE  VALLEY  MUSEUM.     (Letchworth  Park.) 

This  museum  is  on  the  Council  House  Grounds  at  Glen  Iris  in 
Letchworth  Park,  which  comprises  1000  acres  donated  in  1907  by 
Wm.  Pryor  Letchworth  to  the  State  of  New  York.  The  museum  build- 
ing is  a  fireproof  structure  25  x  37  feet,  erected  by  Mr.  Letchworth  in 
1898  at  a  cost  of  $5000,  and  is  maintained  at  his  expense.  During  the 
life  of  the  donor,  charge  of  the  property  remains  in  his  hands,  but  at 
his  death  passes  into  the  custody  and  control  of  the  American  Scenic 
and  Historic  Preservation  Society. 

The  museum  collections  were  made  for  Mr.  Letchworth  by  Mr. 
Henry  R.  Howland,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  and  comprise  7000-8000  exhibits 
including  the  largest  and  best  collection  extant  of  artifacts  from  the 
two  sites  of  Totiacton,  one  of  the  five  great  Seneca  castles  destroyed 
by  De  Nonville  in  1687.  This  material  is  especially  noteworthy  for 
its  bearing  upon  the  history  and  life  of  the  Iroquois,  and  especially  of 
the  Seneca  Indians.  Near  the  museum  is  the  council  house  of  the 
Senecas  at  Caneadea,  which  was  removed  by  Mr.  Letchworth  in  1871 
from  the  original  site  to  Letchworth  Park  in  order  that  it  might  be 
permanently  preserved.  The  museum  and  grounds  are  open  free  to 
the  public  daily  except  Sunday. 

GRANVILLE: 

PEMBER  LIBRARY  AND  MUSEUM. 

The  museum  contains  about  2000  birds,  including  a  pair  of  most 
North  American  species,  and  many  foreign  specimens.  There  is  also 
a  collection  of  bird  eggs  said  to  be  one  of  the  largest  in  the  state, 
many  mammals  and  mounted  heads,  and  collections  of  shells,  North 
American  ferns,  etc.  The  museum  occupies  about  3150  square  feet 
of  floor  space  on  the  second  floor  of  the  library  and  museum  building, 
erected  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  T.  Pember  in  1908  at  a  cost  of  $30,000. 
The  collection  was  gathered  during  the  past  45  years  by  Mr.  Pember 
and  was  given  by  him  to  the  town,  together  with  the  cases.  It  is 
under  the  control  of  the  library  trustees,  of  which  Mr.  Pember  is 
president.  He  also  supports  the  museum  and  acts  as  curator.  The 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  193 

library  is  open  every  week-day  and  evening  and  the  museum  two  days 
a  week.  Although  the  population  of  Granville  is  but  4000  the  attend- 
ance at  the  museum  amounts  to  from  75-125  daily. 

HAMILTON: 

COLGATE  UNIVERSITY. 

The  assistant  librarian  reports  that  the  university  maintains  a 
museum,  but  no  further  information  has  been  received  from  repeated 
requests.  It  is  learned  indirectly  that  the  museum  is  housed  in  Lath- 
rop  Hall  and  comprises  the  Urban  collection  of  about  2000  minerals;  a 
collection  of  western  ores  and  other  economic  specimens;  a  good  collec- 
tion of  fossils,  especially  rich  in  material  from  the  type  locality  of  the 
Hamilton  group  on  the  college  grounds;  the  Bickmore  collection  of 
East  Indian  birds;  and  a  general  collection  of  invertebrates.  In  addi- 
tion to  these  there  is  the  Douglas  herbarium  of  1600  plants  from  north- 
eastern United  States,  and  the  Cobb  collection  of  noo  specimens  of 
mosses,  lichens,  and  ferns. 

ITHACA: 

CORNELL   UNIVERSITY.     Museum  of  Classical  Archaeology. 
(Goldwin  Smith  Hall.) 

STAFF.    Curator,  Eugene  P.  Andrews. 

COLLECTIONS.  Over  500  plaster  casts,  from  original  moulds,  of 
the  best  and  most  typical  works  of  Greek  and  Roman  art  extant; 
15  examples  of  Greek  pottery;  135  Greek  coins,  for  the  most  part  silver; 
over  300  paper  impressions  of  Greek  inscriptions;  the  British  Museum 
set  of  7  frames  of  electrotypes  of  Greek  coins;  and  the  most  important 
of  the  galvan  -plastische  replicas  of  Mycenaean  antiquities. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  casts  are  for  the  most  part  the  gift  of 
the  late  Henry  W.  Sage,  in  1894,  and  represent  an  expenditure  of  about 
$20,000. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  appropriation  of  about  $800 
from  the  university. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  about  half  of  the  first  floor  in 
Goldwin  Smith  Hall,  affording  approximately  9000  square  feet  of 
exhibition  space. 

.    SCOPE.    It  is  the  aim  of  the  museum  to  provide  material  for  uni- 
versity lectures  and  to  promote  general  culture. 

PUBLICATIONS.    A  catalog  of  the  collections. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
1 2  and  2  to  5.  The  number  of  visitors  is  about  10,000  a  year. 


IQ4  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

CORNELL  UNIVERSITY.  Department  of  Botany.  (Sage  College.) 

In  addition  to  a  small  teaching  collection  this  department  main- 
tains a  greenhouse  consisting  of  six  rooms  with  different  temperatures, 
in  which  an  extensive  collection  of  tropical  and  subtropical  plants  are 
kept  for  class  use,  investigation,  and  exhibition.  This  greenhouse  is  in 
charge  of  the  head  of  the  department,  Professor  G.  F.  Atkinson,  and 
is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  holidays,  from  8  to  5. 

CORNELL  UNIVERSITY.    College  of  Civil  Engineering. 

This  department  of  the  university  maintains  teaching  collections 
in  charge  of  the  director  of  the  college,  Professor  E.  E.  Haskell,  and 
comprising  various  series  of  models;  details  of  construction;  photo- 
graphs, blueprints,  and  diagrams;  and  an  extensive  collection  of  instru- 
ments of  precision.  This  museum  occupies  a  floor  space  of  about  4000 
square  feet. 

CORNELL  UNIVERSITY.    Geological  Museum.    (McGraw  Hall.) 

STAFF.  Director,  Henry  S.  Williams;  Curators,  A.  C.  Gill  (miner- 
alogy and  petrography),  Heinrich  Ries  (economic  geology),  R.  S. 
Tarr  (physical  geography),  G.  D.  Harris  and  Henry  S.  Williams 
(paleontology  and  stratigraphy). 

ECONOMIC  GEOLOGY.  A  collection  of  ores  and  rocks,  comprising 
approximately  5000  specimens. 

MINERALOGY  AND  PETROGRAPHY.  A  good  working  collection  of 
minerals  and  rocks,  including  the  Silliman  collection  of  minerals  and 
numerous  additions. 

PALEONTOLOGY  AND  STRATIGRAPHY.  The  Jewett  collection  of 
New  York  paleozoic  fossils,  the  Hart  collection  from  the  tertiary,  a 
large  collection  of  devonian  material,  and  many  other  minor  collec- 
tions, with  a  small  collection  of  vertebrates.  For  comparison  with 
fossil  series,  the  Newcomb  collection  of  10,000  recent  shells  is  also 
contained  in  this  department. 

PHYSICAL  GEOGRAPHY.  A  large  series  of  models,  charts,  maps, 
and  other  illustrative  material  for  purposes  of  instruction  and  research. 
There  is  also  a  small  department  library. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  has  rib  endowment  and  is 
dependent  upon  the  university  funds  for  maintenance  and  enlarge- 
ment. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  exhibition  rooms  in  the  depart- 
ment of  geology  in  McGraw  Hall ;  the  study  collections,  which  comprise 
the  greater  part  of  the  material,  being  arranged  in  the  laboratories. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  IQ5 

The  total  amount  of  floor  space  occupied  by  the  department  is  approxi- 
mately 12,000  square  feet. 

SCOPE.  Maintained  primarily  for  university  instruction  and 
research. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  exhibition  rooms  are  open  free  to  the  public 
on  week-days. 

CORNELL    UNIVERSITY.      Museum  of  Invertebrate    Zoology. 

STAFF.  This  museum  is  in  charge  of  the  staff  of  the  department  of 
entomology  and  general  invertebrate  zoology  as  follows:  Professor, 
John  Henry  Comstock;  Assistant  professors,  A.  D.  MacGillivray 
(entomology  and  invertebrate  zoology),  W.  A.  Riley  (entomology), 
J.  G.  Needham  (limnology  and  general  biology),  G.  W.  Herrick 
(economic  entomology),  C.  R.  Crosby  (entomological  investigations). 

COLLECTIONS.  A  synoptic  series  of  about  1000  specimens  of 
invertebrates,  the  complete  series  of  glass  models  of  invertebrates 
made  by  Blaschka,  and  the  papier-mache  models  of  Auzoux.  The 
insect  collections  have  been  extensively  developed  as  an  adjunct  to 
the  work  of  instruction,  and  are  especially  rich  in  biological  and  illus- 
trative material.  In  addition  to  many  exotic  species,  they  contain 
specimens  of  a  large  part  of  the  more  common  species  of  the  United 
States.  These  have  been  determined  by  specialists,  and  are  accessible 
for  comparison.  It  is  estimated  that  the  insect  collection  comprises 
115,000  specimens. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  has  no  separate  funds  and  is 
dependent  for  maintenance  and  increase  upon  the  general  appropria- 
tion for  the  department. 

BUILDING.  The  exhibition  collections  of  the  museum  occupy 
1250  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  the  main  building  of  the  College  of 
Agriculture;  the  extensive  study  collections,  however,  are  contained  in 
cabinets  in  the  laboratories. 

SCOPE.  Maintained  primarily  for  university  instruction  and 
research.  The  study  collections  are  accessible  to  students. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  exhibition  collections  are  open  free  to  the 
public  on  week-days. 

CORNELL    UNIVERSITY.       Museum    of    Vertebrate    Zoology. 
(McGraw  Hall.) 

STAFF.  The  museum  has  no  special  staff;  the  head  of  the  depart- 
ment of  neurology  and  vertebrate  zoology,  Dr.  Burt  G.  Wilder,  acts 
as  curator,  with  the  assistance  of  other  members  of  the  staff  of  in- 
struction, as  occasion  may  require. 


1 96  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

COLLECTIONS.  The  total  number  of  specimens  is  nearly  17,000, 
of  which  about  one-half  are  in  storerooms  or  laboratories,  not  com- 
monly open  to  the  public,  but  accessible  for  study.  Special  care  has 
been  taken  in  the  selection  of  a  synoptic  series  of  vertebrates.  There 
are  also  faunal  series,  in  which  North  American  vertebrates  are  repre- 
sented by  all  the  ganoids  and  cyclostomes,  one-seventh  of  the  teleosts, 
two-fifths  of  the  selachians,  two-thirds  of  the  frogs  and  toads,  one- 
third  of  the  lizards,  one-half  of  the  salamanders,  turtles,  and  serpents, 
two-fifths  of  the  birds,  and  70  of  the  mammals.  The  local  fauna  is 
represented  by  65  fishes,  17  amphibians,  20  reptiles,  258  birds,  and 
39  mammals.  As  an  aid  to  zoological  instruction  there  are  extensive 
series  of  embryos,  dissected  and  injected  viscera,  and  a  series  of  about 
1900  well-prepared  brains  of  representative  forms,  distributed  as 
follows:  human  adults  and  children,  500;  human  embryos  and  children 
at  birth,  315;  apes,  monkeys,  and  lemurs,  235;  domestic  cats,  265; 
other  mammals,  25;  sharks  and  rays,  105;  other  vertebrates,  230. 
This  collection  includes  many  rare  selachian  and  holocephalous 
genera;  the  human  adult  brains  include  12  from  more  or  less  well- 
known  educated  persons  of  both  sexes. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  has  no  special  funds  but  is 
supported  from  the  general  appropriation  for  the  department.  The 
amount  expended  upon  the  museum  proper  is  about  $250  annually. 

BUILDING.  The  portion  of  the  museum  which  is  open  to  the  pub- 
lic occupies  about  5575  square  feet  of  floor  space  an  McGraw  Hall. 
The  storage  collections  are  kept  in  the  laboratories  and  storerooms 
of  the  department. 

SCOPE.     Primarily  college  teaching  and  research. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  exhibition  collections  are  open  free  to  the 
public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5.  No  statistics  of  attendance  are 
available. 

CORNELL  UNIVERSITY.     Veterinary  College. 

The  college  maintains,  for  purposes  of  instruction,  a  collection  of 
about  3000  pathological  specimens  and  several  hundred  physiological, 
pharmaceutical,  and  anatomical  preparations.  A  part  of  these  collec- 
tions occupies  2500  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  the  middle  section  of 
the  college  building,  and  is  open  to  the  public  from  9  to  5,  although 
the  specimens  are  not  labeled  for  public  exhibition.  These  collections 
are  in  charge  of  the  several  professors  and  are  supported  from  the 
general  funds  of  the  college,  derived  from  appropriations  of  the  state 
legislature. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  197 

JAMESTOWN: 

JAMES  PRENDERGAST  FREE  LIBRARY  ASSOCIATION.     Art 
Gallery. 

By  provision  of  the  will  of  Mary  Norton  Prendergast,  the  sum  of 
$25,000  was,  in  1889,  bequeathed  to  the  association  to  be  expended  for 
"oil  paintings — works  of  art,"  to  be  placed  in  the  art  gallery  in  the 
library  building.  In  addition  to  the  pictures  thus  purchased  the  family 
portraits  and  other  paintings  from  the  Prendergast  home  have  a 
place  in  the  gallery. 

JOHNSTOWN: 

JOHNSTOWN  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

In  addition  to  a  small  library  of  local  history,  the  society  main- 
tains a  museum  in  the  Sir  William  Johnson  mansion.  The  collections 
are  in  charge  of  a  caretaker,  and  are  open  free  to  the  public  on  week- 
days from  i  to  4. 

LAKE   GEORGE: 

NEW  YORK  STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  reports  that  it  holds  valuable  collections,  but  does 
not  maintain  a  museum. 

NEW  BRIGHTON: 

STATEN  ISLAND  ASSOCIATION  OF  ARTS  AND    SCIENCES. 
Public  Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator-in-chief,  Charles  Louis  Pollard;  Honorary  cura- 
tors, William  T.  Davis  (zoology),  Philip  Dowell  (botany),  Arthur 
Hollick  (geology  and  paleontology),  John  Q.  Adams  (art);  Honorary 
assistants,  James  Chapin  (zoology),  Alan  son  B.  Skinner  (anthro- 
pology); Assistant,  Agnes  L.  Pollard. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  15,000^;  Ethnology,  na- 
tive, 5oo±.  This  department  includes  one  of  the  most  complete 
collections  in  existence  of  Staten  Island  Indian  relics;  also  the  Skinner 
collection  of  Iroquois  Indian  ethnology. 

ART.  The  art  exhibits  consist  almost  entirely  of  loan  collections, 
changed  from  time  to  time. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  7372  mounted  and  2ooo±  unmounted 
specimens.  The  department  includes  a  good  collection  of  seeds  and 
fruits  of  Staten  Island  and  photographs  of  Staten  Island  trees. 

GEOGRAPHY.     Copies  of  practically  all  maps  of  Staten  Island 


198  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

published  since  1825;  photographs  of  the  originals  of  earlier  maps; 
many  United  States  geological  survey  charts. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  150,  in  storage,  25oo±; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  2ooo± ;  Relief  maps,  models, 
etc.,  20.  This  department  includes  a  very  complete  series  illustrating 
the  petrography  and  stratigraphy  of  Staten  Island;  also  the  Sanderson 
Smith  and  the  F.  Hollick  collections  of  minerals. 

HISTORY.  Many  old  documents,  books,  relics,  coins,  etc.,  re- 
lating to  the  early  history  of  Staten  Island  and  vicinity. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  100,  in  storage, 
250;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  50,  in  storage,  400,  types  and  figured  speci- 
mens, 14. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  260,  in  storage,  22oo±;  Insects, 
on  exhibition,  750,  in  storage,  35oo±;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 40,  in  storage,  175;  Fishes,  5;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  24, 
in  storage,  no;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  50,  in  storage,  300;  Birds,  on 
exhibition,  346,  in  storage,  50;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  5,  in  storage, 
ii.  There  are  also  exhibition  series  illustrating  variation,  mimicry, 
etc.,  and  insect  architecture,  marine  life,  and  special  characteristics  of 
bird  eggs. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Staten  Island  Association  of  Arts  and 
Sciences  was  incorporated  in  1905  as  the  successor  of  the  Natural 
Science  Association  of  Staten  Island.  The  charter  authorized  the 
city  of  New  York  to  furnish  quarters  and  to  make  an  annual  appro- 
priation for  maintenance  not  exceeding  $10,000.  In  1907  the  large 
library  room  in  Borough  Hall  was  assigned  to  the  association  for  mus- 
eum purposes  and  the  following  year  $4000  was  appropriated  for 
equipment.  The  museum  was  opened  to  the  public  May  23,  1908,  the 
association  providing  the  means  for  carrying  on  the  work  during  the 
remainder  of  that  year. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  an  optional  appro- 
priation from  New  York  City  which  amounted  in  1909  to  $4000.  This 
sum  was  devoted  to  the  salaries  of  officials.  About  $900  is  received 
annually  from  memberships  and  about  $50  from  sale  of  publications. 
Life  membership  dues  of  $50  are  applied  to  a  permanent  fund;  active 
membership  dues  at  $3  a  year  are  expended  for  publication  of  the 
Proceedings,  subscriptions  to  periodicals,  purchase  of  books,  and 
general  administrative  expenses. 

BUILDING.  The  dty  gives  free  use  of  a  room  on  the  third  floor 
of  the  borough  building  with  light,  heat,  and  janitor  service. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  a  curator-in-chief,  responsible  to  a  board 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  199 

of  trustees  which  is  represented  by  a  museum  committee  in  immediate 
charge  of  the  museum. 

SCOPE.  The  maintenance  of  local  collections,  public  school 
work,  and  instruction  of  the  general  public,  supplemented  by  explora- 
tion and  research  by  the  staff.  Loan  exhibits  are  maintained  from 
time  to  time  in  the  Staten  Island  branches  of  the  New  York  Public 
Library. 

LIBRARY.  A  scientific  library  of  1000  volumes  and  2000  pam- 
phlets is  maintained  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Proceedings  of  the  Natural  Science  Associ- 
ation of  Staten  Island;  this  series  is  complete  in  9  volumes  issued  from 
1883  to  1905.  (2)  Proceedings  of  the  Staten  Island  Association  of 
Arts  and  Sciences,  2  parts  issued  annually,  4  parts  making  a  volume; 
volume  I  was  completed  in  May,  1907. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  members  at  all  times  and  open  free  to  the 
public  from  10  to  5  on  Saturdays,  and  from  i  to  5  on  Tuesdays,  Wed- 
nesdays, Thursdays,  and  Fridays.  The  total  attendance  for  the  first 
six  months  was  1512;  for  the  succeeding  five  months,  1876. 

NEW   YORK   CITY: 

ACADEMY  MT.  ST.  VINCENT. 

This  academy  has  a  museum  which  includes  the  Arnold  collection 
of  about  1000  minerals,  somewhat  increased  by  subsequent  additions; 
the  Benjamin  F.  Joslin  collection  of  minerals  and  shells;  the  John 
Gilmary  Shea  collection  of  about  400  coins;  the  John  Fox  collection  of 
corals;  etc. 

AMERICAN  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY. 

STAFF.  Director,  Hermon  C.  Bumpus;  Curator  emeritus,  Albert 
S.  Bickmore  (public  education);  Honorary  curators,  George  F.  Kunz 
(gems),  William  M.  Wheeler  (social  insects),  Alexander  Petrunkevitch 
(arachnida),  Aaron  L.  Treadwell  (annulata);  Curators,  E.  O.  Hovey 
(geology  and  invertebrate  paleontology),  L.  P.  Gratacap  (mineralogy 
and  mollusca),  Henry  E.  Crampton  (invertebrate  zoology),  J.  A.  Allen 
(mammalogy  and  ornithology),  Frank  M.  Chapman  (ornithology), 
Henry  F.  Osborn  (vertebrate  paleontology),  Clark  Wissler  (anthro- 
pology), Ralph  W.  Towrer  (physiology;  books  and  publications), 
Charles  E.  A.  Winslow  (public  health),  George  H.  Sherwood  (public 
education);  Associate  curators,  W.  D.  Matthew  (vertebrate  paleon- 
tology), Pliny  E.  Goddard  and  Harlan  I.  Smith  (anthropology), 
William  Beutenmuller  (lepidoptera) ;  Assistant  curators,  Roy  W.  Miner 


200  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

and  Frank  E.  Lutz  (invertebrate  zoology),  Louis  Hussakof  (fossil 
fishes),  Walter  Granger  (fossil  mammals),  Barnum  Brown  (fossil 
reptiles),  R.  H.  Lowie  and  H.  J.  Spinden  (anthropology);  Assistants, 
Roy  C.  Andrews  (mammalogy),  W.  deW.  Miller  (ornithology), 
Charles  W.  Mead  and  Alanson  Skinner  (anthropology),  Mary  C. 
Dickerson  (in  charge  of  woods  and  forestry),  Anthony  Woodward  (in 
charge  of  maps  and  charts);  Preparators  and  technical  employees,  37; 
Administrative  and  clerical  employees,  42;  Engineers  and  mechanical 
employees,  28;  Custody  of  building,  employees,  72. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native, 
94,000,  foreign,  15,000;  Ethnology,  native,  31,000,  foreign,  108,500. 
There  are  12  life-size  ethnological  groups  on  exhibition. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  13,000,  in  storage,  5000; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  1500,  in  storage,  10,000;  Relief  maps,  23.  Other 
collections  include  1450  gems  on  exhibition  and  1550  in  storage,  580 
meteorites,  and  1050  building  stones.  Material  of  special  interest 
includes  collections  from  Mt.  Pele;  the  Willamette  meteorite;  and 
"Ahnighito,"  the  Cape  York  meteorite.  The  last  weighs  36.5  tons 
and  is  the  largest  and  heaviest  meteorite  known.  . 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  236,000,  in  stor- 
age, 8300,  types  and  figured  specimens,  8500;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 2coo±,  in  storage,  18,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  1000; 
Plants,  on  exhibition,  1500,  in  storage,  1000.  Material  of  special 
interest  on  exhibition  includes  49  complete  mounted  skeletons  of  mam- 
mals and  24  of  reptiles  and  amphibians.  There  are  also  important 
series  illustrating  the  evolution  of  the  horse,  and  extensive  series  of 
dinosaurs. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  65,ooo±,  in  storage,  185,000, 
types  and  figured  specimens,  140;  Insects,  extensive  collections  with 
numerous  types  and  figured  specimens;  Fishes,  batrachians,  and  rep- 
tiles, small  collections;  Birds  and  mammals,  extensive  collections. 
There  are  special  economic  exhibits  of  insects;  local  and  seasonal  ex- 
hibits of  birds;  and  enlarged  models  and  life-size  groups  of  inverte- 
brates. The~e  are  56  large  and  108  small  groups  of  animals  exhibited 
in  natural  surroundings;  among  these  special  mention  may  be  made  of 
the  habitat  groups  of  birds. 

OTHER  DEPARTMENTS.  The  department  of  public  education 
maintains  a  children's  room,  an  exhibit  for  the  blind,  and  loan  collec- 
tions of  nature  study  material.  During  the  school  year  463  cabinets 
have  been  sent  to  384  schools,  containing  over  a  million  children. 

The  departments  of  physiology  and  public  health  are  at  present 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  2OI 

incomplete.  The  department  of  woods  and  forestry  has  on  exhibi- 
tion 505  specimens  and  in  storage,  2587. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  This  museum  was  founded  in  1869  and  was 
first  housed  in  the  arsenal  in  Central  Park.  The  cornerstone  of  its 
present  building  in  Manhattan  Square  was  laid  in  1874. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Income  from  endowment,  $108,000;  city 
appropriation,  $185,000;  subscriptions,  memberships,  etc.,  $25,ooo±. 
There  are  also  special  funds.  By  agreement,  the  city  erects  the  build- 
ings and  provides  for  the  maintenance  of  the  museum,  the  collections 
being  provided  by  the  museum  corporation. 

BUILDING.  Erected  by  the  city  in  1874-1908  at  a  cost  of  $4,838,- 
ooo.  The  number  of  square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibi- 
tion is  262,336;  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.,  176,523. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  of  trustees,  and  a  director,  who  acts 
as  executive  officer. 

SCOPE.  Instruction  of  the  general  public,  exploration,  research, 
and  public  school  work  are  the  chief  activities  of  the  museum. 

LIBRARY.  About  40,000  books  and  20,000  pamphlets,  intended 
for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  Report.  (2)  Bulletin,  i  volume 
issued  annually.  (3)  Memoirs,  issued  irregularly.  (4)  Anthropo- 
logical papers,  a  part  of  the  Bulletin  devoted  exclusively  to  anthro- 
pology and  issued  at  irregular  intervals.  (5)  Ethnographical  Album. 
(6)  Museum  Journal,  a  popular  record  of  museum  work  issued  monthly 
from  October  to  May.  (7)  Guide  Leaflets,  issued  at  irregular  inter- 
vals. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
5  and  on  Sundays  from  i  to  5.  The  attendance  in  1909  was  839,141. 

AMERICAN   NUMISMATIC    SOCIETY.      (156th   Street  west  of 
Broadway.) 

This  society  was  organized  in  1858  and  is  the  second  oldest  society 
of  its  kind  in  America.  It  maintains  a  large  collection  of  coins  and 
medals  and  a  large  numismatic  library  which  are  open  free  to  the  pub- 
lic daily  from  10  to  5.  The  society  also  publishes  the  American  Jour- 
nal of  Numismatics.  The  museum  staff  consists  of  Bauman  L.  Bel- 
den,  director,  and  Agnes  Baldwin,  curator.  The  society  owns  its 
building. 

COLLEGE  OF  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 

The  college  has  more  or  less  extensive  collections  in  various  de- 
partments but  has  no  organized  museum.  In  addition -to  material 


202  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

purchased  by  the  college  there  are  a  number  of  special  gift  collections 
containing  valuable  material.  The  department  of  chemistry  has  a 
museum  illustrating  the  manufacture  of  substances  from  raw  material. 
The  department  of  history  maintains  a  collection  of  articles  of  histori- 
cal interest  in  connection  with  the  history  of  New  York.  The  de- 
partment of  natural  history  maintains  an  extensive  museum,  of  which 
the  nucleus  was  given  by  Dr.  Bashford  Dean;  there  is  also  a  large 
series  of  mineralogical  specimens. 

COLONIAL  DAMES  OF  AMERICA. 

This  society,  organized  in  1890,  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain 
museum  and  art  collections. 

COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY. 

BOTANY.  The  collections  of  this  department  are  united  with 
those  of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden  in  Bronx  Park,  with  the 
exception  of  a  small  teaching  collection  in  Schermerhorn  Hall. 

CHEMISTRY.  The  Chandler  museum  of  applied  chemistry  con- 
tains illustrations  of  the  chemical  and  physical  history  of  electricity, 
photography,  glass,  pottery,  etc. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  This  collection  is  housed  in 
Schermerhorn  Hall,  and  consists  chiefly  of  the  collections  gathered  by 
the  late  Professor  J.  S.  Newberry.  It  is  especially  rich  in  fossil  fishes 
(now  on  deposit  in  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History),  of 
which  it  contains  many  types;  there  is  also  an  unusually  fine  specimen 
of  the  Irish  elk.  The  extensive  collections  of  fossil  plants  formerly 
in  this  museum  are  now  deposited  with  the  New  York  Botanical 
Garden. 

ZOOLOGY.  An  excellent  teaching  collection,  covering  osteology 
embryology,  cytology,  invertebrate  zoology,  etc. 

COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY.    Egleston  Mineralogical  Museum. 

This  collection  is  housed  in  Schermerhorn  Hall  and  is  in  charge  of 
Alfred  J.  Moses.  It  was  formed  in  1864  as  a  working  collection  for  the 
School  of  Mines.  In  1880  it  had  grown  to  13,000  specimens,  in  1890 
to  19,000,  and  in  1900  to  approximately  30,000,  all  carefully  selected 
specimens.  In  addition  to  the  exhibition  series,  which  are  well  in- 
stalled and  completely  cataloged,  there  are  extensive  study  collections 
for  the  use  of  students.  There  is  a  working  library  of  about  1000 
volumes  on  mineralogy  and  crystallography,  intended  for  the  use  of 
the  staff  and  students. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  203 

COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY— TEACHERS  COLLEGE.    Educational 
Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  David  Eugene  Smith;  Assistant,  Sarah  Mitchell 
Neilson. 

COLLECTIONS.  These  include  an  exhibit  of  school  materials  and 
work,  together  with  a  large  loan  collection  of  material  illustrating  the 
historical  development  of  mathematics.  The  special  material  owned 
by  the  museum  relates  to  the  teaching  of  classics,  history,  and  art. 
There  is  a  loan  collection  of  material  used  in  teaching  in  the  various 
grades  of  the  public  schools,  and  a  collection  of  about  2000  current 
text  books  for  elementary  and  secondary  schools,  exhibited  in  the  col- 
lege library.  It  also  possesses  for  circulation  in  the  college  and  its 
schools,  over  8000  photographs  and  pictures,  and  over  10,000  lantern 
slides,  together  with  a  number  of  special  collections  in  household  arts, 
history  of  education,  and  other  branches.  There  is  a  collection  of 
the  work  of  pupils,  preserved  in  scrap  books  for  future  reference.  The 
scrap  book  collection  also  includes  illustrations  of  the  best  known 
schools  in  different  parts  of  the  world. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  had  its  origin  in  the  Child- 
ren's Industrial  Exposition,  held  in  1886.  From  1886  to  1899  a  mus- 
eum room  was  maintained  at  9  University  Place.  In  1899  the  first 
curator  was  appointed  and  systematic  museum  work  commenced. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  serves  three  main  functions:  (i)  As  a 
repository  of  exhibits  showing  the  work  of  various  departments.  (2) 
As  an  agency  to  collect  and  circulate  illustrative  material  for  the  use 
of  the  college  and  its  schools.  (3)  Asa  place  for  temporary  exhibits  of 
an  educational  nature,  about  6  of  these  being  held  during  the  academic 
year. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     From  the  general  budget  of  the  college. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily,  except  Saturdays, 
from  9  to  5.  Saturdays  from  9  to  12  excepting  from  the  close  of  the 
summer  session  to  the  opening  of  the  academic  year. 

COOPER  UNION.    Museum  for  the  Arts  of  Decoration. 

STAFF.  Directors.  Mrs.  Abram  S.  Hewitt,  Mrs.  J.  O.  Green, 
Sarah  Cooper  Hewitt,  Eleanor  G.  Hewitt;  4  custodians. 

ART.  The  collections  include  only  such  articles  as  are  decorative 
in  their  nature,  and  these  are  arranged  to  show  the  historical  develop- 
ment of  ornament  as  applied  to  the  various  artistic  trades.  The 
arrangement  is  chronological  in  centuries,  with  alphabetical  sub-divi- 
sions into  countries  and  further  alphabetical  sub-divisions  into  artists, 
cities,  etc.  The  objects  exhibited  include  sculpture,  prints  and 


2O4  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

engravings,  oil  paintings  of  various  periods,  water  colors,  ceramics, 
a  very  fine  collection  of  textiles  of  various  countries  from  the  4th 
century  to  modern  times,  metal  work,  bronzes,  furniture,  casts  of 
interior  and  exterior  decorative  work,  book  bindings,  enamels,  numis- 
matics, jewelry,  costumes  and  accessories,  prints  of  plants,  trees,  and 
flowers. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  this  museum  was  formed  by 
a  large  collection  of  casts  of  the  best  French  architectural  and  interior 
decorative  motives,  presented  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Abram  S.  Hewitt  and 
their  daughters  in  1889.  The  museum  was  formally  opened  in  May, 
1896. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  Cooper  Union  provides  the  room, 
heat,  light,  and  the  salaries  of  the  custodians,  but  the  collections  are 
increased  by  the  purchases  of  the  museum  directors  themselves  or  by 
donations  of  interested  friends. 

BUILDING.     The  museum  occupies  one  floor  of  the  Cooper  Union. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  of  directors  consisting  of  four  ladies 
who  are  responsible  to  the  trustees  of  the  Cooper  Union. 

SCOPE.  The  collections  are  intended  primarily  for  the  use  of 
the  Cooper  Union  classes  but  are  accessible  to  everybody.  Several 
private  schools  have  sent  their  classes  to  work  in  the  museum;  furni- 
ture makers  have  already  reproduced  many  of  the  pieces  at  consider- 
able profit,  and  thus  have  extended  the  taste  for  the  best  models  of 
different  countries;  and  decorators  have  employed  Cooper  Union 
students  to  sketch  interiors  and  furnishings  in  the  museum  for  exhibi- 
tion to  their  clients. 

LIBRARY.  A  reference  library  on  art  subjects  and  800  encyclo- 
paedic scrap  books  are  accessible  to  the  public  and  the  students. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public,  day  and 
night,  on  201  working  days  during  the  year,  with  the  provision  that 
each  visitor  inscribe  his  name,  address,  and  profession  in  the  admis- 
sion book.  In  the  year  1908-9,  the  total  number  of  visitors,  students, 
and  workers,  was  6627. 

HISPANIC    SOCIETY    OF   AMERICA.      (156th    Street   west    of 
Broadway.) 

The  museum  of  the  society  comprises  a  small  number  of  paintings; 
wood-carving;  silver-work;  ironwork;  ivory  plaques  and  combs  of 
Phenician  origin;  neolithic  and  Roman  pottery;  objects  of  domestic 
use  from  the  Roman  Italica;  ejecutorias  or  patents  of  nobility;  a 
collection  of  Hispano-Moresque  plaques;  examples  of  Buen  Retiro 
ware;  azulejos,  or  glazed  tiles;  Roman  mosaics;  some  160  Spanish 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  2O$ 

incunabula,  beginning  with  a  large  collection  of  the  first  printer  in 
Spain,  Lambert  Palmart  of  Valencia;  a  few  incunabula  of  printers  in 
Italy  and  Germany,  of  interest  for  comparison  or  on  other  grounds; 
autograph  letters  of  Charles  V  and  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington;  a  few 
Latin  and  Hebrew  manuscripts;  manuscripts  of  George  Borrow  and  of 
Robert  Southey;  first  editions  of  the  important  Spanish  authors;  a 
general  Spanish  numismatic  collection;  drawings  by  Vierge.il lustra tive 
of  Don  Quijote;  copies  of  Velazquez;  ecclesiastical  embroideries; 
ancient  maps;  portolans;  prints  and  facsimilies. 

These  collections  are  installed  in  the  galleries  of  the  society's 
building,  where  they  are  open  free  to  the  public  daily,  except  in  the 
month  of  August  and  on  Christmas  and  Thanksgiving,  from  i  to  5. 
The  Hispanic  Society  was  founded  in  1904  by  Mr.  Archer  M.  Hunting- 
ton,  who  has  also  given  the  building  and  collections.  The  society  has 
also  a  very  valuable  library  and  issues  various  .publications. 

METROPOLITAN  MUSEUM  OF  ART. 

STAFF.  Director,  Sir  Caspar  Purdon  Clarke;  Assistant  director, 
Edward  Robinson;  Assistant  secretary,  Henry  W.  Kent;  Curator 
emeritus,  George  H.  Story;  Curators,  Bryson  Burroughs  (paintings), 
Edwrard  Robinson  (classical  art),  Wilhelm  R.  Valentiner  (decorative 
arts),  Bashford  Dean  (arms  and  armor),  John  H.  Buck  (metal  work); 
Assistant  curators,  A.  B.  de  St.  M.  D'Hervilly  (paintings),  Garrett 
Chatfield  Pier  and  Joseph  H.  Breck  (decorative  arts),  Charles  R. 
Gillett  (Egyptian  department  and  Cesnola  collection);  Assistants, 
Gisela  M.  A.  Richter  (classical  art),  Frances  Morris  (in  charge  of 
textiles  and  musical  instruments) ,  Ethel  A.  Pennell  (in  charge  of  photo- 
graphs), Clarence  L.  Hoblitzelle,  Jr.  and  Florence  N.  Levy  (general 
assistants);  European  adviser  on  paintings,  Roger  E.  Fry;  Museum 
instructor,  Marion  E.  Fenton;  Librarian,  William  Clifford;  Assistant 
librarian,  Lucie  E.  Wallace;  Superintendent  of  building,  Conrad 
Hewitt;  Assistant  superintendent,  Walter  F.  Williams. 

ART.  Antiquities:  Etruscan  bronze  chariot,  6th  century  B.  c.; 
Roman  bronze  statue  of  Emperor  Trebonianus  Gallus;  Wall-paintings 
from  Boscoreale;  Cesnola  collection  of  antiquities  from  Cyprus; 
Gold  ornaments,  inscribed  cylinders,  gems,  etc.  Oriental  Art:  Collec- 
tion of  Chinese  porcelains  lent  by  Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan;  Heber  R. 
Bishop  collection  of  jades,  etc. ;  Japanese  arms  and  armor;  E.  C.  Moore 
collection  of  oriental  art.  Western  Art:  Selected  pain  tings;  the  Hoent- 
schel  collection  of  French  Gothic  art  lent  by  Mr.  J.  Pierpont  Morgan; 
the  Hoentschel  collection  of  French  i8th  century  art  given  by  Mr.  Mor- 


206  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

gan;  Dino  and  Ellis  collections  of  arms  and  armor;  Mrs.  S.  P.  Avery 
collection  of  spoons;  Moses  Lazarus  collection  of  fans;  Burgundian 
Gothic  tapestries;  Crosby-Brown  collection  of  musical  instruments; 
Woodwork  and  furniture. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  movement  which  resulted  in  the 
establishment  of  the  museum  was  initiated  by  the  Union  League  Club 
in  1869.  The  institution  was  incorporated  in  April  1870,  and  the 
nucleus  of  the  collections  was  formed  by  the  purchase  of  three  collec- 
tions of  old  masters  in  1871  and  of  the  Cesnola  collections  of  Cypriote 
antiquities,  1872-6.  Prior  to  1880  the  museum  occupied  rented 
quarters,  first  on  Fifth  Avenue  and  then  on  Fourteenth  Street,  and 
the  present  building  was  opened  to  the  public  in  1880. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  has  the  following  sources  of 
income:  endowment;  city  appropriation,  optional  within  fixed  limits, 
in  1909,  $200,000;  memberships,  $45,860;  admission  fees,  $11,622.50; 
sale  of  publications,  $8,759.93.  The  administration  expenses  for  1909 
exceeded  $285,000. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1874,  and  opened  to  the  public  in  1880. 
It  has  since  grown  to  about  seven  times  its  original  size  and  still  further 
additions  are  in  progress.  All  additions  have  been  constructed  and 
equipped  by  the  city,  whose  property  they  are. 

ADMINISTRATION.    By  a  board  of  trustees. 

LIBRARY.  15,000  volumes  on  the  fine  arts  and  archeology, 
housed  in  a  separate  library  building,  and  used  by  the  public  as  well 
as  by  the  staff.  There  are  large  supplementary  collections  of  photo- 
graphs. 

PUBLICATIONS.  These  include  annual  reports  (1871  to  date), 
photographs,  circulars  of  information,  catalogs,  and  a  monthly 
Bulletin. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  public  daily,  from  10  to  6  in  summer 
and  5  in  winter  (on  Saturdays  from  10  to  10  and  Sundays  i  to  6). 
Admission  is  free  except  on  Mondays  and  Fridays  when  an  entrance 
fee  of  25  cents  is  charged  to  all  except  members,  copyists,  and  teachers 
with  classes. 

NEW  YORK  BOTANICAL  GARDEN.     (Bronx  Park.) 

STAFF.  Director-in-chief,  N.  L.  Britton;  Assistant  director,  W. 
A.  Murrill;  Head  curator,  John  K.  Small;  Curators,  P.  A.  Rydberg, 
Arthur  Hollick,  Marshall  A.  Howe,  H.  H.  Rusby  (economic  collec- 
tions); Museum  custodian,  Arthur  J.  Corbett;  Head  gardener,  George 
V.  Nash;  Director  of  the  laboratories,  Fred  J.  Seaver;  Librarian, 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  207 

John  H.  Barnhart;  Consulting  chemist,  W.  J.  Gies;  Superintendent, 
F.  A.  Schilling;  Landscape  engineer,  John  R.  Brinley;  Clerk  and  ac- 
countant, W.  S.  Groesbeck;  Administrative  assistant,  Percy  Wilson. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  5oo,ooo±,  including  several  thousand 
types  and  figured  specimens;  Phanerogams,  75o,ooo±,  including 
several  thousand  types  and  figured  specimens.  There  is  a  special 
local  herbarium  of  10,000  specimens;  an  economic  and  a  systematic 
museum,  each  containing  many  thousand  specimens;  public  green- 
houses containing  8000  species  and  races;  a  systematic  herbaceous 
garden  of  2500  species;  a  fruiticetum  of  700  species  and  races;  an 
arboretum  of  520  species  and  races;  an  economic  garden  of  150  species; 
a  morphologic  garden  of  100  species;  and  numerous  special  and  decora- 
tive plantations. 

Many  of  the  herbarium  and  garden  collections  are  related  to 
commerce  and  industry;  portions  of  the  collections  illustrate  geograph- 
ical distribution.  There  are  also  within  the  grounds  examples  of 
glaciated  rock  surfaces,  transplanted  boulders,  river  terraces,  a  post- 
glacial gorge,  exposures  of  gneissic  and  schistose  rocks,  and  other 
features  of  geologic  interest. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Fossil  plants,  on  exhibition,  3700,  in  storage, 
10,300,  types  and  figured  specimens,  1000.  Nearly  all  of  the  specimens 
in  storage  are  accessible  for  study  purposes. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Income  from  endowment,  $13,500;  city 
appropriations  for  maintenance,  $75,000;  memberships,  $9500;  gifts, 
in  1908,  about  $9300;  sale  of  publications,  $1400.  The  city  is  required 
by  its  charter  to  maintain  the  garden  but  the  amount  of  the  appro- 
priation is  not  fixed. 

BUILDINGS.  The  buildings  have  been  erected  since  1898  by  the 
city  at  a  cost  of  about  $700,000.  There  is  40,000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  available  for  the  museum,  25,000  for  the  laboratories,  library, 
offices,  workrooms,  etc.,  and  60,000  for  the  public  conservatories. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  a  board  of  managers. 

SCOPE.  Exploration,  research,  maintenance  of  local  collections, 
college  and  public  school  teaching,  and  instruction  of  the  general 
public. 

LIBRARY.  21,230  bound  volumes  and  many  thousand  pamphlets 
on  botany  and  horticulture,  intended  primarily  for  the  use  of  the 
staff. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Journal  of  the  New  York  Botanical  Gar- 
den, published  monthly,  10  volumes  issued.  (2)  Mycologia, 
published  bi-monthly,  first  volume  begun  in  1909.  (3)  Bulletin  of 


2t)8  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

the  New  York  Botanical  Garden,  6  volumes  issued  to  1909.  (4) 
North  American  Flora,  planned  to  be  complete  in  30  volumes, 
12  parts  issued  to  1909.  (5)  Memoirs  of  the  New  York  Botanical 
Garden,  4  volumes  issued.  (6)  Contributions  from  the  New  York 
Botanical  Garden,  4  volumes  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  10  to  5.  No 
record  of  attendance  kept. 

THE  NEW  YORK  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY (170  Central  Park  West.) 

This  society,  founded  in  1804,  maintains  collections  comprising 
76  pieces  of  sculpture,  a  collection  of  New  York  prints,  and  944  oil 
paintings.  Among  special  collections  may  be  mentioned  the  Peter 
Marie  collection  of  miniatures  consisting  of  portraits  of  American 
women,  the  Bryan  gallery  of  old  masters,  the  collection  of  the  New 
York  Gallery  of  Fine  Arts,  the  Dlirr  gallery,  the  Abbott  collection  of 
Egyptian  antiquities,  and  the  Lenox  collection  of  Nineveh  sculptures. 

The  society  maintains  a  library  of  150,000  volumes  on  American 
history  and  publishes  a  series  of  Collections  containing  material  on 
American  history. 

NEW  YORK  PUBLIC  LIBRARY.    Lenox  Branch.     (Fifth  Avenue 
and  70th  Street.) 

The  library  has  two  galleries:  (i)  the  Lenox  gallery,  containing 
150  paintings,  several  marble  statues,  and  other  objects  of  art;  (2) 
the  Stuart  gallery,  containing  242  paintings  and  one  piece  of  Gobelin 
tapestry,  13^  X  21 J  feet  in  size.  These  collections  are  maintained 
but  not  increased  by  the  New  York  Public  Library.  There  are  catalogs 
of  each  collection,  but  no  other  publications  relating  to  them. 

It  is  expected  that  this  collection  will  be  moved  to. a  new  library 
building  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  42nd  Street,  in  1911. 

NEW  YORK  UNIVERSITY. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  the  museums  of  the  university,  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to 
comprise  ethnological  collections,  1500  minerals,  8000  specimens  of 
economic  geology,  16,000  fossils,  and  zoological  specimens  which  are 
especially  rich  in  Bermuda  material. 

NEW  YORK  ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY.  Aquarium.  (Battery  Park. ) 

STAFF.  Director,  Charles  Haskins  Townsend;  Assistant  direc- 
tor, R.  C.  Osburn;  Assistants,  L.  B.  Spencer  (fresh-water  collec- 
tions), W.  I.  DeMyse  (marine  collections);  i  clerk  and  stenographer 
i  foreman,  3  engineers,  3  fire  men,  3  filter  men,  and  15  attendants. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  2OQ 

AQUARIA.  These  contain  a  total  of  3000-4000  specimens? 
including:  Pishes,  2oo±  species  (fresh-water  and  marine) ;  Batrachians, 
3O±  species;  Reptiles,  4o±  species;  Mammals,  3  to  5  species;  a  few 
aquatic  insects  and  numerous  marine  invertebrates.  The  laboratory 
contains  many  small  self-sustaining  aquaria. 

FISH  HATCHERY.  Maintained  as  a  fish-cultural  exhibit  and 
producing  yearly  from  3  to  8  million  young  food  and  game  fishes,  which 
are  afterwards  deposited  in  New  York  State  waters.  Fish  eggs  are 
supplied  by  the  United  States  bureau  of  fisheries  from  government 
hatcheries. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  aquarium  was  opened  to  the  public 
in  1896,  under  the  control  of  the  park  department.  On  November  i, 
1902,  its  management  was  transferred  from  the  department  of  parks 
to  the  New  York  Zoological  Society. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  appropriation  of  $45,000  from 
the  city,  extra  appropriations  sometimes  being  made  for  improvements. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1807  by  the  United  States  Government 
as  a  fort,  known  as  West  Battery,  and  after  the  war  of  1812  as  Castle 
Clinton;  in  1822,  ceded  by  Congress  to  the  city  of  New  York,  and  used 
as  a  place  of  amusement  called  Castle  Garden.  Many  events  of  his- 
torical interest  occurred  here.  From  1855  to  1891,  used  by  the  Bureau 
of  Immigration  as  a  landing  station  for  immigrants;  opened  as  an 
aquarium  in  1896. 

The  building  is  circular  in  form,  with  a  diameter  of  205  feet,  and 
contains,  besides  the  large  exhibition  hall,  6  large  offices  and  workrooms. 
It  has  7  large  floor  pools,  the  largest  being  37  feet  in  diameter,  and  7 
feet  deep,  94  large  wall  tanks,  and  30  smaller  tanks:  It  is  equipped  for 
heating  sea  water  for  tropical  fishes  in  winter  and  has  a  refrigerating 
plant  for  cooling  fresh  water  in  summer.  The  salt-water  wall  tanks  are 
supplied  from  a  reservoir  holding  100,000  gallons  of  pure  stored  sea 
water.  This  water,  brought  in  by  steamer,  is  used  as  a  "closed  cir- 
culation," the  water  being  pumped  through  the  exhibition  tanks  and 
falling  thence,  through  sand  filters,  back  to  the  reservoir. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  New  York 
Zoological  Society  through  its  executive  committee. 

SCOPE.  Entertainment  and  instruction  of  the  general  public 
and  of  the  pupils  of  the  city  schools.  On  Monday  forenoons  it  is 
closed  to  the  public  and  its  facilities  placed  at  the  disposal  of  teachers 
with  their  classes.  Small  aquaria  have  been  placed  in  300  schools  of 
the  city  and  teachers  are  supplied  with  the  surplus  zoological  material. 
The  research  laboratory  is  used  by  the  staff  and  by  university 


2IO  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

students  and  professors  engaged  in  marine  biological  research.  A 
photographic  room  provides  for  the  making  of  pictures  of  aquatic 
animals. 

LIBRARY.  A  working  library  of  about  700  volumes  on  ichthy- 
ology, marine  zoology,  fisheries,  and  aquatic  life  in  general. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Annual  reports  and  occasional  bulletins,  issued 
as  publications  of  the  New  York  Zoological  Society.  The  first  volume 
of  a  proposed  New  York  Aquarium  Nature  Series  has  already  appeared 
under  the  title  of  "Sea-Shore  Life,"  Mayer. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily,  April-October, 
from  9  to  5;  November-March,  10  to  4;  closed  on  Monday  forenoons 
except  to  classes,  and  to  members  of  the  society.  The  attendance  in 
1909  was  3,803,501,  with  a  daily  average  of  10,417.  The  attendance 
for  the  past  13  years  exceeds  25,500,000. 

NEW  YORK  ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY.     Zoological  Park.     (Bronx 
Park.) 

STAFF.  Director  and  general  curator,  William  T.  Hornaday; 
Chief  clerk  and  disbursing  officer,  H.  R.  Mitchell ;  Curator  of  reptiles 
and  assistant  curator  of  mammals,  Raymond  L.  Ditmars;  Curator  of 
birds,  C.  William  Beebe;  Chief  forester  and  constructor,  H.  W.  Merkel; 
Veterinarian,  W.  Reid  Blair;  Civil  engineer,  George  M.  Beerbower; 
Photographer  and  assistant  editor,  Elwin  R.  Sanborn;  Assistant  to 
chief  clerk,  William  I.  Mitchell.  Permanent  employees:  General  ad- 
ministration, 19;  Care  of  animal  collections,  29;  Maintenance  and 
repairs,  31 ;  Care  of  grounds,  56. 

COLLECTIONS.  Batrachians  and  reptiles,  1308  specimens,  rep- 
resenting 198  species;  Birds,  2880  specimens,  representing  665  species; 
Mammals,  812  specimens,  representing  254  species. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  New  York  Zoological  Society  was  in- 
corporated in  1895  for  the  purpose  of  maintaining  a  public  zoological 
park  for  the  preservation  of  native  animals  and  for  the  promotion 
of  zoology.  The  final  plan  for  the  zoological  park  was  approved 
November  22,  1897,  and  the  society  assumed  control  of  the  grounds 
July  i,  1898.  The  first  building  was  begun  August  n,  1898,  and  the 
park  was  formally  opened  to  the  public  November  9,  1899. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  A  city  appropriation  for  maintenance  of 
park  and  collections,  amounting  in  1910  to $167, 632,  supplemented  by 
the  income  of  the  Zoological  Society  from  memberships,  amounting 
in  1909  to  $26,753. 

BUILDINGS  AND  GROUNDS.  Large  animal  buildings  (all  heated), 
12;  Small  animal  buildings  (4  heated),  14;  Large  groups  of  outdoor 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  211 

dens,  aviaries,  and  corrals,  12;  Animal  storehouses,  for  winter  use,  3; 
Restaurants,  2;  'Public-comfort  buildings,  6;  Entrances,  8;  Area  of 
park  land  and  water,  264  acres;  Area  of  water,  30  acres;  Walks  and 
roads,  7.78  miles;  Fences,  10.55  rniles. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  executive 
committee  of  the  New  York  Zoological  Society. 

LIBRARY.  The  creation  of  a  library  of  vertebrate  zoolcrgy  for  the 
use  of  both  staff  and  public  was  seriously  begun  in  1910. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  society  issues  an  annual  report,  a  quarterly 
bulletin,  and  Zoologica  at  intervals. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  pubilc  daily  from  9  (Nov.  i-May  i, 
from  10)  to  a.  half  hour  before  surset.  On  Mondays  and  Thursdays 
(except  when  these  are  holidays)  admissions  of  25  and  15  cents  are 
charged.  At  all  other  times  admission  is  free.  The  attendance  in 
1909  was  1,614,953:  from  January  i,  1900,  to  January  i,  1910,  there 
was  a  total  attendance  of  10,913,528. 

THE  PENNSYLVANIA  SOCIETY.       (218  Fulton  Street.) 

The  society  maintains  small  historical  collections  which  it  hopes 
ultimately  to  develop  into  a  museum. 

NIAGARA: 

NIAGARA  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  the  following  museum  collections  for 
teaching  purposes:  60  anthropological  specimens,  100  numismatic 
specimens,  a  herbarium  of  300  native  plants,  400  minerals,  2000  fos- 
sils, and  130  zoological  specimens. 

POUGHKEEPSIE: 

VASSAR  COLLEGE. 

STAFF.  Curators,  A.  L.  Treadwell  (natural  history),  L.  F. 
Pilcher  (art). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  350  specimens  of  arrowheads,  etc.  from  the 
United  States;  the  Ermine  A.  Smith  collection  of  200  ethnologic 
specimens  of  the  Zuni  Indians;  the  Orton  collection  of  120  specimens 
from  South  America,  including  valuable  pottery,  an  ancient  Peruvian 
mummy,  and  a  compressed  human  head  from  the  Amazon;  100  other 
archeologic  and  ethnologic  specimens. 

ART.  Oil  paintings,  water  colors,  Arundel  prints,  and  an  extensive 
collection  of  casts. 


212  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  2000;  Phanerogams,  45oo±.  The  de- 
partment includes  the  Merrill  collection  of  1000  ferns;  100  Hawaiian 
ferns;  a  general  herbarium  of  1500  specimens;  and  ico  plants,  in  many 
cases  with  open  flowers,  preserved  in  alcohol.  As  an  adjunct  to  the 
museum  the  Eleanor  conservatory  contains  about  1500  plants  repre- 
senting the  leading  families. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals  and  rocks,  2572;  Dynamic  geology,  relief 
maps,  models,  etc.,  50;  Microscopic  sections  of  rocks,  100. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrate,  vertebrate,  and  plant  fossils,  on 
exhibition,  1625,  in  storage,  2ioo±.  This  collection  includes  skeletons 
of  a  mastodon  and  a  moa;  100  fine  sections  of  American  fossil  bryozoa; 
and  50  species  of  fossil  ostracoid  entomostraca. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  5oo±,  in  storage,  6000;  Insects, 
5oo±;  Other  invertebrates,  30o±;  Fishes,  4o±;  Batrachians,  ioo±; 
Reptiles,  ioo±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  2500=!=,  in  storage,  i22±; 
Mammals,  i4o±.  The  collection  of  birds  includes  the  types  of  Ster- 
corarius  pomerinus  (Audubon  specimen),  Icterus  graceaurcea,  and 
Merula  hauxwelli.  Especially  valuable  specimens  are  the  great  auk 
which  served  as  the  original  of  Audubon's  plate,  a  male  Labrador  duck, 
and  several  ivory-billed  woodpeckers  and  Carolina  parakeets.  These 
specimens  were  in  the  collection  of  J.  J.  Giraud,  who  was  a  friend  of 
Audubon  and  obtained  some  of  his  specimens  from  him. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  college  grants  annually  $650  to  each 
of  the  two  divisions  of  the  museum  (art  and  natural  history).  There 
is  also  a  fund  of  $2000  left  by  J.  J.  Giraud,  the  income  of  which  is 
used  for  the  extension  of  the  collection  of  North  American  birds. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  curators,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trustees 
through  the  president  of  the  college. 

SCOPE.     The  purpose  of  the  museum  is  college  teaching. 

ROCHESTER: 

ROCHESTER  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

The  academy  has  botanical  and  zoological  collections  deposited 
in  the  museum  of  the  University  of  Rochester. 

ROCHESTER  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

In  addition  to  a  library  of  several  thousand  volumes  on  local 
American  history,  the  society  maintains  a  collection  of  Indian  relics 
and  other  anthropological  material;  portraits  of  local  celebrities  and 
other  prints  and  paintings  of  a  historical  nature.  The  collection  is  in 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  213 

charge  of  W.  H.  Samson,  chairman  of  library  committee,  N.  S.  Olds, 
curator,  and  R.  T.  Webster,  assistant  curator. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ROCHESTER.     Museums. 

STAFF.  Curators,  H.  L.  Fairchild  (geology  and  paleontology), 
Charles  Wright  Dodge  (botany  and  zoology). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  A  small  but  well  authenticated  collection  of 
flint  and  bronze  instruments  from  the  drift  region  of  Abbeville  and 
St.  Acheul  in  France;  stone  implements  from  Copenhagen;  North 
American  stone  implements,  including  the  Lewis  H.  Morgan  collection 
relating  to  North  American  Indians,  mound  builders,  and  cliff  dwellers; 
and  specimens  of  pottery  from  the  tombs  of  the  Incas. 

BOTANY.  A  general  teaching  collection  and  the  following  special 
collections:  flowering  plants  and  ferns  of  Monroe  County,  New  York, 
and  a  general  collection  of  ferns  deposited  by  the  Rochester  Academy 
of  Science;  the  Huntley  collection  of  New  Zealand  ferns ;  several 
hundred  species  of  the  smaller  fungi. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  5000,  in  storage,  iooo±; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  3000,  in  storage,  iooo± ;  Economic  collections, 
etc.,  2ooo±.  Most  of  the  material  in  this  department  is  a  part  of  the 
Ward  collections,  accumulated  during  many  years  of  extensive  travel 
and  forming  one  of  the  best  geological  museums  jn  the  country. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  There  are  25,ooo±  fossils  on  exhibition  and 
iooo±  in  storage,  including  about  8000  European  species.  The  col- 
lection is  particularly  rich  in  ammonites  and  tertiary  mollusks.  There 
are  a  large  number  of  Ward  casts,  and  a  collection  of  carboniferous 
plants  made  by  Professor  Fairchild  in  the  Wyoming  and  Lackawanna 
coal  basin. 

ZOOLOGY.  This  collection  was  established  in  1890,  and  includes 
the  Ward  collection  of  South  American  birds  and  mammals;  the  Charles 
Andrews  memorial  collection  of  Monroe  County  snails;  a  large  collec- 
tion of  mollusks  deposited  by  Charles  M.  Robinson;  a  collection  of 
land  and  water  shells  of  Monroe  County,  deposited  by  the  Rochester 
Academy  of  Science;  the  Eaton  and  Wilbur  collection  of  500  specimens 
illustrating  175  species  of  birds  of  Western  New  York;  a  large  collec- 
tion of  bird  eggs  and  nests;  a  collection  of  butterflies  and  moths  de- 
posited by  the  Rochester  Academy  of  Science  and  the  valuable 
Watson  collection  illustrating  protective  resemblance  and  allied 
phenomena  among  insects;  and  the  Lewis  H.  Morgan  collection,  con- 
taining the  original  specimens  used  in  illustrating  his  monograph  on 
"The  American  Beaver  and  his  Works." 


214  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  greater  part  of  the  material  in  the 
geological  and  paleontological  collections  was  accumulated  by  the 
late  Henry  A.  Ward  and  was  purchased  in  1862  for  the  university 
through  the  generosity  of  citizens  of  Rochester,  at  a  cost  of  $20,000. 
It  includes  about  40,000  specimens  of  the  finest  quality,  mostly  foreign, 
handsomely  mounted  and  labeled. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     From  the  general  funds  of  the  university. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  of  geology  and  paleontology  is  located 
on  the  second  floor  of  Sibley  Hall;  the  museums  of  botany  and  zoology 
are  on  the  third  floor  of  the  Eastman  laboratories. 

SCOPE.  College  teaching,  supplemented  by  public  school  work 
and  instruction  of  the  general  public. 

WARD'S  NATURAL  SCIENCE  ESTABLISHMENT. 

This  is  a  commercial  company  incorporated  under  the  laws  of 
New  York  for  the  purpose  of  collecting,  preparing,  and  dealing  in 
objects  of  natural  history.  This  has  been  the  chief  supply  house  for 
American  museums  for  more  than  forty-five  years. 

STAFF.  President,  Frank  A.  Ward;  Treasurer,  Edward  S.  Ward; 
and  an  average  of  20  employees,  including  mineralogists,  paleontolo- 
gists, conchologists,  osteologists,  taxidermists,  etc. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  5ooo±  articles  of  war,  utility,  ceremony,  and 
adornment  of  ancient  and  modern  races  from  all  parts  of  the  world, 
also  a  large  series  of  aboriginal  skulls  and  skeletons. 

BOTANY.     Models  illustrating  the  anatomy  of  plants. 

GEOGRAPHY.    A  series  of  relief  maps. 

GEOLOGY.  160,000  minerals  from  all  parts  of  the  world;  a  large 
collection  of  meteorites ;  2  2 ,000  specimens  illustrating  general  petrology, 
physical,  dynamic,  and  stratigraphic  geology;  a  special  series  of  125 
specimens  from  typical  localities  of  the  New  York  formations;  relief 
maps  and  models  of  interesting  geologic  regions  of  the  United  States 
and  foreign  countries;  models  illustrating  dynamic  and  structural 
geology. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  150,000  specimens  of  all  geologic  ages  from  all 
parts  of  the  world;  1024  casts  of  celebrated  fossils,  many  of  the  orig- 
inals of  which  are  in  the  royal  museums  of  Europe;  100  different  models 
and  charts. 

ZOOLOGY.  137,000  specimens,  including  mounted  specimens  and 
skeletons  of  the  various  groups;  human  skeletons,  anatomical  models, 
charts,  and  diagrams  for  classroom  work ;  a  general  collection  of  1 25,000 
specimens  of  zoology  representing  over  5000  species  and  including 
corals,  Crustacea,  other  invertebrates,  birds,  and  mammals. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  215 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  about  4  acres,  established 
in  1902,  containing  4  reptiles,  413  birds,  and  108  mammals. 

SCHENECTADY: 

SGHENEGTADY  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  in  1905  and  has  established  .a  museum 
which  contains  at  present  about  150  articles  of  historical  interest,  be- 
sides 721  documents,  manuscripts,  maps,  letters,  etc. 

UNION  COLLEGE.    Natural  History  Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  James  H.  Stoller;  Honorary  curator  of  the 
Wheatley  collection  of  minerals,  Daniel  S.  Martin. 

ART.  There  are  in  the  library  building  a  number  of  original 
alabaster  slabs  from  Nineveh,  including  2  large  winged  figures. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  local  ferns  and  flowering  plants, 
including  the  J.  B.  Ellis  collection  of  2300  fungi;  also  a  considerable 
number  of  foreign  plants  from  Germany,  Spain,  Asia  Minor,  Switzer- 
land, France,  England,  Iceland,  and  Norway. 

GEOLOGY.  The  Wheatley  collection  of  3000  minerals  on  exhibi- 
tion and  1000  in  storage;  a  considerable  collection  of  rocks.  The  Wheat- 
ley  collection,  presented  to  the  college  in  1858,  has  recently  been  revised 
and  supplemented  by  specimens  presented  by  Dr.  Martin  and  by  Mr. 
Alfred  H.  Brooks.  In  addition  to  an  excellent  general  collection  it 
includes  fine  crystallized  charcoal  chalcocites  from  Bristol,  Connecti- 
cut, an  excellent  series  from  the  Perkiomen  copper  mine,  and  a  col- 
lection of  lead  ores,  calcites,  and  crystallized  b&rites  from  the  Wheat- 
ley  lead  mine  at  Phcenixville,  Pennsylvania,  probably  unequaied  in 
the  world. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  Wheatley  collection  of  3000  shells,  a  large  collec- 
tion of  marine  Annelida  made  by  H.  S.  Webster,  311  mounted  birds, 
and  small  collections  in  other  groups. 

The  museum  occupies  one  floor  of  the  library  building,  and  is 
supported  by  a  small  annual  appropriation  from  the  college. 

SCHOHARIE: 

SCHOHARIE  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  miscellaneous  loan  collection  of  1386 
specimens,  and  3  special  collections  comprising  (i)  326  minerals,  crys- 
tals, gems,  etc.:  (2)  1060  implements  of  the  stone  age;  (3)  57  North 
American  bird  eggs — owned  and  loaned  by  D.  A.  Hitchman  of  Scho- 


2l6  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

harie.  These  collections  are  housed  in  the  old  stone  fort,  built  in  1772 
by  the  Reformed  Protestant  High  Dutch  as  a  house  of  worship,  and 
granted  to  the  free  use  of  the  society  in  the  year  of  its  organization, 
1888.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  the  curator,  Henry  Cady. 

SILVER  BAY: 

PAINE  PRIVATE  MUSEUM. 

This  museum  comprises  a  very  complete  collection  of  the  fauna, 
flora,  geology,  and  history  of  the  Lake  George  region.  All  birds  and 
mammals  are  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings  with  nests  or  burrows, 
and  eggs  or  young.  This  department  includes  over  300  birds,  a  few 
fishes,  and  all  the  mammals  which  now  inhabit  the  locality.  In  history 
there  are  about  2000  specimens  of  firearms,  implements,  etc.  of  the 
old  French  and  Revolutionary  wars,  and  about  1200  portraits  of  men 
and  women  who  participated  in  the  events  of  those  times.  There  are 
also  4000-5000  prehistoric  implements  from  local  sites,  and  a  library 
of  about  600  volumes  pertaining  to  the  history  of  the  Lake  George 
and  Lake  Champlain  region.  This  museum  is  the  property  of  Mr. 
Silas  H.  Paine  and  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  6. 

SKANEATELES: 

SKANEATELES  LIBRARY  ASSOCIATION.    Barrow  Art  Gallery. 

A  collection  of  318  oil  paintings,  the  work  of  the  late  John  D. 
Barrow,  was  given  to  the  association,  with  the  building  containing  the 
collection,  in  1905,  and  is  administered  by  it  for  the  benefit  of  the  people 
of  the  town.  The  gallery  is  open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  9  to  9. 

The  association  possesses  also  natural  history  collections,  includ- 
ing the  ferns  of  Onondaga  County,  presented  by  Mrs.  Joseph  C. 
Willets,  and  local  geological  and  paleontological  material,  collected 
and  presented  by  the  late  Ezra  B.  Knapp,  representing  a  value  of 
about  $2000. 

SOUTHAMPTON,  LONG  ISLAND: 
SOUTHAMPTON  ART  MUSEUM. 

This  museum,  though  incorporated,  is  a  private  collection,  which 
is  open  free  to  the  public  without  restriction  of  any  kind.  It  was 
established  by  the  owner,  Samuel  L.  Parrish,  in  1897,  with  the  intent 
of  embodying  and  illustrating  the  spirit  of  the  Italian  renaissance  and 
contains  about  50  original  paintings  and  12  copies,  together  with  about 
100  reproductions  in  marble,  terra  cotta.  and  plaster  of  Greek  and 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  2iy 

renaissances  culpture,  and  marble  and  terra  cotta  reproductions  of 
furniture,  etc. 

The  museum  building,  erected  1896-7,  with  an  addition  by 
James  C.  Parrish  in  1903,  is  surrounded  by  several  acres  of  garden  in 
which  the  trees,  numbering  about  175  varieties,  are  labeled  with  their 
botanical  and  common  names. 

A  library  of  about  100  volumes  on  art  and  travel  is  also  accessible 
to  the  public  and  in  the  main  hall  of  the  museum  building,  which 
contains  a  pipe  organ,  free  lectures  on  general  educational  subjects 
and  musical  entertainments  are  given  from  time  to  time. 

Mr.  Parrish  has  published  a  historical,  biographical,  and  descrip- 
tive catalog  of  the  museum. 

SYRACUSE: 

ONONDAGA  HISTORICAL   ASSOCIATION.      (311   Montgomery 
Street.) 

This  association  maintains  a  collection  of  historical  objects  and 
antiques  illustrative  of  American  history,  life,  customs,  and  manners; 
portraits  of  famous  Americans  and  prominent  Onondagans;  and 
specimens  illustrating  the  flora  of  Onondaga  County.  These  collec- 
tions occupy  five  floors  of  the  society's  building  and  were  first  exhibited 
to  the  public  in  1863.  About  ten  years  later  they  were  retired  from 
public  view  and  again  opened  to  visitors  in  1894.  The  library  of  the 
association  contains  2500  volumes,  chiefly  Americana,  and  both  library 
and  museum  are  open  free  to  the  public. 

SYRACUSE  MUSEUM  OF  FINE  ARTS. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  this  museum. 

SYRACUSE  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  a  museum,  in  charge  of  Charles  W.  Har- 
gitt,  professor  of  zoology,  Thomas  C.  Hopkins,  professor  of  geology, 
and  Wm.  L.  Bray,  professor  of  botany;  which  is  at  present  in  process 
of  transfer  into  new  buildings  not  yet  furnished  for  museum  purposes. 

BOTANY.     Cryptogams,  1000;  Phanerogams,  5000. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  2000,  in  storage,  3000;  Rocks, 
1000 ;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  30;  a  collection  of 
calcites  said  to  be  the  finest  in  the  United  States  outside  of  Albany. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  A  reference  collection  of  680  cataloged  speci- 
mens chiefly  invertebrates ;  Ward  casts  of  fossil  vertebrates. 


2l8  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  8000;  Other  invertebrates,  500,  including  25 
types  and  figured  specimens,  chiefly  coelenterates;  Fishes,  200; 
Batrachians,  50;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  300;  Mammals,  25. 

TROY: 

RENSSELAER  POLYTECHNIC  INSTITUTE. 

The  institute  maintains  a  suitable  teaching  collection,  including 
approximately  1500  fossils,  5000  minerals,  3000  rocks,  10,000  shells. 
a  small  number  of  other  animals,  a  herbarium  of  5000  plants,  300 
specimens  of  woods,  a  small  ethnological  collection,  and  a  series  of 
relief  models  and  maps.  This  material  is  in  charge  of  John  M.  Clarke, 
professor  of  geology. 

UTICA: 

ONEIDA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  has  a  collection  of  articles  of  local  historical  interest 
in  the  Munson  Williams  Memorial  building,  the  home  of  the  society, 
where  it  also  maintains  a  historical  library. 

WATERLOO: 

WATERLOO  LIBRARY  AND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

In  addition  to  a  general  library  of  8000  volumes  this  society  has  a 
collection  including  iioo±  anthropological  specimens;  a  few  oil  paint- 
ings ;  coins  of  the  United  States  and  other  nations ;  200  old  or  rare  books ; 
a  collection  of  rocks;  and  maps,  documents,  and  other  material  of 
local  historical  interest.  The  society  receives  an  annual  income  of 
$500  from  endowment.  $100  from  the  state,  and  $100  from  member- 
ships and  entertainments. 

WATERTOWN: 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain  a  museum  of  local 
history  in  a  room  in  the  Flower  Memorial  Library. 

WEST  POINT: 

UNITED  STATES  MILITARY  ACADEMY. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  A  few  implements  of  the  stone  age,  and  a 
small  collection  of  Indian  pottery. 

ART.     The  library  contains  portraits  of  Jefferson,  Monroe,  and 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  2IQ 

nine  army  officers  by  Thomas  Sully;  a  bronze  equestrian  statue  of 
Washington  by  R.  S.  Greenough;  a  bronze  portrait  bust  of  General 
Sherman  by  St.  Gaudens;  marble  busts  of  Frederick  the  Great  and 
von  Moltke  (the  gifts  of  the  German  Emperor)  and  of  Washington, 
Lafayette,  and  Napoleon;  and  plaster  busts  of  the  most  famous 
military  commanders  of  the  world.  A  marble  stele  by  St.  ^Gaudens 
commemorates  the  artist  Whistler  and  a  marble  door-way  and  tablet 
the  poet,  Edgar  Allen  Poe.  A  number  of  bronze  and  plaster  medals 
are  owned  also.  The  library's  collection  of  80,000  volumes  includes 
many  important  works  on  architecture  and  other  arts. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  4500;  Rocks,  644.  There  is  also  a  collec- 
tion of  several  thousand  specimens  of  minerals  and  rocks  for  labor- 
atory use. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  8500;  Vertebrates  (chiefly 
fishes),  150;  Plants,  200.  This  collection  includes  112  fossils  from 
the  Solenhofen  limestone;  200  plant  leaves  from  the  Dakota  cret- 
aceous; and  a  good  general  collection: 

ORDNANCE.  This  collection  includes  implements  of  present  and 
past  military  service  and  is  probably  of  more  general  interest  than 
the  other  collections,  which  are  maintained  for  teaching  purposes. 


NORTH  CAROLINA 

CHAPEL  HILL: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

The  university  has  teaching  collections  in  lithology  and  economic 
geology,  and  has  access  to  the  collections  of  the  state  geological  sur- 
vey. There  are  also  small  collections  in  other  departments. 

CONCORD: 

SCOTIA  SEMINARY. 

The  seminary  has  a  considerable  collection  of  minerals. 

DAVIDSON: 

DAVIDSON  COLLEGE. 

In  addition  to  a  general  teaching  collection  the  college  possesses 
the  Brumby  collection  comprising  about  1200  minerals,  3500  fossils, 
and  2000  shells.  It  was  acquired  by  the  college  about  1870. 


220  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

DURHAM: 

TRINITY  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  small  teaching  collections,  including  a 
good  collection  of  bird  skins,  skeletons  for  use  in  the  study  of  compara- 
tive anatomy,  and  local  collections  of  shells  and  other  invertebrates 
from  Beaufort,  N.  C.  and  Woods  Hole,  Mass.  .  The  collection  is  in 
charge  of  James  J.  Wolfe,  professor  of  biology,  but  has  no  regular 
funds  for  .development. 

TRINITY  COLLEGE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
concerning  this  society,  which  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  maintain  a 
collection  of  portraits  and  articles  of  local  historical  interest  in  the 
library  of  Trinity  College. 

RALEIGH: 

NORTH  CAROLINA  STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Curator,  H.  H.  Brimley ;  Assistant  curator,  T.  W.  Adickes; 
Director  of  hall  of  history,  F.  A.  Olds;  Usher,  A.  H.  Lewis;  i  janitor, 
i  night  watchman,  and  i  engineer. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  About  1000  objects  relating  to  the  native  races 
of  North  Carolina. 

ART.  i  case  of  chinaware,  illustrating  the  possibilities  of  North 
Carolina  kaolin. 

BOTANY.  60  jars  of  native  forest  seeds;  322  specimens  of  native 
woods;  500  jars  of  native  medicinal  plants;  and  5oo±  forestry  speci- 
mens in  storage. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  A  small  collection  of  kalmia  and 
rhododendron  blocks  illustrating  the  " briar"  pipe  industry;  collec- 
tions illustrating  the  turpentine  industry  and  the  possibilities  of 
ornamental  native  woods;  a  large  collection  of  agricultural  and  horti- 
cultural specimens  and  photographs;  building  stones  of  North  Carolina; 
a  large  series  of  photographs  and  transparencies  illustrating  many  of 
the  industries  of  the  state. 

EDUCATION.  An  over-crowded  exhibit  occupying  300  square  feet 
of  floor  space  devoted  to  the  public  schools  of  North  Carolina. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  2400,  in  storage,  many  hun- 
dred; Rocks, 600;  Relief  maps,  i;  Native  ores  and  economic  minerals, 
on  exhibition,  3000,  in  storage,  many  hundred;  Native  building  and 
ornamental  stones,  128;  Meteorites,  a  small  collection;  Diamond  drill 
cores  and  artesian  well  borings.  Special  attention  is  given  to  the  non- 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  221 

metallic  economic  minerals,  including  talc,  corundum,  kaolin,  mica, 
monazite,  semi-precious  stones,  and  native  gold. 

HISTORY.  7000  objects  illustrating  the  history  of  North  Carolina, 
including  paintings,  photographs,  war  relics,  books,  utensils,  vehicles, 
manuscripts,  letters,  autographs,  etc.  This  is  said  to  be  the  largest 
state  collection  in  the  country. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Small  collections  of  invertebrate  and  verte- 
brate fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Insects,  on  exhibition,  7000;  Other  invertebrates,  on 
exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  2oo± ;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  131,  in  storage, 
2oo±;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  68,  in  storage,  2oo±;  Reptiles,  on 
exhibition,  150,  in  storage,  2oo±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  364,  in  storage, 
i5oo±;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  70,  in  storage,  3oo±.  There  are 
also  collections  of  native  furs;  bird  eggs;  and  skulls  of  birds,  mammals, 
and  reptiles.  There  are  31  small  and  3  large  groups  of  animals  exhibi- 
ted in  natural  surroundings,  including  the  opossum,  snowy  owl, 
double-crested  cormorant,  loon,  bob-white,  ducks,  squirrels,  anhinga, 
eagles,  deer,  mink,  etc. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  present  museum  is  the 
collection  of  minerals  and  fossils  accumulated  by  the  state  geologist, 
whose  office  was  established  in  1850.  Since  1879  the  museum  has  been 
a  division  of  the  state  department  of  agriculture.  It  at  first  occupied 
one  small  room  over  a  store;  from  1881  to  1894  it  occupied  two  rooms 
covering  about  3000  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  the  present  building;  in 
1895  two  more  rooms  were  added,  bringing  the  floor  space  up  to  a 
total  of  less  than  7000  square  feet.  Since  1895  the  floor  space  has 
increased  fourfold  and  the  collections  more  than  tenfold  under  the 
administration  of  the  present  curator.  The  hall  of  history  was  estab- 
lished in  1902  by  the  present  director  of  that  department. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  the  state  department  of  agriculture; 
additions  and  repairs  to  the  building  are  charged  against  the  general 
fund  of  the  department;  new  cases  and  new  material  are  frequently 
acquired  indirectly  through  participation  in  various  expositions.  It  is 
therefore  impossible  to  give  financial  statistics  of  value  for  comparison 
with  other  institutions. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  22,626  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  exhibition,  and  4200  for  offices,  workrooms,  and  storage  in 
the  agricultural  building. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  directly  to  the  com- 
missioner of  agriculture  on  all  matters  except  finances,  which  are 
passed  upon  by  the  board  of  agriculture. 


222  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

SCOPE.  Instruction  of  the  general  public  and  the  maintenance 
of  local  collections  are  the  chief  purposes  of  th,e  museum.  The  col- 
lections are  almost  exclusively  confined  to  North  Carolina  material. 
An  additional  function  of  the  museum  is  the  preparation  of  exhibits 
representing  North  Carolina  in  various  expositions. 

LIBRARY.  A  small  reference  library  is  maintained  for  the  use  of 
the  staff. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  only  publications  of  the  museum  are  semi- 
annual reports  to  the  board  of  agriculture,  and  biennial  reports  included 
in  the  reports  of  the  commissioner  of  agriculture  to  the  legislature. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sundays  and 
Christmas  from  9  to  5  in  winter  and  9  to  6  in  summer.  The  attendance  is 
estimated  at  100,000  annually. 

TRYON: 

GREEN  MUSEUM. 

This  collection  includes  a  herbarium  of  4000  cryptogams  and  200 
phanerogams;  1314  minerals;  400  invertebrate  and  a  few  vertebrate 
and  plant  fossils;  55o±  shells;  and  a  number  of  corals,  sponges,  etc. 
It  is  now  in  the  private  residence  of  Professor  H.  A.  Green,  but  has 
recently  been  given  by  him  to  the  town  of  Tryon,  in  trust  for  the  Tryon 
white  schools. 

POLK  COUNTY  MUSEUM. 

This  museum  was  gathered  for  the  Tryon  board  of  trade  by  a  com- 
mittee of  which  H.  A.  Green  was  chairman.  It  is  at  present  housed  in 
the  Laneer  Library,  which  is  open  free  to  the  public  twice  each  week. 
The  collection  includes  71  minerals,  ioo±  specimens  of  native  woods 
and  leaves,  and  a  collection  of  local  Indian  relics;  everything  in  the 
museum  is  from  Polk  County.  It  is  hoped  soon  to  have  a  more  suitable 
housing  and  to  add  other  collections. 

WAKE  FOREST: 

WAKE  FOREST  COLLEGE. 

A  room  in  the  biological  laboratory,  set  apart  as  a  college  museum, 
contains  teaching  collections  used  in  the  science  departments.  There 
are  also  special  collections  in  the  departments  of  chemistry  and  med- 
icine. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  223 

NORTH  DAKOTA 

BISMARCK: 

STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  State  Historical  Society  was  organized  in  1895,  reorganized 
in  1903,  and  permanently  established  in  the  state  capitol  in  1906.  It 
receives  $4600  a  year  from  the  state  for  the  maintenance  of  its  museum 
and  field  work,  in  addition  to  the  amount  received  from  memberships 
at  $2  a  year.  It  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of  H.  C.  Fish,  curator, 
devoting  special  attention  to  local  history  and  containing  thousands 
of  specimens  of  the  Mandan,  Hidatsa,  and  Arikara  Indians,  with  good 
exhibits  of  the  Chippewas  and  Dakotas.  There  is  also  a  library  of 
2000  volumes,  including  a  special  collection  of  books  on  the  history  of 
the  Northwest,  and  complete  files  of  state  papers. 

Lectures  are  given  about  the  state  to  citizens,  and  also  in  the  mus- 
eum to  school  children;  the  total  attendance  is  nearly  4500  a  year. 
The  society  has  published  2  volumes  of  its  Collections. 

FARGO: 

AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  in  charge  of  a  committee 
of  the  faculty,  consisting  of  J.  H.  Worst,  J.  H.  Shepperd,  C.  I.  Gunness, 
and  W.  B.  Bell.  The  collections  include  100  anthropological  speci- 
mens; a  herbarium  of  1135  cryptogams  and  7118  phanerogams,  chiefly 
from  the  West  and  Northwest;  600  minerals,  300  rocks,  and  n  relief 
maps,  models,  etc.;  100  invertebrate  fossils;  and  a  fair  collection  of 
northwestern  vertebrates,  chiefly  Dakota  forms.  There  are  also  mus- 
eum collections  in  connection  with  the  agricultural  and  chemical  de- 
partments. 

It  is  proposed  to  unite  the  now  scattered  collections  in  a  new  science 
hall  when  completed. 

UNIVERSITY: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  NORTH  DAKOTA.    Museum. 

The  museum  is  reported  by  M.  A.  Brannon,  professor  of  biology, 
as  a  general  and  promiscuous  collection  possessed  of  much  valuable 
material  but  unclassified  and  without  financial  support. 

The  collection  is  said  by  Merrill  to  include  1000  fossils,  2000  min- 
erals, 800  specimens  of  economic  geology,  299  specimens  in  zoology, 
4640  specimens  in  botany,  and  650  ethnological  specimens. 


224  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

OHIO 

AKRON: 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

This  zoological  park  of  3  acres  was  established  in  1903  and  con- 
tains 2  reptiles,  28  birds,  and  30  mammals. 

BEREA: 

BALDWIN  UNIVERSITY. 

The  president  reports  that  a  small  museum  is  maintained  by  the 
university,  but  no  further  information  has  been  received.  The  collec- 
tion is  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  a  few  botanical  specimens,  500 
minerals  and  rocks,  300  fossils,  and  300  zoological  specimens,  mostly 
invertebrates. 

CANTON: 

ZOOLOGICAL    PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  3  acres, established  in  1893, 
containing  5  reptiles,  120  birds,  and  50  mammals. 

CINCINNATI: 

CINCINNATI  MUSEUM  ASSOCIATION. 

STAFF.  Director,  J.  H.  Gest;  Curators,  L.  H.  Meakin  (paintings), 
C.  J.  Barnhorn  (sculpture),  Philip  Hinkle  (American  archeology), 
F.  W.  Hinkle  (arms  and  armor);  Librarian,  Elizabeth  Kellogg;  i 
cashier  and  stenographer,  i  superintendent  of  buildings  and  grounds, 
i  cabinetmaker  and  carpenter,  i  painter,  i  printer,  i  binder,  and  12 
janitors,  watchmen,  etc. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples :  Archeology,  native,  30,000  ; 
Ethnology,  native,  900,  foreign,  noo.  Civilized  peoples,  Greek  and 
Roman  antiquities  not  separately  enumerated.  Life-size  ethnological 
groups  are  not  yet  on  exhibition  but  are  contemplated. 

ART.  Sculpture,  61  originals,  173  large  and  964  small  casts,  and 
ivory  carvings,  covering  the  history  of  art  from  Egyptian  and  Greek 
to  modern;  Prints  and  engravings,  1000;  Oil  paintings,  503,  and  water 
colors,  200,  especially  rich  in  modern  American  work;  Ceramics, 
6000,  including  prehistoric  American,  Greek,  modern  European,  and 
American  (2000  pieces  of  Rookwood,  etc.) ;  Textiles,  1168,  including 
special  collections  of  European  lace, and  textiles  from  India;  Drawings, 
1500,  including  the  C.  F.  Lessing  collection:  Metal  work,  1908,  covering 
the  history  of  the  art  from  Greek  and  Roman  to  modern;  Arms  and 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  22$ 

armor,  371,  from  primitive  to  medieval  and  modern;  Musical  instru- 
ments, 280;  Casts  from  engraved  gems,  intaglios,  cameos,  etc.,  from 
classic  to  modern,  2100;  Miscellaneous,  including  loans  and  unclassi- 
fied and  uncataloged  material.  The  total  number  of  entries  recorded 
on  January  i,  1909,  was  74,397. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Cincinnati  Museum  Association  was 
incorporated  in  1881  for  the  purpose  of  maintaining  a  museum  and  of 
using  its  contents  for  public  education  by  means  of  classes  and  other 
activities.  The  city  granted  the  association  a  reservation  of  19  acres 
in  Eden  Park,  upon  which  to  erect  buildings,  but  has  given  no  financial 
aid.  The  addition  of  a  department  of  natural  history  is  contemplated 
as  soon  as  adequate  funds  are  available.  The  association  also  maintains 
a  school  known  as  the  Art  Academy  of  Cincinnati,  established  in  1869 
and  attached  to  the  museum  in  1884.  It  provides  instruction  to  400 
students  in  drawing,  painting,  modeling,  .designing,  and  applied  art. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Income  from  endowment,  $35,061;  mem- 
berships, $1500;  admission  fees,  $2626;  other  sources,  $7000.  Of  these 
funds  $21,800  are  applied  to  the  museum;  the  remainder  to  the 
academy. 

BUILDING.  The  buildings  were  erected  in  1886,  1887,  and  1907, 
at  a  total  cost  of  about  $570,000,  paid  by  the  association,  aided  by 
private  donations.  The  museum  occupies  35,000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  exhibition,  and  16,000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  The 
building  also  provides  28,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  used  by  the 
academy. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  the  board  of  trustees  through  committees 
of  which  the  director  is  the  executive  officer. 

SCOPE.  In  addition  to  the  purposes  reviewed  above  special  loan 
exhibits  of  contemporary  art  are  held  at  frequent  intervals,  and  lec- 
tures and  personal  conferences  are  used  to  aid  visitors  in  the  study  of 
the  collections. 

LIBRARY.  3500  bound  volumes,  5600  pamphlets  and  catalogs, 
and  6000  photographs,  chiefly  relating  to  art  and  archeology  and 
intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports.  (2)  Catalog  of  the  permanent 
collections  of  paintings.  (3)  Catalogs  and  lists  of  special  exhibitions, 
about  20  issued  annually.  (4)  Catalog  of  the  Bookwalter  collection. 
(5)  Library  book  lists.  (6)  Occasional  monographs.  (7)  Catalog  of 
the  Art  Academy. 

ATTENDANCE.  Free  Saturdays,  10  cents  admission  Sundays,  25 
cents  other  days.  Artists,  students,  and  classes  with  teachers  always 
free.  Attendance  in  1909,  54,088. 


226  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

CINCINNATI  SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   HISTORY.       Museum. 
(312  Broadway.) 

STAFF.  Director,  T.  B.  Collier;  Curators,  Walter  H.  Aiken  (her- 
barium), A.  C.  Billups  (conchology),  William  Osburn  (entomology), 
H.  Wuestner  (mineralogy),  Charles  Andrew  (photography) ;. Librarian 
and  curator  of  paleontology,  J.  M.  Nickles. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  A  large  case  of  prehistoric  relics  from  Madison- 
ville,  including  120  skulls,  some  pottery,  many  bones  of  animals,  etc., 
and  about  20  boxes  of  similar  material  in  storage. 

BOTANY.  A  classified  herbarium  of  over.  4000  species  of  phanero- 
gams and  ferns;  the  C.  G.  Lloyd  collection  of  about  10,000  native  and 
European  plants  not  yet  arranged;  a  collection  of  cryptogams,  parti- 
cularly fungi,  which  is  now  receiving  special  attention. 

GEOLOGY.  The  Paul  Mohr  collection  of  2457  minerals  and  rocks; 
the  Allen  collection  of  1200  minerals  and  rocks;  and  a  number  of  other 
special  collections,  making  a  total  of  about  4000  specimens  represent- 
ing 360  species  and  210  varieties  of  minerals,  with  fair  collections  of 
rocks,  especially  marbles,  volcanic  rocks,  and  ores. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  The  Paul  Mohr  collection  of  4390  species;  the 
J.  Ralston  Skinner  collection  of  paleozoic  fossils,  and  a  nearly  com- 
plete series  of  the  fossils  of  the  Cincinnati  region.  Much  material 
belonging  to  this  department  is  in  storage  for  lack  of  exhibition  space. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  shell  collection  including.  1000  species  of  marine 
shells,  an  extensive  collection  of  land  and  fresh-water  univalve  shells; 
and  the  E.  D.  Cope  collection  of  1500  species  of  fresh-water  gastropods 
and  bivalves.  The  collection  of  Naiades  is  said  to  be  second  only  to 
that  of  the  National  Museum.  A  large  collection  of  other  inverte- 
brates is  for  the  most  part  in  storage.  There  is  a  large  vertebrate 
series  well  representing  the  various  orders;  2000  unmounted  skins  of 
birds  and  mammals;  a  collection  of  skeletons,  mostly  disarticulated; 
etc. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  society  was  organized  in  1870  and 
occupied  quarters  in  the  Cincinnati  College  building  on  Walnut  Street 
until  1877,  when  it  removed  to  its  present  building.  In  1871  the  Wes- 
tern Academy  of  Natural  Science  transferred  to  the  Society  $351  in 
money,  265  books,  and  its  collections.  In  1872  Mr.  Robert  Buchanan 
donated  in  volumes  from  his  library  and  3  cases  of  fossils,  shells, 
and  minerals.  In  1875  Mr.  Charles  Bodmann  gave  the  society  by  his 
will  $50,000.  Of  this  sum  $i  1,500  was  spent  in  the  purchase  and  repair 
of  the  property  now  occupied. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    An  annual  income  of  $1700  from  the  Bod- 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  227 

maim  endowment  and  about  $600  from  memberships.  The  publica- 
tions are  supported  by  private  contributions. 

ADMINISTRATON.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  an  executive  board 
which  is  elected  annually  by  the  society. 

SCOPE.  Exploration,  research,  and  public  instruction  through  the 
maintenance  of  a  museum  and  library.  A  winter  course  of  free  lectures 
on  popular  science  is  maintained.  The  museum  devotes  special  atten- 
tion to  local  collections. 

LIBRARY.  The  library  includes  nearly  22,000  bound  volumes  and 
pamphlets  and  is  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  21  volumes  of  the  Journal  of  the  Cincinnati 
Society  of  Natural  History  have  been  issued  since  1878. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  5. 
There  is  a  registered  attendance  of  about  2000  annually,  including 
classes  from  the  public  schools. 

GUVIER  CLUB. 

The  Cuvier  Club  was  organized  in  1871  chiefly  for  the  purpose 
of  promoting  the  enforcement  of  game  and  fish  laws,  and  restocking 
the  streams  with  food  fishes  and  the  woods  and  fields  with  game.  As 
an  incident  to  this  work  it  maintains  a  small  collection  of  mounted 
fishes,  birds,  and  mammals,  and  a  small  library  of  natural  history. 
The  collection  is  in  charge  of  Charles  Drury,  custodian,  and  is  open 
free  to  schools  and  the  general  public. 

HISTORICAL    AND    PHILOSOPHICAL    SOCIETY    OF     OHIO. 
(Burnet  Woods  Park.) 

In  addition  to  a  valuable  historical  library,  this  society  has  a 
small  collection  of  Indian  relics  and  a  number  of  historical  portraits, 
but  does  not  endeavor  to  develop  a  formal  museum. 

LLOYD  LIBRARY  AND  MUSEUM. 

This  institution  is  the  outgrowth  of  the  private  libraries  and  col- 
lections of  Curtis  Gates  Lloyd  and  John  Uri  Lloyd,  the  former  sup- 
porting the  botanical  department,  the  latter  the  pharmaceutical.  It 
is  now  incorporated  as  a  free  public  institution  for  the  benefit  of 
science,  and  is  housed  in  two  four-story  fireproof  buildings.  The  first 
of  these,  erected  in  1902,  contains  the  herbarium  and  mycological 
collection,  in  charge  of  W.  H.  Aiken,  curator.  The  general  herbarium 
comprises  about  30,000  specimens,  while  the  mycological  collection, 
second  to  none  in  the  world,  contains  many  thousand  dried  specimens, 


228  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

particularly  of  the  Gastromycetes,  the  study  of  fungi  being  for  many 
years  past  the  specialty  of  Mr.  Curtis  Gates  Lloyd. 

The  second  building,  erected  in  1907-8,  is  devoted  to  the  Lloyd 
library  of  botany,  pharmacy,  and  materia  medica,  comprising  approxi- 
mately 25,000  bound  volumes  and  over  20,000  pamphlets,  under  the 
care  of  William  Holden,  librarian,  and  Edith  Wycoff,  assistant  librarian. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CINCINNATI.   Museum.    (Burnet  Woods  Park.) 

STAFF.  Curator,  -  ;  Assistants,  J.  Ernest  Carman  and 

Annette  Francis  Braun;  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  A  large  collection  of  Philippine  pottery,  knives, 
clothing,  etc.;  a  collection  of  skulls  and  relics  of  mound  builders. 

ART.    Casts  of  sculpture,  25;  Prints  and  engravings,  25. 

BOTANY.    Cryptogams,  50;  Phanerogams,  250. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  400,  in  storage,  400;  Rocks, 
in  storage,  800;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  12. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  600,  in  storage, 
600;  Plants,  in  storage,  50. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2000,  in  storage,  5000;  Insects, 
on  exhibition,  2  500,  in  storage,  2000;  Other  in  vertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
100,  in  storage,  1000;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  50,  in  storage,  300;  Batra- 
chians,  on  exhibition,  5,  in  storage,  20;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  10,  in 
storage,  50;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  750,  in  storage,  600;  Mammals, 
on  exhibition,  175,  in  storage,  100.  There  are  6  small  and  7  large 
groups  of  animals  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  in  Cunning- 
ham Hall  in  1900  and  moved  to  larger  quarters  in  McMicken  Hall  in 
1907.  At  this  time  a  taxidermist  was  employed  as  curator  to  rearrange 
and  relabel  the  collections  and  to  prepare  groups  in  natural  surround- 
ings. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Irregular  appropriations  from  the  uni- 
versity. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  3000  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  2500  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  in  McMicken  Hall. 

SCOPE.    College  teaching  and  public  instruction. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sunday  from 
8.30  to  5. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

This  zoological  park  of  63  acres  was  established  in  1875  and  con- 
tains 125  reptiles,  1200  birds,  and  5  20  mamma  Is. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  22Q 

CLEVELAND: 

CASE  SCHOOL  OF  APPLIED  SCIENCE.    Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  F.  M.  Comstock. 

BOTANY.  6000  herbarium  sheets,  including  2724+  species  of  the 
flora  of  Ohio;  and  228  specimens  of  woods. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  2842,  in  storage,  a  large 
collection;  Rocks,  1714;  Dynamic  geology,  etc.,  2181;  Economic 
geology,  1 200. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  800  +  invertebrate,  vertebrate,  and  plant  fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  743;  Other  invertebrates,  672;  Fishes,  228; 
Batrachians  and  reptiles,  236;  Birds,  1509  (mounted  specimens,  skins, 
nests  and  eggs);  Mammals,  131. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  $ioo-$30o  annually  from  the  funds  of  the 
school. 

LIBRARY.  1549  bound  volumes  and  7196  pamphlets  on  natural 
science,  intended  for  the  use  of  the  staff  and  students. 

CLEVELAND  MUSEUM  OF  ART. 

A  number  of  bequests  amounting  to  about  $2,000,000  have  been 
made  for  the  establishment  of  art  galleries  in  Cleveland.  These  be- 
quests are  under  the  care  of  independent  trustees  and  are,  for  various 
reasons,  not  yet  fully  available  for  the  establishment  of  a  museum. 
It  is  expected,  however,  that  an  effective  organization  will  soon  be 
achieved  and  that  a  building  will  be  erected  at  a  cost  of  about  $i  ,000,000. 
A  small  collection  of  paintings  and  objects  of  art  now  stored  at  the 
Cleveland  School  of  Art  is  available  as  a  nucleus  of  the  museum.  It  is 
probable  that  a  school  of  fine  arts  will  ultimately  be  maintained  in 
connection  with  the  museum.  The  secretary  and  treasurer  is  Hermon 
A.  Kelley,  702  Western  Reserve  Building. 

WESTERN  RESERVE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.     (Euclid  Avenue 
and  107th  Street.) 

STAFF.    Curator,  Albion  M.  Dyer. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Relics,  implements,  and  weapons  of  the  abor- 
igines and  early  settlers  of  the  Western  Reserve;  civil  war  relics; 
i  Egyptian  mummy;  25  human  skulls,  many  from  the  vicinity  of 
Cleveland;  pottery  of  the  mound  builders  and  the  prehistoric  peoples 
of  Colorado  and  Peru;  and  a  collection  of  Chinese  wearing  apparel. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  United  States  geological  survey 
relief  maps  and  models,  and  extensive  collections  which  are  not  yet 
sorted  nor  cataloged. 


230  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

HISTORY.  An  extensive  and  complete  collection  of  historical 
maps  and  atlases  covering  the  entire  range  of  history  from  the  i6th 
century  to  the  present  day;  civil  war  relics;  a  statue  of  Oliver  Hazard 
Perry;  prints  and  engravings  of  Western  Reserve,  early  Cleveland,  and 
vicinity ;  many  oil  portraits  of  local  interest ;  and  a  collection  of  garments 
worn  in  the  United  States  from  colonial  times  through  the  civil  war. 

NUMISMATICS.  A  good  collection,  also  a  collection  of  Confederate 
and  other  paper  money. 

ZOOLOGY.    A  few  shells  and  butterflies. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  is  the  result  of  gifts  to  the 
Western  Reserve  Historical  Society,  which  originated  in  1867. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  At  present  there  are  no  special  funds  for 
maintenance,  but  it  is  expected  that  an  endowment  fund  will  soon  be 
provided  for  the  society,  after  which  the  museum  will  be  cataloged  and 
described. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  a  portion  of  the  building  owned 
and  used  by  the  society. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  board  of 
trustees. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  is  not  limited  in  number  of  departments  nor 
in  territory  represented.  A  special  effort,  however,  is  made  to  assem- 
ble local  collections,  and  to  interest  the  pupils  of  the  private  and  public 
schools,  who  frequently  visit  the  museum  with  their  teachers. 

LIBRARY.  A  library  of  30,000  volumes  and  as  many  pamphlets  is 
maintained  by  the  society.  Collections  of  books,  maps,  prints,  etc., 
are  exhibited  from  time  to  time  in  the  museum.  The  collection  of 
books  on  Arctic  exploration,  of  200  separate  titles,  is  one  of  the  finest 
in  the  United  States. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  Western  Reserve  Historical  Society  Tracts 
contain  many  numbers  of  anthropological,  geographical,  and  geological 
interest. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily,  except  Sundays  and 
holidays,  from  9  to  5. 

WESTERN  RESERVE  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  a  small  geological  and  zoological  collec- 
tion in  charge  of  F.  H.Herrick,  professor  of  biology,  and  H.  P.  Gushing, 
professor  of  geology.  The  collections  comprise  about  6000  specimens 
in  paleontology,  including  the  S.  G.  Williams  collection  of  2500  fossils, 
chiefly  of  the  New  York  paleozoic;  about  2500  minerals;  1200  rocks; 
looo  botanical  specimens  representing  the  flora  of  Ohio  fairly  com- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  231 

pletely,  with  considerable  foreign  material;  and  about  10,000  zoological 
specimens,  including  good  representations  of  the  fresh-water  shells  and 
the  birds  of  the  state.  Much  of  this  material  is  derived  from  the  pri- 
vate collections  of  the  late  Dr.  J.  P.  Kirtland,  H.  K.  Winslow,  and  the 
collections  of  the  Kirtland  Society  of  Natural  History.  A  skeleton 
of  the  lobster  is  the  largest  in  existence  with  the  exception  of  one  or 
two  in  the  American  Museum  in  New  York. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  20  acres,  established  in 
1893,  containing  48  reptiles,  112  birds,  and  102  mammals. 

COLUMBUS: 

OHIO  STATE  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  AND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 
Museum.    (Page  Hall,  Ohio  State  University.) 

STAFF.  Curator  and  librarian,  William  C.  Mills;  Museum  assis- 
tant, A.  Brown;  2  janitors. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology  of  Ohio,  100,- 
ooo ;  Ethnology  of  Ohio,  2000.  Civilized  peoples,  modern,  700.  The 
museum  consists  for  the  most  part  of  explorations  in  Ohio  under  the 
supervision  of  the  curator  and  includes  representative  collections  from 
each  county. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Ohio  State  Archaeological  and  His- 
torical Society  was  incorporated  in  1885,  as  a  revival  of  the  Archaeo- 
logical Society  formed  in  1875,  and  has  maintained  a  museum  from  its 
beginning. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  society  receives  approximately  the 
following  amounts  each  year:  life  memberships,  $395;  active  member- 
ships, $102;  income  from  endowment,  $244;  state  appropriation  for 
current  expenses,  $2377,  for  publication,  $3200,  for  field  work,  $1247. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  7760  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  1800  for  offices  and  storage,  in  Page  Hall,  erected  in 
1901  by  Ohio  State  University  at  a  cost  of  $90.000. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  committee 
of  the  society. 

SCOPE.  Exploration  and  research  by  the  staff,  college  teaching, 
and  public  school  work. 

LIBRARY.  4000  bound  volumes  and  3500  pamphlets  on  history 
and  archeology,  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  publication,  18  volumes  issued.  (2) 
Miscellaneous  publications,  6  volumes  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  from  8.30 
to  5. 


232  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

OHIO  STATE  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  teaching  collections  in  connection  with 
its  several  departments,  as  follows: 

BOTANY.  A  general  herbarium  of  30,000  sheets ;  a  state  herbarium 
of  20,000  sheets  of  spermatophytes  and  pteridophytes  and  10,000 
bryophytes  and  thalophytes;  the  Kellerman  herbarium  of  parasitic 
fungi;  and  about  3000  museum  specimens  illustrating  native  trees, 
medicinal  plants,  economic  products,  etc. 

GEOLOGY.  A  small  collection  of  minerals  and  rocks,  and  about 
2000  specimens  illustrating  the  economic  geology  of  Ohio.  The  mater- 
ial collected  by  the  state  geological  survey  is  required  by  law  to  be 
deposited  with  the  university. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  A  general  series  of  9000  fossils  in  which  local 
formations  are  well  represented. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  3500;  Insects,  40,000;  Other  invertebrates,  96; 
Fishes,  289;  Batrachians,  45;  Reptiles,  ico;  Birds,  250  mounted  speci- 
mens and  2500  skins;  Mammals,  25  mounted  specimens,  50  alcoholic 
specimens,  and  300  skeletons,  skulls,  and  anatomical  preparations. 
The  Ohio  fauna  is  well  represented  in  the  collection. 

DELAWARE: 

OHIO  WESLEYAN  UNIVERSITY. 

The  college  maintains  museum  collections,  in  charge  of  Lewis  G. 
Westgate,  curator,  as  follows: 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  The  William  Walker  cabinet  of  American 
archeology,  recently  enlarged  and  rearranged  in  eight  new  cases. 

GEOLOGY.  The  Merrick-Trimble  collection  of  minerals;  a  series 
of  rocks;  and  specimens  illustrating  structural  and  dynamic  geology. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  The  William  Wood  cabinet  of  casts,  containing 
an  almost  complete  series  of  Ward's  casts;  the  Mann  cabinet  of  fossils; 
a  very  full  series  of  Ohio  fossils;  and  a  very  fine  series  of  devonian 
fishes,  largely  collected  and  presented  by  Rev.  William  Kepler. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  Prescott  cabinet  of  shells;  a  collection  of  corals 
given  by  the  class  of  1881;  a  collection  of  marine  specimens  of  the 
Atlantic  coast,  collected  by  Edward  T.  Nelson,  for  many  years  curator 
of  the  museum;  the  Webber-Merrill  cabinet  of  Palestinian  specimens, 
very  rich  in  birds;  a  collection  of  native  birds,  already  including  over 
half  the  species  known  to  Ohio;  mounted  and  unmounted  skeletons; 
and  series  of  anatomical  and  embryo! ogical  models. 

BUILDINGS.  The  geological  collections  are  in  Sturges  Hall,  while 
the  remainder  are  on  the  third  floor  of  Merrick  Hall. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  233 

FREMONT: 

SANDUSKY  COUNTY  PIONEER  AND  HISTORICAL  ASSOCIA- 
TION. 

This  association  maintains  a  collection  of  articles  of  historical 
interest,  in  a  room  in  the  Birchard  Library. 

GREENVILLE: 

CARNEGIE  LIBRARY.    Museum  Department. 

STAFF.  Honorary  curator,  Charles  L.  Katzenberger;  Curators, 
George  A.  Katzenberger,  Frazer  E.  Wilson,  and  A.  C.  Robeson;  i  guide, 
and  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  One  case  of  selected  Indian  implements,  and 
ethnological  collections  from  the  Philippines,  Japan,  Mexico,  North 
American  Indians  of  to-day,  etc. 

ART.  A  small  collection  of  material  chiefly  related  to  either  the 
anthropological  or  the  historical  collections. 

BOTANY.    A  small  collection  of  dried  woods,  etc. 

EDUCATION.  Selected  specimens  of  drawing  and  basketry  from 
the  graded  schools  and  handicraft  from  the  kindergarten  are  exhibited 
annually. 

GEOLOGY.    Small  collections  of  minerals  and  rocks. 

HISTORY.  Old  deeds,  manuscripts,  books,  paintings,  household 
utensils,  relics  of  Indian  wars  of  1791-5  and  of  the  civil  war,  and 
other  material  illustrating  local  history. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  An  almost  complete  unmounted  skeleton  of 
Mastodon  giganteus. 

ZOOLOGY.    A  small  collection. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  in  1901  under 
the  direction  of  the  public  school  board.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum 
is  the  Anthony  and  Charles  L.  Katzenberger  collection;  other  material 
has  been  added  by  purchase  or  loaned  indefinitely  to  the  museum.  The 
Greenville  Historical  Society  has  been  instrumental  in  securing  much 
of  the  historical  and  anthropological  material. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Special  appropriations  from  the  school 
board. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  5000  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  300  for  offices,  etc.  in  the  basement  of  the  Carnegie 
Library,  erected  in  1901. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  of  curators,  responsible  to  the  pub- 
n'c  school  board. 


234  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

SCOPE.  Public  instruction,  local  collections,  and  public  school 
work  are  the  aims  of  the  museum. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5. 

HIRAM: 

HIRAM  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  small  teaching  collection  under  the  care  of 
George  H.  Colton,  curator,  occupying  two  rooms  in  the 'main  college 
building.  The  collection  includes  about  3000  Indian  relics  and  other 
archeological  specimens,  a  small  herbarium,  200  minerals  and  500 
rocks,  150  invertebrate  fossils,  200  shells,  30  birds,  and  5  mammals. 
The  museum  has  no  regular  income. 

NORWALJC: 

FIRELANDS    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

The  president  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a  museum,  but 
no  further  information  has  been  received. 

OBERLIN: 

OBERLIN  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  in  connection  with  its 
scientific  departments  and  under  the  care  of  the  following:  F.  O. 
Grover  (botany);  E.  B.  Branson  (geology);  F.  F.  Jewett  (mineralogy) ; 
Lynds  Jones  (zoology). 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams  (except  ferns),  43,548;  Phanerogams  and 
ferns,  90,930.  There  is  also  a  general  collection  of  fruits,  seeds,  and 
woods. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  1000,  in  storage,  but  accessible 
for  study,  4000;  Rocks,  on  exhibition,  600,  in  storage,  5000;  Relief 
maps,  models,  etc.,  5. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  1000,  in  storage, 
10,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  200;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
100,  in  storage,  700,  types  and  figured  specimens,  23 ;  Plants,  on  ex- 
hibition, 200,  in  storage,  1000.  A  restoration  of  Dinichthys  terrelli  is 
on  exhibition. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2000,  in  storage,  10,000;  Insects, 
on  exhibition,  5000,  in  storage,  500;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 3000,  in  storage,  4000;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage, 
1000;  Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  100;  Reptiles,  on 
exhibition,  100,  in  storage,  100;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  557,  in  storage, 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  235 

1600;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  100,  in  storage,  200.  The  figures  given 
are  approximate. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  These  collections  were  maintained  as  a  unit 
until  1891,  when  a  separate  department  of  botany  was  created.  In 
1905  a  separate  department  of  geology  was  formed. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  college  expends  about  $575  *a  year  on 
the  collections. 

OBERLIN  COLLEGE.     Olney  Art  Collection. 

This  collection  includes  250  oil  paintings;  8  water  colors;  valuable 
ivory  carvings  from  Japan,  China,  and  Europe;  an  excellent  collec- 
tion of  Satsuma;  teakwood  cabinets;  wood  carving;  cloisonne;  bronze; 
jade;  lacquers;  and  semi-precious  stones. 

The  collection  is  administered  by  a  committee  of  the  faculty,  C. 
B.  Martin,  chairman,  and  is  under  the  immediate  care  of  Mrs.  A.  A. 
Wright,  custodian,  with  the  assistance  of  a  student  janitor. 

SCIO: 

SCIO  COLLEGE. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  the  college  collections,  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise 
a  small  anthropological  collection,  800  specimens  of  American  plants 
and  woods,  2000  minerals,  500  other  geological  specimens,  and  150 
zoological  specimens. 

SPRINGFIELD: 

CLARK  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  museum  occupying  about  3200  square  feet 
of  floor  space,  and  containing  archeological  exhibits;  a  collection  of 
books  and  manuscripts  pertaining  to  the  early  history  of  Clark  County, 
stage  roads,  stage-houses  (taverns),  mills  and  factories;  a  collection  of 
oil  paintings,  engravings,  and  other  pictures  of  old  landmarks  of  the 
city  and  county,  including  mills,  taverns,  and  covered  bridges  on  the 
old  national  road;  a  collection  of  mill  stones  and  mile  stones;  bound 
volumes  of  Springfield  newspapers  dating  from  1829;  war  relics  and 
implements  of  pioneer  days;  rare  coins  and  paper  money;  minerals 
and  rocks;  a  herbarium;  and  250  varieties  of  bird  eggs. 

The  collection  is  in  charge  of  W.  Mayne  Harris,  secretary  and  cur- 
ator, and  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  4. 


236  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

TIFFIN: 

HEIDELBERG  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of  M.  E.  Kleckner, 
curator  and  professor  of  biology.  The  collections  occupy  about  2500 
square  feet  of  floor  space  and  include  a  small  series  of  relics  of  Ameri- 
can Indians. and  mound  builders;  about  200  minerals,  including  un- 
usual calcites,  a  good  representation  of  celestites  and  sphalerites,  and 
a  full  series  of  local  minerals;  a  fairly  full  series  of  local  devonian  and 
Niagara  fossils;  and  a  zoological  collection. 

TOLEDO: 

TOLEDO  MUSEUM  OF  ART. 

STAFF.  Director,  George  W.  Stevens;  Librarian,  Grace  E.  Worts; 
i  superintendent  of  building  and  5  minor  employees. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    Archeology,  native,  500,  foreign,  680. 

ART.  Sculpture  and  casts,  56;  Oil  paintings,  78;  Prints  and  en- 
gravings, 1200;  Ceramics,  150. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Toledo  Museum  of  Art  was  organized 
in  1903,  and  is  supported  by  an  association  of  700  members,  including 
annual  members  paying  $10  a  year  and  sustaining  members  paying 
$50  a  year. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Income  from  memberships,  $9000  a  year. 
Application  for  a  city  appropriation  will  be  made  upon  completion 
of  the  new  building. 

BUILDING.  As  a  result  of  a  gift  of  $150,000  from  Mr.  E.  D.  Lib- 
bey,  and  other  amounts  secured  by  subscription,  a  building  is  being 
erected  to  cost  about  $400,000.  It  is  of  white  marble  with  a  frontage 
of  250  feet  and  a  depth  of  150  feet. 

SCOPE.  In  addition  to  its  permanent  exhibitions  the  museum  main- 
tains about  9  transient  exhibits  each  year,  conducts  free  lectures  on 
art,  and  cooperates  with  the  public  schools  in  giving  daily  lectures  to 
the  pupils. 

LIBRARY.  A  reference  library  of  2000  volumes  on  art,  intended 
for  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports.  (2)  Museum  News,  issued 
quarterly. 

ATTENDANCE.     56,000  in  1909. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  35  acres,  established  in 
1900,  containing  30  reptiles,  no  birds,  and  160  mammals. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  237 

YELLOW  SPRINGS: 
ANTIOGH  COLLEGE. 

The  president  reports  that  the  college  maintains  a  museum,  but 
no  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  further  information. 
The  collections  are  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  20  anthropological 
specimens,  a  herbarium  of  600  local  plants,  500  minerals,  10,000  fos- 
sils, and  a  zoological  collection,  including  3000  unnamed  shells,  500 
insects  unarranged,  a  small  synoptic  series  of  invertebrates,  a  few 
poorly  mounted  skeletons  and  2  mounted  mammals. 

OKLAHOMA 

BACONE: 

BAGONE  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  a  small  collection  of  Indian  curiosities  and  biologi- 
cal and  geological  specimens,  occupying  about  225  square  feet  of  floor 
space  in  a  room  of  the  library  building,  and  used  primarily  for  teach- 
ing purposes. 

OKLAHOMA  CITY: 

OKLAHOMA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  in  1893  and  was  made  a  state  institu- 
tion in  1895.  It  maintains  a  museum  and  library  in  charge  of  W.  P. 
Campbell,  custodian.  The  museum  includes  an  extensive  collection 
of  miscellaneous  articles  of  local  historical  interest,  together  with 
Indian  relics  and  natural  history  specimens.  The  library  contains 
books,  documents,  and  photographs  relating  to  Oklahoma  and  its 
history,  and  a  collection  of  rare  prints  and  publications.  The  society 
occupies  about  1800  square  feet  of  exhibition  space  in  a  fireproof 
building.  It  receives  a  state  appropriation  of  $2000  per  annum  in 
addition  to  its  membership  fees.  It  publishes  a  series  of  annual  reports 
and  a  quarterly  journal.  The  collections  are  open  free  to  the  public 
on  week-days  from  9  to  6. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1905,  containing  50  birds  and  no  mammals. 


238  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

OREGON 
CORVALLIS: 

OREGON  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  a  museum,  in  charge  of  A.  B.  Cordley,  dean 
and  professor  of  zoology,  comprising  a  herbarium  of  10,000  phanero- 
gams and  vascular  cryptogams,  1500  fungi,  and  about  15,000  unclassi- 
fied specimens;  1000  minerals;  75,000  Oregon  insects;  and  a  zoological 
collection,  including  a  valuable  collection  of  Oregon  birds,  a  synoptic 
collection  of  marine  invertebrates,  and  a  small  number  of  Oregon  mam- 
mals. 

EUGENE: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  OREGON. 

The  geological  department  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of 
F.  L.  Barker,  professor  of  geology.  The  most  important  collection  is 
the  Condon  collection  of  vertebrate  fossils  from  the  John  Day  beds  and 
other  deposits  of  Eastern  Oregon.  This  material  is  cataloged  and  pre- 
pared for  exhibition.  There  are  also  about  3000  minerals  and  1000  rocks, 
including  a  collection  of  Oregon  building  and  ornamental  stones,  ores 
of  the  Pacific  coast,  etc. 

There  is  a  botanical  collection  of  about  1000  specimens,  and  a  col- 
lection of  Oregon  woods.  .In  ethnology  there  is  a  collection  of  325 
specimens  from  Oregon  Indian  tribes. 

PORTLAND: 

OREGON  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES. 

The  academy  has  been  promised  extensive  collections  when  suit- 
able fireproof  exhibition  space  is  obtained. 

OREGON  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  in  1898,  and  occupies  7  rooms  in  the 
city  hall,  where  it  maintains  a  museum  comprising  1702  specimens 
pertaining  to  the  Indian  life  and  early  settlers  of  Oregon;  and  4300 
photographs  and  pictures,  including  portraits  of  pioneers,  scenic 
views,  and  photographs  of  Indians.  The  society  also  maintains  an 
extensive  historical  library  and  publishes  a  quarterly.  The  museum 
and  library  are  in  charge  of  George  H.  Himes,  assistant  secretary 
and  curator,  and  an  assistant  curator.  The  financial  support  of  the 
society  consists  of  a  state  appropriation  of  $2500  a  year,  supplemen- 
ted by  membership  fees. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  239 

PORTLAND  ART  ASSOCIATION.     Museum  of  Art. 

STAFF.     Curator,  Annie  Bell  Crocker. 

ART.  A  large  collection  of  casts,  and  about  15,000  Braun  carbon 
photographs,  reproducing  the  paintings  and  drawings  of  the  more 
important  galleries  of  Europe. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  originated  in  the  gift  of  a 
large  collection  of  casts  by  the  late  Henry  W.  Corbett,  about  the  year 
1896.  Later,  the  collection  of  carbon  photographs  and  the  nucleus 
of  an  art  library  were  given  by  the  William  S.  Ladd  estate. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  There  is  a  small  return  yearly  from  mem- 
bership fees  and  admissions,  but  aside  from  this  the  support  of  the 
museum  comes  through  the  generosity  of  a  few  private  citizens. 

BUILDING.  A  two-story  fireproof  building  affording  about  10,000 
square  feet  of  floor  space  was  erected  in  1905,  at  a  cost  of  $30,000, 
through  the  generosity  of  Mrs.  W.  S.  Ladd.  The  site  was  bequeathed 
by  the  late  H.  W.  Corbett. 

ADMINISTRATION.   By  the  trustees  of  the  Portland  Art  Association. 

SCOPE.  The  association  offers  the  use  of  museum  and  library 
to  the  public,  to  art  classes,  and  to  the  schools  of  the  city,  and  also 
undertakes  special  exhibits  from  time  to  time  of  loan  and  traveling 
collections. 

LIBRARY.  About  265  volumes  relating  to  the  fine  arts,  and  avail- 
able for  use  by  the  public. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5. 
Admission  is  free  on  Thursday  and  Saturday  afternoons;  on  other 
days  an  admission  of  1 5  cents  is  charged.  The  attendance  for  the  year 
ending  November  31,  1908,  was  about  13,000. 

PORTLAND  FREE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.     Curator,  Chas.  F.  Wiegand. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    About  600  specimens,  chiefly  from  this  country. 

ART.  Several  thousand  prints,  photographs  and  engravings, 
framed  pictures,  and  drawings,  of  which  one-half  is  in  storage  for  lack 
of  exhibition  space. 

GEOLOGY.  About  5000  minerals  and  100  rocks  on  exhibition,  and 
about  3  tons  of  unclassified  material  in  storage. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  500  invertebrates,  100  vertebrates,  and  100 
plants,  on  exhibition,  with  about  the  same  number,  as  yet  unclassified, 
in  storage. 

ZOOLOGY.  10,000  shells,  1000  insects,  50  fishes,  15,000  birds,  and 
150  mammals,  including  4  groups  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 
There  are  over  2000  specimens  in  storage,  as  yet  unclassified. 


240  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  had  its  origin  in  the  collec- 
tion of  shells  purchased  by  the  city  in  1896  from  a  collector,  Mr.  C. 
Ross,  and  installed  in  the  city  hall.  Since  that  time  a  large  amount  of 
miscellaneous  material  has  accumulated  by  donation  and  loan,  but 
much  of  it  is  neither  classified  nor  labeled,  and  a  considerable  amount 
is  still  in  storage.  A  movement  is  now  in  progress  for  the  proper  clas- 
sification and  arrangement  of  the  collections. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  city  council  appropriates  $1000  a  year 
for  maintenance  of  the  museum. 

BUILDING.  The  collections  occupy  about  30,000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  in  the  halls  and  corridors  of  the  city  hall. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  appointed  by  the  mayor  of  the 
city  and  responsible  to  city  council. 

LIBRARY.  About  10,000  volumes,  pamphlets,  reports,  catalogs, 
etc.,  pertaining  to  every  branch  of  natural  history,  but  not  yet  ar- 
ranged. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
5  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  5.  The  average  daily  attendance  is  about 
250. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  5  acres,  established  about 
1885,  containing  8  reptiles,  148  birds,  and  286  mammals. 

PENNSYLVANIA 

ALLENTOWN: 

LEHIGH  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  museum  occupying  about  200  square  feet 
of  exhibition  space  devoted  to  the  history  of  Lehigh  County  and  the 
state  of  Pennsylvania.  Special  attention  is  given  to  the  history  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Germans. 

MUHLENBERG   COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  teaching  collections  in  connection  with  the  depart- 
ments of  chemistry  and  biology,  comprising  a  herbarium  of  3000  speci- 
mens, chiefly  from  Lehigh  County ;  a  synoptic  collection  of  about  1000 
specimens  of  invertebrates;  a  systematic  collection  of  insects,  number- 
ing about  3000  specimens;  a  series  of  local  vertebrates,  including  the 
common  species  of  fish,  reptiles,  amphibia,  birds,  and  some  mammals; 
a  general  series  of  500  minerals;  400  rock  specimens  illustrating  the 
formations  of  Pennsylvania,  etc. ;  and  about  600  fossils. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  241 

BRADFORD: 

McKEAN  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.      (Public   Library 
Building.) 

This  society  occupies  a  part  of  the  public  library  building,  in  which 
it  has  4  or  5  cases  of  historical  relics,  and  portraits  of  persons  promi- 
nent in  Pennsylvania  history.  The  society  has  been  tendered  an  im- 
portant museum  of  relics  collected  chiefly  in  foreign  countries  by  Hon. 
Lewis  Emery  Jr.,  and  is  awaiting  a  conveyance  from  the  city  of  a 
building  suitable  for  its  reception.  At  present  the  society  has  no  or- 
ganized staff  and  the  days  appointed  for  the  opening  of  its  rooms  to 
the  public  have  not  been  strictly  adhered  to.  It  is  probable  that  the 
organization  of  the  museum  will  soon  be  placed  on  a  better  basis. 

BRYNMAWR: 

BRYN  MAWR  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  in  connection  with 
the  departments  of  natural  science.  The  most  extensive  are  those  in 
geology  and  paleontology;  the  former  is  in  charge  of  Florence  Bascom, 
professor  of  geology,  the  latter  in  charge  of  C.  A.  Reeds.  The  geologi- 
cal collection  includes  15,000-20,000  minerals,  10,000  rock  speci- 
mens, and  50  specimens  of  dynamic  geology,  relief  maps,  models, 
etc.  Most  of  this  material  is  in  the  Theodore  D.  Rand  collection, 
which  is  rich  in  minerals  of  the  neighborhood  of  Philadelphia.  A 
large  collection  of  rock  specimens  and  slides  owned  by  the  United 
States  geological  survey  and  illustrating  the  crystalline  formation  of 
eastern  Pennsylvania,  also  Miss  Bascom's  private  collection  of  speci- 
mens and  slides  illustrating  foreign  and  American  geology  are  access- 
ible to  students.  The  paleontological  collections  include  15,000  inver- 
tebrates on  exhibition  and  2500  in  storage,  50  vertebrates,  and  100 
plants. 

DOYLESTOWN: 

BUCKS  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  the  following  collections  under  the  care  of 
Warren  S.  Ely,  librarian  and  curator:  an  Indian  collection  of  5000 
specimens;  about  200  prints,  engravings,  and  oil  paintings,  chiefly 
portraits  of  historical  interest; a  herbarium  of  3000  mounted  specimens 
of  local  flora;  small  collections  in  geology;  and  about  500  bird  eggs. 

The  main  portion  of  the  museum  is  devoted  to  history  and  is  clas- 
sified as  follows :  A  borigines — large  collection ;  Building  of  the  log  cabin — 
curious  and  obsolete  builders'  and  artisans'  tools;  Light  and  fire- 


242  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

making — ancient  lamps,  lanterns,  and  primitive  cooking  and  heating 
appliances ;  Domestic  industries — spinning  wheels,  flax-brakes,  hetchets, 
cards,  reels,  swingles,  rope  twisters,  samples  of  flax  (raw  and  partially 
prepared  for  weaving),  home-made  baskets,  beehives,  etc.;  Man  and 
fiwJwfl/s— traps,  guns  of  all  descriptions,  horse  gear,  curious  imple- 
ments of  peace  and  war,  apparel,  etc. ;  Agriculture — ancient  agricultural 
implements  of  all  kinds ;  Domestic  fabrics — home  made  linen  and  wool 
fabrics;  Local  pottery;  War  relics,  and  miscellaneous  local  historical 
material.  These  collections  are  fully  cataloged  and  include  2100 
entries,  some  of  which  stand  for  groups  of  objects. 

The  museum  collections  began  in  a  small  way  soon  after  the  organi- 
zation of  the  society  in  1880,  but  are  principally  the  result  of  collec- 
tions made  by  Henry  C.  Mercer  during  the  past  twenty  years.  The 
society  receives  annually  $100  from  endowment,  $200  from  the  county, 
and  about  $200  from  subscriptions  and  memberships.  The  building 
was  erected  in  1902  at  a  cost  of  $25,000  paid  for  by  donations,  lega- 
cies, and  subscription.  A  library  of  2500  bound  volumes  and  several 
thousand  pamphlets,  many  manuscripts,  deeds,  etc.,  and  files  of  local 
newspapers  from  1804.  The  society  has  published  descriptive  cata- 
logs of  various  collections  in  its  museum  and  3  volumes  of  papers  read 
at  its  meetings. 

The  museum  and  library  are  open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  8  to 
5,  and  are  visited  by  several  thousand  persons  annually. 

E  ASTON: 

LAFAYETTE  COLLEGE. 

The  scientific  departments  maintain  teaching  collections,  includ- 
ing a  large  herbarium  of  the  Pennsylvania  flora  and  a  general  collec- 
tion of  plants;  a  systematic  series  of  3000  minerals;  1000  crystals; 
500  rock  specimens  with  corresponding  sections  for  petrographic 
study;  2000  specimens,  chiefly  ore  samples,  illustrating  economic 
geology;  a  synoptic  zoological  collection;  and  1000  histological  slides. 

ERIE: 

ERIE  PUBLIC  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.     Curator,  Thomas  L.  Austin. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  783, 
foreign,  9;  Ethnology,  native,  75,  foreign,  56.  Civilized  peoples, 
modern,  8oo±. 

ART.     Prints  and  engravings,  17;  Oil  paintings,  3;  Ceramics,  40. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  243 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  509  models  of  machinery,  vehicles, 
and  manufactured  products. 

HISTORY.  One  room  devoted  to  the  history  of  Erie  County; 
360  battle  flags  of  the  revolution,  the  war  of  1812,  the  civil  war,  and 
the  Spanish- American  war;  155  specimens  from  historic  places  in 
various  foreign  countries. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  1149,  in  storage, 
2oo±;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  142;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  248, 
in  storage,  3500^. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  3550,  in  storage,  25o±;  Insects, 
1274;  Other  invertebrates,  175;  Fishes,  108;  Batrachians,  8;  Reptiles, 
70;  Birds,  388;  Mammals,  16.  Not  included  in  the  above  are  122 
corals;  57  bird  nests;  257  bird  eggs;  and  no  skulls,  horns  in  pairs, 
teeth,  tusks,  etc. 

OTHER  COLLECTIONS.  Arms, 312;  Coins,  2000;  Medals,  614;  Paper 
money,  400. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  began  in  1897  with  a  miscel- 
laneous collection  of  geological  specimens  and  has  grown  to  its  present 
proportions  entirely  by  gifts  or  loans,  the  cases  having  been  furnished 
by  the  board  of  education  through  the  library  trustees. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  sole  income  of  the  museum  is  a  vari- 
able appropriation  made  by  the  board  of  education  through  the  library 
trustees.  The  curator  draws  salary  as  an  assistant  librarian,  while 
supplies  are  paid  for  from  the  contingent  fund. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  4500  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  500  for  offices,  etc.  in  the  basement  of  the  library 
building,  erected  in  1897. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  librarian  and 
trustees  of  the  public  library. 

SCOPE.  Instruction  of  the  general  public,  maintenance  of  local 
collections,  research  by  the  staff,  and  public  school  work  are  the  aims 
of  the  museum. 

LIBRARY.  50  scientific  books  for  the  use  of  the  staff,  in  addition 
to  access  to  the  public  library. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  report  of  the  curator  is  printed  in  the  bien- 
nial report  of  the  library  trustees  and  officers. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week- 
days from  10  to  12,  1.30  to  5.30,  and  7  to  9;  on  Sundays  and  holidays 
from  2  to  5.  The  total  attendance  for  the  year  1908-9  is  41,485. 


244  DIRECTORY  OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

FRANKFORD: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  FRANKFORD. 

The  society  has  a  small  historical  collection  but  has  not  yet  organ- 
ized a  museum. 

GERMANTOWN: 

SITE  AND  RELIC  SOCIETY  OF  GERMANTOWN.     (Vernon  Park.) 

This  society  maintains  a  museum  devoted  exclusively  to  German- 
town  relics ;  and  a  reference  library  of  Germantown  imprints  and  au- 
thors, and  of  all  books  of  local  interest. 

GETTYSBURG: 

PENNSYLVANIA  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  in  charge  of  E.  S. 
Breidenbaugh,  curator,  comprising  6000  minerals  and  3000  rocks; 
and  6000  botanical  specimens,  including  a  general  herbarium  of  the 
flora  of  the  eastern  United  States. 

HARRISBURG: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  DAUPHIN  COUNTY. 

At  the  time  of  going  to  press  the  society  is  in  process  of  removal 
to  a  new  building,  making  it  impossible  to  secure  detailed  information 
concerning  its  collections.  The  museum  is  estimated  to  contain  about 
10,000  articles,  including  old-time  utensils  and  implements,  a  large 
series  of  paper  money,  coins,  badges,  personal  effects,  rare  and  curious 
papers,  documents  and  prints,  portraits,  pictures,  photographs,  deeds, 
business  papers,  accounts,  etc.,  chiefly  relating  to  Dauphin  County. 
There  is  also  a  large  collection  of  Indian  relics. 

PENNSYLVANIA  STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Director,  Thomas  Lynch  Montgomery;  Deputy  director, 
Norman  D.  Gray;  Curators,  Boyd  P.  Rothrock  (zoology),  Alicia 
M.  Zierden  (education);  Custodians,  Luther  R.  Kelker  (history); 
Assistants,  W.  J.  Durborow  (zoology),  Charles  Revie  (education); 
i  stenographer,  i  watchman,  and  4  cleaners. 

EDUCATION.  Exhibits  illustrating  elementary,  secondary,  higher, 
and  special  education,  and  school  books  and  magazines;  also  exhibits 
of  social  economy,  including  public  charities,  penal  institutions,  civic 
associations,  department  of  health,  social  systems  in  factory  and  shops, 
industrial  statistics,  and  state  banking. 

GEOLOGY.  Rocks,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  4  boxes;  Relief 
maps,  models,  etc.,  3. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  245 

HISTORY.  Objects  illustrating  the  life  of  the  early  inhabitants  of 
the  state — manuscripts,  books,  implements,  furniture,  utensils,  etc. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  collections  in  this  department  are  confined  to 
Pennsylvania,  and  represent  the  field  work  of  the  curator  and  one 
assistant.  They  include  24  cases  of  Pennsylvania  insects,  about  1000 
birds,  and  200  mammals,  mounted  or  unmounted.  Collections  of 
fishes,  batrachians,  and  reptiles  are  now  in  progress.  There  are  25 
small  groups  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings  and  several  larger  groups 
in  preparation. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    A  state  appropriation  of  $10,000  a  year. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  the  second  floor  of  the  build- 
ing of  the  State  Library. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  trustees  of 
the  State  Library. 

SCOPE.    Local  collections,  public  instruction,  and  school  work. 

ATTENDANCE.     Open  free  to  the  public  from  Q  to  4. 

HAVERFORD: 

HAVERFORD  COLLEGE.     Museum. 

The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Henry  S.  Pratt,  professor  of  biology, 
and  is  now  in  storage  awaiting  the  erection  of  a  museum  building. 
No  money  is  being  spent  on  the  museum  at  present.  It  includes  a 
good  collection  of  American  phanerogams,  ferns,  and  mosses,  with 
some  European  species;  a  collection  of  minerals  and  rocks  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  4000  European  beetles,  1075  native  and  foreign  birds, 
422  varieties  of  bird  eggs,  and  small  collections  in  other  branches  of 
zoology.  The  purpose  of  the  museum  is  college  teaching. 

LEBANON: 

LEBANON  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  miscellaneous  collection  of  local  curios 
and  relics,  and  a  historical  library.  The  contents  of  both  library  and 
museum  are  estimated  as  about  4800.  The  society  has  the  use  of  the 
grand  jury  room  in  the  county  court  house  for  its  meetings  and  col- 
lections. The  secretary  is  Dr.  S.  P.  Heilman,  Heilman  Dale,  Pa. 

MEADVILLE: 

ALLEGHENY  COLLEGE.     Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Robert  S.  Breed,  who  is  also  professor  of  biol- 
ogy; Assistant  curator,  Charles  E.  Decker,  who  is  also  instructor  in 
geology. 


246  DIRECTORY    OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ART.  A  few  well  chosen  casts  of  Greek  sculpture,  lantern  slides, 
and  photographs. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogamic  herbaria,  200± ;  Phanerogamic  herbaria, 
5oo± ;  Plants  in  fluid,  5oo± . 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  4000,  in  storage,  2000;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  100;  Relief  maps  and  models,  3.  The 
mineral  collections  are  considered  among  the  most  important  in  the 
museum,  and  include  the  Alger,  Prescott,  and  Haldeman  collections. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage, 
500,  types  and  figured  specimens,  2;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  50; 
Plants,  on  exhibition,  50,  in  storage,  2oo±.  The  collection  includes 
a  set  of  Ward  casts  mounted,  and  a  collection  of  local  fossils  soon  to  be 
exhibited.  It  is  expected  that  this  material  will  be  found  to  include 
some  new  species.  This  department  is  developing  both  local  and  sys- 
tematic collections. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  6000;  Insects,  50;  Other  invertebrates,  675; 
Fishes,  25;  Batrachians,  15;  Reptiles,  15;  Birds,  200;  Mammals,  20. 
Other  collections  include  a  set  of  embryological  models  and  mounts 
to  show  protective  coloration.  All  of  this  material  is  on  exhibition 
except  about  3000  shells.  Both  fresh  and  salt-water  aquaria  are 
maintained. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  about  1820 
by  Rev.  Timothy  Alden,  first  president  of  the  college.  It  was  largely 
increased  by  a  gift  of  about  $30,000  from  Hon.  C.  V.  Culver  in  1865. 
At  that  time  the  main  collections  of  minerals,  fossils,  and  shells,  were 
purchased  and  housed  in  Ruter  Hall,  one  of  the  college  buildings  in 
which  they  still  are.  Many  other  specimens  have  been  added  since 
this  time  through  gift  and  purchase.  The  present  curator  has  been 
developing  the  departments  of  paleontology,  zoology,  and  botany, 
chiefly  through  collections  made  by  himself  with  the  assistance  of  his 
students. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  is  dependent  for  financial 
support  upon  gifts  and  irregular  appropriations  made  by  Allegheny 
College,  seldom  amounting  to  more  than  $100  annually. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1855  at  a  cost  of  $10,000.  Number  of 
square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  4000;  for  offices, 
workrooms,  etc.,  200. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  trustees  of 
Allegheny  College. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  is  intended  primarily  for  college  teaching, 
and  secondarily  for  the  accumulation  of  local  collections  and  instruc- 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  247 

tion  of  the  general  public.  Occasional  notices  are  published  in  local 
papers. 

LIBRARY.  There  is  no  special  museum  library,  but  the  Allegheny 
College  library  contains  about  1500  works  on  geology,  botany,  and 
zoology. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  two  hours  a  week  and  the 
attendance  is  estimated  at  500  a  year. 

MYERSTOWN: 

ALBRIGHT  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  the  following  teaching  collections  in  charge 
of  Harvey  Bassler,  professor  of  biology  and  geology. 

BOTANY.     Cryptogams,  200;  Phanerogams,  800. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  1200;  Rocks,  200,  including  much  material 
from  the  neighboring  Cornwall  Ore  Hills. 

PALEONTOLOGY.    Invertebrates,  900;  Plants,  100. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  300;  Insects,  100;  Other  invertebrates,  200; 
Fishes,  20;  Batrachians,  15;  Reptiles,  20;  Birds,  30;  Mammals,  20. 

These  collections  originated  about  1880  in  Union  Seminary  of  New 
Berlin,  Pa.,  which  in  1887  became  Central  Pennsylvania  College  and 
which  in  1902  was  consolidated  with  Albright  College.  The  collec- 
tions occupy  400  square  feet  of  floor  space  in,  the  department  of  biol- 
ogy and  geology. 

NEW  BRIGHTON: 

MERRIGK  FREE  ART  GALLERY,  MUSEUM,  AND  LIBRARY. 

STAFF.  Owner  and  administrator,  E.  D.  Merrick;  In  charge  of 
lepidoptera,  Frank  A.  Merrick. 

ART.  Sculpture,  4;  Prints  and  engravings,  5ooo±;  Oil  paintings, 
600,  of  which  300  are  the  work  of  E.  D.  Merrick  and  300  the  work  of 
other  artists  of  Europe  and  the  United  States. 

GEOLOGY.     Minerals,  2500;  Rocks,  100. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  100;  Insects,  5o,ooo±;  Birds,  iooo±;  Bird 
eggs,  I5oo±.  The  insect  collection  consists  chiefly  of  moths,  butter- 
flies, and  beetles.  There  are  also  12  small  cases  of  birds  and  small 
mammals  mounted  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  institution  is  the  outgrowth  of  a  youth- 
ful enthusiasm.  The  owner,  upon  retiring  from  business  about  twenty- 
five  years  ago,  indulged  the  love  of  painting  which  had  been  an  ambi- 
tion of  his  youth,  and  arranged  the  art  galleries  to  exhibit  his  own  work, 
together  with  that  of  other  artists  acquired  by  purchase.  The  geo- 


248  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

logical  and  zoological  collections  and  the  library  are  more  recent  addi- 
tions, and  are  not  yet  fully  developed. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  is  supported  entirely  by  the 
owner,  who  has  provided  for  its  permanent  maintenance  a  fund  yield- 
ing an  annual  income  of  $12,000,  and  has  also  made  it  his  residuary 
legatee. 

BUILDING.  Three  buildings  have  been  erected,  in  1867,  1888,  and 
1901,  at  a  total  cost  of  $27,000:  these  afford  25,250  square  feet  of 
floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  about  1000  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  the  owner. 

LIBRARY.  3000-4000  volumes  on  science,  art,  history,  and  liter- 
ature. 

ATTENDANCE.     Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  4. 

NORRISTOWN: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  MONTGOMERY  COUNTY. 

The  society  maintains  a  small  museum  of  local  historical  relics. 

PHILADELPHIA: 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES.     (Logan  Square.) 

STAFF.  Officers:  President,  Samuel  G.  Dixon;  Vice-presidents, 
Arthur  Erwin  Brown,  Edwin  G.  Conklin;  Corresponding  secretary,  J. 
Percy  Moore;  Recording  secretary  and  librarian,  Edward  J.  Nolan; 
Treasurer,  George  Vaux,  Jr. ;  Board  of  curators,  Samuel  G.Dixon,  Arthur 
Erwin  Brown,  Henry  A.  Pilsbry,  Witmer  Stone.  Salaried  Staff: 
Curators, Henry  A.  Pilsbry,  Witmer  Stone;  Assistants,  Henry  Skinner, 
Stewardson  Brown,  Henry  W.  Fowler,  Edw.  G.  Yanatta,  J.  Percy 
Moore,  James  A.  G.  Rehn;  Preparator,  David  McCadden;  Assistant 
librarian,  Wm.  J.  Fox ;  Aides,  Ada  Allen  (herbarium) ,  E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr. 
(entomology) ;  Harriet  N.  Wardle  (library) .  The  officers  and  1 2  coun- 
cilors constitute  the  council  of  the  academy  and  transact  its  business. 
The  board  of  curators  has  immediate  charge  of  the  museum. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples,  21,500.  This  collection 
includes  the  Morton  collection  of  noo  crania,  the  Clarence  B.  Moore 
collection  from  the  Indian  mounds  of  Georgia  and  Florida,  the  col- 
lection of  the  Peary  relief  expedition  from  Greenland,  and  the  Halde- 
man  remains  of  North  American  Indians  and  native  tribes  of  British 
Guiana. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogamic  herbarium,  50,000,  including  ioo±  types 
and  figured  specimens;  Phanerogamic  herbarium,  604,000,  including 
a  large  number  of  types  and  figured  specimens.  Among  special  col- 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  249 

lections  may  be  mentioned  those  of  Buchley,  LeConte,  Nuttall,  Read, 
Shortt,  and  others;  a  large  herbarium  of  old  world  plants;  the  Ellis 
and  Everhart  collection  of  fungi;  and  the  George  A.  Rex  collection  of 
Myxomycetes. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals  and  rocks,  29,000,  including  the  William  S. 
Vaux  collection,  maintained  and  enlarged  from  a  special  endowment 
fund.  In  historical  geology  an  extensive  collection  is  available  for 
study  but  is  not  arranged  for  exhibition. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  46,000  specimens,  including  many  types  and 
figured  specimens.  Among  special  collections  are  the  Lea  collection 
of  eocene  fossils,  the  Joseph  Wilcox  collection  of  pliocene  fossils,  the 
Conrad  and  Gabb  collections,  and  many  vertebrate  types  of  Cope  and 
Leidy. 

ZOOLOGY.  1,500,000  specimens:  Shells,  200,000  trays,  said  to  be 
the  largest  collection  in  America,  and  including  many  type  specimens 
described  by  Tryon,  Lea,  Say,  Pilsbry,  and  others;  Insects,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 2000,  in  storage,  370,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  59oo±, 
including  the  Martindale  collection  of  lepidoptera  and  the  George 
H.  Horn  collection  of  coleoptera;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
500,  in  storage,  11,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  ioo±;  Fishes, 
40,000,  including  the  Bonaparte  collection  and  many  types  and  figured 
specimens;  Batrachians  and  reptiles,  18,000,  including  many  types 
and  figured  specimens  described  by  Cope;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  9000, 
in  storage,  50,500,  types,  6oo±,  including  many  of  Cassin,  Gould,  and 
Townsend,  and  forming  one  of  the  best  collections  in  America;  Mam- 
mals, on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  12,000,  types  and  figured  speci- 
mens, 5o± ;  Local  collections,  a  special  exhibition  room  is  devoted  to 
the  natural  history  of  eastern  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey  and  con- 
tains the  collection  of  the  Delaware  Valley  Ornithological  Club. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  academy  was  founded  in  1812  and  has 
had  several  locations,  the  present  site  being  occupied  in  1876.  The 
building  was  remodeled  and  enlarged  in  1894  and  1908.  It  now  con- 
tains 100,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  50,000  for 
offices,  workrooms,  etc.,  besides  the  library. 

SCOPE.  Special  emphasis  is  placed  upon  exploration  and  research 
by  the  staff,  and  upon  publication.  Instruction  of  the  general  public 
is  carried  on  by  the  maintenance  of  a  free  museum  and  by  courses  of 
free  lectures. 

LIBRARY.  The  library  is  the  most  extensive  natural  history  li- 
brary in  America,  and  is  noted  for  its  complete  files  of  early  foreign 
scientific  journals,  and  its  remarkably  fine  series  of  systematic  works  in 


250  DIRECTORY   OF  AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

all  branches  of  zoology  and  botany.  The  bound  volumes  number 
65,000,  and  many  pamphlets  and  journals  are  still  unbound.  The 
library  is  now  housed  in  a  new  fireproof  building  and  arranged  on  steel 
stacks,  while  adjoining  it  is  a  commodious  reading  room. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  academy  has  published  a  Journal  of  which  the 
first  series  of  8  volumes  extended  from  1817  to  1839; the  second  series 
began  in  1847  and  includes  13  volumes  up  to  1908.  The  Proceedings 
of  the  academy  have  been  issued  in  60  volumes  from  1841  to  1908. 
Additional  publications  include  a  manual  of  conchology,  the  Transac- 
tions of  the  American  Entomological  Society,  1867-1908,  and  the 
Entomological  News,  1890-1908. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week- 
days from  9  to  5,  and  on  Sundays  from  i  to  5.  The  library  is  not  open 
on  Sundays.  Books  are  not  allowed  to  be  taken  from  the  building. 

AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  collections  of  this  society  have  accumulated  since  1859  by 
gift,  purchase,  and  exchange.  In  the  early  days  many  specimens 
were  purchased  for  the  society  by  the  late  Dr.  T.  B.  Wilson;  in  1860 
Mr.  E.  P.  Cresson  presented  his  entire  collection  of  coleoptera;  in 
1863  a  large  collection  of  European  moths  was  presented  by  W.  H. 
Edwards;  in  1864  Dr.  T.  B.  Wilson  presented  the  original  collection 
of  Professor  Felipe  Poey  of  Havana;  in  1885  W.  H.  Ashmead  presented 
types  of  many  of  his  species  of  parasitic  hymenoptera.  The  collec- 
tions also  include  the  Charles  Wilt  collection  of  coleoptera;  the  Von 
Osten  Sacken  collection  of  dipterous  insects  and  cynipidous  galls; 
the  George  H.  Horn  collection  of  over  67,000  coleoptera,  including 
many  types;  the  H.  F.  Bassett  collection  of  cynipidae,  including  nearly 
all  his  types;  the  S.  N.  Dunning  collection  of  hymenoptera;  the  B. 
Clemens  collection  of  micro-moths,  containing  nearly  all  his  types; 
the  C.  A.  Blake  collection  of  lepidoptera;  and  the  Cresson  collection  of 
hymenoptera,  containing  75,000-100,000  specimens  and  2000-3000 
types. 

The  society  occupies  rooms  in  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences 
(Logan  Square)  under  the  terms  of  an  agreement  made  in  1895,  by 
which  the  society  agreed  to  continue  its  library  and  collections,  in 
charge  of  its  librarian  and  curator,  subject  to  the  by-laws  of  the  acad- 
emy, in  such  space  as  may  be  provided  by  the  academy.  It  is  pro- 
vided that  no  person  shall  be  eligible  for  membership  in  the  Entomo- 
logical Society  who  is  not  already  a  member  of  the  Academy  of  Natural 
Sciences.  The  collections  are  in  charge  of  Henry  Skinner,  curator. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  25 1 

AMERICAN  NEGRO  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  has  a  small  collection  of  pictures,  pamphlets,  and  curios 
connected  with  negro  slavery  in  the  United  States.  George  W.  Mitchell, 
908  Walnut  Street,  is  corresponding  secretary. 

DREXEL  INSTITUTE  MUSEUM.     (Chestnut  and  32nd  St.) 

STAFF.  Curator,  Mary  T.  MacAlister;  Attendant  in  picture  gal- 
lery, Elizabeth  C.  Niemann;  minor  employees  are  detailed  from  the 
staff  of  the  institute  for  special  duties  in  the  museum. 

ART.  A  gallery  of  paintings  comprising  the  Anthony  J.  Drexel 
and  John  D.  Lankenau  bequests;  casts  from  the  antique;  modern 
sculpture;  French  and  English  prints;  oriental  and  European  ceramics; 
metal  work;  furniture  and  wood  carving;  and  textiles.  Among  special 
collections  may  be  mentioned  the  series  of  Egyptian  antiquities  col- 
lected by  Brugsch  in  1895;  tne  George  W.  Childs  collection  of  carved 
ivories;  Sevres  white  and  gold  ware  of  the  Louis  Philippe  and  Napoleon 
III  periods;  hand-printed  cottons  of  India;  fragments  of  European 
silks  and  velvets  of  the  i5th  to  the  i8th  century. 

COMMERCE  AND  FINANCE.    A  small  collection. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  begun  in  1892  as  a  part 
of  the  work  of  the  Drexel  Institute  of  Art,  Science,  and  Industry. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  appropriations  from  the  general  funds 
of  the  institute,  and  by  gifts. 

BUILDING.  The  building  was  erected  in  1891,  and  the  museum 
occupies  8700  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  president  and 
a  committee  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  institute. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  purpose  of  the  museum  is  the  instruction 
and  artistic  cultivation  of  the  students  of  the  institute,  but  the  privi- 
leges of  the  museum  are  extended  to  the  public. 

LIBRARY.  36,000  volumes  intended  for  the  use  of  the  staff,  stu- 
dents, and  the  public. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sundays  and 
holidays,  from  October  to  March,  from  9  to  6.  No  statistics  of  at- 
tendance are  available. 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PENNSYLVANIA.     (1300  Locust  St.) 

The  society  maintains  a  large  collection  of  local  historical  por- 
traits and  relics,  in  charge  of  John  W.  Jordan,  librarian.  Among  the 
artists  represented  are:  Hesselins,  West,  Copley,  Stuart,  Peale, 
Polk,  Wurtmiiller,  Pine,  Wright,  Sully,  Eicholtz,  Inman,  Read,  Pettit, 
and  Lambdin. 


252  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

INDEPENDENCE  HALL  AND  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Superintendent  of  buildings,  James  McCormack;  Cur- 
ator in  charge,  Wilfred  Jordan;  Assistant,  Sarah  Wilson;  3  engineers, 
i  special  officer,  8  guards,  3  night  guards,  and  5  janitors. 

ART.  Sculpture,  25;  Prints  and  engravings,  1000;  Oil  paintings, 
500+;  Water  colors,  20;  Crayons,  50.  This  collection  includes  many 
valuable  portraits  of  the  colonial  and  revolutionary  period. 

HISTORY.  Colonial  and  revolutionary  relics,  many  of  which  are 
very  valuable. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  appropriation  of  $12,860  from  the 
city. 

BUILDING.  Independence  Hall  comprises  three  main  build- 
ings. The  central  building  was  designed  by  Andrew  Hamilton,  and 
erected  about  1736  by  the  province  of  Pennsylvania;  the  two  others 
were  erected  after  the  close  of  the  Revolution  for  the  county  of  Phil- 
adelphia. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  the  bureau  of  city  property  in  association 
with  an  advisory  board  of  8  members  appointed  by  the  mayor. 

LIBRARY.     A  few  reference  books  intended  for  the  use  of  the  staff. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sunday  from 
9  to  4.  No  statistics  of  attendance  are  available  but  the  number 
of  visitors  is  estimated  at  1,000,000  a  year. 

NUMISMATIC  AND  ANTIQUARIAN   SOCIETY  OF  PHILADEL- 
PHIA. 

This  society  does  not  maintain  a  museum  of  its  own  but  has  on 
deposit  with  the  Pennsylvania  Museum  in  Memorial  Hall,  Fairmount 
Park,  about  5000  coins  and  medals.  The  society  was  founded  in 
1858  and  maintains  a  library  of  1500  books  and  4000  pamphlets  at 
1300  Locust  Street. 

PENNSYLVANIA  ACADEMY  OF  FINE  ARTS.     Museum. 

STAFF.     Secretary  and  manager,  John  E.  D.  Trask. 

ART.  General  collections  representing  the  various  schools  and 
periods  in  art;  a  collection  of  American  paintings,  said  to  be  the  best 
iri  existence;  examples  of  sculpture,  and  nearly  50,000  engravings  and 
etchings.  The  series  of  American  paintings  begins  with  those  of 
Benjamin  West,  Charles  Willson  Peale,  Gilbert  Stuart,  and  Wash- 
ington Allston,  and  continues  with  the  works  of  Trumbull,  KrimmelJ, 
Gray,  Huntington,  and  May,  with  representative  portraits  by  Rem- 
brandt, Peale,  Sully,  Eicholtz,  Neagle,  and  Inman,  thus  bringing  the 
series  to  the  period  of  contemporary  art. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  253 

There  are  the  following  special  collections:  The  Carey  collec- 
tion consists  of  examples  of  the  earlier  British  school  of  painters,  with 
a  number  of  works  by  American  artists.  The  Temple  collection  has 
been  accumulated  with  the  income  from  a  fund  established  in  1880  by 
Joseph  E.  Temple  for  the  purchase  of  works  of  American  artists  shown 
in  the  exhibitions  of  the  academy;  it  now  includes  36  paintings.  The 
Gibson  collection  was  received  in  1896  by  bequest  of  Henry  C.  Gibson, 
and  consists  of  5  pieces  of  sculpture  and  98  paintings,  principally 
masterpieces  of  contemporary  French  and  German  art.  The  Field 
collection  of  paintings,  chiefly  works  painted  before  the  igth  century, 
was  received  in  1887  as  the  gift  of  John  W.  Field  and  his  wife.  The 
print  collection  includes  the  John  S.  Phillips  collection  of  about  40,000 
engravings  and  etchings  bequeathed  by  him  to  the  academy. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  This  is  said  to  be  the  oldest  art  institution  in 
the  United  States,  having  been  organized  in  1805  in  Independence  Hall. 
Its  first  building,  supposed  to  have  been  designed  by  Benjamin 
Latrobe,  was  erected  on  the  north  side  of  Chestnut  Street.  By  1870 
the  requirements  of  the  academy  had  outgrown  this  building  and  in 
1876  the  present  building  was  completed  and  dedicated. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  endowment  of  the  institution  was  under- 
taken in  1886,  when  $100,000  was  subscribed  for  this  purpose.  This 
has  since  been  increased  to  $202,000.  The  Temple  fund  consists  of 
$60,000,  the  income  of  which  is  expended  one-half  for  the  acquirement 
of  pictures  and  the  award  of  the  Temple  medal,  and  one-half  for  the 
current  expenses  of  the  academy.  The  Gibson  collection  is  maintained 
by  the  income  of  a  special  fund  of  $io,coo.  The  Phillips  collection 
has  an  endowment  of  $12,000  for  its  care  and  increase. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1876  at  a  cost  of  $543,000  from  designs 
prepared  by  Furness  and  Hewitt,  the  building  has  a  frontage  of  100 
feet  and  a  depth  of  265  feet,  and  contains  in  addition  to  the  galleries, 
print  room,  and  library,  the  executive  offices,  schools,  and  lecture 
room. 

SCOPE.  In  addition  to  the  permanent  collections,  annual  exhibi- 
tions are  held  which  bring  together  some  of  the  best  examples  of  Ameri- 
can painting  and  sculpture.  The  academy  also  maintains  the  oldest 
school  in  America  devoted  exclusively  to  the  cultivation  of  the  fine 
arts. 

LIBRARY.    An  excellent  art  library. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5 
and  on  Sundays  from  i  to  5.  The  attendance  in  1909  was  182,228. 


254  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

PENNSYLVANIA  MUSEUM.     (Memorial  Hall,  Fairmount  Park.) 

STAFF.  Director,  and  curator  of  American  pottery  and  porcelain, 
Edwin  Atlee  Barber;  Assistant  curator,  Mrs.  Cornelius  Stevenson; 
Honorary  curators,  F.  D.  Langenheim  (numismatics),  Mrs.  John 
Harrison  (textiles,  lace,  and  embroidery),  Mrs.  Jones  Wister  (orien- 
tal pottery),  Alfred  D.  Pell  (European  porcelain),  Cornelius  Steven- 
son (arms  and  armor),  Mrs.  W.  D.  Frishmuth  (musical  instruments), 
Alexander  S.  Calder  (sculpture,  marbles,  and  casts),  Augustav  Ket- 
terer  (furniture  and  woodwork),  Charles  E.  Dana  (prints,  manuscripts, 
book  plates,  and  historic  seals) ;  Librarian  and  registrar,  Frances  C. 
Wolfe;  3  general  assistants,  i  foreman,  10  guards,  3  engineers,  2  night 
watchmen,  and  i  catalog  seller. 

ART.  40,000  specimens  of  industrial,  decorative,  and  fine  art,  as 
follows:  Sculpture  in  marble,  stone,  and  unglazed  terra  cotta,  434; 
Mosaics,  6;  Carvings  in  ivory,  bone,  and  horn,  565;  Woodworking, 
book  panels,  furniture,  picture  frames,  marquetry,  lacquer,  and  bas- 
ket-work, 854;  metalwork,  iron,  steel,  copper,  lead,  bronze,  brass,  and 
pewter,  1826;  Coins,  medals,  medallions,  and  embossed  plaques,  5000; 
Arms  and  armor,  262;  Silversmith's  work,  including  plate,  5 14;  Jewelry 
and  goldsmith's  work,  gems,  crystals,  carved  shell,  amber,  coral,  lapis 
lazuli,  etc.,  508;  Enamels  on  metals,  388;  Pottery,  earthen  and  stone- 
ware, 5000;  Porcelain,  3000;  Glass  vessels,  mirrors,  and  personal  orna- 
ments, such  as  beads,  rings,  etc.,  not  jewelry,  810;  Painted  and  stained 
glass,  69;  Leather  work,  including  bookbinding,  79;  Textiles  and  em- 
broideries, 1236;  Lace,  566;  Musical  instruments,  317;  Oil  paintings, 
280;  Water  colors,  drawings,  fans,  miniatures,  engravings,  and  books 
illuminated  and  with  engravings,  373.  The  collections  of  American 
pottery,  porcelain,  and  glass  are  the  largest  and  most  comprehensive 
in  existence. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Pennsylvania  Museum  and  School  of 
Industrial  Art  was  chartered  in  1876  for  the  purpose  of  establishing 
a  museum  of  art  in  all  its  branches  and  technical  application,  with  a 
special  view  to  the  development  of  the  art  industries  of  the  state,  and 
to  maintain  practical  schools,  special  libraries,  etc.,  for  instruction  in 
drawing,  painting,  modeling,  designing,  etc.  The  museum  in  Memo- 
rial Hall  was  opened  in  1877,  and  the  collections  have  been  open  free 
to  the  public  since  1881. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  annual  income  of  the  museum  is  as 
follows:  from  general  endowment,  $1652;  from  Temple  trust  fund, 
for  purchase  of  art  objects,  $13,000;  from  subscriptions  and  member- 
ships, $1350;  from  the  Fairmount  Park  commissioners  for  mainte- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  255 

nance  of  building,  $11,000;  total,  $27,002  (1908).  The  income  given 
for  the  museum  is  independent  of  the  income  for  the  maintenance  of 
the  school. 

BUILDING.  Completed  in  1876  for  the  Centennial  Exhibition 
but  designed  as  a  permanent  art  museum.  The  cost  was  $1,500,000, 
of  which  the  state  paid  two- thirds  and  the  city  one- third.  The  Penn- 
sylvania Museum  occupies  70,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  this 
building,  which  also  accommodates  the  Wilstach  Art  Gallery. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director  and  a  museum  committee,  re- 
sponsible to  a  board  of  trustees. 

SCOPE.  The  purposes  of  the  museum  are  the  development  of  the 
industries  of  the  state,  furnishing  material  for  instruction  in  the  school, 
research  by  the  staff,  and  the  maintenance  of  a  bureau  of  identification. 

LIBRARY.  About  2600  titles  on  art  subjects  intended  for  use  of 
both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annual  reports,  33  issued  to  1910.  (2)  Mu- 
seum Bulletin,  issued  quarterly  since  January  1903.  (3)  Monographs 
and  catalogs,  about  30.  (4)  Art  handbooks,  2.  (5)  Art  primers,  4. 
(6)  A  general  handbook  of  the  museum. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  every  day  in  the  year; 
Sundays,  i  to  6,  Mondays,  12  to  5,  other  days,  9  to  5.  The  average 
yearly  attendance  is  about  400,000. 

THE  PHILADELPHIA  MUSEUMS. 

STAFF.  Director,  W.  P.  Wilson;  Secretary,  Wilfred  H.  Schoff; 
Curator,  Charles  R.  Toothaker;  Curator's  assistants,  George  T.  Hast- 
ings, Geo.  P.  Goll,  B.  Meade  Wagenseller;  Photographer,  Fred  D. 
Maisch;  Librarian,  John  J.  MacFarlane;  Chief  of  foreign  trade  bureau, 
Dudley  Bartlett;  Editor  of  bureau  publications,  Horace  S.  Morrison; 
Chief  assistant  in  the  bureau,  George  C.  Gibson;  Superintendent  of 
buildings  and  grounds,  C.  D.  Williason;  2  stenographers;  i  cashier; 
6  minor  curatorial  assistants;  2  assistants  in  photography;  3  assistants 
in  the  library;  23  clerks,  stenographers,  translators,  and  printers  in 
the  foreign  trade  bureau;  8  watchmen  and  guards;  5  cleaners;  i  engi- 
neer and  an  assistant;  2  firemen;  a  variable  number  of  carpenters  and 
painters. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  exhibits  are  both  geographic  and  mono- 
graphic. In  the  geographic  exhibits  the  object  is  to  show  in  one  place 
all  that  pertains  to  the  people,  industries,  and  products  of  one  coun- 
try. The  monographic  exhibits  show  the  different  varieties  of  one 
substance  or  of  one  group  of  articles  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 


256  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

The  geographic  exhibits  shown  at  the  present  time  are  from  Japan, 
China,  Indo-China,  Siam,  India,  Ceylon,  Siberia,  the  Philippines, 
South  Sea  Islands,  Hawaii,  Egypt,  Tunis,  Algeria,  Morocco,  Soudan, 
Senegal,  Guinea,  Liberia,  Dahomey,  Congo,  Somaliland,  German  East 
Africa,  British  Central  Africa,  Cape  Colony,  Madagascar,  all  the  repub- 
lics of  South  America,  Central  America,  Mexico,  and  the  West  Indies. 

The  monographic  exhibits  are  classified  as  cereals,  legumes  and 
food  stuffs,  beverages,  spices,  fibers,  oil  seeds,  woods,  gums  and  resins, 
ores,  economic  minerals,  skins,  hides  and  leathers,  silk,  etc.  The  Phil- 
ippine exhibit  alone  covers  14,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  and  is 
typical  of  the  geographic  exhibits.  It  contains  large  series  of  Manila 
hemp,  rice,  gutta  percha,  and  other  raw  products,  showing  all  the  com- 
mercial grades  and  varieties.  Pina,  maguey,  cotton,  and  other  fibers 
are  shown  in  great  variety,  with  samples  of  the  various  textiles  made 
by  the  Filipinos.  There  is  a  large  collection  of  Philippine  woods, 
ores,  and  economic  minerals.  More  than  half  the  exhibit  might  be 
classified  as  ethnology  for  it  contains  everything  that  is  necessary  to 
show  the  life  and  industries  of  the  people.  In  includes  house  models, 
life-size  groups  showing  the  people  engaged  in  their  customary  occu- 
pations, series  of  basketry,  matting,  household  utensils,  weapons,  tools, 
agricultural  implements,  etc. 

The  geographic  exhibits  are  especially  rich  in  material  from  West 
and  Central  Africa, 'China,  Japan,  and  the  Philippines.  There  are 
now  on  exhibition  16  life-size  figures. 

The  number  of  specimens  is  hard  to  estimate,  as  it  has  not  yet 
been  possible  to  catalog  the  collections.  There  are  probably  50,000 
ethnological  specimens.  Much  of  the  material  might  be  classed  as 
ethnology,  economic  botany,  geology,  zoology,  industrial  art,  and  com- 
merce. Under  art  there  is  a  series  of  paintings  in  oil  by  Japanese  art- 
ists of  the  modern  school  who  have  studied  in  Europe.  Contrasting 
with  these  is  a  series  of  paintings  by  foremost  Japanese  artists  in  the 
old  style.  An  exhibit  showing  the  history  of  commerce  covers  6000 
square  feet  of  floor  space  and  includes  a  series  of  models  accurately 
made  to  one  scale  showing  merchant  vessels  of  the  world  in  the  types 
used  since  earliest  times.  A  series  of  maps  indicates  the  changes  of 
national  boundaries  in  their  relation  to  the  development  of  important 
commerical  highways  and  trade  routes  from  the  dawn  of  history. 
Samples  of  the  most  important  articles  of  commerce  in  each  period 
are  shown  with  the  maps.  The  exhibit  is  supplemented  with  a  large 
series  of  pictures  showing  typical  means  of  transportation  from  the 
most  primitive  to  the  most  modern  methods. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  .        257 

FOREIGN  TRADE  BUREAU.  This  bureau  is  devoted  chiefly  to  the 
development  of  international  trade .  It  has  a  very  complete  equipment 
and  an  extensive  chain  of  correspondents  throughout  the  world  which 
enable  it  to  furnish  information  regarding  foreign  markets  and  business 
methods.  It  maintains  a  translation  department  by  the  aid  of  which 
exporting  houses  can  carry  on  correspondence  with  their  clients  in  all 
parts  of  the  world  in  any  language.  It  also  receives  thousands  of 
inquiries  annually  from  foreign  merchants  desiring  to  purchase  Amer- 
ican-made goods.  These  inquiries  are  promptly  turned  over  to  man- 
ufacturers in  a  position  to  supply  the  lines  asked  for. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Philadelphia  Museums  were  organized 
in  1894.  The  first  department  developed  was  the  Commercial  Mu- 
seum, with  exhibits  of  commercial  products  of  all  kinds,  designed 
chiefly  to  aid  merchants  and  manufacturers  in  securing  foreign  trade. 
Educational  work  has  since  become  an  important  activity  in  the  mu- 
seum. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  a  variable  income 
from  the  city.  The  amounts  appropriated  for  1909  were  as  follows: 
maintenance,  $40,000;  repairs,  $2000;  grounds,  $1000; power  house, 
$3000;  supplies,  $12,000.  Special  appropriations  are  received  from 
the  state  legislature  for  special  purposes.  In  1909  appropriations 
to  run  two  years  were  made  as  follows:  For  preparation  and  in- 
stallation of  exhibits,  $20,000;  for  permanent  improvement  of 
buildings,  $25,000;  for  educational  work  in  the  state,  $25,000. 

The  Foreign  Trade  Bureau  is  supported  by  subscriptions  from  bus- 
iness firms  which  use  its  services.  $36,000  was  received  from  this 
source  in  1909. 

BUILDINGS.  There  are  three  permanent  exhibition  buildings 
originally  constructed  by  the  United  States  government  for  the  Na- 
tional Export  Exposition  in  1899.  Improvements  on  these  buildings 
have  been  made  by  appropriations  from  the  state  and  city.  There  are 
178,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  and  34,000 
for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  The  buildings  are  so  constructed  that  the 
floor  space  may  be  nearly  doubled  when  necessary.  There  is  in  addi- 
tion a  power  house  built  of  granite  and  steel  at  a  cost  of  about  $100,000, 
and  a  storage  building  with  a  floor  area  of  120,000  square  feet,  a  green- 
house, stable,  tool  house,  etc.  The  total  cost  of  the  buildings  to  date 
has  been  about  $850,000. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trus- 
tees composed  of  prominent  citizens  who  hold  office  by  appointment 
of  the  mayor,  and  eight  ex-officio  members,  including  the  governor 
of  Pennsylvania,  the  mayor  of  Philadelphia,  and  other  officials. 


258  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

SCOPE.  The  aims  of  the  institution  are  (i)  to  give  information  to 
American  manufacturers  and  foreign  and  domestic  merchants,  in 
order  to  aid  the  business  interests  of  the  United  States.  (2)  To  assist 
in  the  education  of  children  of  Pennsylvania,  especially  along  geo- 
graphical and1  commercial  lines.  (3)  By  means  of  attractive  exhibits 
and  lectures  to  interest  and  instruct  the  general  public.  Lectures  are 
given  daily  to  classes  from  the  city  schools  and  there  are  frequent 
lectures  to  the  general  public.  Collections  of  commercial  products  are 
extensively  and  systematically  distributed  free  to  public  high  schools 
and  all  the  lower  grades  in  Pennsylvania.  These  are  supplemented 
by  many  sets  of  lantern  slides,  accompanied  by  descriptive  lectures, 
stereopticons,  and  screens,  loaned  without  charge. 

LIBRARY.  26,000  books  and  46,000  pamphlets.  These  books 
cover  every  subject  bearing  on  the  trade,  industries,  and  resources  of 
this  and  foreign  lands.  623  trade  papers  are  received  regularly,  of 
which  350  are  from  foreign  countries;  also  the  official  gazettes  from  60 
different  governments,  as  well  as  statistical,  geographical,  and  other 
periodicals.  The  publications  containing  the  statistics  of  imports 
and  exports  of  70  different  governments  are  regularly  received.  There 
are  410  directories  in  the  library,  of  which  280  are  foreign,  including 
nearly  all  the  large  cities  throughout  the  world  and  all  the  cities  of  the 
United  States  with  100,000  population.  The  library  is  unique  in  its 
collections  of  statistical  publications,  directories,  trade  papers,  and 
consular  reports  of  our  own  and  other  nations.  It  contains  also  a  large 
number  of  scientific  publications  and  works  pertaining  to  the  various 
industries.  Books  of  travel  as  necessary  adjuncts  to  commercial 
information  are  kept  up  to  date.  There  is  also  a  valuable  collection 
of  books  on  the  history  of  commerce. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Annual  reports;  miscellaneous  bulletins  descrip- 
tive of  the  exhibits  and  educational  work;  and  frequent  reports  of  a 
statistical  nature  bearing  on  foreign  commerce.  The  Foreign  Trade 
Bureau  publishes  Commercial  America,  circulated  abroad  for  the  pur- 
pose of  informing  foreign  buyers  concerning  export  goods  made  in  this 
country,  and  the  Weekly  Bulletin,  circulated  among  manufacturers 
in  this  country  for  the  purpose  of  informing  them  of  foreign  trade  con- 
ditions. A  series  of  reprints  of  writings  illustrating  the  history  of 
commerce  is  also  under  preparation. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  Q  to 
5  and  on  Sundays  from  i  to  5. 


BUFFALO  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  259 

PRESBYTERIAN  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY.  Museum  and  Gallery. 
(Witherspoon  Building.  ( 

This  society  maintains  a  museum  with  collections  relating  to  the 
history  of  Presbyterian  churches  in  the  United  States,  as  follows: 
church  seals,  arms,  etc.;  io,ooo±  prints  and  drawings;  communion 
tokens;  pewter  and  silver  plate;  church  furniture;  miscellaneous  relics; 
and  an  extensive  collection  of  books  and  manuscripts.  These  col- 
lections are  in  charge  of  Alfred  Percival  Smith,  curator,  and  are  open 
free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  10  to  5,  except  on  Saturday,  when 
the  hours  are  10  to  12. 

UNITED  STATES  MINT.     Numismatic  Collection. 

This  collection  was  established  in  1838  and  has  been  increased 
slowly  by  a  small  allowance  from  the  incidental  and  contingent  appro- 
priation of  the  mint.  It  now  includes  about  20,000  coins  and  medals 
representing  nearly  all  countries  and  arranged  geographically  and 
chronologically.  It  occupies  2025  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhi- 
bition and  is  open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sundays  and  holidays 
from  9  to  3.30.  The  attendance  in  1909  was  about  100,000.  The 
collection  is  in  charge  of  T.  L.  Comparette,  curator. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  PENNSYLVANIA. 

Teaching  collections  are  maintained  in  connection  with  the  several 
science  departments  of  the  university  as  follows : 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  23,000  sheets;  1200  alcoholic  museum 
specimens  illustrating  comparative  morphology;  an  extensive  collection 
of  alcoholic  specimens  for  class  use;  a  set  of  De  Royle  botanical  models; 
and  a  botanic  garden  including  3200  species  of  living  plants. 

GEOLOGY.  An  exhibition  series  of  20,000  minerals,  representing 
nearly  all  known  species  and  including  the  Genth,  Cope,  Howell,  Clay, 
Bement,  and  Cardeza  collections;  2000 specimens  of  rocks  illustrating 
the  typical  formations  of  America  and  Europe;  2000  specimens  of 
economic  geology,  including  ores  from  all  the  principal  western  mining 
localities;  and  a  series  illustrating  historical  geology. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  15,000  specimens,  including  a  series  of  fossils 
from  the  paleozoic  formations  of  New  York,  some  of  which  are  the 
type  specimens  described  in  the  Paleontology  of  New  York;  a  dupli- 
cate set  of  a  part  of  the  invertebrate  fossils  collected  by  the  geological 
survey  of  Pennsylvania;  cretaceous  fossils  from  the  western  states; 
cenozoic  and  mesozoic  fossils  from  the  Gulf  and  Atlantic  coasts.  There 
are  also  monographic  collections  of  certain  groups,  e.g.,  Bryozoaby 
Ulric,  and  Ostracoda  by  Bassler. 


260  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ZOOLOGY.  The  osteological  collection  of  Prof.  E.  D.  Cope,  includ- 
ing his  series  of  mammalian  skeletons,  and  the  Hyrtl  collection  of 
nearly  1000  beautifully  prepared  fish  skeletons;  10,000  invertebrates, 
including  the  Leidy  collection  of  parasites;  the  Wheatley  collection 
of  fresh- water  mollusks  of  the  world;  and  material  obtained  from  the 
Bahamas  and  Jamaica  by  the  university  expedition  of  1887  and  1890- 
91.  There  are  also  models  and  preparations  illustrating  embryology 
and  anatomy;  and  a  vivarium  containing  living  marine,  fresh- water, 
and  land  animals. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  PENNSYLVANIA.     The  University  Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  G.  B.  Gordon.  Anthropological  section:  Cur- 
ator, G.  B.  Gordon;  Assistant  curator,  George  H.  Pepper  (American 
archeology  and  ethnology) ;  Assistants,  Frank  G.  Speck  and  Edward 
Sapir  (general  ethnology).  Babylonian  cind  general  Semitic  section: 
Curator,  Hermann  V.  Hilprecht;  Assistant  curator,  Albert  T.  Clay. 
Egyptian  section:  Curator,  David  Randall-Maclver;  Assistant  cur- 
ator, C.  Leonard  Woolley.  Mediterranean  section:  Curator,  Wil- 
liam N.  Bates. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  anthropological  section  contains  large  col- 
lections of  American  ethnology  and  archeology,  notably  the  George 
G.  Haye  collection;  collections  from  Borneo  and  other  parts  of  the 
Malay  Archipelago;  and  a  general  ethnological  collection.  There  is 
also  a  collection  of  European  prehistoric  archeology. 

The  Babylonian  and  general  Semitic  section  contains  a  large  num- 
ber of  cuneiform  tablets  and  other  valuable  antiquities  discovered  by 
the  Babylonian  expedition  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  during 
several  years  exploration  at  Nippur. 

The  Egyptian  section  has  been  a  subscriber  for  many  years  to  the 
Egypt  exploration  fund  and  the  Egyptian  research  account,  and  the 
museum  has  also  sent  several  expeditions  to  excavate  in  Egypt  and 
Nubia.  The  collections  which  have  been  gathered  from  these  various 
sources  are  among  the  largest  and  most  important  in  the  country. 
They  are  especially  rich  in  pre-dynastic  material,  and  represent  ad- 
mirably the  various  dynasties  down  to  the  Roman  period.  A  notable 
feature  is  the  unique  collection  of  Nubian  antiquities  discovered  by  the 
Coxe  expedition. 

The  Mediterranean  section  contains  valuable  collections  of  marbles, 
pottery,  and  bronze  objects  from  Greece  and  Italy,  and  includes  a  not- 
able collection  of  Etruscan  antiquities,  and  a  valuable  Cretan  collec- 
tion made  by  excavations  carried  on  at  Gournia  under  the  auspices 
of  the  museum.  * 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  261 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     Entirely  from  private  sources. 

BUILDING.  The  building  is  of  brick,  and  was  planned  in  1898  to 
be  built  in  sections,  of  which  about  one-fifth  has  already  been  erected. 

SCOPE.  The  scope  of  the  museum  is  archeological  and  ethnolog- 
ical, the  archeology  coming  down  as  late  as  the  Roman  period.  It 
is  intended  to  afford  the  university  material  for  instruction  and  inves- 
tigation and  to  offer  free  educational  facilities  to  the  public. 

LIBRARY.  A  reference  library  is  maintained  in  the  museum  pri- 
marily for  the  staff  and  students. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  museum  has  published  a  Babylonian  series, 
an  Egyptian  series,  and  an  anthropological  series  dealing  with  inves- 
tigations carried  on  in  several  sections.  It  also  publishes  Transac- 
tions at  irregular  intervals. 

ATTENDANCE  .  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  10  to 
5  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  6.  The  average  yearly  attendance  is 
50,000. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  PENNSYLVANIA.     Wistar  Institute  of  Anat- 
omy and  Biology. 

The  Wistar  Institute,  M.  J.  Greenman,  director,  maintains  as  one 
of  its  activities  a  research  museum,  including  extensive  series  of 
preparations  and  material  relating  to  human  and  comparative  anatomy. ' 
Extensive  experiments  have  been  made  in  museum  installation,  in- 
cluding metal  cases,  exhibition  jars,  storage  cases,  etc.  The  institute 
has  an  income  of  $50,000  a  year  from  an  endowment  given  by  J.  J. 
Wistar.  It  maintains  an  anatomical  library  of  6860  volumes  and  5388 
pamphlets,  and  subscribes  to  64  anatomical  or  zoological  journals. 
The  greater  part  of  the  resources  is  expended  in  the  maintenance  of  a 
research  staff .  The  institute  publishes  the  following  journals :  Jour- 
nal of  Morphology,  The  Journal  of  Comparative  Neurology  and  Psychology, 
The  American  Journal  of  Anatomy,  The  Anatomical  Record,  and  The 
Journal  of  Experimental  Zoology. 

WAGNER  FREE  INSTITUTE  OF  SCIENCE.     (17th  St.  and  Mont- 
gomery Ave.) 

STAFF.  Superintendent,  John  G.  Rothermel;  i  general  assistant 
and  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.    Archeology,  native,  30oo±,  foreign,  24. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  5ooo±,  in  storage,  i4oo±; 
Rocks,  326±;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  5. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  2o,ooo± ,  in  storage, 
8ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  123^ ;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
278,  in  storage,  32;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  i5o±. 


262  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  i6,ooo±,  in  storage,  i4,ooo±; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  io,ooo±,  in  storage,  i2oo±;  Fishes,  2oo±; 
Batrachians,  58±;  Reptiles,,  ioo±;  Birds,  326±;  Mammals,  2oo±. 
In  addition  to  these  there  is  a  synoptic  collection  from  protozoa  to 
vertebrates  of  418  specimens.  44  small  groups  of  animals  are  mounted 
in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  institute  was  founded  by  Professor 
William  Wagner  as  the  result  of  a  course  of  free  lectures  on  scientific 
subjects  given  at  his  house  in  1847:  The  building  of  the  institute  was 
completed  in  1864  and  courses  of  free  lectures  have  been  continuously 
maintained  up  to  the  present  time.  The  institute  was  incorporated 
in  1855.  After  the  death  of  Professor  Wagner  in  1885  the  trustees 
prepared  to  open  the  museum  and  library  to  the  public;  the  latter  was 
opened  in  1889  and  the  former  in  1891. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  income  of  about  $20,000  from  endow- 
ment by  the  founder. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1864  by  the  founder,  the  building  pro- 
vides 18,596  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  11,885  for 
lecture  hall,  libraries,  offices,  laboratories,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  superintendent,  responsible  to  a  board  of 
trustees. 

SCOPE  .  The  museum  is  intended  to  maintain  synoptic,  systema  tic, 
and  local  collections  for  public  instruction  in  connection  with  the  free 
libraries  and  free  lecture  courses  of  the  institute.  The  museum  has 
been  the  basis  of  much  research  work  published  by  the  institute. 

LIBRARY.  A  scientific  reference  library  of  25,ooo±  bound  volumes 
and  5o,ooo±  unbound  volumes  and  pamphlets,  intended  for  the  use 
of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.     6  volumes  of  Transactions  have  been  published. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  Wednesday  and  Sat- 
urday afternoons  from  2  to  5.  No  statistics  of  attendance  are  avail- 
able. 

W.  P.  WILSTACH  COLLECTION.     (Memorial  Hall,   Fairmount 
Park.) 

The  gallery  contains  500  oil  paintings  and  25  water  colors.  It  was 
founded  in  1892  by  the  bequest  of  Mrs.  Anna  H.  Wilstach  who  de- 
vised the  sum  of  $700,000,  166  oil  paintings,  15  water  colors,  and  200 
books  on  art  to  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  in  charge  of  the  commissioners 
of  Fairmount  Park.  The  collection  is  under  the  care  of  E.  A.  Shunk, 
custodian,  assisted  by  a  librarian,  2  guards,  and  5  minor  employees. 
The  custodian  is  responsible  to  a  committee  in  charge  of  the  gallery, 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  263 

appointed  by  the  commissioners  of  Fairmount  Park.  The  collection 
occupies  10,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  2000 
for  offices,  etc.,  in  Memorial  Hall.  The  library  consists  of  300  vol- 
umes on  art  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public.  The  gal- 
lery is  open  free  to  the  public  daily  from  9.30  to  5,  and  the  average 
attendance  is  350,000  a  year. 

ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  PHILADELPHIA.     Zoological  Gar- 
dens.    (Fairmount  Park.) 

STAFF.  Secretary  and  general  manager,  Arthur  Erwin  Brown; 
Superintendent,  Robert  D.  Carson;  Pathologist,  Herbert  Fox. 

COLLECTIONS.  Amphibians,  75;  Reptiles,  1012;  Birds,  952;  Mam- 
mals, 487. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  City  appropriation  through  the  commission- 
ers of  Fairmount  Park,  $25,000;  Membership  dues,  $885;  Admission 
receipts,  $25,506;  Rents,  $250;  Interest,  $1680;  Sale  of  animals,  $210; 
Sale  of  guides,  $465;  Goat  and  donkey  rides,  $1190;  Sundry  receipts, 
$1610. 

BUILDINGS  AND  GROUNDS.    These  cover  an  area  of  35  acres. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  general  manager,  responsible  to  the  board 
of  directors  of  the  society. 

SCOPE.  Exhibition  of  living  animals.  Autopsies  are  made  on  all 
animals  which  die  in  the  collections. 

PUBLICATIONS.    An  annual  report. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  daily  from  9  until  sunset.  Admission,  25 
cents,  children  10  cents,  except  on  Saturdays  and  holidays  when  the 
fee  is  10  cents  for  adults  and  5  cents  for  children.  The  attendance  for 
1908-9  was  174,830. 

PITTSBURGH: 

CARNEGIE  INSTITUTE.     Department  of  Fine  Arts. 

STAFF.  Director,  John  W.  Beatty;  Secretary  to  the  director, 
Carolyn  S.Lapsley;  Acting  assistant  to  the  director,  J.Arthur  Garber; 
Curators,  Will  J.  Hyett  (paintings,  prints,  etc.),  A.  Zeller  (architec- 
ture, sculpture,  and  bronzes). 

ART.  Sculpture,  69;  Oil  paintings,  84 ;  Architecture,  no;  Original 
drawings,  139;  Japanese  prints,  37 ;  Bronzes,  356.  The  art  department 
is  rich  in  the  works  of  modern  painters,  especially  in  landscapes. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.     Founded  by  Andrew  Carnegie  in  1896. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  income  of  $60,000  provided  by 
Mr.  Carnegie. 


264  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BUILDING.  The  department  occupies  64,825  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  exhibition  galleries,  4218  for  offices,  and  14,252  for  work- 
rooms and  storerooms  in  a  building  erected  by  Mr.  Carnegie  in  1907 
at  a  cost  of  over  $6,000,000,  and  occupied  jointly  by  the  institute,  the 
library,  and  the  music  hall. 

SCOPE.  Primarily  public  instruction.  The  art  department  holds 
an  annual  international  exhibition  open  to  artists  of  all  countries,  at 
which  gold,  silver,  and  bronze  medals  are  awarded,  with  prizes  of  $i  500, 
$1000,  and  $500  respectively. 

LIBRARY.    A  working  collection  of  about  500  books. 

PUBLICATIONS.     An  annual  report  and  catalogs  of  exhibitions. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  10  to 
10  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  6. 

CARNEGIE  INSTITUTE.     Department  of  the  Museum. 

STAFF.  Director,  and  curator  of  paleontology  and 'entomology, 
W.  J.  Holland;  Honorary  curators,  A.  A.  Lambing  (history),  George 
H.  Clapp  (conchology) ;  Curators,  A.  E.  Ortmann  (invertebrate  zool- 
ogy), C.  H.  Eigenmann  (ichthyology);  Assistant  curators,  O.  E.  Jen- 
nings (botany),  W.  E.  C.  Todd  (birds  and  mammals),  P.  E.  Raymond 
(invertebrate  paleontology);  Custodians,  D.  A.  Atkinson  (reptiles), 
Hugo  Kahl  (entomology) ;  Assistant  to  director,  custodian  of  miner- 
alogy, and  accession  officer,  Douglas  Stewart;  Assistants,  Victor 
Sterki  (conchology),  Earl  Douglass  and  O.  A.  Peterson  (paleontology), 
H.  G.  Klages  (entomology),  L.  H.  Townsend,  A.  M.  Dierdorf,  and  G. 
A.  Link  (taxidermic  laboratory),  Mrs.  O.  E.  Jennings  (botany),  D.  C. 
Hughes  (archeology  and  ethnology);  Collectors,  J.  D.  Haseman  (ich- 
thyology), M.  A.  Carriker,  Jr.,  and  Jose  Steinbach  (zoology) ;  Prepara- 
tors,  A.  S.  Coggeshall  (paleontology),  R.  H.  and  J.  A.  Santens  (zool- 
ogy); Assistant  preparators,  L.  S.  Coggeshall  and  Serafino  Agostini 
(paleontology);  Modeler  and  sculptor,  T.  A.  Mills;  Modeler  and  fore- 
man of  shops,  William  Banks;  Modeler  in  paleontology,  Emil  Poli; 
Librarian,  M.  J.  Gittings;  Artist,  Sidney  A.  Prentice;  2  stenographers, 
3  cabinet  makers,  and  i  laborer.  20  guards,  janitors,  engineers,  etc. 
are  employed  by  the  Carnegie  Institute. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  10,- 
ooo±,  foreign,  i3,oco±;  Ethnology,  native,  9Ooo±,  foreign,  2Ooo±.. 
Civilized  peoples,  ancient,  72oo±,  modern,  2oo±.  There  are  14 
life-size  ethnological  groups  on  exhibition.  This'department  includes 
the  largest  collection  of  Costa  Rican  antiquities  in  the  United  States,  of 
which  Professor  C.  V.  Hartman  has  described  and  figured  530  speci- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  265 

mens  and  many  others  are  now  being  figured  for  publication;  large 
collections  of  Etruscan  and  ancient  Egyptian  antiquities;  and  a  very 
complete  set  of  reproductions  of  ancient  bronzes  from  Pompeii  and 
Herculaneum. 

ART.  Ceramics,  4ooo±;  Textiles,  6oo±;  Bronzes,  1200+;  Ivory 
and  wood  carvings,  4oo±,  including  collection  of  H.  J.  Heinz;  Gems 
and  gem  stones,  6ooc±,  including  the  Lewis  collection  of  about  5000 
specimens;  Numismatics,  12,000;  Armor  and  weapons,  2500^,  includ- 
ing the  Irwin-Laughlin  collection  of  Japanese  spears;  H.  J.  Heinz  col- 
lection of  103  watches;  Graphic  arts,  i5o±;  Reproductions  of  252 
silver  reliefs  by  Peter  Flotner,  donated  by  Mr.  Herbert  Dupuy. 

ASTRONOMY.  Small  collections  of  meteorites;  photographs:  and 
a  collection  illustrating  the  manufacture  of  astronomical  instruments. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  21,500,  including  8  types  and  figured 
specimens;  Phanerogams,  128,200,  including  12  types  and  figured 
specimens;  Economic  collection,  840. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Large  collections  illustrating  the  evo- 
lution of  methods  of  transportation,  and  various  manufacturing 
processes. 

GEOGRAPHY.  Relief  maps  of  Pittsburgh,  Western  Pennsylvania, 
and  foreign  countries. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  4000,  in  storage,  35,ooo±; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  450,  in  storage,  2oo±.  The  Jefferis  collection 
of  minerals,  made  by  the  late  Dr.  Jefferis  of  West  Chester,  and  pur- 
chased for  the  museum  by  Mr.  Carnegie,  contains  many  rare  speci- 
mens, some  of  them  figured  in  Dana's  mineralogy.  The  collection  of 
the  late  Professor  Gustave  Guttenberg  is  also  incorporated  in  the  col- 
lections. 

HISTORY.  A  large  collection  of  objects  relating  mainly  to  the 
history  of  Western  Pennsylvania,  many  of  which  have  been  figured 
and  described. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  3Soo±,  in  storage, 
ioo,ooo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  832;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, i8oo±,  in  storage,  18,000,  types  and  figured  specimens,  315; 
Plants,  on  exhibition,  2oo±,  in  storage,  25oo±,  numerous  types  and 
figured  specimens.  The  collection  of  mounted  skeletons  includes  that 
of  Diplodocus  carnegiei  and  many  others  of  great  interest;  it  is  one  of 
the  largest  collections  in  the  United  States  and  includes  the  celebrated 
collection  of  Baron  Ernst  Bayet  of  Brussels,  representing  Europe,  and 
the  large  collections  made  in  the  Western  United  States  through  the 
generosity  of  Mr.  Carnegie. 


266  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  4500,  in  storage,  120,000,  types, 
co-types,  and  figured  specimens,  256;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  3800,  in 
storage,  1,125,000^,  types,  co-types,  and  figured  specimens,  625o±; 
Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  725,  in  storage,  19,500^,  types, 
co-types,  and  figured  specimens,  40;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  215,  in 
storage,  3O,66o±,  types,  co-types,  and  figured  specimens,  482; 
Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  150,  in  storage,  2400,  types,  co-types,  and 
figured  specimens,  2;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  42oo±, 
types,  co- types,  and  figured  specimens,  6;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  1641, 
in  storage,  29,923,  types,  co-types,  and  figured  specimens,  25;  Mam- 
mals, on  exhibition,  173,  in  storage,  1661,  types,  co- types,  and  figured 
specimens,  5 .  The  shells  of  the  Holland  and  Hartman  collection,  owned 
by  the  museum,  contain  many  types  and  co-types  of  Adams,  Bland, 
Lea,  Anthony,  and  Hartman.  The  Sterki  collection  also  contains 
many  types.  The  Holland  collection  of  lepidoptera  contains  the  types 
of  W.  H.  Edwards,  Theo.  L.  Mead,  many  of  Walsingham,  Butler, 
and  others,  and  all  the  types  of  species  described  and  figured  by 
Holland  in  various  books  and  papers.  The  Ulke  collection  contains 
many  species  described  by  Leconte  and  Horn  and  referred  to  as  in 
this  collection.  The  museum  also  contains  Dr.  Hamilton's  types  of 
coleoptera,  many  of  Ashmead's  types  of  South  American  chalcids, 
many  of  Calvert's  types  of  South  American  odonata,  and  of  Bruner's 
types  of  South  American  orthoptera.  The  entomological  collection 
is  one  of  the  largest  in  North  America.  There  is  a  large  and  increas- 
ing collection  of  bird  nests  and  eggs.  9  large  and  23  small  groups  of 
animals  are  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Carnegie  Museum  is  one  of  the  three 
departments  of  the  Carnegie  Institute  of  Pittsburgh,  to  which  Mr. 
Carnegie  has  given  for  buildings  and  endowment  approximately  $20,- 
000,000.  It  began  its  work  in  1897  and  has  been  almost  continuously 
under  the  care  of  the  present  director,  W.  J.  Holland.  The  work  of 
research  and  the  formation  of  the  collections  was  begun  in  a  small 
way,  but  has  grown  rapidly,  and  there  have  been  no  less  than  40  explor- 
ing and  collecting  parties  in  the  field  at  different  times.  5  parties  have 
been  sent  to  South  America,  2  to  Costa  Rica,  i  to  Labrador,  i  to  Hud- 
son Bay,  24  to  the  fossil-fields  of  the  West,  3  to  Africa,  i  to  Texas, 
2  to  Canada,  i  to  Florida,  and  i  to  the  Bahamas.  The  museum  is 
maintaining  a  continuous  biological  survey  of  the  upper  valley  of  the 
Ohio  and  its  tributaries.  It  has  employed  a  score  of  collectors  in  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  world. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     By  an  income  of  $85,000  annually  from 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  267 

endowment,  supplemented  by  special  gifts  from  the  founder,  who  has 
alone  borne  the  expense  of  the  paleontological  researches  and  has  given 
many  important  collections  to  the  museum. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1897-1907  at  a  cost  of  $7,000,000.  The 
museum  occupies  about  one- third  of  the  building,  having  52,500  square 
feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  36,000  for  offices,  work  rooms, 
etc.  The  building  also  houses  the  Carnegie  Library  of  Pittsburgh 
and  the  Department  of  Fine  Arts  of  the  Carnegie  Institute. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  board  of  trustees 
represented  by  a  committee  of  seven. 

SCOPE.  Exploration,  research,  school  work,  and  instruction  of 
the  general  public.  Collections  are  loaned  to  schools,  lectures  are  given 
for  their  benefit,  and  prize  essay  contests  are  held  at  the  museum. 

LIBRARY.  1 5 ,000  bound  volumes  and  1 2 ,000  pamphlets  on  natural 
science  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public.  The  library  is 
rich  in  works  on  paleontology,  entomology,  and  ornithology,  and  has 
large  series  of  publications  of  learned  societies  of  Europe  and  America. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Annals,  i  volume  issued  annually,  7  volumes 
published.  (2)  Memoirs,  issued  at  irregular  intervals,  4  volumes 
published  and  3  in  course  of  publication. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week 
days  from  10  to  10,  and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  6.  The  number  of  visi- 
tors in  1909  was  45o,ooo±J 

UNIVERSITY  OF  PITTSBURGH. 

The  university  maintains  the  following  collections  in  connection 
with  related  departments  in  the  college,  the  school  of  engineering,  and 
the  school  of  mines :  The  Smith  cabinet  of  mineralogical  and  zoological 
specimens;  an  extensive  study  series  of  minerals;  many  Ward  casts  of 
fossils;  models  of  mines;  physiological  and  anatomical  models;  etc. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  zoological  collections  covering  15  acres,  estab- 
lished in  1894  and  1896,  and  comprising  59  reptiles,  685  birds,  and  285 
mammals. 

POTTS  VILLE: 

SCHUYLKILL  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  organized  in  1903,  and  occupies  a  room  in  the 
building  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  Its  object  is  to 
collect  and  preserve  historical  records  and  relics  pertaining  to  the  county 
with  special  reference  to  the  history  of  anthracite  coal  mining.  The 


268  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

collections  are  in  charge  of  H.  J.  Herbein,  librarian  and  curator,  and 
Claude  Unger,  assistant.  The  collections  of  local  historical  relics  and 
material  relating  to  the  coal  industry  are  still  small  but  are  being  ac- 
tively developed.  The  library  contains  about  250  bound  volumes  in 
addition  to  maps,  pamphlets,  and  manuscripts.  These  collections  may 
be  seen  upon  application  to  the  librarian.  The  society  has  issued  2 
volumes  of  its  publications,  including  several  papers  on  the  history 
of  coal  mining,  and  i  on  the  fossil  flora  of  the  southern  anthracite 
coal  fields.  The  work  of  the  society  is  supported  by  dues  from  members, 
supplemented  by  a  small  annual  contribution  from  the  county. 

READING: 

HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  BERKS  COUNTY. 

The  society  maintains  a  small  collection  of  local  historical  relics. 

SCRANTON: 

EVERHART  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY,  SCIENCE,  AND 
ART. 

The  Everhart  Museum  was  founded  and  endowed  by  Dr.  Isaiah 
F.  Everhart  in  1907.  The  present  building  is  devoted  to  Dr.  Ever- 
hart's  private  collection  of  natural  history,  and  to  the  Hollister  col- 
lections of  Indian  stone  implements.  The  museum  receives  $5000 
annually  from  the  endowment  and  $3000  as  a  regular  city  appropria- 
tion. The  building  was  erected  in  1907  at  a  cost  of  $100,000.  It  is 
of  fireproof  construction  and  provides  12,800  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  3200  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  The  site  covers 
four  acres  and  was  donated  by  the  city  of  Scranton.  The  museum 
staff  is  not  yet  selected,  the  founder  acting  as  curator. 

The  collections  include  at  present  the  Hollister  collections  of  12,000 
specimens  of  Indian  stone  implements;  a  collection  of  woods  and  seeds 
of  Pennsylvania;  anthracite  coal  fossils;  a  collection  of  North  American 
butterflies;  North  and  South  American  rep  tiles;  mamma  Is  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; 12,000  native  and  foreign  birds;  and  a  series  of  heads  of  North 
American  mammals. 

The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  7  to  5 
and  on  Sundays  from  2  to  5. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  i  acre,  established  in  1898, 
containing  12  birds  and  62  mammals. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  269 

SOUTH  BETHLEHEM: 
LEHIGH  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  teaching  collections  in  connection  with 
its  scientific  departments  as  follows:  Anthropology,  1000  weapons 
and  implements  of  North  American  Indians;  Botany,  a  collection  of 
1000  specimens  in  addition  to  a  series  of  commercial  woods;-  Geology, 
15,000  minerals  and  5500  rocks  and  ores;  Paleontology,  a  synoptic 
collection  of  3000  specimens;  Zoology,  a  synoptic  collection  of  1500 
specimens,  the  Werner  collection  of  600  North  and  South  American 
birds,  nests,  and  eggs;  and  the  Packer  collection  of  1000  shells. 

STATE  COLLEGE: 

PENNSYLVANIA  STATE  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  museum  collections  in  connection  with  a 
number  of  its  departments  as  follows: 

BOTANY.  Phanerogams,  4000;  Seeds,  1500  species;  Woods  of 
Pennsylvania  from  the  state  forestry  exhibit  at  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition. 

CHEMISTRY.     3500  specimens  of  chemical  products. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  10,000;  Rocks,  series  of  European  rocks, 
rocks  of  Pennsylvania,  United  States  geological  survey  collection  of 
200  rock  types;  Historical  geology,  a  general  stratigraphic  series  col- 
lected by  the  first  and  second  geological  .surveys  of  Pennsylvania; 
Economic  geology,  5000  specimens  including  the  Pennsylvania  exhibit 
of  ores,  minerals,  and  economic  products  at  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition,  a  polylith  of  281  building  stones  of  Pennsylvania  and  else- 
where, Colorado  ores,  Lake  Superior  iron  ores,  and  German  economic 
minerals  and  rocks. 

HISTORY.  Material,  chiefly  manuscripts  and  photographs,  show- 
ing the  beginning  of  the  college  and  the  growth  of  50  years. 

PALEONTOLOGY.     2000  specimens. 

Z,OOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  100,  in  storage,  500;  Insects, 
on  exhibition,  1500,  in  storage,  3000;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 100,  in  storage,  500;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  300; 
Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  50,  in  storage,  50;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition, 
50,  in  storage,  50;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  300;  Mammals, 
on  exhibition,  75,  in  storage,  50.  The  preceding  figures  are  approxi- 
mate. The  series  of  Pennsylvania  vertebrates  is  nearly  complete. 


270  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

SWARTHMORE: 

SWARTHMORE  COLLEGE.     Museum. 

STAFF.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Spencer  Trotter,  professor 
of  biology. 

.    ANTHROPOLOGY.     The  Frederick  Kohl  ethnological  collection  of 
Indian  weapons,  clothing,  etc.,  mostly  from  Alaska. 

BOTANY.  The  Annie  Shoemaker  collection  and  the  Eckfeldt 
herbarium  of  2000  Pennsylvania  phanerogams. 

GEOLOGY.  The  Joseph  Leidy  collection  of  minerals,  the  Robert 
R.  Corson  collection  of  stalactites  and  stalagmites  from  Luray  cavern, 
the  Joel  Scarlett  collection  of  3000  minerals  and  crystallographic 
specimens,  and  the  educational  series  of  rock  specimens  from  the 
United  States  geological  survey. 

PALEONTOLOGY.    A  few  fossil  invertebrates,  fishes,  and  plants. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  C.  E.  Parker  collection  of  shells;  small  collections 
of  butterflies  and  moths,  corals,  sponges,  echinoderms,  and  mollusks; 
a  small  number  of  vertebrate  skeletons  for  class  work;  the  Wilcox  and 
Farnum  collection  of  Pennsylvania  birds;  and  a  teaching  collection 
in  comparative  osteology. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     The  museum  is  supported  by  the  college. 

BUILDING.  The  collections  occupy  3000  square  feet  of  floor  space 
in  one  of  the  college  buildings. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  is  maintained  primarily  for  college  teaching 
and  local  collections. 

UNIONTOWN: 

FAYETTE  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  small  collection  of  local  historical  relics, 
in  charge  of  James  Hannen,  secretary  and  custodian. 

VALLEY  FORGE: 

VALLEY  FORGE  MUSEUM  OF  AMERICAN  HISTORY. 

This  museum  includes  the  following  collections:  The  Rev.  Jesse 
Y.  Burk  collection,  and  the  William  S.  Green  and  William  L.  Fox 
collection  of  Indian  relics;  the  Mary  Regina  Brice  collection  of  his- 
torical documents;  the  Lilla  S.  Pechin  collection  of  United  States 
postage  stamps;  a  good  collection  of  Washingtoniana;  and  an  interest- 
ing civil  war  collection.  Among  the  more  notable  single  specimens 
are  the  marquee  used  by  Washington  throughout  the  Revolution, 
and  the  check  for  $120,000  paid  to  Lafayette  for  his  services  in  the 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  271 

Revolution.    The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Rev.  W.  Herbert  Burk, 
whose  address  is  All  Saints  Rectory,  Norristown,  Pa. 

It  is  intended  to  illustrate  the  periods  of  American  history,  and 
is  used  by  the  public  schools  of  the  vicinity.  It  occupies  one  room  of 
Patriots'  Hall,  the  erection  of  which  was  begun  in  1908,  and  is  sup- 
ported by  voluntary  contributions  amounting  to  $523  in  the  first  year, 
by  an  income  of  $18.75  from  endowment,  and  by  entrance  fees  which 
have  amounted  to  $139.50  between  September  i,  1909,  and  May  i, 
1910.  It  is  open  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  5,  the  admission 
fee  being  10  cents. 

WASHINGTON: 

WASHINGTON  AND  JEFFERSON  COLLEGE. 

The  president  reports  that  the  college  maintains  a  museum  com- 
prising 800  ethnological  specimens,  500  species  of  plants,  2500 
minerals,  several  hundred  fossils,  and  2000  zoological  specimens. 
These  collections  occupy  about  2300  square  feet  of  floor  space,  and  are 
in  charge  of  the  professor  of  biology. 

WASHINGTON  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  library  and  museum  for  the  preservation 
of  material  illustrating  the  history  of  southwestern  Pennsylvania. 

WEST  CHESTER: 

CHESTER  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  receives  $200  a  year  from  the  county,  and  maintains 
a  collection  of  articles  of  local  historical  interest  which  is  open  free  to 
the  public  from  9  to  6.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Justin  E.  Harlan 
and  Alice  Cochran,  curators. 

WEST  CHESTER  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL. 

This  school  maintains  a  small  collection  of  shells,  minerals,  and 
paintings;  an  Indian  collection;  and  a  large  collection  of  animal  horns. 

WILKES-BARRE: 

WYOMING  HISTORICAL  AND  GEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 
Museum. 

STAFF.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  the  librarian,  Horace  Edwin 
Hayden. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  An  unusually  fine  collection  of  25,000  Indian 
relics  of  the  highest  quality,  chiefly  from  the  watersheds  of  the  Susque- 
hanna  River;  the  A.  F.  Berlin  collection  of  2700  pieces,  containing 


272  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

many  exceedingly  fine  and  rare  specimens  from  all  parts  of  North 
America;  a  series  of  15  Indian  pots,  said  to  be  the  finest  collection  of 
Algonquin  pottery  in  the  United  States ;  valuable  collections  of  colo- 
nial domestic  utensils;  Revolutionary  and  Wyoming  massacre  relics; 
war  relics;  and  Hawaiian,  Egyptian,  Chinese,  Japanese,  Philippine, 
and  African  collections.  There  is  a  numismatic  collection  of  5000 
pieces. 

ART.  103  portraits,  chiefly  of  members  and  benefactors  of  the 
society. 

GEOLOGY.    3000  minerals. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  The  Ralph  D.  Lacoe  collection  of  5000  paleo- 
zoic fossils;  the  Christian  H.  Sharar  collection  of  nearly  1000  paleo- 
zoic fossils  from  the  carboniferous  limestone  at  Mill  Creek,  Luzerne 
County,  Pa.,  and  3000  specimens  of  the  anthracite  coal  flora,  including 
200  types  described  by  the  late  curator,  R.  D.  Lacoe,  and  Professor 
Leo  Lesquereux. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  society  was  organized  in  1858  to  com- 
memorate the  successful  burning  of  Wyoming  anthracite  coal  in  a 
domestic  grate,  February  n,  1808,  by  Hon.  Jesse  Fell. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  is  supported  from  a  portion 
of  the  general  funds  of  the  society,  amounting  in  1910  to  $52,000  in- 
cluding life  memberships  and  gifts  for  special  purposes. 

BUILDING.   The  museum  occupies  a  portion  of  the  society  building. 

SCOPE.  The  society  holds  four  regular  meetings  annually.  Its 
aims  are  the  investigation  of  local  history  and  geology.  The  meetings, 
the  library,  the  museum,  and  the  publications  are  its  chief  activities. 

LIBRARY.  20,000  books  and  pamphlets  on  American  history, 
genealogy,  and  geology;  1200  bound  volumes  of  local  newspapers; 
also  depository  for  Pennsylvania  and  national  publications.  This 
library  is  the  only  one  of  its  kind  in  northeastern  Pennsylvania,  no 
other  covering  the  same  field. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Proceedings  and  Collections,  10  volumes 
issued.  (2)  25  pamphlet  titles,  relating  to.  American  history,  geology, 
ethnology,  numismatics,  etc. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  10  to 
5.  Annual  attendance  6000-7000. 

WILLIAMSPORT: 

THE  JAMES  V.  BROWN  LIBRARY. 

This  library  maintains  an  art  gallery  consisting  at  present  of  30 
oil  paintings  and  water  colors,  2  pieces  of  sculpture,  and  a  large  set 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  273 

of  Copley  reproductions  of  Abbey's  Holy  Grail.  The  library  building 
was  erected  at  a  cost  of  $145,000  from  the  bequest  of  James  V.  Brown, 
who  also  provided  an  endowment  yielding  $10,000  annually.  The 
library  and  art  gallery  are  open  free  to  the  public  daily,  except  Sun- 
days and  holidays,  from  9  to  9.  The  library  gives  lectures  to  adults 
and  to  school  children,  and  holds  loan  exhibitions  of  pictures  in  addi- 
tion to  its  permanent  collections.  The  collection  is  in  charge  of  O.  R. 
Howard  Thomson,  librarian. 

YORK: 

YORK  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  museum,  in  its  rooms  on  the  third  floor 
of  the  county  court  house,  in  charge  of  George  R.  Prowell,  curator 
and  librarian.  The  museum  was  founded  in  1902  and  built  up  largely 
by  voluntary  contributions  from  members  of  the  society  and  citizens 
of  York.  It  includes  collections  of  Indian  archeology  of  Pennsylvania 
not  excelled  by  any  other  museum  outside  of  Philadelphia  or  Pitts- 
burgh. There  are  also  collections  illustrating  the  history  of  southern 
Pennsylvania  from  the  time  of  the  first  settlement,  includjng  many 
historical  portraits  of  great  value.  There  is  a  complete  collection  of 
copper,  nickel,  and  silver  coins  made  at  the  United  States  Mint; 
a  complete  collection  of  the  eleven  issues  of  continental  money  made 
during  the  revolution.  There  are  biological  collections,  including 
a  herbarium  of  1000  specimens;  2000  local  butterflies  and  other  insects; 
2000  local  birds,  small  mammals,  bird  eggs  and  nests.  The  depart- 
ments of  history  and  ornithology  are  most  active  at  present. 

RHODE  ISLAND 

HARRINGTON: 

HARRINGTON  HISTORIC-ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  founded  in  1885  and  maintains  a  miscellaneous 
collection  of  material  illustrating  the  early  life  of  the  town  and  neigh- 
borhood .  The  collection  occupies  a  room  in  the  library  and  is  in  charge 
of  Emma  S.  Bradford,  librarian.  It  is  open  free  to  the  public. 

KINGSTON: 

RHODE  ISLAND  STATE  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  a  small  museum  collection  in  charge  of 
John  Barlow,  professor  of  zoology.  In  includes  over  2000  named 
species  of  insects,  with  a  large  amount  of  undetermined  material; 


274  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

a  synoptical  series  of  invertebrates;  a  collection  including  most  of  the 
reptiles  and  batrachians  of  Rhode  Island;  a  complete  series  of  Rhode 
Island  birds;  and  a  synoptical  collection  of  mammalia  in  which  all 
the  orders  are  represented  by  mounted  skins  and  skeletons. 

PAWTUCKET: 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park,  established  in  1900,  contain- 
ing 12  mammals. 

PROVIDENCE: 

ANNMARY  BROWN  MEMORIAL. 

Completed  by  Gen.  Rush  C.  Hawkins  in  1907  as  a  memorial  to 
his  wife.  The  collections  include  family  portraits,  other  personal  and 
family  relics,  50  early  masters  and  45  modern  oil  paintings,  15  water 
colors,  and  about  540  books,  illustrating  the  first  half  century  of 
printing  with  movable  metal  type — nearly  all  before  1501 — and  inci- 
dentally, the  early  use  of  woodcuts  for  book  illustration. 

The  collection  is  open  free  to  the  public  Tuesdays,  Wednesdays, 
and  Thursdays,  and  in  summer,  Fridays,  from  10  to  4. 

BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  collections,  primarily  for  teaching  pur- 
poses, in  connection  with  the  departments  listed  below. 

ART.  In  the  faculty  room  are  temporarily  hung  14  paintings  by 
Frank  O.  Small  illustrating  scenes  in  American  colonial  history.  In 
Sayles  Hall  is  a  collection  of  Rhode  Island  portraits  said  to  be  the  most 
extensive  in  the  state.  In  Manning  Hall  are  about  20  oil  paintings, 
specimens  of  early  Christian  and  Indian  sculpture,  and  many  pieces 
of  statuary,  casts,  etc. 

BOTANY.  75,000  specimens  from  all  parts  of  the  world  but  mainly 
from  America .  The  genus  Car  ex  is  particularly  w  ell  represented .  There 
are  also  several  cases  of  unmounted  specimens  and  duplicates.  This 
herbarium  is  in  charge  of  J.  F.  Collins,  curator,  and  is  housed  in  Maxcy 
Hall. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  The  collection  of  minerals  was  in- 
augurated by  the  late  Professors  Jenks  and  Packard  and  now  contains 
a  carefully  selected  and  labeled  series  of  10,000  specimens  representing 
various  types  and  characteristics.  In  addition  there  are  about  500 
types  of  rocks  for  the  use  of  students  in  petrography,  and  15  sets  of 
100  typical  rock  specimens  each.  There  are  also  100  large  specimens 
illustrating  structural  geology;  a  general  synoptic  collection  of  3000 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  275 

fossils;  50  fossil  fishes,  and  several  thousand  specimens  of  carbon- 
iferous plants  in  storage. 

ZOOLOGY.  Jenks  Museum.  The  Jenks  collection  was  founded  by 
the  late  Professor  Jenks  and  developed  by  Professors  Packard,  Bumpus, 
and  Mead.  It  includes  the  following  collections:  Shells,  in  storage, 
10,200;  Insects,  in  storage,  4000;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition, 
500,  in  storage,  500;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  25,  in  storage,  1000;  Ba- 
trachians,  on  exhibition,  50,  in  storage,  85;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition, 
45,  in  storage,  18;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  noo,  in  storage,  3500;  Mam- 
mals, on  exhibition,  60,  in  storage,  24.  There  are  also  many  embryo- 
logical  reconstructions  and  medical  preparations  on  exhibition  and  in 
storage.  This  department  is  housed  in  Rhode  Island  Hall,  and  is  in 
charge  of  Prof.  A.  D.  Mead. 

The  anthropological  collections  formerly  exhibited  in  Rhode  Island 
Hall  are  now  in  storage. 

MOSES  BROWN  SCHOOL. 

The  school  has  an  art  collection  comprising  2  marble  busts  by 
Theed,  a  series  of  oil  portraits,  chiefly  of  persons  connected  with  the 
history  of  the  school  and  including  a  portrait  of  Whittier  by  Parker, 
and  a  considerable  number  of  prints.  There  is  also  a  geological  col- 
lection comprising  about  2500  minerals,  including  the  John  Griscom 
collection  purchased  in  1839;  a  cabinet  of  shells;  and  general  teaching 
collections  in  botany  and  zoology. 

PARK  MUSEUM.     (Roger  Williams  Park.) 

STAFF.     Curator,  Harold  L.  Madison;  2  janitors. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Ethnology,  native,  5000,  foreign,  100.  This 
department  includes  the  Charles  Gorton  collection  of  Rhode  Island 
Indian  relics  and  the  James  Angus  collection  of  North  American  Indian 
relics. 

ART.  Sculpture,  3  pieces  of  marble  and  i  plaster  cast;  Prints  and 
engravings,  47;  Oil  paintings,  6;  Water  colors,  i;  Ceramics,  4  small 
exhibits;  Textiles,  2  small  exhibits. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  250;  Phanerogams,  i3oo±.  There  are 
also  100  colored  photographs  of  wild  flowers. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Exhibits  of  the  following  local  indus- 
tries: Cut-glass,  copper,  rubber,  cotton  cloth,  woolens,  and  leather. 

EDUCATIONAL  COLLECTIONS.  The  museum  has  the  following 
collections  which  it  loans  to  the  city  schools:  Birds,  5  different  sets; 
Woods,  6  sets  alike;  Minerals,  6  sets  alike;  Bird  charts,  8;  Lantern 
slides,  230. 


276  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  55o±,  in  storage,  3ooo±, 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  i-75±,  in  storage,  3OO±;  Decorative  marble; 
103.  The  James  Angus  collection  of  Brazilian  agates  is  said  to  be 
one  of  the  finest  in  the  world. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  8,  in  storage, 
iooo±;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  30,  in  storage,  25o±;  Plants,  on 
exhibition,  40,  in  storage,  2ooo±,  including  many  duplicates. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  230o±,  in  storage,  sooo±,  types 
and  figured  specimens,  5;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  3oo±,  in  storage, 
i2oo±;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  25o±,  in  storage,  ioo±; 
Fishes,  on  exhibition,  10  in  jars,  and  90  colored  plates,  in  storage,  5o±; 
Batrachians,  on  exhibition,  20,  in  storage,  50;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition, 
ioo±,  in  storage,  5o±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  830,  in  storage,  yoo± 
skins;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  60,  in  storage,  ioo±  skins.  There 
is  one  group  showing  the  northern  deer  in  natural  surrounding.  The 
shell  collections  include  the  Southwick,  Blake,  and  Caroline  Richmond 
collections.  There  are  also  collections  of  commercial  sponges  and  shells. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  originally  intended  as 
an  art  museum,  but  has  always  been  used  as  a  natural  history  museum. 
The  value  of  the  collections  is  chiefly  due  to  the  earnest  efforts  of  the 
first  two  curators,  Messrs.  Southwick  and  Davis. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  city  funds  appropriated  by  the  board 
of  park  commissioners.  The  average  amount  of  the  appropriation 
is  about  $3500  a  year.  After  fixed  expenses  have  been  met  the  amount 
available  for  exhibits,  publications,  lectures,  etc.,  is  from  $400  to  $500 
a  year. 

BUILDING.  The  building  was  erected  by  the  city  in  1894-5  at  a 
cost  of  $40,000  and  affords  3800  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition, 
and  1050  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  board  of  park 
commissioners. 

SCOPE.  Maintenance  of  local  collections,  public  school  work, 
and  instruction  of  the  general  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  A  bi-monthly  Bulletin  begun  in  March,  1909. 
(2)  Annual  reports,  previous  to  1909  the  reports  were  published  as  a 
part  of  the  report  of  the  board  of  park  commissioners.  Since  that  time 
the  reports  have  been  issued  separately.  (3)  A  series  of  "Museum 
Bulletins"  published  previous  to  1909  were  the  personal  property 
of  the  curator. 

LIBRARY.  800  bound  volumes  and  1200  pamphlets,  intended  for 
the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  277 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  10  to 
5,  and  on  Sundays  from  1.30  to  5.  No  statistics  of  attendance  avail- 
able. 

PROVIDENCE  ATHENAEUM. 

In  addition  to  its  library  the  Athenaeum  has  a  number  of  paintings 
and  marble  busts,  among  which  may  be  noted  Malbone's  miniature 
picture  "  The  Hours,"  a  miniature  of  Nicholas  Power  by  the  same  artist, 
and  his  sketch  of  himself;  paintings  by  Van  Dyke,  and  Sir  James  Rey- 
nolds; and  a  portrait  of  Sarah  Helen  Whitman  by  Thompson. 

RHODE  ISLAND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society,  established  in  182 2,  maintains  a  library  and  museum 
devoted  especially  to  Rhode  Island  and  New  England  history.  The 
collections  include  Rhode  Island  Indian  relics,  relics  of  the  early  set- 
tlers, prints,  engravings,  and  oil  paintings  of  persons  and  localities 
of  local  interest,  early  household  pottery,  and  homespun  fabrics  of 
Rhode  Island.  The  library  consists  of  40,000  bound  volumes  and 
60.000  pamphlets.  Among  its  rare  books  are  Capt.  John  Smith's  De- 
scription of  New  England,  Eliot's  Indian  Bible,  and  nearly  all  of  the 
original  editions  of  the  writings  of  Roger  Williams,  Samuel  Gorton,  and 
other  early  Rhode  Island  authors.  The  society  is  supported  by  the 
income  from  endowment  funds;  an  annual  state  appropriation;  and 
subscriptions  and  annual  memberships.  The  aims  of  the  society  are 
research,  the  maintenance  of  local  collections,  and  instruction  of  the 
general  public  and  schools.  The  society  has  published  10  volumes  of 
its  Collections,  8  volumes  of  its  Publications  (new  series),  and  38 
volumes  of  the  Proceedings  of  its  business  meetings,  etc.  The  museum 
is  on  the  third  floor  of  the  building  and  is  open  to  the  public,  with 
special  privileges  to  members,  on  week-days  from  9  to  4;  during  August 
from  10  to  i. 

RHODE  ISLAND  SCHOOL  OF  DESIGN. 

The  school  maintains  a  public  museum  administered  by  a  museum 
committee,  of  which  E.  G.  Radeke  is  secretary.  The  collections  include 
the  following:  Sculpture,  350,  including  casts;  Prints,  engravings, 
and  autotypes,  900;  Oil  paintings  and  water  colors,  200;  Ceramics, 
1600;  Textiles,  1500;  Furniture,  200;  Metals,  500. 

The  museum  occupies  8  galleries  in  the  main  building,  3  of  which 
are  devoted  to  oil  paintings,  water  colors,  and  engravings,  2  to  casts 
of  classic  and  renaissance  sculpture,  i  to  autotypes  illustrating  the 
history  of  painting,  i  to  Japanese  pottery,  metal  work,  lacquer,  dnd 
textiles,  and  i  to  a  representative  collection  of  peasant  pottery  from 


278  DIRECTORY  OF  AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

many  countries.  Connected  with  the  other  galleries  is  the  Pendleton 
House,  containing  a  remarkable  collection  of  antique  mahogany  fur- 
niture, rugs,  mirrors,  porcelain,  china,  and  silver,  gathered  by  the  late 
Charles  Leonard  Pendleton  and  presented  by  him  to  the  school. 
The  house  was  given  by  Stephen  O.  Metcalf  in  accordance  with  the 
stipulation  of  the  connoisseur  that  a  typical  colonial  house  be  erected 
to  hold  his  treasures.  The  place  is  unique  in  that  house  and  furniture 
are  in  perfect  harmony,  giving  the  impression  not  of  a  museum  and 
collection,  but  of  the  private  mansion  of  a  gentleman  of  taste  and  wealth 
who  lived  in  the  i8th  century  and  furnished  his  house  with  the  best 
examples  of  the  cabinet  makers  of  that  period.  160  copies  of  a  catalog 
of  the  Pendleton  collection  have  been  published  at  a  cost  of  $150  a 
copy. 

Both  the  Pendleton  House  and  the  general  collections  are  open  to 
the  public  daily,  at  hours  varying  with  the  seasons,  an  admission  fee 
of  25  cents  being  charged  on  Mondays,  Wednesdays,  and  Fridays. 
The  number  of  visitors  in  1908  was  64,031. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains,  in  Roger  Williams  Park,  zoological  collections 
established  in  1891  and  comprising  2  reptiles,  186  birds,  and  192  mam- 
mals. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA 
CHARLESTON: 

CAROLINA  ART  ASSOCIATION.     (Gibbes  Memorial  Art  Build- 
ing.) 

This  association  was  incorporated  in  1858.  In  1906  the  associa- 
tion and  the  mayor  of  Charleston  were  made  trustees  of  the  Gibbes 
Memorial  Art  Building,  which  was  erected  in  1904  at  a  cost  of  about 
$85,000,  on  land  worth  $15,000,  the  cost  of  both  land  and  building 
being  covered  by  a  bequest  of  the  late  James  S.  Gibbes.  An  endow- 
ment of  about  $8800  is  available  for  the  maintenance  of  the  building, 
while  the  association  has  an  income  of  about  $500  from  memberships. 
An  arts  and  crafts  school  and  annual  exhibitions  are  maintained,  and 
a  beginning  of  a  permanent  collection  of  art  objects  has  been  made. 
A  catalog  of  the  annual  exhibition  is  published,  and  the  building  is 
open  to  the  public  at  certain  seasons  at  an  admission  fee  of  25  cents. 

CHARLESTON  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Director,  Paul  M.  Rea;  Honorary  curators,  William  G. 
Mazyck  (conchology) ,  Daniel  S.  Martin  (geology),  Arthur  T.  Wayne 
(ornithology),  Nathaniel  W.  Stephenson  (art);  Librarian,  Laura 
M.  Bragg;  i  janitor. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY    OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  279 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  A  general  collection  of  about  300  cataloged 
specimens;  a  small  amount  of  uncataloged  local  Indian  material;  and 
a  miscellaneous  series  of  Arctic  relics  obtained  by  one  of  the  Peary 
expeditions.  This  department  includes  the  oldest  specimens  in  the 
museum,  a  number  of  which  were  obtained  as  early  as  1798.  The  col- 
lection of  South  Carolina  Indian  relics  is  small  but  includes  some  good 
specimens. 

ART.  A  small  number  of  casts  of  Greek,  Egyptian,  and  Assyrian 
sculpture,  and  a  number  of  portraits  of  former  curators. 

BOTANY.  The  Stephen  Elliott  herbarium,  containing  the  plants 
upon  which  his  botany  of  South  Carolina  and  Georgia  is  based,  with 
many  types;  the  Henry  W.  Ravenel  herbarium,  comprising  57  algae, 
459  fungi,  134  lichens,  22  hepatics,  131  mosses,  and  15  ferns,  all 
chiefly  local  material;  a  series  of  300  Alpine  plants  obtained  early  in 
the  last  century;  and  a  working  herbarium  of  250  species  of  the  local 
flora  recently  begun. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  A  traveling  exhibit  of  the  iron  .and 
steel  industry  for  use  in  public  school  work;  and  material  for  the  illus- 
tration of  a  number  of  local  industries  in  preparation  for  exhibition. 

GEOLOGY.  A  carefully  selected  series  of  about  3000  minerals, 
about  300  rocks,  and  about  50  specimens  of  dynamic  geology.  Among 
special  collections  may  be  noted  a  series  of  minerals  of  the  Ural  Moun- 
tains; the  Shepard  collection  of  phosphates  of  lime  from  all  parts  of 
the  world,  prepared  for  comparison  with  local  phosphate  material 
and  probably  unique  of  its  kind;  a  collection  of  minerals  of  the  Pied- 
mont and  southern  Appalachian  regions,  now  in  process  of  formation; 
and  material  relating  to  the  phosphate  and  other  industries  of  South 
Carolina. 

HISTORY.  A  few  war  relics  and  other  objects  of  historical  interest 
not  strictly  included  in  the  scope  of  the  museum. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  A  synoptic  series  of  about  2000  carefully  selected 
invertebrate,  vertebrate,  and  plant  fossils,  and  a  fair  collection  of  fos- 
sils from  the  phosphate  beds  of  South  Carolina,  only  partially  worked 
up.  The  vertebrate  fossils  are  almost  exclusively  fragments. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells  several  thousand  specimens:  Insects,  a  small 
working  collection  only;  Other  invertebrates,  224;  Fishes,  75;  Batra- 
chians,  23;  Reptiles,  69;  Birds,  1118  (756  mounted);  Mammals,  181; 
Skeletons,  2OO±;  Bird  nests  and  eggs,  4oo±.  The  bird  collection 
includes  nearly  all  species  recorded  for  the  state,  and  a  general  col- 
lection from  all  parts  of  the  world;  the  mammals  include  a  good 
representation  of  the  larger  species;  the  skeletons  were  all  mounted 


280  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

by  Dr.  Gabriel  Manigault,  a  former  curator,  and  represent  nearly  all 
orders  of  vertebrates. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  This  is  the  oldest  museum  in  the  country, 
as  far  as  is  known,  having  originated  sometime  previous  to  1777  under 
the 'auspices  of  the  Charleston  Library  Society.  It  was  transferred 
to  the  Literary  and  Philosophical  Society  of  South  Carolina  in  1815, 
to  the  Medical  College  in  1828,  and  to  the  College  of  Charleston  in 
1850.  In  1907  a  building  was  provided  by  the  city  and  the  museum 
became  a  public  institution. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  A  fixed  annual  appropriation  of  $2500  from 
the  city,  supplemented  by  subscriptions,  memberships,  etc.,  amount- 
ing in  1909  to  about  $1700. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1899  at  a  cost  of  $30,000,  the  building  was 
devoted  to  the  purpose  of  the  museum  in  1907.  It  affords  about  36,000 
square  feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  and  about  1800  for 
offices,  workrooms,  lecture  rooms,  etc.  The  city  has  expended  $12,414 
in  remodeling  the  building  for  the  use  of  the  museum. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  a  committee  of 
the  trustees  of  the  College  of  Charleston,  under  whose  auspices  the 
museum  is  administered. 

SCOPE.  Public  instruction,  maintenance  of  local  collections,  and 
research.  The  work  of  public  instruction  is  carried  on  largely  through 
the  medium  of  a  natural  history  society  organized  under  the  auspices 
of  the  museum.  Special  importance  is  attached  at  present  to  a  bio- 
logical survey  of  South  Carolina ,  beginning  with  the  coast  region. 

LIBRARY.  About  3000  volumes  and  many  pamphlets  on  natural 
science,  geography,  and  commerce  and  industry,  intended  for  the  use 
of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Bulletin,  issued  monthly  from  October  to 
May  since  April  1905.  (2)  Contributions,  issued  at  irregular  inter- 
vals, beginning  in  1910. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  in  process  of  installation  in  the  new 
building.  The  attendance  in  the  old  building,  which  was  unfavorably 
situated,  was  estimated  at  10,000  annually. 

DAUGHTERS  OF  THE  CONFEDERACY -CHARLESTON  CHAP- 
TER. 

This  chapter  was  organized  in  1894  and  maintains  a  collection  of 
articles  of  historical  interest,  chiefly  relics  of  the  war  between  the  states, 
occupying  a  floor  space  of  about  1000  square  feet  in  Market  Hall. 
The  museum  is  open  to  the  public  during  the  tourist  season  upon 
payment  of  ?  fee  of  25  cents.  The  number  of  visitors  is  between 
300  and  400  for  the  season. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  281 

CLEMSON  COLLEGE: 

GLEMSON  COLLEGE.     Natural  History  Museum. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  800;  Phanerogams,  4600;  Special  col- 
lections, loorb  preserved  specimens  of  local  fungi  and  a  collection 
of  parasitic  fungi  of  economic  importance,  together  with  the  host 
plants. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  1500,  in  storage,  2000;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  1000,  in  storage,  1000;  Dynamic  geology,  relief  maps, 
models,  etc.,  10.  There  is  also  a  collection  of  the  rocks  and  minerals 
of  the  state. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage, 
250;  Vertebrates,  50;  Plants,  50. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  40;  Insects,  on  exhibition,  5000,  in  storage, 
5000;  Other  invertebrates,  100;  Fishes,  20;  Batrachians,  20;  Reptiles, 
TOO;  Birds,  200;  Mammals,  20.  Special  collections  include  injurious 
insects  in  all  stages  of  their  life  history,  with  methods  of  combating 
them. 

The  museum  was  established  in  1904  as  an  aid  to  classroom  work, 
the  first  cases  being  installed  in  1906.  It  is  supported  by  appropria- 
tions from  the  college,  varying  from  $200  to  $500  a  year,  and  is  in 
charge  of  a  committee  of  the  faculty,  with  F.  H.  H.  Calhoun,  professor 
of  geology  and  mineralogy,  as  chairman  and  curator. 

COLUMBIA: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

The  college  maintains  museum  collections,  primarily  for  purposes 
of  instruction,  as  follows:  The  Babcock  collection  of  about  30,000 
Indian  relics  from  South  Carolina  and  neighboring  states;  22oo± 
minerals  and  700  rocks;  several  rare  pieces  of  old  furniture;  a  miscel- 
laneous collection  of  fossils;  and  a  zoological  collection  including  the 
Taylor  and  Heyward  collection  of  bird  eggs,  a  small  series  of  mounted 
birds,  and  the  Gibbes  collection  of  shells  and  crustaceans.  The  Bab- 
cock  collection  is  the  largest  of  its  kind  extant.  The  nucleus  of  the 
collection  of  minerals  and  fossils  consists  of  material  gathered  by  Cooper 
in  Europe  and  in  this  country,  enlarged  and  arranged  by  Brumby 
and  added  to  from  various  sources.  There  is  a  somewhat  extensive 
collection  of  fossils  of  the  coastal  plain  of  the  state  which  were  probably 
ga'hered  by  Professor  Tuomey.  The  Babcock  collection  is  housed  in 
the  library  and  is  open  to  public  inspection;  the  other  collections  are 
in  charge  of  the  professors  of  the  related  departments  and  are  used 
mainly  for  teaching  purposes. 


282  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

GREENVILLE: 

FURMAN  UNIVERSITY. 

Small  collections  in  anthropology,  geology,  paleontology,  and  zo- 
ology form  the  nucleus  of  a  museum  but  are  not  at  present  on  exhibi- 
tion. It  is  proposed  to  set  apart  a  room  for  this  purpose  in  the  new 
science  building. 

NEWBERRY: 

NEWBERRY  COLLEGE.     Sifley  Museum. 

The  museum  is  housed  in  Keller  Hall  and  comprises  collections  in 
anthropology  and  natural  history,  intended  primarily  for  teaching 
purposes. 

SPARTANBURG: 

WOFFORD  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  a  geological  museum  in  charge  of  D.  A. 
DuPre,  professor  of  physics  and  geology,  comprising  3000-4000  min- 
erals and  rocks,  and  500—700  fossils.  There  are  no  special  funds  for 
the  development  of  the  museum  but  it  is  attractively  installed  in  a 
room  in  Science  Hall  affording  about  2000  square  feet  of  floor  space. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA 

PIERRE: 

STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  this  society,  which  is  said  by  Thwaites  to  have  a  museum 
of  antiquities  of  the  state,  including  relics  of  Arikara  and  Sioux  In- 
dians, photographs,  etc. 

RAPID  CITY: 

SOUTH  DAKOTA  SCHOOL  OF  MINES. 

The  geological  collections  include  approximately  2000  minerals 
on  exhibition  and  1000  in  storage;  600  rocks  on  exhibition  and  200  in 
storage;  50  wall  maps,  300  crystal  models,  and  100  specimens  illustrat- 
ing dynamic  geology;  and  400  economic  specimens  on  exhibition  and 
200  in  storage.  There  are  2  excellent  relief  maps  of  the  Black  Hills. 
Special  attention  is  given  to  local  collections.  The  museum  is  sup- 
ported by  appropriations  from  the  funds  of  the  State  School  of  Mines, 
and  is  in  charge  of  the  professor  of  mineralogy  and  geology,  Cleophas 
C.  O'Harra.  There  is  a  library  of  500  volumes  intended  for  the  use  of 
instructors  and  students.  The  museum  occupies  2000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  500  for  offices,  etc. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  283 

VERMILION: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  the  museum  of  this  college,  which  is  said  by  Merrill  to  include 
1200  botanical  specimens,  700  minerals,  400  ores,  300  rock  specimens, 
1125  fossils  representing  500  species,  and  900  zoological -specimens. 

TENNESSEE 

CHATTANOOGA: 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  3  acres,  established  in  1896, 
containing  17  reptiles,  86  birds,  and  60  mammals. 

CLARKSVILLE: 

SOUTHWESTERN  PRESBYTERIAN  UNIVERSITY. 

A  teaching  collection,  including  about  6000  minerals,  a  large  col- 
lection of  rocks  and  fossils,  16,000  shells,  and  500  herbarium  speci- 
mens. 

KNOXVILLE: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  TENNESSEE. 

The  university  has  teaching  collections  in  connection  with  the 
scientific  departments  and  under  the  charge  of  the  heads  of  the  depart- 
ments. The  most  important  collection  is  the  herbarium,  which  includes 
30,000  specimens,  among  these  being  many  types  of  Chapman,  Gat- 
tinger,  Scribner,  and  others.  The  geological  department  has  collec- 
tions of  minerals,  rocks,  fossils,  ores,  and  building  stones,  with  a  col- 
lection of  the  minerals,  ores,  and  building  materials  of  Tennessee  in  pre- 
paration. In  zoology  there  are  several  thousand  insects  and  a  small 
synoptic  collection  of  other  groups.  In  anthropology  there  is  a  small 
collection  of  Indian  stone  implements  and  relics.  Prof.  C.  H.  Gordon 
is  in  charge  of  geology,  and  Prof.  Samuel  M.  Bain  in  charge  of  botany. 

LEBANON: 

CUMBERLAND  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  the  following  teaching  collections  in 
charge  of  Kate  A.  Hinds,  professor  of  natural  science:  About  600 
minerals  and  a  collection  of  rocks  from  the  United  States  geological 
survey;  1500  fossils  and  several  casts  of  fossils;  and  small  collections 
of  dried  and  alcoholic  zoological  specimens,  with  500  species  of  Japan- 
ese shells. 


284  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

MARYVILLE: 

MARYVILLE  COLLEGE. 

The  college  reports  that  it  maintains  a  museum,  but  no  further 
information  has  been  received  in  response  to  repeated  requests.  The 
museum  is  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  over  400  ethnological  speci- 
mens, 478  botanical  specimens,  1000  minerals,  750  fossils,  and  300 
zoological  specimens. 

MEMPHIS: 

COSSITT  LIBRARY  MUSEUM  ASSOCIATION. 

This  association  was  organized  in  1897  for  the  preservation  and 
development  of  material  from  Shelby  County  exhibited  at  the  Tennes- 
see Centennial  in  1896.  The  association  was  given  the  use  of  an  upper 
room  in  the  Cossitt  Library  building  and  the  museum  consisted  for  a 
r  umber  of  years  almost  entirely  of  loan  material.  In  1903  the  heirs  of 
Mr.  Elliston  Mason  presented  to  the  association  a  collection  of  mound- 
builaers  relics  and  one  of  fossils;  the  former  comprises  about  600  spe- 
cimens collected  about  the  Wappanooka  Mounds,  and  is  of  especial 
value  as  representing  the  life  and  habits  of  one  people. 

The  museum  is  in  charge  of  Miss  Lida  Speed,  who  devotes  a  part 
of  her  time  to  library  work  in  addition  to  her  duties  as  custodian. 
The  association  has  published  a  catalog  of  the  museum. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1903,  containing  i  reptile,  43  birds,  and  36  mammals. 

NASHVILLE: 

TENNESSEE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  librarian  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a  museum,  but 
no  further  information  has  been  received  in  reply  to  repeated 
requests. 

VANDERBILT  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  teaching  collections  in  charge  of  the 
heads  of  the  related  departments  of  the  university,  as  follows:  L.  C 
Glenn  (anthropology,  geology,  and  paleontology),  W.  L.  Dudley 
(chemistry),  G.  W.  Martin  (botany  and  zoology),  H.  Z.  Kip  (art), 
and  E.  A.  Ruddiman  (pharmacognosy). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.     5ooo±  specimens  of  native  archeology. 

ART.     ioo±  prints  and  engravings. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  285 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  1000;  Phanerogams,  2000.  There  are  fair 
collections  of  seeds,  woods,  etc.  For  teaching  purposes  there  is  a  full 
set  of  German  charts  and  specially  prepared  lantern  slides. 

CHEMISTRY.     200  museum  preparations. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  6ooo±;  Rocks,  25oo±;  Dynamic  geology, 
relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  5oo±;  Economic  collections,  ioo±. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  i5,ooo±;  Vertebrates,  25o±; 
Plants,  75o±. 

PHARMACOGNOSY.     800  specimens  of  drugs. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  200;  Insects,  1000;  Other  invertebrates,  200; 
Fishes,  500;  Batrachians,  100;  Reptiles,  250;  Birds,  200;  Mammals, 
50.  There  is  a  good  collection  of  skulls  of  the  lower  vertebrates  and 
man.  There  are  also  charts,  lantern  slides,  etc. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  various  collections  are  supported  from 
the  funds  allotted  to  each  department  by  the  university.  . 

BUILDING.  The  exhibits  are  in  different  buildings,  each  with  the 
corresponding  department  of  the  university. 

SCOPE.     College  teaching. 

WALDEN  UNIVERSITY. 

The  bursar  reports  that  the  university  does  not  maintain  a  muse- 
um, but  its  collections  are  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  150  ethnological 
specimens  from  Africa,  a  collection  of  coins  and  currency,  a  herbarium 
of  300  specimens  representing  150  species,  400  minerals,  100  fossils, 
and  a  zoological  collection,  including  a  general  series  of  116  mounted 
birds,  a  study  series  of  400  birds  of  Colorado  and  Tennessee,  50  sets 
of  bird  eggs,  8000  insects,  etc. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

This  park,  occupying  5  acres,  was  established  in  1902  and  contains 
3  reptiles,  31  birds,  and  295  mammals. 

TEXAS 

AUSTIN: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  TEXAS.     Museum  of  Economic  Geology. 

This  museum  is  a  part  of  the  bureau  of  economic  geology  of  the 
University  of  Texas,  and  is  in  charge  of  William  B.  Phillips,  director 
of  the  bureau.  The  foundation  of  the  museum  is  the  collections  made 
by  the  geological  survey  of  Texas  from  1888  to  1892  when  the  survey 
was  discontinued.  In  1901  a  mineral  survey  was  established  by  the 
legislature  in  connection  with  the  university  and  continued  till  1905, 
when  it  was  also  suspended.  The  valuable  material  gathered  by  these 


286  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

two  surveys  was  supplemented  by  the  material  secured  by  the  Texas 
World's  Fair  Commission  for  the  St.  Louis  Exposition.  The  museum 
is  confined  to  Texas  material  illustrating  the  economic  resources  of 
the  state,  of  which  it  has  the  largest  and  best  collection  extant.  There 
are  2500  minerals  on  exhibition  and  1500  in  storage.  There  are  also 
300  rocks,  and  economic  material  including  oil,  clays,  building  stones, 
salt,  cement,  ores,  and  rare  minerals. 

The  museum  is  housed  in  the  engineering  building  of  the  university 
which  was  erected  'n  1904.  It  has  no  publications  as  yet  but  is  arrang- 
ing for  two  bulletins  each  year  dealing  with  the  mineral  resources 
of  the  state.  It  is  open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sunday  from 
8.30  to  i  and  from  2  to  5.30.  There  are  no  statistics  of  attendance. 

In  addition  to  the  collections  described  above  there  are  extensive 
teaching  collections  connected  with  the  science  department  of  the 
university.  There  is  also  the  Swenson  collection  of  3476  coins  and 
1846  medals,  many  of  which  are  rare.  This  collection  is  in  charge  of 
the  professor  of  history,  Dr.  George  P.  Garrison. 

HOUSTON: 

HOUSTON  MUSEUM  AND  SCIENTIFIC  SOCIETY. 

This  society  was  incorporated  in  December,  1909,  and  proposes 
to  establish  a  museum  to  be  located  in  the  new  Auditorium,  now  being 
erected  by  the  city  at  a  cost  of  $250,000.  The  museum  is  to  be  in 
charge  of  C.  L.  Brock,  director,  and  is  to  include  both  science  and  his- 
tory. 

SAN  ANTONIO: 

SCIENTIFIC  SOCIETY  OF  SAN  ANTONIO.     (Stevens  Building.) 

The  society  was  organized  in  1904,  and  has  a  collection  including 
approximately  90  specimens  of  native  archeology,  500  minerals,  30 
rocks,  150  invertebrate  and  20  vertebrate  fossils,  and  a  zoological 
collection  comprising  300  shells,  150  insects,  125  fishes,  and  12  birds. 
There  are  144  photographs,  including  micro-photographs,  of  Texas 
insects,  other  invertebrates,  reptiles,  birds,  and  mammals.  The  col- 
lection is  administered  by  the  executive  committee  of  the  society, 
and  is  open  to  members  and  visitors  on  Friday  evenings.  There  is  a 
library  of  700  scientific  works.  The  society  publishes  an  annual  report. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

Two  zoological  parks  are  maintained,  one  established  privately 
in  1887  and  the  other  established  by  the  city  in  1902.  The  area  of  these 
parks  is  16  acres  and  they  contain  5  reptiles,  293  birds,  and  117  mam- 
mals. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  287 

WACO: 

BAYLOR  UNIVERSITY.     Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  John  Kern  Strecker  Jr.;  Honorary  assistants, 
John  L.  Kesler  (general  biology),  Lula  Pace  (botany),  W.  T.  Gooch 
(entomology);  i  student  assistant,  and  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  5000,  foreign,  406;  Ethnol- 
ogy, native,  322,  foreign,  242. 

BOTANY.  The  collection  is  uncataloged  at  present,  but  consists 
largely  of  local  plants,  supplemented  by  a  series  collected  by  Miss 
Pace  in  several  states.  The  Texas  material  includes  duplicate  types 
of  many  of  Lindheimer's  species. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  1272,  in  storage,  3401; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  650;  the  Mart  (Texas)  meteorite, 
polished  and  sectioned,  with  a  model  of  the  original  mass;  and  stone 
meteorites  from  Fayette  County,  Texas. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  716,  in  storage, 
1842;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  73,  in  storage,  346;  Plants,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 226,  in  storage,  507.  The  vertebrate  fossils  include  fish  skeletons, 
a  few  skulls,  teeth,  and  odd  bones,  but  no  large  complete  skeletons  or 
restorations. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  575,  in  storage,  10,613;  Insects, 
in  storage,  8500;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  683,  in  storage, 
3115;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  46,  in  storage,  306;  Batrachians  and  rep- 
tiles, on  exhibition,  52,  in  storage,  2786;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  416,  in 
storage,  2123;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  473,  in  storage,  2101;  Bird 
nests,  83;  Bird  eggs,  on  exhibition,  3916  (908  species);  Skulls,  fin- 
backed  whale  (18  feet  9  inches  in  length),  seals,  large  cats,  wolves, 
etc.  The  series  of  complete  skeletons  is  small. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Previous  to  1901  the  collections  consisted 
of  a  small  amount  of  material  for  teaching  purposes.  In  that  year  Mr. 
George  W.  Carroll  purchased  a  number  of  collections  and  also  provided 
40  exhibition  cases.  The  material  acquired  since  1903  has  been  through 
donation  and  exchange. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.     By  the  university. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  5  rooms  in  the  basement  and 
one  on  the  second  floor  of  the  Carroll  Science  Hall,  erected  in  1901  at  a 
cost  of  $75,000  by  G.  W.  Carroll.  The  museum  occupies  3200  square 
feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  256  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  board  of 
trustees  of  Baylor  University. 


288  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

SCOPE.  Maintenance  of  local  collections,  college  teaching,  and 
research. 

LIBRARY.  2000  bound  volumes  and  4200  pamph  ets  relating  chiefly 
to  zoology  and  intended  for  the  use  of  the  staff. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Occasional  contributions  from  the  museum  are 
published  in  the  Baylor  University  Bulletin. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily  except  Sunday  from 
8  to  5.  No  statistics  of  attendance  are  available. 

UTAH 

SALT  LAKE  CITY: 
DESERET  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.     President  and  curator,  James  E.  Talmage. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  5oo±,  foreign,  5o±;  Eth- 
nology, native,  iooo±,  foreign,  5oo±.  This  department  includes  a 
large  collection  of  desiccated  human  remains  and  artifacts  from  the 
cliff  dwellings  in  Utah. 

BOTANY.     A  set  of  about  150  large  papier-mache  models  of  plants. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  6oo± ;  Rocks,  ioo± ;  Dynamic  geology,  relief 
maps,  models,  etc.,  5o±.  This  department  has  about  25  tons  of  the 
large  geodes  of  Wayne  County,  with  selenite  crystals. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  35oo± ;  Vertebrates,  3  5o± ;  Plants, 
25°±- 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  25<x>±;  Insects,  iooo±;  Other  invertebrates, 
5oo± ;  Fishes,  5o± ;  Batrachians,  2o± ;  Reptiles,  5o± ;  Birds,  4oo± ; 
Mammals,  ioo±. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  established  about  1870 
under  the  name  of  the  Salt  Lake  Museum.  In  1885  it  became  the  pro- 
perty of  the  Salt  Lake  Literary  and  Scientific  Association  under  its 
present  name  Later  it  passed  into  the  possession  of  the  Church  of 
Jesus  Christ  of  Latter-day  Saints,  under  which  it  has  since  been  admin- 
istered. Since  1903  the  museum  has  been  closed  to  the  public  owing  to 
the  lack  of  a  suitable  building.  A  new  fireproof  building  is  now  in 
course  of  construction  and  it  is  expected  that  the  greater  part  of  the 
museum  collections  will  be  installed  in  the  summer  of  1910. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Hitherto  by  appropriations  from  church 
funds. 

BUILDING.  The  building  in  course  of  erection  in  1910  will  pro- 
vide 8200  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  4000  for  offices, 
workrooms,  etc. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  289 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  a  committee  of 
the  church. 

SCOPE.  Exploration,  maintenance  of  local  collections,  and  instruc- 
tion of  the  general  public. 

LIBRARY.     A  working  collection  for  use  of  the  staff  only. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  UTAH. 

The  curator,  Orson  Howard,  reports  that  the  university  main- 
tains a  museum,  but  no  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests 
for  further  information  regarding  the  collections,  which  are  said  by 
Merrill  to  comprise  a  herbarium  of  1700  plants,  2000  minerals,  200 
fossils,  and  2000  zoological  specimens. 

VERMONT 

BURLINGTON: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  VERMONT.     Museums. 

STAFF.  Curator,  G.  H.  Perkins,  who  is  also  professor  of  geology; 
Curator  of  the  botanical  museum,  C.  G.  Pringle. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  i5,ooo±,  foreign,  500; 
Ethnology,  native,  1000,  foreign,  2000.  This  department  includes 
several  thousand  specimens  of  stone,  bone,  copper,  shell,  and  earthen- 
ware objects  from  the  Champlain  Valley,  with  smaller  collections  from 
the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  valleys  and  the  Pacific  coast.  The  pottery 
of  the  mound  builders  and  of  Pueblo  tribes  is  represented  by  jars, 
dishes,  vases,  stone  and  bone  implements,  basket  work,  bits  of  cloth, 
skulls,  etc.,  from  cliff  houses  in  Mancos  Canyon,  Colorado.  There 
are  also  collections  of  weapons,  implements,  and  ornaments  of  the  na- 
tives of  Australia,  Polynesia,  Africa,  and  oriental  countries.  The  Reed 
collection  of  objects  obtained  among  the  Sioux  Indians  is  of  special 
interest,  and  there  are  also  similar  specimens  from  the  southern  tribes. 
There  is  also  the  valuable  Lewis  collection  of  Chinese  objects.  The 
collection  of  oriental  objects  obtained  in  India  by  the  late  Henry 
LeGrand  Cannon  is  displayed  in  a  room  added  to  the  museum  by 
special  provision  of  the  donor.  It  includes  fabrics  and  draperies; 
bronze  and  porcelain  lamps;  chairs,  stand,  and  screen  of  teak- wood 
elaborately  carved;  numerous  articles  of  silver,  chiefly  ornamental; 
musical  instruments;  household  articles  of  brass  and  iron;  Indian, 
Persian,  and  Japanese  armor;  articles  of  Tibetan  origin;  and  fine  speci- 
mens of  European  arms  of  the  i5th  and  i6th  centuries. 

ART.  Sculpture,  3  marbles  and  28  casts;  Prints  and  engravings, 
33;  Oil  paintings,  18;  Water  colors,  3.  This  collection  was  begun  in 


2QO  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

1873  by  the  liberality  of  Trenor  W.  Park  of  Bennington,  and  is  known 
as  the  Park  Gallery  of  Art.  The  original  plans  for  its  development 
have  not  been  followed,  and  for  some  years  nothing  has  been  done 
toward  keeping  up  the  collection.  It  is  housed  in  the  same  building 
with  the  university  museum,  but  is  not  under  the  charge  of  the  curator. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  40,000;  Phanerogams,  110,000;  Economic 
collections,  2000.  The  herbarium  was  begun  by  Professor  Joseph 
Torrey  before  the  middle  of  the  i  gth  century.  To  this  have  been  added 
collections  of  tropical .  ferns  by  Henry  LeGrand  Cannon  and  Mrs. 
Norman  Williams,  and  western  American  plants  by  Professor  Perkins 
and  others.  During  recent  years  a  special  effort  has  been  made  to  secure 
a  complete  representation  of  the  Vermont  flora.  Dr.  A.  J.  Grout  has 
contributed  especially  to  this.  Two  recent  and  important  additions  are 
the  herbarium  and  botanical  library  of  Charles  C.  Frost  and  the 
herbarium  of  Cyrus  G.  Pringle,  the  latter  is  probably  unsurpassed  in 
quality  by  any  existing  collection  and  ranks  in  size  as  one  of  the  large 
collections  of  America.  It  includes  most  of  the  known  species  of 
flowering  plants  and  ferns  of  North  America  and  Europe,  and  a  con- 
siderable representation  from  other  lands.  It  is  especially  rich  in 
Mexican  species  and  contains  many  types  from  this  region. 

GEOLOGY.     Minerals,  5000;  Rocks,  2000. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  5ooo±  specimens  of  invertebrate,  vertebrate, 
and  plant  fossils,  including  225  types  and  co-types. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  5000;  Insects,  3000;  Corals  and  sponges,  300; 
Fishes,  100;  Batrachians,  50;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  1000;  Mammals, 
loo.  This  collection  includes  a  nearly  complete  series  of  the  native 
mammals,  birds,  and  fishes  of  Vermont.  Three  groups  in  natural 
surroundings  have  been  prepared  by  Mr.  W.  E.  Balch,  the  most  note- 
worthy being  a  group  of  nine  beavers  from  6  weeks  to  3  years  of  age, 
w.th  a  full-size  section  of  a  lodge,  part  of  a  feeding-ground,  thirteen 
feet  of  a  dam,  and  a  representation  of  a  part  of  a  pond.  There  are  a 
number  of  the  now  very  rare  Blaschka  glass  models. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  botanical  museum  has  an  income  of 
$1000  annually  from  endowment,  while  the  other  departments  have 
an  income  of  $400. 

BUILDING.  Erected  by  the  university  in  1870  at  a  cost  of  $10,000. 
The  botanical  collections  are  in  the  Williams  Science  Building. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  the  curators  of  the  several  departments, 
responsible  to  the  president  of  the  university. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5. 
There  are  no  statistics  of  attendance  available. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  29 1 

MIDDLEBURY: 

MIDDLEBURY  COLLEGE.     Museum  of  Natural  History. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Edward  A.  Burt,  who  is  also  professor  of  natural 
history. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  On  the  first  floor  of  the  chapel  building  are  rooms 
containing  a  collect'on  of  Assyrian  tablets,  slabs,  and  casts,  and  other 
objects  of  interest  in  Semitic  history;  the  Chapman  collection  of  cos- 
tumes and  implements  from  the  Yukon  Valley;  stone  implements; 
and  relics  of  local  and  general  historical  interest. 

BOTANY.  A  complete  series  of  the  flowering  plants  and  ferns  of 
the  Champlain  Valley,  collected  by  President  Ezra  Brainerd;  a  set  of 
Vermont  mosses  prepared  by  Dr.  Grout;  and  a  collection  of  the  higher 
fungi  of  Vermont  now  being  accumulated  by  Professor  Burt. 

GEOLOGY.  A  fairly  complete  working  set  of  minerals;  a  set  of  the 
rocks  of  Vermont,  collected  by  Professor  Adams  while  conducting  the 
geological  survey  of  the  state;  and  a  collection  of  rocks  of  Minnesota. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  The  Adams  collection  of  fossils  and  the  Seeley 
collection  of  fossils  from  the  Champlain  Valley,  especially  strong  in 
forms  from  the  Chazy  limestone. 

ZOOLOGY.  A  general  synoptic  collection  of  shells;  a  full  series  of 
the  land  and  water  shells  of  Vermont  collected  and  arranged  by 
Professor  Adams;  a  mounted  collection  of  the  birds  of  Vermont;  and 
a  collection  of  marine  invertebrates. 

BUILDING.  The  anthropological  collections  occupy  rooms  on  the 
first  floor  of  the  chapel  building,  while  the  science  collections  are  on 
the  second  floor  of  the  Warner  Science  Hall. 

MONTPELIER: 

VERMONT  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  librarian  reports  that  the  society  maintains  a  museum  on  a 
small  scale,  but  no  further  information  has  been  received. 

VERMONT  STATE  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.     Curator,  George  H.  Perkins,  who  is  also  state  geologist. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.     Archeology,  native,  280. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  100;  Phanerogams,  1200;  a  set  of  native 
plants  collected  and  mounted  by  Mr.  C.  G.  Pringle. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  1300;  Rocks,  700.  The  material  in  this 
department  is  chiefly  from  Vermont  and  includes  a  complete  series 
of  the  rocks  collected  by  the  survey  of  1856-60;  also  a  nearly  complete 
set  of  the  marbles,  slates,  and  granites  of  the  state. 


2Q2   .  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

PALEONTOLOGY.  2000  invertebrate,  vertebrate,  and  plant  fos- 
sils, including  a  mounted  and  nearly  complete  skeleton  of  Delphinap- 
terus  vermontanus. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  1000;  Insects,  1000,  mostly  in  Denton  mounts; 
Fishes,  batrachians,  and  reptiles,  100;  Birds,  380;  Mammals,  60; 
Bird  eggs,  720.  Nearly  all  the  species  of  birds  and  mammals  of  Ver- 
mont are  represented  in  the  collection. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    An  annual  state  appropriation  of  $500. 

BUILDING.    The  museum  occupies  rooms  in  the  state  house. 

ADMINISTRATION.     By  a  curator.    The  accounts  go  to  the  auditor. 

SCOPE.  Primarily  the  exhibition  of  Vermont  collections  for  the 
instruction  of  the  general  public  and  the  schools. 

ST.  JOHNSBURY: 

THE  FAIRBANKS  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCE. 

STAFF.  Director,  Delia  I.  Griffin;  Curator,  Mabel  A.  Shields; 
Assistant,  Jessie  M.  Stevenson;  Taxidermist,  W.  A.  Balch;  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  1113, 
foreign,  210;  Ethnology,  native,  184,  foreign,  468.  Civilized  peoples, 
ancient,  338,  modern,  416.  There  are  two  life-size  ethnological  groups. 

BOTANY.     Cryptogams,  770;  Phanerogams,  6285;  Local  herbaria, 

598. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Coffee,  14;  Spices,  15;  Buttons,  27; 
Cotton,  16;  Cocoa,  6;  Silk,  56;  Roots,  21;  Woods,  249;  Gums,  39;  Seeds, 
396;  Enemies  of  Atlantic  coast  shells,  88. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  1657;  Rocks,  232;  Dynamic  geology,  relief 
maps,  models,  etc.,  114;  Special  collections,  lava  and  pumice,  107; 
Vermont  minerals  (just  begun),  60. 

HISTORY.  Colonial  exhibit,  78;  Old  books  and  documents  of  the 
United  States,  128;  War  relics,  40. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  107;  Vertebrates,  18;  Plants, 
40;  Special  collections — fossils  of  Vermont  and  New  York,  236, 
Brandon  fossil  fruits,  137. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2611,  in  storage,  1607;  Insects, 
5482;  Other  invertebrates,  317;  Fishes,  21;  Batrachians,  12;  Reptiles, 
40;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  1825,  in  storage,  287;  Mammals,  129;  Bird 
e£gs>  7775  Horns,  37  pairs;  Heads,  4;  Skeletons,  1 2 ;  Parts  of  skeletons, 
60.  There  are  7  large  and  7  small  groups  of  animals  exhibited  in  natu- 
ral surroundings:  among  these  are  muskrats  in  summer  and  winter 
homes;  moose  in  summer;  buffalo;  woodchucks;  groups  of  opossums, 
flamingoes,  and  birds  of  paradise.  • 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  293 

OTHER  DEPARTMENTS.  Coins,  2000;  Stamps,  2794;  War  enve- 
lopes, 696. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Fairbanks  Museum  originated  in 
natural  history  collections  gathered  during  many  years  by  Col.  Frank- 
lin Fairbanks,  who  erected  the  building  in  1890-91  and  endowed  the 
museum  with  a  sum  sufficient  for  its  maintenance. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  sole  support  of  the  museum  is  the  in- 
come from  endowment. 

BUILDING.  The  building  is  of  red  sandstone  with  granite  trim- 
mings, and  provides  9604  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and 
1744  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.    By  a  board  of  five  t-ustees. 

SCOPE.  Public  school  work,  local  collections,  and  instruction  of 
the  general  public.  About  200  lectures  a  year  are  given  to  classes  from 
the  public  schools.  Spring  bird  walks  are  conducted  for  classes  of 
children,  exhibits  are  loaned  to  the  schools,  and  an  annual  prize  bird 
contest  is  held.  From  April  to  October  a  flower  table  is  maintained  in 
the  museum  on  which  are  exhibited  specimens  of  all  wild  flowers  from 
the  vicinity.  Occasional  free  public  lectures  are  given  by  the  members 
of  the  staff  or  by  outside  lecturers.  Weekly  articles  on  the  work  of  the 
museum  are  published  in  the  local  newspapers.  Special  attention  is 
given  to  local  collections  of  plants,  woods,  minerals,  insects,  historical 
articles,  and  old  china. 

LIBRARY.  835  volumes  on  science  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and 
public.  Books  are  loaned  for  circulation  outside  the  library. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  Outline  course  in  nature  study  for  the  schools 
of  Vermont,  1908.  (2)  Outline  for  the  study  of  bird  life,  1905.  (3) 
Bird  migration  lists,  1907. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to 
12  and  i  to  5  and  on  Sundays  from  2.30  to  5.  Estimated  attendance, 
35,000  per  year. 

ST.  JOHNSBURY  ATHENAEUM. 

This  institution  includes  a  public  library,  art  gallery,  lecture  hall, 
and  reading  room,  and  is  maintained  by  the  income  from  endowment 
provided  by  the  founder  and  his  wife.  The  athenaeum  was  founded 
in  1870  by  Horace  Fairbanks,  and  the  building  was  erected,  equipped, 
and  presented  to  the  town  by  him  in  1871.  The  art  collection  includes 
about  60  works  of  art — painting,  marble,  and  bronze — and  is  open  free 
to  the  public  from  9  to  9,  Wednesday  evenings  excepted.  The  princi- 
pal painting  is  Bierstadt's  masterpiece,  "The  Domes  of  the  Yosemite." 


294  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

WESTFIELD: 

HITCHCOCK  MEMORIAL  MUSEUM. 

This  museum  is  in  charge  of  E.  S.  Miller,  curator,  and  is  housed  in 
the  public  library  building.  It  contains  a  general  natural  history 
collection,  including  several  large  groups  of  Vermont  animals  mounted 
in  natural  surroundings. 

VIRGINIA 

BLACKSBURG: 

VIRGINIA  POLYTECHNIC  INSTITUTE. 

The  collections  of  the  department  of  biology  have  been  built  up 
by  Dr.  Ellison  A.  Smyth  Jr.,  head  of  the  department.  They  were 
begun  in  1891  with  his  private  collection  of  shells  and  alcoholic  in- 
vertebrates, bird  eggs  and  skins,  lepidoptera,  alcoholic  snakes,  and 
dried  invertebrates.  About  70  birds  were  mounted,  and  Dr.  Smyth's 
private  herbarium  of  about  1000  species  was  added.  Later,  for  con- 
venience and  study,  the  butterflies  to  the  number  of  about  30,000, 
and  the  bird  skins  to  the  number  of  about  1500,  were  removed  to  his 
house,  thus  escaping  a  fire  which  destroyed  the  Science  Hall  and  the 
entire  museum  collection  with  the  exception  of  a  few  mounted  birds 
and  alcoholic  invertebrates.  Since  that  time  the  department  has 
been  installed  in  the  new  building,  and  Dr.  Smyth  has  by  personal 
collecting  in  the  tropics  and  elsewhere  and  by  purchase  more  than  re- 
placed the  earlier  collection  of  corals  and  shells.  These  with  some 
alcoholic  invertebrates,  a  few  skeletons,  the  college  collection  of  in- 
sects, and  a  case  of  mounted  birds  are  now  in  the  department  lecture 
room,  as  is  also  the  herbarium.  A  large  room  in  the  same  building 
has  been  set  apart  for  a  museum,  in  which  it  is  proposed  that  the  de- 
partments of  agronomy,  veterinary  and  animal  husbandry,  horti- 
culture, and  plant  pathology  will  unite  with  the  department  of  biology 
in  establishing  a  museum.  No  special  funds  are  available  however 
for  this  purpose  and  whatever  work  is  done  upon  the  museum  will  be 
due  to  the  personal  interest  of  the  teaching  staff  in  these  departments. 

CHARLOTTESVILLE : 

UNIVERSITY  OF  VIRGINIA.     Lewis  Brooks  Museum. 

This  is  a  large  brick  building  erected  in  1879  through  the  munifi- 
cence of  Lewis  Brooks  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  contains  large  collec- 
tions of  minerals,  rocks,  and  fossils  for  instruction  in  geology  and  min- 
eralogy, and  extensive  botanical  and  zoological  collections  for  instruc- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  295 

tion  in  biology.  The  number  of  specimens  in  the  various  depart- 
ments is  not  known.  The  lecture  rooms,  laboratories,  and  library  are 
also  contained  in  the  museum  building. 

EMORY: 

EMORY  AND  HENRY  COLLEGE. 

The  college  has  made  a  small  beginning  in  the  establishment  of 
a  museum  of  natural  science. 

LEXINGTON: 

WASHINGTON  AND  LEE  UNIVERSITY.     Museums. 

ART.  Bradford  Art  Gallery.  Bequeathed  to  the  university  by 
the  late  Vincent  L.  Bradford  of  Philadelphia,  and  endowed  by  him 
with  an  annuity  sufficient  for  its  maintenance  and  for  annual  addi- 
tions to  the  collection.  It  is  situated  on  the  second  floor  of  the  library 
building,  around  the  central  opening  beneath  the  dome.  Beside 
several  pieces  of  marble  statuary  the  gallery  contains  between  60  and 
70  oil  paintings.  With  this  art  gallery  is  deposited  the  Lee  collection 
of  American  portraits  in  oil,  loaned  by  the  president  emeritus,  General 
G.  W.  Custis  Lee.  Most  of  these  paintings  hung  at  Mount  Vernon, 
the  home  of  George  Washington,  from  whom  General  Robert  E.  Lee 
inherited  them.  In  addition,  there  is  in  the  Lee  Memorial  Chapel 
a  series  of  oil  paintings,  for  the  most  part  of  benefactors  of  the  uni- 
versity. 

SCIENCE.  In  connection  with  the  laboratories  of  biology  and  geol- 
ogy there  are  study  collections  of  minerals,  rocks,  and  fossils,  includ- 
ing the  United  States  geological  survey  educational  series  of  rocks, 
and  the  Batchen,  Ruffner,  and  Brooks  collections.  The  last  includes 
four  collections:  (i)  An  extensive  assortment  of  minerals,  native  and 
foreign,  and  specimens  of  many  varieties  of  rock  used  for  building  and 
ornamental  purposes.  (2)  A  synoptic  collection  of  fossil  animals  and 
plants.  (3)  A  synoptic  zoological  collection  of  stuffed  or  dried  ani- 
mals and  mounted  skeletons.  (4)  A  herbarium  of  5000  mounted 
specimens;  a  collection  of  700  sections  of  wood;  a  portfolio  of  American 
trees;  numerous  models  of  flowers;  and  a  series  of  botanical  charts. 

The  collections  are  in  charge  of  the  professors  of  related  depart- 
ments; the  science  collections  being  in  charge  of  H.  D.  Campbell, 
professor  of  geology  and  biology. 


296  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

NORFOLK: 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  3  acres,  estabHshed  in  1901, 
containing  6  reptiles,  133  birds,  and  48  mammals. 

RICHMOND: 

DEPARTMENT     OF     AGRICULTURE     AND      IMMIGRATION. 
Museum. 

This  department  maintains  a  museum  in  the  capitol,  comprising 
handsomely  installed  exhibits  of  the  fmits,  grains,  etc.,  end  the  birds 
and  animals  of  Virginia.  The  exhibit  is  open  free  to  the  public  when- 
ever the  capitol  is  open  and  the  attendance  is  35,000-50,000  a  year. 

CONFEDERATE  MEMORIAL  LITERARY  SOCIETY. 

This  society  maintains  a  museum  of  Confederate  war  relics  in  the 
"  White  House  of  the  Confederacy."  A  room  in  this  building  is  main- 
tained by  each  of  the  Confederate  states  in  which  are  exhibited  its 
war  relics,  in  charge  of  a  resident  vice-regent.  The  formal  opening 
of  the  building  took  place  in  1896;  the  funds  for  restoration,  fireproof- 
ing,  and  steam-heating  having  been  raised  by  a  memorial  bazaar.  The 
museum  is  open  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5;  admission  is 
free  on  Saturdeys  but  on  other  days  a  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged. 

R.  E.  LEE  CAMP  NO.  1  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS. 

The  camp  has  a  gallery  containing  about  87  oil  portraits  of  prom- 
inent soldiers  of  the  Confederacy,  including  nearly  every  officer  of  the 
army  of  northern  Virginia  and  many  officers  of  the  army  of  Ten- 
nessee. The  collection  is  in  charge  of  the  camp,  W.  S.  Archer,  com- 
mander, and  J.  Taylor  Stratton,  adjutant. 

RICHMOND  COLLEGE. 

A  series  of  casts  of  celebrated  statuary,  paintings,  objects  of  eth- 
nographical interest,  etc.,  is  installed  in  a  hall  affording  about  4000 
square  feet  of  floor  space.  The  collection  is  in  charge  of  C.  H.  Ryland, 
curator,  and  is  maintained  from  the  general  funds  of  the  college.  It 
is  open  to  visitors  as  well  as  to  the  college. 

THE  VALENTINE  MUSEUM,     (llth  and  Clay  Sts.) 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  The  collections  were  made  and  presented  by 
Granville  G.  Valentine,  Benjamin  B.  Valentine,  and  Edward  P.  Val- 
entine, and  consist  chiefly  of  surface  finds  (pipes,  ceremonial  stones, 
discoidal  stones,  arrow  and  spear  heads,  etc.),  and  objects  from  the 
mounds  of  Virginia  and  North  Carolina.  There  is  also  a  collection  of 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF   NATURAL  SCIENCES  297 

Irish  implements  of  the  stone  age  and  one  of  modern  Cherokee  and 
other  pottery. 

ART.  A  collection  of  1734  casts  of  Assyrian,  Egyptian,  Greek,  Ro- 
man, renaissance  and  modern  sculpture,  was  presented  by  Granville 
G.  Valentine.  There  are  also  engravings,  manuscripts,  drawings, 
etc.,  and  a  large  Brussels  tapestry,  The  Sacrifice  in  the  Temple,  made 
by  F.  van  den  Hecke,  early  in  the  i7th  century.  This  tapestry  meas- 
ures 15  x  20  feet  and  is  said  to  be  the  largest  ever  brought  to  this  coun- 
try. There  is  also  a  similar  smaller  tapestry,  Fortune  distributing 
her  Gifts. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  Established  for  the  purpose  of  preserving 
and  accumulating  objects  of  archeology,  anthropology,  and  other  arts, 
and  for  publishing  literary,  historical,  and  scientific  papers,  according 
to  the  provisions  made  by  will  of  the  late  Mann  S.  Valentine,  of  Rich- 
mond. The  museum  was  incorporated  in  1894  and  opened  to  the 
public  in  1898. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  donor  provided  an  endowment  fund 
of  $50,000  for  the  maintenance  of  the  museum.  A  small  income  is 
derived  from  life  memberships,  door  receipts,  and  the  sale  of  catalogs. 

BUILDING.  The  collections  are  housed  in  the  former  residence  of 
the  donor  of  the  museum,  built  in  1812  and  having  the  original  doors, 
silver  knobs,  locks,  and  hinges. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  self-perpetuating  board  of  trustees  of  10 
members. 

LIBRARY.  In  1898,  at  the  opening  of  the  museum,  the  collection 
of  books  contained  3300  volumes. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  to  the  public  on  wee'k-days  from  10  to  5.- 
An  admission  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged,  except  on  Saturdays.  Tn 
the  past  two  years  and  a  half  there  have  been  12,000  visitors. 

VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  maintains  a  large  gallery  of  portraits  of  Virginians  and 
others;  a  small  collection  of  historical  relics;  and  a  library  containing 
also  a  valuable  collection  of  manuscripts.  W.  G.  Stanard,  corres- 
ponding secretary. 

VIRGINIA  STATE  LIBRARY.     (State  Capitol.) 

The  library  has  8  pieces  of  sculpture;  50  prints  and  engravings;  and 
105  oil  paintings,  chiefly  historical  portraits. 


298  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

WASHINGTON 

PULLMAN: 

STATE  COLLEGE  OF  WASHINGTON. 

The  college  maintains  a  museum  on  the  third  floor  of  the  science 
hall,  in  charge  of  W.  T.  Shaw, curator.  The  general  collection  occu- 
pies a  large  central  room,  while  the  departmental  collections  are  in 
three  smaller  rooms.  The  museum  comprises  an  excellent  collection 
of  minerals  from  the  United  States,  New  South  Wales,  Germany, 
and  Mexico;  an  almost  complete  collection  of  the  ores  of  the  state  of 
Washington;  plaster  casts  of  prehistoric  implements;  a  herbarium  com- 
prising 8o,ooo±  phanerogams  and  pteridophytes,  5000=1=  bryophytes, 
io,ooo±  fungi,  and  200±  algae;  the  Misses  Mary  P.  Olney  collec- 
tion of  shells;  a  nearly  complete  collection  of  Puget  Sound  mollusks; 
a  large  series  of  fossil  shells  from  Canada;  200  ooo±  insects;  an  excellent 
set  of  echinoderms  and  other  invertebrates;  and  a  large  number  of 
mounted  fishes,  birds,  and  mammals.  The  collection  of  Alaskan 
birds  is  especially  notable,  consisting  of  about  no  species  obtained  by 
the  curator  during  two  trips  through  southern  Alaska,  the  Yukon 
country,  and  the  Bering  Sea  region,  and  including  a  specimen  of  the 
Fisher  petrel  (/Estrelaia  fisheri)  which  is  the  second  known  to  science. 

The  college  appropriates  $750-1000  a  year  for  the  general 
ma'ntenance  of  the  museum.  The  collections  are  open  free  to  the 
public  on  week-days  from  9  to  4. 

SEATTLE: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  WASHINGTON.     State  Museum. 

STAFF.     Curator,  F.  S.  Hall;  i  assistant  and  i  janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Ethnology,  native,  26,000+ ,  foreign,  600+ . 
This  department  includes  the  Stewart  collection  of  many  thousand 
Indian  implements,  weapons,  baskets,  etc.,  collected  along  the  lower 
Columbia  River  and  purchased  for  the  museum  at  the  close  of  the  Lewis 
and  Clark  Exposition;  an  extensive  Philippine  collection;  and  the 
Emmons  collection  of  about  1800  articles  illustrating  the  life  and 
habits  of  the  Tlingit  people  of  southeastern  Alaska. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  1500  (10  types);  Phanerogams,  10,000. 
There  are  also  400  jars  of  preserved  fruits,  nuts,  vegetables,  etc.  of 
the  state;  200+  economic  grasses,  seeds,  etc.,  from  Washington  and 
Alaska;  an  exhibition  series  of  450+  mounted  botanical  specimens 
from  Washington  and  Alaska;  and  an  extensive  forestry  exhibit  from 
Washington,  Alaska,  Hawaii,  and  the  Philippines. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  299 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Commercial  material  illustrating 
the  lumber  industry  and  timber  products,  fishing,  clay  products  of 
the  state,  etc. 

EDUCATION.  Examples  of  primary  school  work,  1000+  ;  of  gram- 
mar school  work,  4900+  ;  of  high  school  work,  800+  ;  of  college  work, 
350. 

GEOGRAPHY.  A  large  Alaska  panorama,  which  is  a  composite 
of  Alaskan  scenery  and  is  said  to  be  the  finest  of  the  kind  in  the  United 
States;  2  smaller  cycloramas  of  scenes  in  the  Yellowstone  National 
Park;  a  small  cyclorama  of  a  hydraulic  mining  scene  in  Alaska;  and 
about  20  paintings  of  Alaskan  scenery. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  3800,  in  storage,  40  tons; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  500+ ,  in  storage,  4  tons;  Relief  maps,  models, 
etc.,  20+  ;  Clay  products,  building  stones,  etc.,  500.  This  department 
includes  the  valuable  Baker  collection  of  1000  minerals,  and  very  com- 
plete sets  of  the  rocks  and  minerals  of  Washington. 

HISTORY.  A  small  collection  of  material  pertaining  to  American 
history,  especially  of  the  Northwest  and  Alaska. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  5000,  in  storage, 
io,coo,  types,  35;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  30;  Plants,  on  exhibition, 
200,  in  storage,  2000.  This  department  includes  the  Henshaw  col- 
lection of  silurian  fossils  from  the  Ohio  region,  and  a  synoptic  series  of 
invertebrates  from  Ward.  Among  material  not  worked  up  is  a 
series  of  marine  invertebrates  of  western  Washington,  a  complete 
collection  of  brackish-water  invertebrates,  and  a  collection  of  tertiary 
plants  of  western  Washington. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2000,  in  storage,  12,000;  Insects, 
on  exhibition,  1000,  in  storage,  30,000,  types,  100;  Other  inverte- 
brates, on  exhibition,  500,  in  storage,  10,000,  types,  25;  Fishes,  on 
exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  1000;  Batrachians,on  exhibition,  12,  in  stor- 
age, 50+;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  15+,  in  storage,  4000;  Birds,  on 
exhibition,  200,  in  storage,  8cc ;  Mammals,  on  exhibition,  25,  in  storage, 
30+. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  nucleus  of  the  museum  is  a  small  eth- 
nological collection  collected  previous  to  1880.  To  this  was  added  in 
1880  a  series  of  fishes  collected  by  Dr.  Jordan.  In  1883  this  material 
was  turned  over  to  the  Young  Naturalist's  Society  which  erected  a 
building  on  the  university  campus  and  increased  the  museum.  When 
the  university  moved  to  its  present  location  other  collections  were 
secured  and  a  curator  appointed.  In  1899  the  state  legislature  created 
the  State  Museum  and  provided  that  it  should  be  located  at  the  uni- 


300  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

versity,  and  that  it  should  be  the  repository  for  all  articles  and  speci- 
mens of  a  scientific  or  historical  character.  A  general  reorganization 
of  the  museum  is  now  in  progress. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Optional  appropriations  from  the  general 
funds  of  the  university. 

BUILDINGS.  The  State  Museum  was  erected  in  1909  at  a  cost  of 
$39,000  for  the  use  of  the  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Exposition.  After 
the  exposition  it  was  given  to  the  university  and  will  house  the  anthro- 
pological and  geological  departments  of  the  museum.  It  affords 
32,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  4500  for  offices, 
etc.  The  Forestry  Museum  was  erected  by  the  state  in  1909  at  a  cost 
of  $80,000,  and  affords  26,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition, 
and  1500  for  offices,  etc.,  for  the  forestry  exhibit  of  the  museum.  This 
building  also  houses  the  school  of  forestry  of  the  university. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  president  and 
regents  of  the  University  of  Washington.  The  curator  is  assisted  by 
an  advisory  museum  committee. 

SCOPE.  Principally  local  and  Alaskan  collections.  Increasing 
stress  is  laid  upon  university  teaching,  and  plans  for  public  instruction 
are  under  consideration. 

LIBRARY.  A  library  ha  s  been  recently  begun,  and  comprises  about 
150  volumes  and  over  100  pamphlets  intended  for  the  use  of  the  mu- 
seum staff. 

WASHINGTON  STATE  ART  ASSOCIATION.     Museum   of  Arts 
and  Sciences. 

The  Washington  State  Art  Association  was  incorporated  in  1906 
for  the  founding  and  maintenance  of  schools  of  art  and  design,  the 
formation  and  exhibition  of  collections  of  objects  of  art,  and  the  exten- 
sion of  the  arts  and  design  by  any  appropriate  means.  The  galleries  of 
the  association  are  temporarily  in  the  Carnegie  Library  building.  The 
executive  officer  of  the  board  of  trustees  is  George  L.  Berg,  secretary- 
director;  J.  Louis  Charbneau  is  museum  curator. 

Several  hundred  members  have  been  enrolled,  subscriptions  to  the 
building  fund  are  progressing  favorably,  and  plans  for  permanent  or- 
ganization and  installation  are  being  developed. 

The  collections  now  on  hand  are  as  follows:  The  Tozier  collec- 
tion of  Indian  relics,  valued  at  more  than  $40,000;  the  Standley  col- 
lection of  ivories  and  curios,  valued  at  $10,000;  the  Moses  collection 
of  fossil  ivories,  old  silver,  miniatures,  and  jewelry;  a  pair  of  perfectly 
matched  mastodon  tusks  from  Alaska,  valued  at  $1000;  plaster  casts 
from  the  Boston  Sculpture  Company,  valued  at  $1000;  a  valuable 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  301 

collection  of  old  Roman  pottery;  fossil  invertebrates  from  the  Smith- 
sonian Institution;  the  Oliver  mineral  collection;  the  Cantwell  col- 
lection of  American  birds;  a  collection  of  Hopi  pottery;  and  consider- 
able other  material  now  in  storage. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  3  acres,  established  in  1901, 
containing  66  birds  and  120  mammals. 

SPOKANE 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1906,  containing  57  birds  and  39  mamma] s. 

TACOMA: 

FERRY  MUSEUM. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
concerning  this  museum,  which  is  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  200  eth- 
nological specimens,  250  minerals,  150  fossils,  and  50  zoological  speci- 
mens in  addition  to  small  art  and  miscellaneous  collections. 

TACOMA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  repeated  requests  for  information 
regarding  the  museum  of  this  academy,  which  is  said  by  Merrill  to 
comprise  1000  ethnological  and  500  geological  specimens. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  TO  acres,  established  in  1897, 
containing  3  reptiles,  75  birds,  and  63  mammals. 

WEST  VIRGINIA 

MORGANTOWN: 

WEST  VIRGINIA  UNIVERSITY. 

The  secretary  reports  that  the  university  does  not  maintain  a  mu- 
seum. It  is  said  by  Merrill  to  have  collections  comprising  500  anthro- 
pological specimens,  3000  botanical  specimens,  1300  minerals,  2000 
fossils,  and  a  working  collection  in  zoology. 

WISCONSIN 

APPLETON: 

LAWRENCE  COLLEGE.     David  Walch  Museum. 

STAFF.  There  is  no  salaried  staff,  the  professor  of  biology,  W. 
J.  Brinckley,  acting  as  curator. 


302  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  200, 
foreign,  50.  Civilized  peoples,  ancient,  200,  modern,  150. 

ART.     Sculpture,  Thorwaldsen's  "Eve"  and  an  Egyptian  piece. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  1200;  Phanerogams,  1800;  Economic 
collections,  50. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  960,  in  storage,  1000;  Rocks, 
200.  The  collection  of  lead,  zinc,  iron,  and  copper  specimens  is  par- 
ticularly good.  The  collection  includes  a  duplicate  set  of  the  material 
gathered  by  the  state  geological  survey  of  1879  and  some  succeeding 
years. 

PALEONTOLOGY.     Invertebrates,  600;  Plants,  150. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  9560,  in  storage,  3ooo±;  In- 
sects, 300;  Other  invertebrates,  300;  Fishes,  20;  Batrachians,  3;  Rep- 
tiles, 30;  Birds,  250;  Mammals,  30. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Variable  appropriations  by  the  board  of 
trustees  of  Lawrence  College. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  3720  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  800  for  offices  and  workrooms,  on  the  fourth  floor 
of  the  Stephenson  Science  Hall. 

SCOPE.     College  teaching  and  public  instruction. 

LIBRARY.  500  volumes  intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and 
public. 

PUBLICATIONS.     A  catalog  is  in  preparation. 

ATTENDANCE.  Free  to  the  public  on  Thursdays  during  the  school 
year. 

ASHLAND: 

ASHLAND  PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 

The  school  board  maintains  a  museum  of  natural  history  and  art- 
icles of  local  historical  interest,  occupying  about  768  square  feet  of 
floor  space  in  the  high  school  building.  The  museum  is  used  for 
school  work  and  for  instruction  of  the  general  public.  It  is  open  free 
to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  6. 

BARABOO: 

SAUK  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  society  was  incorporated  in  1905  for  the  purpose  of  studying 
and  collecting  material  relating  to  the  history  of  Sauk  County.  Spe- 
cial attention  has  been  given  to  the  archeology  of  the  county,  and  the 
collection  now  comprises  1000  ±  specimens.  The  historical  collec- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  303 

tions  include  5oo±  specimens  in  addition  to  a  small  collection  of 
G.  A.  R.  relics.  There  are  also  specimens  of  local  stalactites  and  trilo- 
bites  and  no  polished  Unios.  There  is  a  library  of  10  volumes  relat- 
ing to  local  history. 

The  society  receives  an  annual  appropriation  of  $200  from  the 
county,  in  addition  to  th  •»  fees  of  members,  which  are  50  cents  armuaUy. 
The  museum  is  administered  by  an  executive  committee  and  is  free 
to  the  public.  No  sta  tistics  of  attendance  are  kept. 

The  society  has  published  a  sketch  of  Abe  Wood,  first  permanent 
settler  of  Bamboo,  by  H.  E.  Cole. 

BELOIT: 

BELOIT  COLLEGE.     Museums. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Logan  Museum  of  Archeology.  This  museum 
is  in  charge  of  Mr.  George  L.  Collie  and  3  student  assistants.  It 
derives  its  name  from  Mr.  F.  G.  Logan  who  presented  the  Rust  col- 
lection of  material  from  Southern  California  and  Arizona,  the  Perkins, 
Ellsworth,  and  Elkey  collections  of  material  chiefly  from  Wisconsin, 
and  who  also  provided  an  endowment  yielding  an  annual  income  of 
$700.  The  collection  includes  6725  specimens  of  native  archeology 
and  490  of  foreign  archeology.  It  is  especially  rich  in  copper  and  stone 
artifacts  from  Wisconsin.  The  Rust  collection  includes  pueblo  pot- 
tery, mortars,  pestles,  steatite  bowls,  etc.  There  are  180  ethnological 
specimens  from  the  Dakota  and  Winnebago  tribes.  There  is  a  good 
collection  of  Porno  baskets,  and  a  representative  series  of  artifacts 
from  Scandinavia,  France,  and  Japan.  The  Logan  Museum  is  housed 
in  Memorial  Hall,  erected  in  1869  by  the  college  at  a  cost  of  $22,000 
and  providing  4500  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  and  600 
for  storage.  The  museum  is  administered  by  a  curator,  responsible 
to  the  board  of  trustees  of  Beloit  College.  It  is  open  free  to  the  pub- 
lic daily  from  3  to  5  and  7  to  9. 

ART.  The  art  museum  includes  400  casts  of  antique  and  modern 
sculpture;  16,000  prints,  engravings,  and  photographs;  75  oil  paintings; 
25  water  colors  and  pastels;  and  quite  a  large  collection  of  ceramics. 
The  collection  of  Greek  casts  from  the  anthropological  building 
at  the  Columbian  Exposition  is  especially  noteworthy.  There  is  an 
art  library  of  2000  volumes,  including  valuable  files  of  art  journals. 
The  museum  is  installed  in  Art  Hall,  .erected  by  the  college  at  a  cost 
of  $5000  and  providing  4500  square  feet  of  exhibition  space.  It  is  in 
charge  of  Mrs.  Helen  B.  Emerson,  curator,  and  one  assistant.  The 


304  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

collection  is  maintained  by  the  income  from  the  Eldridge  fund 
of  $10,000. 

BOTANY.  The  Ellis  and  Everhard  collection  of  Peronosporaceae 
of  the  United  States;  500  species  of  flowering  plants  of  Wisconsin. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  650  specimens,  particularly  rich  in  quartz 
and  calcite,  mainly  from  Wisconsin;  Rocks,  1200,  including  the  Krantz 
series  illustrating  Rosenbusch's  Manual;  that  by  Sturtz  illustrating 
typical  massive  rocks;  one  by  Kuntze  illustrating  typical  American 
localities;  and  500  specimens  illustrating  the  principle  ores  of  Canada 
and  the  United  States;  dynamic  geology,  relief  maps,  topographic 
maps,  folios,  models,  etc.,  450. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  1200  invertebrate,  50  vertebrate,  and  15  plant 
fossils.  This  collection  is  especially  rich  in  fossils  of  the  Trenton  group 
obtained  from  a  fine  exposure  at  Beloit.  The  collection  contains 
many  type  specimens  from  this  locality. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  Willard  collection  of  1000  specimens  representing 
the  birds,  and  to  a  less  extent,  the  mammals  of  Wisconsin;  200  species 
of  bird  eggs;  and  a  large  collection  of  shells  now  well  labeled. 

OTHER  COLLECTIONS.  There  is  also  a  large  collection  of  postage 
stamps. 

The  collections  in  botany,  geology,  paleontology  and  zoology  are 
housed  in  the  corresponding  departments  in  Science  Hall,  which  was 
erected  by  the  college  at  a  cost  of  $82,000. 

DARLINGTON: 

LAFAYETTE  COUNTY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  has  a  collection  including  over  500  Indian  implements , 
etc.,  war  relics,  antique  furniture,  portraits  of  old  settlers,  and  other 
articles  of  historical  interest.  There  is  also  a  library  of  nearly  400 
volumes  on  historical  subjects.  The  society  was  organized  in  January, 
1909,  when  it  received  an  appropriation  of  $500  from  the  county.  The 
collection  is  exhibited  in  the  court  house,  and  is  maintained  by  member- 
ship fees.  It  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  8  to  6. 

GREEN  BAY: 

KELLOGG  PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 

The  library  maintains  a  small  museum  collection  which  is  intended 
to  be  installed  in  a  basement  room  set  apart  for  the  purpose,  as  soon 
as  the  necessary  funds  are  available  for  cases,  etc.  The  collection  in- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  305 

eludes  a  small  but  choice  series  of  Indian  relics,  chiefly  local,  and  an  art 
collection  comprising  24  prints  and  engravings,  22  oil  paintings,  and 
26  oriental  rugs;  also  a  very  handsome  Dutch  marquetry  cabinet  of 
the  i  yth  century.  In  geology  there  is  a  collection  of  agates.  The 
exhibit  is  in  charge  of  Deborah  B.  Martin,  librarian. 


MADISON: 

STATE  HISTORICAL  MUSEUM  OF  WISCONSIN. 

STAFF.     Chief,  Charles  E.  Brown. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  10,- 
ooo±,  foreign,  8oo± ;  Ethnology,  native,  25oo±,  foreign,  i5oo±.  Civ- 
ilized peoples,  ancient,  5oo±,  modern,  3Ooo±.  There  are  models  of 
a  pueblo  and  of  a  cliff  dwelling,  and  the  exhibition  of  ethnological 
groups  is  contemplated. 

ART.  Reproductions  of  Greek  art;  a  valuable  collection  of  prints 
and  engravings;  a  large  collection  of  oil  paintings;  a.  small  collection 
of  water  colors;  the  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams  collection  of  cera- 
mics; and  a  collection  of  Brussels,  Italian,  and  other  laces.  Special 
collections  include  etched  engravings  of  architectural  ruins  in  Rome 
and  Tivoli  by  Giovanni  Battista  Piranesi;  Arundel  society  reproduc- 
tions in  color  of  European  frescos;  Medici  reproductions;  Japanese 
color  prints;  antique  chairs,  tables,  chests,  stands,  bronzes,  etc. ;  and 
old-fashioned  musical  instruments. 

HISTORY.  Reproduction  of  a  New  England  colonial  kitchen;  a 
collection  illustrating  the  period  of  the  French,  British,  and  American 
fur  trade;  a  collection  illustrating  steamboating  days  on  the  upper 
Mississippi;  a  collection  illustrating  the  military  history  of  the  state 
and  nation,  and  including  the  war  flags  of  the  Wisconsin  Civil  and  Span- 
ish war  regiments;  relics  of  Wisconsin  territorial  days;  and  a  collec- 
tion of  American  and  foreign  coins,  bank  notes,  medals,  and  medallions. 
Other  collections  are  being  developed. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  first  organization  of  the  society  (1849- 
53)  maintained  a  small  library,  housed  in  a  glass  case  on  a  table  in  the 
governor's  office,  but  no  museum.  After  9  reorganization  in  1854, 
portraits,  specimens,  and  relics  began  slowly  to  come  in  and  were 
designated  as  the  cabinet  and  gallery  in  distinction  from  the  library. 
In  1884  the  society  occupied  quarters  in  the  capitol  and  after  1886  the 
term  museum  was  applied  to  the  collection.  In  August,  1900,  the 
society  removed  to  the  present  state  historical  library  building,  the 
entire  upper  floor  of  which  is  devoted  to  museum  purposes.  The 


306  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

museum  has  been  fully  organized  as  a  department  of  the  society  with 
its  own  chief,  only  since  1908. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  society  is  now  asking  from  the  state 
an  annual  appropriation  of  $3500  for  the  maintenance  of  the  museum 
and  the  prosecution  of  historical  and  anthropological  research. 

BUILDING.  Since  1900  the  museum  has  occupied  the  entire  upper 
floor  of  the  state  historical  library  building,  including  two  large  and  six 
smaller  halls,  with  adjoining  office,  storerooms,  photographer's  dark- 
room, carpenter  shop,  etc.  Additional  exhibition  halls  and  a  labor- 
atory are  needed. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  chief,  responsible  to  the  State  Historical 
Society  of  Wisconsin. 

SCOPE.  The  chief  aim  of  the  museum  is  popular  education  in 
anthropology,  history,  and  art,  with  exploration  and  research  in  these 
subjects,  especially  in  Wisconsin.  Lectures  are  given  in  the  museum 
to  schools,  University  of  Wisconsin  classes,  women's  clubs,  and  the 
general  public,  by  the  chief,  university  professors,  and  others.  Special 
exhibits  illustrating  anthropological  and  historical  subjects  are  made 
from  time  to  time.  The  Madison  Art  Association  holds  a  number 
of  special  exhibits  and  lectures  in  the  museum  halls  each  year.  The 
Wisconsin  Archeological  Society,  the  Wisconsin  branch  of  the  National 
Association  of  Audubon  Societies,  and  the  Wisconsin  Academy  of 
Sciences,  Arts,  and  Letters  each  occupy  an  office  in  the  museum. 
The  Museum  Club  holds  meetings  in  the  museum. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Reports  are  made  in  the  annual  Proceedings  of 
the  State  Historical  Society  and  handbooks,  catalogs,  and  circulars 
are  issued  by  the  museum. 

ATTENDANCE.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  on  week- 
days from  9  to  5,  and  occasionally  on  Sunday  afternoons.  The  num- 
ber of  visitors  is  from  60,000  to  80,000  a  year. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  WISCONSIN. 

The  university  maintains  no  formal  museum  but  has  extensive 
teaching  collections  in  connection  with  its  science  departments.  The 
more  important  features  of  these  collections  are  as  follows:  The  type 
fossils  described  in  the  volumes  of  the  first  geological  survey  of  Wis- 
consin, deposited  by  the  Wisconsin  Academy;  over  34,000  minerals; 
27,000  rocks;  a  herbarium  of  10,000  sheets  of  phanerogams  and  vas- 
cular cryptogams  from  outside  the  state,  4000  sheets  from  within  the 
state,  and  7000  labeled  specimens  of  Musci. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  307 

MILTON: 

MILTON  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  under  the  charge  of 
A.  R.  Crandall,  professor  of  biology,  with  special  stress  upon  local  col- 
lections. 

4 

MILWAUKEE: 

LAYTON  ART  GALLERY. 

The  Layton  Art  Gallery  was  built  by  Mr.  Frederick  Layton  at  a 
cost  of  $115,000,  and  given  an  endowment  of  $100,000  the  gallery 
being  incorporated  in  1888  for  the  purpose  of  maintaining  a  public 
art  gallery.  The  collections  include  TO  pieces  of  sculpture  and.  183 
paintings.  There  is  a  limited  reference  library  for  the  use  of  both 
staff  and  public.  Plain  and  illustrated  catalogs  have  been  published. 
The  gallery  is  open  free  to  the  public  three  and  one-half  days  a  week; 
on  two  days  an  admission  fee  of  25  cents  is  charged.  The  number  of 
visitors  averages  30,000  a  year.  The  museum  is  in  charge  of  George 
Raab,  curator,  and  Elizabeth  Hillman,  assistant. 

PUBLIC  MUSEUM  OF  THE  CITY  OF  MILWAUKEE.      . 

STAFF.  Director,  Henry  L.  Ward;  Curators,  Samuel  A.  Barrett 
(anthropology),  Sigmund  Graenicher  (invertebrate  zoology),  Carl 
Thai  (books);  Lecturer,  Alfred  C.  Burrell;  Guide-lecturer,  Anton  C. 
Katze-Miller;  Chief  taxidermist,  George  Shrosbree;  Modeler,  Herbert 
Clowes;  Assistants,  Hall  C.  Rhode  (taxidermy),  Richard  Muttkowski 
(invertebrate  zoology V;  Clerk,  William  B.  Brickner;  i  janitor, 3  guards, 
i  messenger,  3  cleaning  women,  2  engineers,  and  4  firemen. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples :  Archeology,  native, 
i9,2oo±,  foreign,  2890:!=;  Ethnology,  native,  3300^,  foreign,  26oo±. 
Civilized  peoples,  ancient,  64C±,  modern,  8975=!=.  A  collection  of  962 
Indian  copper  implements,  mostly  from  Wisconsin,  is  considered  one 
of  the  most  important  of  its  kind  in  the  country.  The  collections  of 
firearms,  and  of  boots  and  shoes  of  all  nations  also  rank  high.  One 
life-size  ethnological  group  is  on  exhibition,  one  in  storage,  and  others 
in  preparation.  This  department  includes  much  historical  material 
and  is  now  reorganizing  for  greatly  increased  activities,  made  possible 
by  the  recent  passage  of  a  law  in  the  state  legislature  which  levies 
a  special  tax  of  i  of  a  mill  and  thus  gives  this  department  an  income 
independent  of  that  which  supports  the  other  departments  of  the  mu- 
seum. This  income  is  now  being  used  for  the  erection  of  an  addition 
to  the  building  to  provide  space  for  this  department. 


308  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  2330;  Phanerogams,  26,083.  There  is  a 
fairly  complete  collection  of  mushrooms  of  the  Milwaukee  region. 
The  phanerogamic  herbaria  consist  of  a  Wisconsin  collection  and  ?  gen- 
eral systematic  collection.  There  is  a  small  collection  of  plant  fibers. 

EDUCATIONAL  COLLECTIONS.  The  museum  has  for  loan  to  the 
schools,  10  collections  of  mounted  lepidoptera,  each  containing  20 
specimens;  61  mounted  mammals;  696  mounted  birds;  47  collections 
of  minerals  and  rocks,  each  containing  40  specimens;  7  archeological 
collections,  each  containing  22  specimens.  There  are  1885  lantern 
slides  for  lectures  delivered  at  the  museum  to  school  children. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  5324=1=,  in  storage,  2674=1= ; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  45o±,  in  storage,  5o=b;  Dynamic  geology, 
relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  181.  The  collections  are  strong  in  coppers 
and  associated  minerals,  and  there  is  a  fair  representative  collection 
of  the  iron  ores  of  the  Michigan- Wisconsin  region  and  a  fair  synoptic 
collection  of  meteorites .  There  is  on  deposit  a  very  fine  collection 
of  coppers  and  associated  minerals  from  the  Lake  Superior  region. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  12,639=!:,  in  stor- 
age, 1710=1=,  types  and  figured  specimens,  28;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibi- 
tion, 811,  in  storage,  35±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  i;  Plants, 
on  exhibition,  244,  in  storage,  25=1=,  types  and  figured  specimens,  2. 
The  collection  includes  a  skeleton  of  Mastodon,  skulls  of  Titanotherium, 
etc.,  casts  of  skeletons  and  restorations  of  Megatherium,  Glyptodon, 
Plesiosaurus,  Ichthyosaurus,  etc. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  2o,ooo±,  in  storage,  81,539=!=; 
Insects,  on  exhibition,  777,  in  storage,  73,428,  types  and  figured  speci- 
mens, 181;  Other  invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  noo±,  in  storage, 
ii55±;  Fishes,  on  exhibition,  300,  in  storage,  509;  Batrachians,  on 
exhibition,  46,  in  storage,  170=!=;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  185,  in  stor- 
age, 962±;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  3292,  in  storage,  6311;  Mammals, 
on  exhibition,  523,  in  storage,  1449.  Other  collections  include  prep- 
arations and  series  illustrating  developmental  stages,  evolution  by 
environment,  artificial  selection,  protective  coloration  and  form, 
mimicry,  and  individual  variation ;  enlarged  models  of  insects ;  examples 
of  insect  architecture;  and  a  collection  of  Wisconsin  pearls.  Special 
attention  has  been  given  to  insects,  birds,  and  mammals.  There 
are  8  large  and  30  small  groups  of  mammals,  and  7  large  and  55  small 
groups  of  birds  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  had  its  beginning  in  1882 
in  the  acceptance  by  the  city  as  a  gift  "in  trust  to  be  kept,  supported 
and  maintained  by  said  city,  as  a  free  museum  for  the  benefit  and 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  309 

use  of  all  citizens  of  said  city"  of  the  collections  of  the  Wisconsin 
Natural  History  Society.  The  formation  of  these  collections  was 
begun  in  or  about  1857  by  the  Naturhistorischer  Verein  von  Wis- 
consin, which  was  the  earlier  name  of  the  natural  history  society. 
At  the  time  of  the  transfer  of  these  collections  to  the  city  they  con- 
sisted of  approximately  19,120  specimens  and  270  books,  maps, 
and  charts.  In  1883  purchase  was  made  by  subscription  of 'a  col- 
lection of  about  equal  importance  from  Ward's  Natural  Science 
Establishment.  These  two  collections  were  united  and  in  May, 
1884,  the  museum  was  thrown  open  to  the  public  in  rented  quarters 
in  the  exposition  building.  In  1890  the  site  of  the  present  building 
was  purchased  by  the  city  and  in  1896  the  erection  of  the  building 
for  the  accommodation  of  the  museum  and  the  public  library  was 
begun.  The  museum  was  moved  to  this  building  in  July,  1898. 
In  September,  1906,  the  Common  Council  resolved  on  the  establish- 
ment of  a.  historical  museum  as  a  department  of  the  public  museum. 
To  accommodate  this  an  addition,  covering  approximately  19,000 
square  feet  of  ground  and  consisting  of  4  stories  and  basement,  was 
built  in  1909. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  a  special  tax  of  y  of  a 
mill  on  each  dollar  of  the  assessed  valuation  of  all  taxable  property 
in  Milwaukee.  The  historical  department  receives  a  separate  tax 
of  j  of  a  mill.  Milwaukee  has  a  population  of  370,000,  and  an  as- 
sessed value  of  $232,227,790.  The  income  from  this  source  for  1909 
amounted  to  $79,620.95.  The  city  school  board  contributes  $2500  a 
year  for  lectures  to  the  school  children.  The  only  other  source  of 
income  is  occasional  gifts  for  specific  purposes. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1898  by  the  city  at  a  cost  of  $150,000 
for  the  site  and  $628,301  for  building  and  furnishings.  It  accommo- 
dates both  the  public  museum  and  the  public  library;  the  museum 
occupying  55  per  cent  of  the  building,  with  39,600  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  exhibition,  and  7600  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  The 
addition  of  1909  cost  $300,000  and  affords  51,120  square  feet  of 
exhibition  room,  19,231  for  offices,  workrooms  and  storage,  and 
11,322  for  lecture  hall  and  smaller  meeting  rooms. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  board  of  trustees  of  which  the  director 
is  the  executive  officer  and  ex-officio  secretary.  The  board  consists 
of  nine  members,  viz:  four  citizens  and  three  aldermen,  appointed 
by  the  mayor,  and  the  president  of  the  board  of  school  directors 
an$  the  superintendent  of  schools  ex-officio.  All  appointments  to 
the  staff  are  made  by  the  board  of  trustees  on  recommendation  of 
the  director. 


310  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

SCOPE.  The  primary  purpose  of  the  museum  is  the  instruction 
of  the  general  public.  In  this  connection  much  is  being  done  by  a 
system  of  illustrated  school  lectures,  of  which  there  are  three  each 
day  given  by  a  special  lecturer  to  classes  from  the  public  schools  of 
the  city.  Each  such  lecture  is  followed  with  instruction  by  a  special 
guide-lecturer  in  the  exhibition  halls.  In  this  manner  27,364  scholars 
and  teachers  heard  lectures  and  were  shown  exhibits  pertaining  to 
the  subjects  of  the  lectures  during  1909.  The  school  loan  collec- 
tions are  extensively  used  also,  there  being  during  1909,  1066  loans 
to  schools.  The  scientific  staff  carries  on  explorations  and  research, 
special  attention  being  given  to  Wisconsin.  Its  activities  in  the  field 
not  only  give  opportunity  for  systematic  research  but  enable  the 
museum  to  greatly  increase  its  collections  in  the  most  systematic 
and  connected  manner.  The  most  extended  investigations  thus  far 
carried  on  have  been  those  in  entomology.  The  staff  is  also  called 
upon  frequently  to  identify  specimens  for  the  public  and  for  other 
museums. 

LIBRARY.  The  library  consists  of  15,204  books,  pamphlets, 
and  maps,  relating  to  natural  history  and  anthropology,  intended 
for  use  of  the  staff  primarily,  but  also  open  to  the  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  (i)  Annual  Reports;  27^  issued.  (2)  Bulletin 
of  the  Public  Museum:  this  series  is  published  at  irregular  intervals 
beginning  in  1910.  (3)  Bulletin  of  the  Wisconsin  Natural  History 
Society:  the  museum  purchases  a  part  of  the  issue  of  this  publica- 
tion for  distribution  to  its  exchanges;  7  volumes  of  the  new  series 
have  been  issued. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  from  9  to  5.30,  except 
Sundays,  Thanksgiving,  Christmas,  and  New  Years,  when  the  hours 
are  1.30  to  5.  Attendance  for  1909,  514,866. 

ZOOLOGICAL  PARK. 

The  city  maintains  a  zoological  park  of  10  acres,  established  in 
1903,  containing  2  reptiles,  103  birds,  and  113  mammals. 

RACINE: 

RACINE  PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 

The  library  contains  two  collections  of  natural  history  specimens 
as  follows:  the  Blake  collection  of  minerals,  butterflies,  birds,  and 
mammals;  and  the  Dr.  Hoy  collection  of  about  600  birds  and  100 
bird  nests  found  within  a  radius  of  10  miles  of  Racine.  These  col- 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  31! 

lections  are  the  property  of  the  city  but  are  in  the  care  of  the  public 
library,  where  they  occupy  a  room  on  the  second  floor  and  are  open 
to  the  public  on  Wednesdays  and  Saturdays.  Visitors  from  out- 
of-town  are  admitted  at  any  time.  The  museum  is  used  by  teachers 
and  school  children  for  educational  purposes. 

RIPON: 

RIPON  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  in  connection  with 
its  departments  of  classics,  biology,  and  geology. 

The  archeological  collection  includes  250  Roman  coins  of  the 
most  important  reigns  of  the  empire;  50  terra  cotta  lamps  illustrat- 
ing all  the  types;  Etruscan,  Greek,  and  Roman  vases  dating  from 
750  to  about  300  B.  c.;  bronze  fibulae,  keys,  letter  stamps,  bone  stili, 
spoons,  dice,  etc.;  several  fine  specimens  of  glass  from  Greece  and 
Italy;  inscribed  amphora  handles  and  numerous  other  articles  con- 
nected with  the  daily  life  of  the  ancient  Romans;  and  several  thous- 
and carefully  selected  photographs  and  slides,  illustrating  Greek 
and  Roman  history,  geography,  and  art. 

The  mineral  collection  comprises  about  2000  specimens,  includ- 
ing the  Barber  collection;  the  New  Orleans  collection,  from  the  New 
Orleans  Exposition;  the  Armstrong  collection;  and  the  educational 
series  of  rocks  distributed  by  the  United  States  geological  survey. 

The  biological  collections  include  a  synoptic  series  of  invertebrate 
and  vertebrate  animals,  and  the  Congdon  collection  of  bird  eggs, 
obtained  chiefly  in  Wisconsin  and  Canada. 

These  collections  are  open  free  to  the  public  whenever  the  college 
is  in  session. 

ST.  FRANCIS: 

ST.    FRANCIS    SEMINARY.     Salzmann   Museum. 

The  Salzmann  Museum  is  the  property  of  St.  Francis  Seminary, 
and  is  in  charge  of  the  professor  of  natural  sciences,  Rev.  William 
Metzdorf.  The  primary  purpose  of  the  museum  is  college  teaching, 
and  the  collections  include  5000  Indian  relics;  75  skulls;  800  coins, 
including  200  old  Roman  coins;  1500  specimens  in  botany;  2000 
minerals,  including  especially  fine  agates  and  gold  ores;  200  fossils; 
and  a  zoological  collection  comprising  500  shells,  15,000  insects,  50 
other  invertebrates,  5  fishes,  2  batrachians,  12  reptiles,  250  birds 


312  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

with.  2 50  eggs  and  25  nests,  and  35  mammals.     The  museum  is  visited 
by  about  1000  persons  annually,  exclusive  of  students. 


WYOMING 

LARAMIE: 

UNIVERSITY  OF  WYOMING.     Museum. 

STAFF.  Curator,  W.  H.  Reed,  who  is  also  instructor  in  geology; 
Curator  of  the  herbarium,  Aven  Nelson;  Student  assistants,  S.  How- 
land  Knight,  Eugene  Willson. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogams,  5000;  Phanerogams,  60,000,  including 
about  400  types  and  figured  specimens. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  3000,  in  storage,  5000; 
Rocks,  in  storage,  800;  Relief  maps,  models,  etc.,  2;  Economic  col- 
lections, a  special  exhibit  of  oils,  mostly  native  to  the  state. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  3000,  in  storage, 
1000;  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  12,000,  in  storage,  1000,  types  and 
figured  specimens,  17;  Plants,  on  exhibition,  300,  types  and  figured 
specimens,  23.  Important  exhibits  include  an  eocene  camel,  several 
skulls  of  Titanotherium  and  many  limbs  and  parts  of  dinosaurs.  Of 
the  latter,  a  seventy  foot  specimen,  described  by  Marsh  as  Moro- 
saurus  grandis,  is  now  being  mounted.  Since  1895  special  attention 
has  been  paid  to  the  collection  of  mesozoic  reptiles,  field  work  having 
been  carried  on  during  every  succeeding  summer,  and  the  dinosaur 
collection  is  now  one  of  the  largest  in  America.  Among  mesozoic 
reptiles  represented  in  the  collection  ere  Morosaurus,  Brontosaurm, 
Diplodocus,  Ceratosaums,  Aleosaurus,  Laosaurus,  Camptosaurus, 
Claosaurus,  and  types  of  Ceratodus  americanus  and  robustus,  Megal- 
neusaurm  rex  (type  genus  and  species),  Cimoliosaums  laramiensis, 
and  Plesiosaurus  shirleyensis.  Among  other  type  material  is  Cyca- 
ddla,  a  new  genus  of  fossil  cycad  with  21  species. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  4000;  Insects,  5700;  Fishes,  650;  Batrachians, 
16;  Reptiles,  100;  Birds,  780  skins  representing  the  avian  fauna  of 
Wyoming;  Mammals,  42. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  originated  in  1888  and  has 
specialized  in  mesozoic  reptiles  since  1895. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  an  optional  appropriation  from  the 
state  legislature  through  the  university. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1900  at  a  cost  of  $40,000,  appropriated 
by  the  state.  Floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  3200  square  feet; 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  313 

for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.,  768.  The  building  is  four  stories  in 
height,  the  two  lower  floors  only  being  used  for  the  museum. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  president  of 
the  university. 

SCOPE.  Exploration,  research  by  the  staff,  and  university  teach- 
ing. 

LIBRARY.  150  volumes  of  reference  works  intended  for  use  of 
the  staff. 

ATTENDANCE.    About  1000  per  year. 


CANADA 

ALBERTA 

BANFF: 

ROCKY  MOUNTAINS  PARK  MUSEUM. 

COLLECTIONS.  Local  herbaria  comprising  82  cryptogams  and  719 
phanerogams;  local  geological,  geographical,  and  topographical  maps; 
182  minerals  and  125  rocks;  about  75  fossils;  4000  insects,  418  birds, 
37  mammals,  and  a  few  other  zoological  specimens;  and  ethnological 
material  from  local  Indian  tribes. 

This  museum  was  begun  in  1895  with  a  small  collection  of  miner- 
als, plants,  birds,  and  mammals,  in  a  small  wooden  building  of  bunga- 
low style.  In  a  few  years  the  collections  were  removed  to  a  combined 
museum  and  government  office  building  where  they  have  increased 
rapidly  in  extent.  The  space  occupied  for  exhibition  is  3128  square 
feet,  and  for  offices  and  workrooms,  491.  The  museum  is  in  charge 
of  N.  B.  San  son,  curator,  and  is  supported  by  grants  from  the  domin- 
ion government  which  vary  in  amount.  The  collections  are  confined 
almost  exclusively  to  local  material.  There  is  a  small  working  library. 
The  report  of  the  curator  is  included  in  that  of  the  commissioner  of 
parks.  The  museum  is  open  free  to  the  public  and  the  attendance  for 
1908  was  over  9000. 

BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

VANCOUVER: 

ART,  HISTORICAL,  AND  SCIENTIFIC  ASSOCIATION. 

This  association  was  organized  in  1894  and  undertook  the  forma- 
tion of  a  museum  and  library  devoted  to  the  natural  history  of  Canada 
and  especially  of  British  Columbia.  There  are  also  small  collections 
in  fine  arts  and  in  local  history.  The  museum  is  supported  by  a  grant 
of  $icoo  annually  from  the  city  council,  supplemented  by  membership 
fees  of  the  association,  and  is  in  charge  of  H.  J.  de  Forest,  secretary 
and  curator. 

VICTORIA: 

PROVINCIAL  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Francis  Kermode;  Assistant  curator,  Ernest  M. 
Anderson;  Assistant,  Walter  Behnsen;  i  janitor  and  attendant. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  315 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  About  2500  objects  illustrating  the  life  and  cus- 
toms of  the  rative  tribes  of  British  Columbia. 

BOTANY.  About  1000  marine  algae  and  2100  other  botanical 
specimens. 

PALEONTOLOGY.    A  series  of  about  3500  fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  5000;  Insects,  3000;  Other  invertebrates,  245; 
Fishes,  300;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  2500;  Mammals,  400;  Bird' eggs,  1200; 
Osteological  preparations,  150. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  organized  in  1886,  pri- 
marily for  the  preservation  of  local  ethnological  material,  and  has  grad- 
ually developed  into  a  general  museum. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  grant  of  about  $5500  is  made  by 
the  legislature  of  British  Columbia  for  salaries  and  miscellaneous  ex- 
penses. 

BUILDING.  The  building  is  of  stone  and  affords  about  i8,coo  square 
feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition,  in  addition  to  workshops,  storerooms, 
etc.,  in  the  basement. 

LIBRARY.  About  450  bound  books  and  over  2000  pamphlets  re- 
lated to  the  work  of  the  museum. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Catalogs  of  local  fauna  and  of  museum  collec- 
tions, six  having  been  published  since  1891. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5 
and  on  Sundays,  from  May  to  September  inclusive,  from  i  to  5.  In 
1909  the  number  of  visitors  who  signed  the  register  was  34,640;  this 
is  estimated  to  represent  about  one-third  of  the  attendance. 

NEW   BRUNSWICK 
CHATHAM: 

MIRAMICHI   NATURAL   HISTORY   ASSOCIATION.    Museum. 

STAFF.  Curators,  J.  D.  B.  F.  Mackenzie,  A.  Adams,  W.  M.  Rob- 
ertson, P.  Cox. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  A  collection  of  native  spears  and  arrowheads; 
textiles  of  Indian  manufacture;  musical  instruments  from  West  Africa ; 
kyack  from  Lapland;  native  carvings  from  Mexico,  Java,  and  South 
America;  boomerangs,  fish  spears,  and  war  spears  from  Australia; 
bows,  arrows,  and  spears  from  the  New  Hebrides;  etc. 

ASTRONOMY.  A  three-inch  telescope  used  in  occasional  lectures 
and  classes. 

BOTANY.    Cryptogams,  200;  Phanerogams,  300. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  Cottons  in  various  stages  of  manufac- 
ture. 


316  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

GEOLOGY.    200  minerals,  and  a  few  rocks,  geological  maps,  etc. 

HISTORY.    Relics  of  the  early  French  occupation. 

PALEONTOLOGY.    A  few  invertebrate,  vertebrate,  and  plant  fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  200;  Insects,  1000;  Other  invertebrates,  100; 
Fishes,  200;  Batrachians,  50;  Reptiles,  50;  Birds,  100;  Mammals,  50. 
The  insect  collections  include  life-history  groups  of  destructive  insects. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  association  was  organized  in  1897  for 
the  purpose  of  collecting  natural  history  material  in  the  four  northern 
counties  of  New  Brunswick,  and  providing  lectures  and  instruction 
for  the  general  public  and  for  school  children  and  teachers. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  Fixed  annual  appropriations  of  $200  from 
the  province  and  $50  from  the  county,  supplemented  by  membership 
dues. 

BUILDING.  The  collections  occupy  400  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  and  200  for  offices  and  workrooms,  in  a  building  erected 
by  subscription  in  1908  at  a  cost  of  $2300. 

LIBRARY.  About  300  volumes  on  natural  science  intended  for  the 
use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  association  issues  Proceedings  of  which  5 
have  been  issued  to  1910. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  Tuesday  evenings  from 
January  i  to  June  i. 

FREDERICTON: 

BOARDMAN    COLLECTION.     (Parliament    Building.) 

This  collection  was  made  by  the  late  George  A.  Boardman  and 
was  the  basis  of  "  A  catalog  of  the  birds  found  in  the  vicinity  of  Calais, 
Maine,  and  about  the  islands  of  the  Bay  of  Fundy  "  published  by  the 
Boston  Society  of  Natural  History  in  1862.  The  collection  also  includes 
skins  and  mounted  specimens  of  foreign  birds,  a  series  of  Maine  and 
New  Brunswick  bird  eggs,  a  few  casts  of  local  fishes,  etc. 

CROWN   LANDS   DEPARTMENT.     (Parliament   Building.) 

This  department  maintains  a  collection  of  the  birds  and  larger 
mammals  of  New  Brunswick. 

UNIVERSITY  OF   NEW   BRUNSWICK. 

The  university  maintains  collections,  primarily  for  teaching  pur- 
poses, in  charge  of  Philip  Cox,  curator. 

ARCHEOLOGY.    Prehistoric  implements  of  New  Brunswick  Indians. 

BOTANY.  A  number  of  herbaria  of  North  American  and  local 
phanerogams  and  cryptogams. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES 


317 


GEOLOGY.  A  general  collection  of  rocks  and  minerals,  with  a  spec- 
ial series  of  economic  minerals  from  New  Brunswick. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  In  addition  to  a  general  series  of  fossils,  there  are 
special  collections  representing  all  the  celebrated  localities  in  New 
Brunswick  and  Nova  Scotia. 

ZOOLOGY.  Collections  of  marine  invertebrates  from  the  United 
States  Fish  Commission,  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  and 
the  United  States  National  Museum;  a  conchological  collection;  about 
200  cataloged  fishes  from  the  United  States  Fish  Commission;  a  series 
of  reptiles  from  the  Boston  Society  of  Natural  History;  a  collection  of 
birds  and  bird  eggs;  and  a  small  number  of  mounted  mammals. 

ST.  JOHN: 

NATURAL  HISTORY  SOCIETY  OF  NEW  BRUNSWICK.  Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  William  Mclntosh;  Assistant,  F.  A.  Hoyt. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  1734, 
foreign,  240;  Ethnology,  native,  196,  foreign,  225.  Civilized  peoples, 
ancient,  175,  modern,  149.  A  series  of  dwelling  group  models,  one 
twenty-fourth  natural  size,  to  illustrate  Indian,  French,  and  Colonial 
periods  of  New  Brunswick  history,  is  in  preparation.  One  of  these 
representing  a  summer  dwelling  of  Malecite  Indians,  has  been  com- 
pleted . 

BOTANY.  Cryptogamic  and  phanerogamic  herbaria,  8960.  There 
is  also  a  collection  of  New  Brunswick  woods,  including  cross  and  lon- 
gitudinal sections,  photograph  of  the  tree,  map  of  distribution,  and 
descriptive  labels. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  635,  in  storage,  5420;  Rocks, 
on  exhibition,  254,  in  storage,  780.  Special  collections  include  ores  of 
the  more  common  metals,  economic  minerals,  local  collections,  and 
the  collection  of  the  first  Canadian  government  survey  made  by  Dr. 
Abraham  Gesner. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrate,  vertebrate,  and  plant  fossils,  on 
exhibition,  532,  study  collection,  3441,  in  storage,  4252,  types  and  fig- 
ured specimens,  100+  (chiefly  insects  and  trilobites). 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  on  exhibition,  1435,  in  storage,  5ooo±;  Insects, 
on  exhibition,  1248,  in  storage,  i5,ooo±;  Other  invertebrates,  on  ex- 
hibition, 3<DO±,  in  storage,  ioo±  ;  Fishes,  78;  Batrachians,  38;  Rep- 
tiles, 61;  Birds,  on  exhibition,  327,  in  storage,  154;  Mammals,  52. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Natural  History  Society  of  New  Bruns- 
wick was  organized  in  1862  and  received  as  the  nucleus  of  its  museum 
the  collections  of  the  Stienhammer  Geological  Club.  After  developing 


318  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

general  collections  the  society  underwent  a  period  of  depression  from 
which  it  emerged  in  1881  to  rerewed  activity.  The  Gesner  collection 
was  purchased  in  1889.  This  was  the  oldest  museum  in  New  Bruns- 
wick and  was  opened  to  the  public  April  5,  1842.  Its  purchase  by  the 
Natural  History  Society  was  an  important  addition  to  the  museum, 
which  has  since  shown  steady  growth.  In  1906  the  society  purchased 
its  present  building. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  From  the  general  funds  of  the  Natural  His- 
tory Society,  supplemented  by  appropriations  of  $400  annually  from 
the  province,  and  $200  annually  from  the  city.  In  IQIO  the  society 
received  a  small  bequest,  the  amount  of  which  is  not  yet  known . 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1878  at  a  cost  of  $45,000,  but  purchased  in 
1906  by  the  Natural  History  Society  for  $7000.  The  number  of  square 
feet  of  floor  space  available  for  exhibition  is  8375,  for  offices,  work- 
rooms, etc.,  4450. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  council  of  the 
Natural  History  Society. 

SCOPE.  Primarily  the  maintenance  of  local  collections  and  instruc- 
tion of  the  general  public,  supplemented  by  research  and  public  school 
work. 

LIBRARY.  11,445  volumes  on  natural  science,  intended  for  the  use 
of  staff  and  members. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Bulletin  of  the  Natural  History  Society  of  New 
Brunswick,  6  volumes  issued  from  1882-1909. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  holi- 
days, from  2  to  5.30,  and  on  Thursday  evenings  in  winter. 


NEWFOUNDLAND 

ST.  JOHN'S: 

GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY. 

The  survey  maintains  museum  collections  concerning  which  no 
information  has  been  received,  but  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  com- 
prise material  illustrating  the  archeology  and  ethnology  of  the  Indians 
of  Newfoundland;  historical  and  industrial  exhibits;  365  herbarium 
specimens  of  plants;  500  minerals;  a  collection  of  rocks;  and  a  zoolog- 
ical collection  comprising  250  native  and  500  foreign  shells,  a  few  native 
and  many  foreign  insects,  50  native  and  502  foreign  fishes,  150  native 
and  165  foreign  birds,  and  30  native  and  12  Australian  mammals. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL    SCIENCES  319 

NOVA    SCOTIA 

HALIFAX: 

DALHOUSIE   COLLEGE.     Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  D.  S.  Mclntosh. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  2  50  specimens  illustrating  the  stone  age  in  North 
America,  and  38  specimens  of  foreign  archeology. 

BOTANY.    Cryptogams,  3oo±;  Phanerogams,  128. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  i5o±,  in  storage,  3Oo±. 
There  is  also  a  series  of  Nova  Scotia  rocks  and  iron  ores. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  i6oo±;  Vertebrates,  10;  Plants, 
100.  These  collections  are  at  present  in  storage. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  20;  Insects,  7;  Other  invertebrates,  20;  Fishes, 
10;  Batrachians,  10;  Reptiles,  5;  Birds,  193;  Mammals,  18.  These 
collections  are  at  present  in  storage.  The  most  notable  specimens  are 
a  pair  of  Labrador  ducks. 

This  museum  consists  chiefly  of  the  McCulloch,  Patterson,  and 
Honeyman  collections,  and  is  used  for  college  teaching.  It  is  housed 
in  the  college  building  and  is  supported  by  a  small  endowment,  sup- 
plemented by  special  grants  from  the  college.  The  curator  is  respon- 
sible to  the  senate  of  the  college. 

PROVINCIAL  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.    Curator,  Harry  Piers;  i  messenger. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  886; 
Ethnology,  native,  30,  foreign,  iooo±.  Civilized  peoples,  ancient,  70. 

ART.  Sculpture,  10;  Prints  and  engravings,  6;  Oil  paintings,  7; 
Water  colors  and  chalk,  9;  Ceramics,  118. 

BOTANY.  Plants,  Nova  Scotia,  2931,  foreign,  1272.  The  local  col- 
lections also  include  99  water-color  paintings  of  wild  flowers,  54  fruits, 
62  specimens  of  wood  and  55  of  grain,  with  a  reference  collection  of  100 
economic  seeds  of  Canada. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  1 50  specimens  illustrating  local  manu- 
facturing processes. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  Nova  Scotia,  3453,  foreign,  1936;  Rocks, 
Nova  Scotia,  1850,  foreign,  477.  Material  of  special  interest  includes 
the  type  specimen  of  Louisite;  a  good  collection  of  zeolites,  etc.,  from 
the  trap  of  the  Bay  of  Fundy;  and  economic  minerals  of  Nova  Scotia. 

HISTORY.  Miscellaneous  historical  relics,  Nova  Scotia,  125,  for- 
eign, 144. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  Nova  Scotia,  237,  foreign,  493, 
types  and  figured  specimens,  9;  Vertebrates,  Nova  Scotia,  37,  foreign, 


320  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN    MUSEUMS 

60,    types   and    figured    specimens,  4;    Plants,    Nova    Scotia,   507, 
foreign,  6. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  Nova  Scotia,  200,  foreign,  925;  Insects,  Nova 
Scotia,  1626,  foreign,  90;  Other  invertebrates,  Nova  Scotia,  300,  for- 
eign ,  250,  types,  i  (Sthenoteuthis  megaptera)',  Fishes,  Nova  Scotia,  260, 
foreign,  50,  figured,  2;  Batrachians,  Nova  Scotia,  50,  foreign,  15;  Rep- 
tiles, Nova  Scotia,  25,  foreign,  50;  Birds,  Nova  Scotia,  403,  foreign,  50, 
figured,  5 ;  Mammals,  Nova  Scotia,  180,  foreign,  24.  Material  of  spec- 
ial interest  includes  a  specimen  of  Cer alias  holbolli  Kroyer,  a  very  rare 
deep-sea  fish  of  which  only  four  specimens  are  known. 

OTHER  DEPARTMENTS.  Naval  architecture,  8 ;  Numismatics,  Nova 
Scotia,  101,  foreign,  1305. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  founding  of  the  museum  was  first  pro- 
posed in  1862  but  was  not  actually  accomplished  until  1868,  when  a 
room  was  set  apart  for  this  purpose  in  the  government  building.  The 
collections  of  the  defunct  Mechanics  Institute  formed  the  nucleus  of 
the  museum,  to  which  was  added  material  purchased  from  Nova  Sco- 
tia exhibitors  at  the  Paris  exhibition.  In  1899  the  museum  was  re- 
moved to  a  new  building  and  the  Provincial  Science  Library  was  or- 
ganized and  pJacec  in  charge  of  the  curator  of  the  museum.  In  1909 
the  museum  and  library  were  removed  to  the  new  building  of  the  Nova 
Scotia  Technical  College,  where  they  occupy  the  entire  western 
wing. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  A  fixed  yearly  grant  of  $2600  from  the  Nova 
Scotia  government. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  2856  square  feet  of  floor  space 
for  exhibition,  158  for  office  and  workroom,  1920  for  library  stack- 
room,  and  176  for  reading  room,  in  the  government's  technical  college, 
which  was  erected  in  1908-9  at  a  total  cost  of  $150,000. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  department  of 
public  works  and  mines  of  Nova  Scotia. 

SCOPE.  Exploration,  research,  college  teaching,  instruction  of  the 
general  public,  maintenance  of  local  collections,  preparation  of  min- 
eral exhibits  for  ]ocal  and  foreign  exhibitions,  and  the  furnishing  of 
information  on  the  resources  of  Nova  Scotia. 

LIBRARY.  36,784  books  and  pamphlets  on  pure  and  applied  science, 
intended  for  the  use  of  both  staff  and  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Three  administrative  reports  and  a  number  of 
descriptive  catalogs  have  been  published  by  the  museum.  Papers  relat- 
ing to  the  museum  have  also  been  published  in  other  journals. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES 


321 


NEW  GLASGOW: 
HIGH  SCHOOL. 

The  principal  reports  that  the  school  maintains  a  small  museum. 

TRURO: 

COUNTY  ACADEMY. 

The  principal  reports  that  the  academy  maintains  a  museum  of 
natural  history,  but  has  not  replied  to  repeated  requests  for  further 
ir  formation. 

NORMAL  COLLEGE. 

The  school  has  developed  a  series  of  museum  collections,  largely 
through  the  activity  of  students  during  the  last  four  years.  The  col- 
lections include  textiles,  economic  plants,  articles  of  commerce  and 
industry,  samples  of  school  work,  economic  minerals,  historical  relics, 
and  other  material  from  the  province. 

WINDSOR: 

KING'S    COLLEGE.     Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  Canon  Vroom. 

BOTANY.  The  Cogswell  herbarium  of  cryptogams  and  phanero- 
gams of  Great  Britain;  the  Gossip  herbarium  of  Scottish  plants;  the 
Willis  herbarium  of  Nova  Scotia  algae  and  terrestrial  plants;  the 
Strange  herbarium  of  East  Indian  plants,  presented  in  1805;  the  Ball 
herbarium  of  250  species  of  Nova  Scotia  plants.  There  are  also  a  few 
specimens  of  wood,  bark,  leaves,  and  fruits. 

GEOLOGY  AND  PALEONTOLOGY.  The  Almon  collection  of  minerals, 
rocks,  etc.,  chiefly  from  Scotland;  the  Governor's  collection  of  coal 
fossils,  obtained  in  1860  at  the  Sydney  Mines;  the  Alumni  collection  of 
Nova  Scotia  fossils;  an  Australian  collection  of  fossils;  a  collection  of 
British  fossils;  a  collection  of  European  crystalline  and  sedimentary 
rocks;  and  miscellaneous  collections. 

NUMISMATICS.  A  series  of  coins  representing  ancient  Rome  and 
most  countries  of  the  modern  world. 

ZOOLOGY.  The  Willis  collection  of  Nova  Scotia  mollusca;  a  col- 
lection of  foreign  shells;  and  a  small  number  of  other  zoological  speci- 
mens. 

WOLFVILLE: 

ACADIA  UNIVERSITY. 

The  university  maintains  a  museum,  in  charge  of  Ernest  Haycock, 
curator,  comprising  500  Canadian  minerals;  300  rocks  from  Vancouver 


322  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

Island;  500  minerals  and  rocks  from  Nova  Scotia,  chiefly  from  Kings 
County;  500  typical  fossils,  largely  from  European  localities;  and  a 
miscellaneous  collection  of  material  of  some  ethnological  and  histori- 
cal value. 

ONTARIO 
COLLINGWOOD: 

HURON  INSTITUTE. 

The  institute  maintains  a  museum,  established  in  1904,  in  charge 
of  James  Morris,  curator.  The  collections  comprise  4000  Indian  relics, 
local  pictures,  maps  and  historical  documents,  minerals,  and  botanical 
specimens.  The  museum  is  housed  in  the  public  library  building  and 
receives  a  grant  of  $100  annually  from  the  provincial  government. 
One  volume  of  Papers  and  Records  was  published  in  1909.  The  mu- 
seum is  open  free  to  the  public  but  there  are  no  stated  hours. 

GUELPH: 

ONTARIO  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  the  college  collections, 
which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  a  series  of  rock-forming  minerals, 
and  a  collection  of  the  characteristic  fossils  found  in  the  geologic  sys- 
tems represented  in  Canada. 

HAMILTON: 

HAMILTON  SCIENTIFIC  ASSOCIATION. 

No  reply  has  been  received  to  requests  for  information  regarding 
this  association,  which  is  said  by  Merrill  to  have  some  interesting  local 
fossils. 

KINGSTON: 

KINGSTON  SCHOOL  OF  MINING. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  the  museum  main- 
tained by  this  school,  which  is  said  by  Merrill  to  include  10,000  min- 
erals; about  4000  specimens  of  historical  geology  and  lithology;  and  a 
collection  of  Canadian  fossils. 

QUEEN'S  UNIVERSITY.     Museum. 

STAFF.  Curators,  A.  P.  Knight,  who  is  also  professor  of  animal 
biology,  and  W.  T.  MacClement,  who  is  also  professor  of  botany. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  The  large  Thomson  collection  of  the  weapons, 
utensils,  dress,  and  ornaments  of  the  aborigines  of  Queensland,  New 
Guinea,  Fiji,  and  the  New  Hebrides;  and  a  small  collection  represent- 
ing the  art  and  manufacture  of  Formosa  and  Central  India. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES 


323 


BOTANY.  The  Fowler  herbarium,  comprising  about  30,000 
mounted  specimens  of  the  plants  of  North  America,  Europe,  Asia, 
South  Africa,  and  Australia. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  3ooo±;  Insects,  a  small  collection;  Fishes,  60; 
Reptiles,  a  small  collection ;  Birds,  200;  Mammals,  36.  The  birds  and 
mammals  are  exclusively  from  Canada. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  direct  grant  from  the  trustees  of  the  uni- 
versity. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  about  2500  square  feet  of  floor 
space  in  the  administration  building. 

SCOPE.    University  instruction. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  every  forenoon  except 
Sunday. 

LONDON: 

LONDON  AND  MIDDLESEX  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  society  has  a  small  historical  collection  kept  at  present  in  a 
room  in  the  public  library  building. 

OTTAWA: 

GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY  OF  CANADA.    Museum. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogamic  and  phanerogamic  herbaria,  including 
over  500  types  and  co-types;  and  a  collection  of  Canadian  woods. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  on  exhibition,  4100+,  in  storage,  3000+; 
Rocks,  on  exhibition,  1300.  All  specimens  on  exhibition  are  Canadian, 
special  attention  being  given  to  material  of  economic  importance. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Vertebrates,  on  exhibition,  200  species,  types, 
64+ ,  types  in  plaster,  24,  figured  specimens,  140+.  There  are  also 
bromide  enlargements  of  photographs  of  mounted  skeletons  of  18  spe- 
cies of  vertebrates,  and  of  restorations  of  14  species. 

ZOOLOGY.  In  addition  to  representative  specimens  of  the  birds  and 
mammals  of  Canada  there  is  on  exhibition  a  series  of  85  species  of 
recent  marine  sponges,  including  44+  types  and  46+  specimens. 
These  sponges  are  from  the  Atlantic,  Pacific,  and  Arctic  coasts  of 
Canada,  and  from  the  coasts  of  Greenland  and  Alaska. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  dates  from  the  founding  of  the 
geological  survey  of  Canada  in  1843.  In  1880  the  survey  and  the 
museum  were  removed  to  the  present  quarters  in  Ottawa. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  From  funds  voted  by  parliament  for  the 
maintenance  of  the  geological  survey. 


324  DIRECTORY    OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

BUILDING.  The  present  building  has  been  occupied  by  the  mu  seum 
since  1880  and  has  long  been  inadequate  to  its  needs.  The  new  Vic- 
toria Memorial  Museum  is  now  almost  completed  and  will  house  the 
collections  in  the  near  future. 

ADMINISTRATION.  The  museum  is  maintained  as  an  adjunct  of  the 
geological  survey,  under  the  department  of  mines. 

LIBRARY.  17,000  volumes  on  natural  science,  intended  primarily 
for  use  of  the  staff. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  museum  issues  no  publications,  but  its  col- 
lections have  been  described  in  the  publications  of  the  survey  and  in 
other  journals. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except  Christ- 
mas, from  10  to  4. 

PERTH: 

PERTH  COLLEGIATE  INSTITUTE. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  the  collections  of  the 
institute,  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  comprise  a  herbarium  of  300 
flowering  plants  of  eastern  Ontario ;  400  minerals  and  800  rocks ;  and  a 
few  fossils. 

ST.  THOMAS: 

ELGIN  HISTORICAL  AND   SCIENTIFIC  INSTITUTE. 

The  institute  has  a  small  historical  and  archeological  museum. 

TORONTO 

PROVINCIAL  MUSEUM. 

STAFF.    Superintendent,  David  Boyle;  2  clerks  and  i  guardian. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  About  1000  specimens  from  the  Indian  tribes  of 
Canada  and  elsewhere,  life  masks  of  British  Columbian  and  Washington 
Indians,  miscellaneous  archeological  and  ethnological  specimens,  etc. 

ART.    No  detailed  information  received. 

BOTANY.    A  herbarium  of  500  plants  of  Ontario. 

ZOOLOGY.    400  vertebrates,  mollusks,  and  insects  of  Ontario. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  grant  from  the  provincial  gov- 
ernment. 

BUILDING.  The  collections  occupy  about  30,000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  for  exhibition. 

PUBLICATIONS,  (i)  An  archeological  report.  (2)  A  manual  of  the 
vertebrates  of  Ontario.  (3)  A  catalog  of  the  collections. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  9  to  5. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  32$ 

UNIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO.     Museum. 

STAFF.  General  curator,  Henry  Montgomery;  Curators,  R.  Ram- 
say Wright  (zoology),  A.  P.  Coleman  (geology),  T.  L.  Walker  (miner- 
alogy), W.  A.  Parks  (paleontology),  Henry  Montgomery  (American 
archeology),  C.  T.  Currelly  (oriental  archeology);  Assistant  curators, 
B.  A.  Bensley  (zoology),  J.  H.  Faull  (botany). 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Good  collections,  now  for  the  most  part  in 
storage. 

BOTANY.    Cryptogams,  i5,ooo±;  Phanerogams,  i5,ooo±. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  i7,ooo±;  Rocks,  43oo±.  These  collections 
are  for  the  most  part  systematic;  some  are  synoptic;  and  some  repre- 
sent the  minerals  and  rocks  of  Ontario.  There  is  also  a  series  illustrat- 
ing the  economic  geology,  especially  of  Canada. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Invertebrates,  on  exhibition,  u,coo,  in  storage, 
90oo±,  types  and  figured  specimens,  348;  Vertebrates  and  plants, 
small  collections.  This  department  includes  a  teaching  collection, 
comprising  500  species  of  invertebrates  and  178  maps  and  charts. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  4800;  Insects,  8500;  Other  invertebrates,  2000; 
Fishes,  on  exhibition,  170,  in  storage,  200;  Batrachians,  ice,  in  storage, 
500;  Reptiles,  on  exhibition,  180,  in  storage,  2000;  Birds,  3500;  Mam- 
mals, 300.  There  is  also  an  insect  collection  of  170  specimens  illus- 
trating mimicry,  and  a  collection  of  500  bird  eggs  and  nests. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  older  collections  of  the  university  were 
housed  in  the  main  building  and  suffered  seriously  by  fire  in  1890. 
Since  then  collections  have  been  gathered  in  several  buildings  and  it  is 
proposed  to  unite  these  upon  completion  of  the  new  museum  building. 
The  museum  of  Victoria  College  is  now  in  storage  awaiting  removal  to 
the  new  general  museum,  of  which  it  will  form  a  part. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  From  the  general  funds  of  the  university 
and  province. 

BUILDING.  A  building  intended  to  house  all  the  museums  of  the 
university,  except  certain  teaching  collections,  is  in  course  of  erection 
in  1910. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  general  curator,  responsible  to  the  presi- 
dent of  the  university. 

QUEBEC 

LAUZON: 

COLLEGE  ST.  JOSEPH  DE  LEVIS. 

The  college  maintains  a  collection  of  several  hundred  birds  and 
mammals,  a  series  of  shells,  minerals,  insects,  and  other  scientific  ob- 
jects, in  charge  of  J.  R.  Coulombe. 


326  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

LONGUEUIL: 

LONGUEUIL  COLLEGE. 

The  college  maintains  a  general  museum  in  charge  of  Brother  Vic- 
torin.  The  collections  comprise  a  herbarium  of  2000  phanerogams  and 
300  cryptogams;  300  minerals;  and  a  zoological  collection  including 
200  shells,  800  insects,  20  fishes,  30  reptiles,  200  birds,  50  mammals, 
and  200  bird  eggs. 

MONTREAL: 

McGILL  UNIVERSITY.     Anatomical  Museum. 

The  museum  of  anatomy  was  completely  destroyed  by  fire  in  1907 
and  is  now  being  re-formed  as  a  teaching  collection.  It  is  in  charge  of 
F.  J.  Shepherd,  director. 

McGILL  UNIVERSITY.    Museum  of  Hygiene. 

This  museum  has  been  established  from  the  income  of  an  endow- 
ment provided  in  1893,  and  is  in  charge  of  T.  A.  Starkey,  director.  It 
includes  exhibits  relating  to  disinfection,  lighting  and  heating,  water, 
buildings,  soil,  air,  drainage  and  refuse  disposal,  food  stuff  sand  cloth- 
ing, vital  statistics,  and  bacteriology  and  pathology  in  relation  to  pub- 
lic health.  There  is  also  a  collection  of  over  1000  lantern  slides.  A  com- 
plete descriptive  catalog  has  been  published. 

McGILL  UNIVERSITY.    Pathological  Museum. 

Since  the  organization  of  the  medical  faculty,  this  museum  has 
been  an  object  of  special  attention,  and  for  the  past  fifty  years  material 
has  been  systematically  gathered  from  the  Montreal  General  Hospital 
and  other  sources.  Serious  damage  was  done  by  the  fire  of  1907,  and 
this  is  being  repaired  as  rapidly  as  possible.  The  museum  staff  con- 
sists of  J.  G.  Adami,  director;  Maude  E.  Abbott,  curator;  and  E.  L. 
Judah,  preparator  and  osteologist. 

McGILL  UNIVERSITY.     Peter  Redpath  Museum. 

STAFF.    Curator,  D.  P.  Penhallow,  and  an  assistant  curator. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeological  and  ethnological  collections  from 
the  Queen  Charlotte  Islands,  from  Egypt,  and  from  South  Equatorial 
West  Africa. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  comprising  50,000  Canadian  and  exotic 
plants,  and  collections  illustrating  structural  and  economic  botany. 

GEOLOGY.  General  and  economic  collections  of  minerals  and  rocks, 
supplemented  by  casts  and  models. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Synoptic  series  of  fossils  arranged  both  in  the 
order  of  the  geological  system  and  in  systematic  order. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  327 

ZOOLOGY.  Synoptic  series  of  invertebrate  and  vertebrate  animals. 
Among  special  collections,  the  Phillip  Carpenter  collection  of  shells  is 
especially  noteworthy. 

NATURAL  HISTORY  SOCIETY  OF  MONTREAL. 

No  information  has  been  received  concerning  the  collections  of  this 
society,  which  are  said  by  Merrill  to  include  a  general  collection  of  fos- 
sils and  the  C.  U.  Shepard  collection  of  4000  minerals. 

NUMISMATIC     AND     ANTIQUARIAN     SOCIETY.        Museum. 
(Chateau  de  Ramezay.) 

STAFF.    Honorary  curator,  R.  W.  M'Lachlan. 

COLLECTIONS.  Indian  antiquities,  167  +  ;  Historical  portraits, 
views,  maps,  etc.,  35o±;  Historical  relics,  2i7±;  Coats  of  arms,  218; 
Medals  3oo±;  Documents,  41;  Ceramics,  51;  Furniture,  75±.  Special 
exhibits  include  a  room  restored  in  the  style  of  Louis  XIV,  and  a  Hab- 
itant room  with  appropriate  furnishings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  society  was  founded  in  1862  as  the 
Numismatic  Society  of  Montreal;  in  1866  the  name  was  changed  to 
the  Numismatic  and  Antiquarian  Society  of  Montreal;  in  1870  'the 
society  was  incorporated.  The  museum  was  organized  by  the  society 
as  a  part  of  the  celebration  of  the  25oth  anniversary  of  the  founding 
of  Montreal. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  grant  of  $400  from  the  Quebec 
legislature,  supplemented  by  members'  subscriptions,  sale  of  catalogs, 
and  donations. 

BUILDING.  The  Chateau  de  Ramezay  was  erected  in  1705  by 
Claude  de  Ramezay,  eleventh  governor  of  Montreal;  was  sold  by  his 
family  to  the  Compagnie  des  Indes  in  1745 ;  bought  in  1763  by  William 
Grant  and  sold  to  the  English  government  for  two  thousand  guineas; 
used  as  the  residence  of  the  governors  till  1849;  after  which  it  served 
various  purposes  till  1894  when  it  was  purchased  by  the  city  of  Mon- 
treal; in  1895  it  was  obtained  by  the  Numismatic  and  Antiquarian 
Society  for  the  purpose  of  founding  a  historical  portrait  gallery  and 
museum.  The  building  proper  is  150  feet  in  length  and  the  portrait 
gallery  is  50  x  20  feet. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days  from  10  to  6. 
The  number  of  visitors  is  about  100,000  annually. 


328  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

QUEBEC: 

LAVAL  UNIVERSITY. 

STAFF.  The  collections  are  in  charge  of  the  professors  of  the  cor- 
responding departments  of  the  university.  Professor  J.  C.  K.  La- 
flamme  is  in  charge  of  geology,  botany,  mineralogy,  and  zoology. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Two  large  collections  of  Indian  relics;  a  few 
specimens  from  the  United  States  and  the  Pacific  Islands;  small  col- 
lections of  Egyptian,  Chinese,  and  Japanese  objects. 

ART.  A  very  rich  collection  of  old  engravings  and  perhaps  the  best 
private  collection  of  old  paintings  in  America. 

BOTANY.  A  complete  collection  of  Canadian  plants,  especially 
phanerogams;  collections  of  Canadian  woods  of  commercial  value;  a 
remarkable  collection  of  commercial  woods  offered  for  sale  in  the  mar- 
kets of  England;  woods  of  New  Zealand  and  France ;  and  a  collection  of 
artificial  fruits  and  vegetables.  The  university  herbarium  contains 
more  than  10,000  specimens. 

GEOLOGY.  An  almost  complete  collection  of  Canadian  minerals 
and  rocks,  with  additional  collections  from  all  parts  of  the  world. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Extensive  collections  of  Canadian  invertebrates, 
including  many  casts,  especially  of  fossils  found  at  Pikermi. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  950  species ;  Insects,  14,000  species ;  Other  inver- 
tebrates, many  corals,  sponges,  etc.;  Fishes,  several  hundred;  Bat- 
rachians,  ioo±;  Reptiles,  i5o±;  Birds,  600  species,  1200  specimens; 
Mammals,  300. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  has  had  a  gradual  growth  for 
about  75  years.  It  has  received  its  collections  from  private  gifts  and 
purchases  by  the  Seminary  of  Quebec,  which  was  founded  by  Laval 
University. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  Quebec  Seminary,  a  department  of 
Laval  University.  A  small  additional  sum  is  received  from  admission 
fees. 

BUILDING.  The  building  was  erected  in  1852  by  the  Quebec  Sem- 
inary at  a  cost  of  1,000,000  francs,  and  affords  50,000  square  feet  of 
floor  space  available  for  exhibition,  and  5000  for  offices,  workrooms, 
etc. 

ADMINISTRATION.    By  the  authorities  of  Laval  University. 

SCOPE.  Primarily,  college  teaching;  secondarily,  public  school 
work  and  instruction  of  the  general  public. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  museum  has  no  regular  publications,  but  a 
detailed  description  of  the  collections  is  published  in  the  annual  cata- 
log of  Laval  University. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  329 

MUSEUM  OF  PUBLIC  INSTRUCTION. 

STAFF.  Curator,  Victor  A.  Huard;  Assistant  curator,  Arthur 
Thiboutot. 

BOTANY.  3000+  species  from  Canada,  United  States,  Europe, 
and  Australia;  ioo±  specimens  of  wood  from  Canada. 

EDUCATION.  95  Deyrolle's  tableaux  on  natural  history  and  indus- 
try. 

GEOLOGY.    Minerals,  5oo±. 

NUMISMATICS.  A  collection  of  2727  coins  and  medals  from  all 
countries,  including  773  from  Canada  and  520  from  the  United  States. 

PALEONTOLOGY.    2oo±  fossils. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  3000  species;  Insects,  large  collections;  Other 
invertebrates,  fishes,  batrachians,  and  reptiles,  small  collections;  Birds, 
25<D±  species;  Mammals,  50  species,  105  specimens,  including  nearly 
every  species  of  mammal  from  the  province  of  Quebec;  Bird  eggs,  30 
species.  The  insect  collection  includes  two  collections  of  Canadian 
insects  made  by  Abbe  Provancher,  with  more  than  200  types  of  new 
species;  also  580  species,  2300  specimens,  of  Canadian  lepidoptera 
collected  and  named  by  Rev.  T.  W.  Fyles. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  Museum  of  Public  Instruction  origin- 
ated in  1880  in  collections  accumulated  by  D.  N.  Saint  Cyr.  It  was 
first  located  in  the  old  legislative  palace  and  in  1886  the  founder  was 
appointed  curator,  the  museum  having  been  up  to  that  time  largely 
his  private  collection.  In  1889  the  museum  was  moved  to  the  new 
government  palace  where  it  now  is.  Dr.  Leonidas  Larne  served  as  the 
second  curator  from  1889  to  1904.  The  present  curator  was  first  called 
to  the  museum  in  1902  for  special  work  and  was  appointed  curator  in 
1904. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  receives  a  regular  appropria- 
tion of  $600  from  the  legislative  assembly  and  council  of  the  province 
of  Quebec. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  about  5000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  for  exhibition,  and  1000  for  offices  in  the  Provincial  Government 
building. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  superintendent 
of  public  instruction. 

SCOPE.  The  primary  object  of  the  museum  is  the  accumulation  of 
local  collections  representing  the  province  of  Quebec  and  their  utili- 
zation for  the  instruction  of  the  general  public. 

LIBRARY.  250  volumes  and  100  pamphlets  relating  to  natural  his- 
tory and  numismatics,  intended  for  the  use  of  the  staff. 


330  DIRECTORY   OF    AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  first  curator  made  three  reports  to  the  gov- 
ernment from  1886  to  1890,  which  were  published  as  official  papers  and 
contained  reports  of  travels  in  Labrador  and  other  parts  of  the  prov- 
ince; studies  on  Cetacea  and  Pinnipedia  of  the  lower  St.  Lawrence 
River;  and  catalogs  of  plants,  minerals,  mammals,  birds,  and  eggs  of 
the  museum.  The  present  curator  made  a  report  in  1910  on  the 
progress  of  the  museum  from  1893  to  June  30,  1909. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  week-days,  except 
Saturday  afternoon  and  holidays,  from  10  to  4. 

SAINT-LAURENT: 

COLLEGE   SAINT-LAURENT.    Musee  Carrier. 

STAFF.    Curator,  Phileas  Vanier;  Assistant  curator,  F.  J.  Donat. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Uncivilized  peoples:  Archeology,  native,  344, 
foreign,  987;  Ethnology,  native,  143.  Civilized  peoples,  ancient,  933, 
modern,  583. 

ART.  Objects,  in  marble,  118,  in  bronze  and  copper,  258;  in  plas- 
ter, 455,  in  terra  cotta  and  majolica,  37;  Prints  and  engravings,  980; 
Oil  paintings  and  water  colors,  15;  Religious  paintings,  780. 

BOTANY.  Cryptogamic  and  phanerogamic  herbaria,  5161  species; 
Fruits,  480;  Gums  and  resins,  32;  Medicinal  plants,  122;  Canadian 
woods,  89;  Thin  sections  of  United  States  woods,  45;  Leaves,  458. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals  and  rocks,  on  exhibition,  3425;  Minerals,  in 
storage,  2622;  Rocks,  in  storage,  1278. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Fossils,  Canadian,  394  species,  foreign,  495 
species. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  8792  specimens,  representing  2920  species; 
Insects,  12,769  specimens,  representing  5111  species;  Other  inverte- 
brates, 305  specimens,  representing  113  species;  Fishes,  46;  Batrachi- 
ans,  5;  Reptiles,  56;  Birds,  715;  Mammals,  513;  Bird  eggs,  806. 

OTHER  COLLECTIONS.  Coins  and  tokens,  9739 ;  Medals  and  medal- 
lions, 5117;  Postage  and  revenue  stamps,  8917;  Incunabula,  40. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  founded  by  Rev.  Joseph 
C.  Carrier,  who  also  served  as  curator  until  his  death  in  1904. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    From  the  general  funds  of  the  college. 

BUILDING.  Erected  in  1896  at  a  cost  of  $15,000,  defrayed  by  friends 
of  the  college. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  curator,  responsible  to  the  superior  of  the 
college. 

SCOPE.    Primarily  school  and  college  teaching. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  331 

PUBLICATIONS.  26  Bulletins  of  the  Library  and  Museum  have 
been  issued,  either  separately  or  as  a  part  of  the  college  catalog. 

CONVENT  DES  SOEURS    DE  SAINT-CROIX. 

Teaching  collections  are  maintained  in  charge  of  Sister  Marie  de 
Sainte-Amelie.  They  comprise  a  herbarium  of  600  cryptogams  and 
4400  phanerogams,  with  a  collection  of  100  fruits;  1400  min'erals  and 
rocks;  350  fossils;  2400  coins  and  1300  medals;  and  a  zoological  collec- 
tion including  1325  shells,  850  insects,  72  other  invertebrates,  15  fishes, 
lobatrachians,  25  reptiles,  306  birds,  and  40  mammals.  These  col- 
lections occupy  1575  square  feet  of  floor  space  in  a  building  erected  in 
1889. 

SHERBROOKE: 

ST.    CHARLES    SEMINARY.     Museum. 

STAFF.    Caretaker,  Leon  Marcotte. 

MINERALOGY.    A  few  hundred  specimens  of  minerals  and  rocks. 

NUMISMATICS.    Over  2000  coins,  medals,  etc. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  a  few  hundred;  Insects,  3000  species,  principally 
coleoptera  and  lepidoptera;  Birds,  150;  Mammals,  40. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  By  small  annual  grants  from  the  seminary, 
. supplemented  by  private  contributions. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  occupies  over  4000  square  feet  of  floor 
space  in  the  fireproof  building  in  the  seminary. 

SCOPE.  Special  attention  is  devoted  to  the  natural  history  of  the 
eastern  townships  of  Quebec  and  to  instruction  of  students  in  the 
seminary. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public.  The  attendance  in  1909 
was  over  700. 

VILLE  ST.  LOUIS: 

MUSEE  DE  L'INSTITUTION  DES  SOURDS-MUETS.     (1941  Rue 
St.  Dominique.) 

This  institution  maintains  a  museum  of  objects  useful  in  teaching 
language  to  deaf-mutes.  The  museum  was  formally  organized  in  1885 
and  is  in  charge  of  J.  A.  Jean,  conservateur,  assisted  by  other  members 
of  the  faculty,  none  of  whom  receive  remuneration  for  museum  work. 
The  collections  comprise  a  herbarium  of  175  cryptogams  and  598 
phanerogams  from  the  province  of  Quebec;  a  numismatic  collection 
of  3737  pieces,  especially  rich  in  Canadian  coins;  a  general  collection  of 


332  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

about  5000  postage  stamps;  and  a  zoological  collection  comprising  9 75 
shells,  i4,ooo±  insects  on  exhibition  and  5000  in  storage,  23  fishes,  528 
birds,  and  52  mammals.  With  the  exception  of  the  mollusca,  the 
zoological  collection  is  composed  almost  exclusively  of  local  specimens. 
The  museum  occupies  1800  square  feet  of  floor  space  for  exhibition, 
and  600  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.,  in  a  building  erected  in  1895  at  a 
cost  of  $10,000. 


BERMUDA 
HAMILTON: 

BERMUDA    NATURAL    HISTORY    SOCIETY.     Museum     and 
Aquarium. 

The  society  maintains  a  museum  of  local  natural  history  in  Queen 
Street,  Hamil  ton,  in  charge  of  Louis  L.Mowbray,  curator,  and  i  assist- 
ant. The  society  also  leases  from  the  British  government  the  whole 
of  Agar's  Island,  with  its  buildings,  and  has  converted  the  powder 
magazine  into  a  public  aquarium,  in  charge  of  Louis  L.  Mowbray,  super- 
intendent, and  i  assistant.  An  admission  fee  of  i  shilling  is  charged. 
The  income  of  the  society  for  the  support  of  these  institutions  is  de- 
rived from  membership  fees,  admission  fees  to  the  aquarium,  and 
private  subscriptions. 

The  Bermuda  Natural  History  Society  also  furnishes  to  the  Ber- 
muda Biological  Station  for  Research,  free  of  expense,  the  use  of  the 
barracks,  which  have  been  converted  into  a  laboratory  provided  with 
running  sea  water  and  the  usual  equipment  for  such  purposes. 


MEXICO 

GAMPEGHE 

CAMPECHE: 

INSTITUTO  CAMPEGHANO. 

The  institute  has  a  quantity  of  archeological  material  founded  by 
a  former  director,  Patricio  Trueba,  without  classification  or  arrange- 
ment. 

FEDERAL  DISTRICT 

TACUBAYA: 

COMISION  EXPLORADORA  DE  LA  FAUNA  Y  FLORA  NAGION- 
ALES. 

This  commission  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of  Fernando  Fer- 
rari Perez,  engineer  and  chief  of  the  commission,  who  is  responsible 
to  the  Department  of  Improvement. 

MEXICO 

MEXICO: 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL  DE  ARQUEOLOGIA  Y  HISTORIA. 

STAFF.  Director  en  mision,  Francisco  del  Paso  y  Troncoso; 
Director  efectivo,  Genaro  Garcia;  Secretary,  Nemesio  Garcia  Naranjo; 
Professors,  Genaro  Garcia  (history),  Ramon  Mena  (archeology), 
Andres  Molina  Enriquez  (ethnology),  Mariano  J.  Rojas  (Mexican 
language);  Assistants,  Manuel  Gamio  (history),  Isabel  Ramirez  Cas- 
tarieda  (archeology);  Temporary  assistant,  Agustin  Agueros  (eth- 
nology); In  charge  of  industrial  art,  Antonio  Cortes;  In  charge  of 
publications,  Ignacio  B.  del  Castillo;  Librarian,  Jose  Gener  Ortiz;  3 
clerks,  2  artists,  i  photographer,  i  modeler,  3  assistants  in  the  depart- 
ment <Jf  publication,  i  manager  of  the  press  department  with  2  helpers, 
and  i  chief  of  the  photogravure  department  with  2  helpers. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  the  collections  of  this 
museum  which  was  founded  in  1831. 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL  DE  ARTILLERIA. 

The  object  of  this  museum  is  the  acquisition  and  preservation  of 
historical  relics  relating  to  the  military  service,  including  weapons  of 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  335 

all  kinds  and  nationalities,  ordnance  and  supplies,  projectiles,  cartridges 
and  fuses,  and  especially  such  objects  as  are  connected  with  the  mili- 
tary history  of  the  republic.  These  collections  are  in  charge  of  brevet- 
captain  of  artillery,  Luis  G.  Nunez,  who  is  responsible  directly  to  the 
director  of  the  national  armory.  The  authentication  of  specimens  is 
in  the  hands  of  a  commission  appointed  for  this  purpose,  and  divided 
into  sub-commissions  on  flags,  ordnance  and  supplies,  portable  arms, 
and  sundry  objects.  The  museum  is  open  to  the  public  on  week-days, 
except  holidays,  from  8  to  12  and  3  to  6. 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL  DE  HISTORIA  NATURAL. 

STAFF.  Director,  Jesus  Sanchez;  Professors,  Gabriel  Alcocer 
(natural  history),  Manuel  Urbina  (botany),  George  Engerrand  and 
Jesus  Sanchez  (zoology),  Manuel  M.  Villada  (mineralogy,  geology, 
and  paleontology),  i  collector  and  preparator  in  zoology  and  i  janitor. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  the  collections  of  this 
museum. 

MUSEO  TEGNOLOGIGO  INDUSTRIAL. 

This  museum  is  in  charge  of  Albino  R.  Nuncio,  chief  of  the  second 
section  of  the  Department  of  Fomento  (Public  Promotion),  Coloni- 
zation, and  Industry.  The  rules  provide  for  a  curator  and  a  servant 
in  addition.  The  purpose  of  the  museum  is  to  make  collections  of 
mineral,  vegetable,  and  animal  raw  materials  produced  in  the  country, 
together  with  full  information  regarding  the  articles  manufactured 
from  these  materials;  local  and  foreign  markets;  transportation  lines 
and  rates ;  an  d  a  technological  library.  A  bureau  of  in  formation  is  also 
maintained. 

SECRETARIA  DE  HACIENDA  Y  CREDITO  PUBLIGO. 

This  department  maintains  a  museum  of  a  technical  character  in  the 
custom  house  in  charge  of  Manuel  Mufloz,  chief  of  the  department. 

MIGHOAGAN 

MORELIA: 

COLEGIO  DE  SAN  NICOLAS  DE  HIDALGO. 

STAFF.  Director,  Manuel  Martinez  Sol orzano;  Taxidermist  and 
janitor,  Fermin  Gutierrez. 

COLLECTIONS.  Archeology,  1880;  Ethnology,  138;  History,  904; 
Natural  history,  8324. 

LIBRARY.     860  volumes. 


336  DIRECTORY   OF    AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

MORELOS 

CUERNAVACA: 

SEMINARIO  DE  GUERNAVACA. 

The  seminary  maintains  teaching  collections  in  Mexican  archeology 
and  numismatics,  Christian  art,  and  natural  history.  It  is  in  charge 
of  Bishop  Francisco  Plancarte  y  Navarrete,  who  provides  the  funds 
for  its  maintenance. 

TEPOZTLAN: 

MUSEO   MUNICIPAL. 

This  museum  is  in  charge  of  Alfonso  Rojas,  curator,  who  is  respon- 
sible to  the  city  council  by  which  the  museum  is  maintained.  Its 
object  is  the  collection  of  antiquities. 

NUEVO  LEON 

MONTEREY: 

COLEGIO  CIVIL. 

The  college  maintains  museum  collections  in  charge  of  a  preparator. 

OAXACA 

OAXACA: 

INSTITUTO  DE  CIENCIAS. 

The  institute  maintains  a  museum  in  charge  of  Francisco  Leon 
Calderon. 

PUEBLA 

PUEBLA: 

ACADEMY  OF  FINE  ARTS. 

The  academy  maintains  a  museum  of  archeology. 

COLEGIO  DEL  ESTADO. 

The  college  maintains  teaching  collections  in  natural  history  which 
may  be  visited  by  the  public  by  permission  of  the  director  of  the 
college. 

QUERETARO 

QUERfiTARO: 

Two  museums,  one  of  natural  history,  the  other  an  industrial 
museum  are  maintained  in  the  governor's  palace. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  337 

VERA   CRUZ 

ORIZABA: 

GOLEGIO  PREPARATORIO. 

This  school  maintains  teaching  collections  in  botany  and  zoology. 
ESGUELA  NORMAL  PRIMARIA. 

This  school  has  a  museum  in  charge  of  Horacio  N.  Seaver. 

TLAUTALPAN: 

ESGUELA  ESPECIAL  DE  COMERGIO. 

This  school  maintains  a  small  teaching  collection. 

VERA  CRUZ: 

COLEGIO  PREPARATORIO. 

This  school  maintains  a  small  museum  of  natural  history. 

XALAPA: 

COLEGIO  PREPARATORIO. 

This  school  maintains  a  natural  history  collection  in  charge  of  a 
preparator. 

YUCATAN 

MERIDA: 

There  is  in  this  place  a  museum  devoted  expecially  to  archeology 
and  in  charge  of  Alfredo  Zavala  Castillo,  director. 


CENTRAL  AMERICA 

COSTA  RICA 

SAN  JOSE: 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL. 

STAFF.  Director  and  zoologist,  Anastasio  Alfaro;  Botanist, 
Adolf o  Tonduz;  Taxidermist,  Addn  Lizano ;  2  preparatorsin  archeology, 
i  guard,  i  keeper,  and  i  doorman. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Local  collections  in  archeology  and  ethnology, 
including  specimens  of  native  gold  work,  ceramics,  textiles,  etc. 

ASTRONOMY.  An  observatory  connected  with  the  museum  and  in 
charge  of  an  astronomer.  There  is  also  a  meteorological  station  of  the 
first  order  with  two  meteorologists. 

BOTANY.  A  herbarium  of  20,000  specimens,  representing  4000 
species  of  Costa  Rican  plants. 

COMMERCE  AND  INDUSTRY.  A  collection  of  native  vegetable 
products,  including  coffee,  cocoa,  etc. 

GEOLOGY.  A  small  collection  of  minerals,  rocks,  and  fossils  of 
Costa  Rica,  and  a  relief  map  of  the  country. 

HISTORY.  Ancient  and  modern  weapons,  including  stone  axes 
and  hatchets,  and  bows  and  arrows  of  native  Indian  tribes;  weapons 
and  other  relics  of  the  campaign  of  Walker  in  1856-57;  and  a  small 
collection  of  oriental  weapons. 

ZOOLOGY.  This  department  includes  the  national  collections, 
representing  all  the  zoological  groups  but  not  cataloged. 

OTHER  COLLECTIONS.    A  collection  of  medals  and  coins. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  was  founded  in  1887  under 
the  administration  of  President  Bernardo  Soto,  with  a  collection  of 
native  antiquities,  bequeathed  to  the  nation  by  Sr.  Troyo  and  soon 
increased  by  purchase  of  other  collections.  The  zoological  collections 
owe  their  importance  to  the  work  of  Anastasio  Alfaro  and  George  K. 
Cherrie  on  the  vertebrate  groups;  Jose  C.  Zeledon  on  birds;  Cecilio 
Underwood  on  entomology,  birds,  and  mammals;  Pablo  Biolley,  J. 
F.  Tristan,  and  Enrique  Pittier  on  invertebrate  groups.  The  botan- 
ical collections  have  been  developed  by  Alfaro,  Biolley,  Pittier,  Adolfo 
Tonduz,  and  Carlos  Werckle. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  339 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  is  supported  by  an  annual 
government  appropriation  of  6000  colones  (colon  =  46.5  cents). 

BUILDING.  The  museum  is  temporarily  installed  in  a  college 
erected  in  1877,  pending  the  erection  of  a  new  building. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  minister  of 
Fomento. 

SCOPE.  Local  collections  and  public  instruction  are  the 'primary 
purposes  of  the  museum. 

LIBRARY.  A  miscellaneous  collection  consisting  in  large  part  of 
periodicals.  Each  section  of  the  museum  has  its  own  working  library. 

PUBLICATIONS .  The  museum  has  no  special  publications,  the  work 
of  the  staff  being  published  in  local  and  foreign  journals. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  daily,  except  Sundays  and 
holidays,  from  7  to  10  and  12  to  4.  • 


SOUTH  AMERICA 

ARGENTINA 

BUENOS  AIRES: 

MUSEO  HISTORICO  NAGIONAL. 

This  museum  contains  historical  relics  and  other  objects  of 
interest. 

MUSEO  MITRE. 

This  museum  consists  of  the  private  house  and  library  of  the  late 
Gen.  Bartolome  Mitre,  purchased  by  the  government  and  transformed 
into  a  museum. 

MUSEO  NACIONAL  DE  BELLAS  ARTES. 

This  museum  contains  pictures  and  other  objects  of  art. 
MUSEO  NACIONAL  DE  HISTORIA  NATURAL. 

STAFF.  Director,  Florentine  Ameghino;  Naturalists,  Carlos 
Ameghino  and  E.  de  Carles;  Curator  of  zoology,  Roberto  Dabbene; 
In  charge  of  entomology,  Juan  Brethes;  Secretary  and  librarian,  Agus- 
tin  J.  Pendola. 

COLLECTIONS.  Chiefly  natural  history  material,  with  some  speci- 
mens in  American  archeology  and  ethnology. 

LIBRARY.     Chiefly  zoological. 

ATTENDANCE.    Open  to  the  public  daily  from  1 2  to  4. 

UNIVERSIDAD  NACIONAL.    Museo  Ethnografico. 

This  museum  is  devoted  to  the  archeology  and  ethnology  of  Amer- 
ica, especially  Argentina,  and  is  maintained  by  the  department  of 
philosophy  in  the  university. 

UNIVERSIDAD  NACIONAL.    Museo  Farmacologico. 

This  museum  contains  pharmacological  and  botanical  collections, 
and  is  maintained  by  the  medical  department  of  the  university. 

CORDOVA: 

MUSEO  DE  LA  ACADEMIA  NACIONAL  DE  CIENCIAS. 

This  museum  consists  of  natural  history  collections. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY  OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  341 

MUSEO  POLITECNICO. 

This  museum  consists  of  material  illustrating  local  history,  with 
some  natural  history  specimens. 

UNIVERSIDAD  NAGIONAL. 

The  university  is  said  by  Minerva  to  maintain  a  museum  of  min- 
eralogy in  charge  of  W.  Bodenbender,  director;  a  botanical  museum  in 
charge  of  F.  Kurtz,  director;  and  a  zoological  museum  in  charge  of  A. 
Doering,  director. 

LA  PL ATA: 

MUSEO  DE  LA  PLATA. 

This  museum  was  organized  in  1877  and  includes  extensive  col- 
lections in  geology,  paleontology,  and  zoology,  as  well  as  American 
anthropology  and  ethnology.  The  several  departments  are  in  charge 
of  the  professors  of  these  subjects  in  the  national  university  at  La 
Plata. 

PARANA: 

MUSEO  PROVINCIAL. 

This  museum  contains  small  natural  history  collections. 

BOLIVIA 

CHUQUISACA: 

MUSEO  NACIONAL. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  this  museum. 

BRAZIL 

RIO  DE  JANEIRO: 

INSTITUTO    HISTORIGO    E    GEOGRAPHIGO    BRAZILEIRO. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  this  institution. 
MUSEU  NAGIONAL. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  this  museum,  which 
is  said  by  Minerva  to  have  been  organized  in  1818,  and  to  contain 
departments  of  anthropology,  botany,  geology,  paleontology,  and 
zoology,  and  also  a  library  and  a  botanical  garden. 


342  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN  MUSEUMS 

CHILE 

CONCEPCION: 

MUSEO  DE  CONGEPGION. 

STAFF.  Director,  Edwyn  C.  Reed  (address:  Box  435);  i  taxi- 
dermist and  i  porter. 

BOTANY.   2000  specimens  in  storage  as  the  nucleus  of  a  herbarium. 

ZOOLOGY.  Arthropods,  native,  431,  exotic,  2065,  m  storage, 
20,000;  Reptiles,  native,  18,  exotic,  9;  Birds,  native,  465,  exotic,  233; 
Mammals,  53,  exotic,  48;  Craniums,  35;  Specimens  in  alcohol,  103. 
There  is  also  a  regional  collection  of  2653  specimens  and  a  special 
section  for  students  with  1696  specimens. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  This  museum  was  founded  in  1902  by  the 
present  director. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.    An  annual  grant  of  $3500. 

BUILDING.  At  present  the  collections  occupy  a  house  in  the  city 
and  a  department  of  the  Lyceum. 

LIBRARY.     More  than  1 500  bound  volumes  and  pamphlets. 

PUNTA  ARENAS: 

MUSEO  DEL  COLEGIO  SALESIANO. 

.  This  museum  contains  local  collections  in  natural  history  and 
ethnology. 

SANTIAGO: 

MUSEO  DE  HISTORIA  NATURAL  DE  VALPARAISO. 

STAFF.  General  director  and  chief  of  the  zoological  section,  Carlos 
E.  Porter  (address,  Box  2352) ;  Chief  of  mineralogical  section,  Aurelio 
Zilleruelo;  Chief  of  botanical  section,  John  D.  Yugers;  Librarian, 
Salvador  Castafieda;  Taxidermist,  Eleuterio  Ramirez;  i  porter. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  museum  having  been  entirely  destroyed  by 
the  earthquake  of  1906,  the  collections  are  all  in  process  of  re-formation. 
There  are  now  on  hand  some  anthropological  objects;  more  than  3000 
specimens  of  useful  trees  and  seeds;  important  collections  of  copper 
and  silver  from  Aconcagua ;  some  fossil  mollusks,  and  more  than  15,000 
zoological  specimens. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  of  Valparaiso  was  first  estab- 
lished in  1878  as  an  annex  to  the  Lyceum  of  Valparaiso.  The  museum 
was  reorganized  in  1897  and  made  independent  of  the  Lyceum.  Since 
that  time  it  has  been  in  charge  of  Prof.  C.  E.  Porter.  The  museum 
was  entirely  destroyed  in  the  earthquake  of  August  16,  1906,  and  is 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  343 

now  in  course  of  re-formation  at  Santiago,  with  a  view  to  ultimate 
transfer  to  Valparaiso  when  the  reconstruction  of  that  city  shall  be 
sufficiently  advanced. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  An  annual  grant  of  $3  800  for  acquisition 
of  specimens,  cases,  and  administration. 

BUILDING.  The  museum  is  at  present  installed  in  a  large  hall  of 
one  of  the  State  Lyceums  at  Santiago. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  minister  of 
instruction. 

LIBRARY.  About  2000  works  of  natural  history  at  the  end  of 
1908. 

PUBLICATIONS.  The  Revista  Chilena  de  Historia  Natural  was 
founded  privately  by  Professor  Porter  but  has  served  as  the  organ  of 
the  museum  since  he  became  its  director. 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL  DE  CHILE. 

STAFF.  Director,  Federico  Philippi;  Zoologist,  Bernardino 
Quijada;  Entomologist,  Philibert  Germain;  Botanist,  C.  Reiche; 
Mineralogist,  Miguel  R.  Machado;  Preparator,  Zacarias  Vergara; 
Assistant,  Bernardo  Gotschlich;  i  dissector,  i  major  domo,  i  secre- 
tary, and  2  servants. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Archeology,  native,  1305,  foreign,  2386;  Eth- 
nology, native,  1086;  Special  collections  from  Peru  and  Easter  Island. 

BOTANY.  Native  plants,  117  books.  Exotic  plants,  138  books. 
There  are  also  collections  of  Chilian  and  foreign  drugs,  fruits,  and 
seeds;  Chilian  timbers;  drawings  and  engravings  of  characteristic 
Chilian  plants;  rare  Chilian  plants  in  formol;  specimens  showing  plant 
diseases;  drawings  showing  vertical  and  geographical  distribution  of 
important  families  of  Chilian  plants;  and  an  especially  important  col- 
lection of  characteristic  plants  of  the  high  Cordillera. 

GEOLOGY.  Minerals,  S5oo±;  Rocks,  3ooo±.  There  are  also  a 
few  meteorites  and  some  rare  ores. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  ioo,ooo±  specimens,  including  some  figures  and 
plaster  casts  of  Megatherium,  etc.  Especially  noteworthy  are  two 
cetacean  skeletons  from  Chile. 

ZOOLOGY.  Shells,  catalog  incomplete;  Insects,  65,ooo±,  mostly 
determined;  Other  invertebrates,  590  species,  including  a  very  large 
and  fine  Kampferia  kampferiirom  Japan;  Fishes,  2  77  species,  including 
fine  specimens  of  Ceratodus  forsteri,  Orthagoriscus ,  Xiphias,  and  Istio- 
phorus;  Batrachians,  59  species;  Reptiles,  102  species;  Birds,  native, 
285  species,  foreign,  1235  species;  Mammals,  412  species.  Exhibits  to 


344  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

show  adaptation,  metamorphosis,  and  mimicry  have  been  begun.  A 
small  number  of  bird  groups  is  exhibited  in  natural  surroundings. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  museum  originated  in  a  contract  made 
by  the  government  in  1830  with  Claudio  Gay  to  collect  objects  of  nat- 
ural history  in  Chile  and  to  form  a  museum.  Gay  returned  to  France  in 
1842  for  the  publication  of  his  researches  in  Chile.  The  museum  which 
he  left  in  Santiago  was  nearly  abandoned  and  many  specimens  were 
lost  or  destroyed  by  neglect,  so  that  only  a  very  poor  collection  existed 
in  1853  when  Dr.  R.  A.  Philippi  became  director.  Since  that  time 
the  museum  has  developed  rapidly  by  collections  made  by  the  direc- 
tor and  the  staff  and  by  exchange.  Dr.  R.  A.  Philippi  retired  in  1897 
at  the  age  of  89,  being  succeeded  by  his  son,  Federico  Philippi. 

FINANCIAL  SUPPORT.  The  museum  is  dependent  solely  upon 
government  appropriations  for  its  support.  The  following  is  a  typical 
annual  budget:  for  salaries,  $25,900;  for  minor  employees,  general 
expenses,  explorations,  and  accessions,  $6000;  for  printing,  $1500; 
for  cases  and  stands,  $1000;  for  library,  $1000;  total,  $35,400  Chilian 
currency. 

BUILDING.  Erected  by  the  government  in  1875  for  an  interna- 
tional exposition,  afterwards  devoted  to  the  museum  and  the  agri- 
cultural institute.  It  provides  a  floor  space  of  3960  square  meters 
for  exhibition,  and  1400  for  offices,  workrooms,  etc.  This  includes  a 
roofed  yard  of  1233  square  meters. 

ADMINISTRATION.  By  a  director,  responsible  to  the  minister  of 
public  instruction. 

SCOPE.  Exploration  and  research,  supplemented  by  exhibition 
and  public  and  school  instruction. 

LIBRARY.     A  reference  library  of  1839  works  on  natural  science. 

PUBLICATIONS.  Anales  del  Museo  Nacional,  published  at  irreg- 
ular intervals,  17  numbers  having  already  been  issued.  Boletin  del 
Museo  Nacional,  i  volume  has  been  issued  and,  beginning  with  1910, 
i  volume  will  be  published  annually. 

ATTENDANCE.  Open  free  to  the  public  on  Sundays  and  Thursdays 
from  12  to  5  except  in  January  and  February.  Open  to  schools  on 
any  afternoon  upon  application  to  the  director.  There  are  no  sta- 
tistics of  attendance,  but  on  Sundays  and  on  holidays  which  fall  on 
Thursday,  the  number  of  visitors  frequently  exceeds  3000. 


BUFFALO    SOCIETY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES  345 

COLOMBIA 

BOGOTA: 

MUSEO  NACIONAL. 

^STAFF.  Director,  Rafael  Espinosa  Escallon;  i  assistant  and  i 
janitor. 

ANTHROPOLOGY.  Collections  illustrating  the  life  and  Customs  of 
the  indigenous  races. 

ART.     Oil  paintings  and  portraits,  textiles,  ceramics,  etc. 

BOTANY.  The  Triana  herbarium  of  3950  species  of  native  plants 
acquired  in  1856;  the  Gamba  collection  of  195  species  formed  in  1878; 
a  collection  of  277  species  of  ferns;  the  Samper  collection  of  30  species 
of  Swiss  flowering  plants;  the  Thomson  collection  of  50  herbarium 
sheets  of  the  orchids  of  Colombia.  There  are  also  collections  of 
economic  plants  and  plant  products. 

GEOLOGY.  The  Moore  collection  of  about  200  minerals  received 
in  1886;  an  economic  collection  of  100  minerals  from  France;  a  collec- 
tion of  100  minerals  and  rocks  chiefly  from  France;  the  Samper  col- 
lection of  local  minerals  and  the  Gledhill  collection  of  minerals  received 
in  1886;  a  collection  of  minerals  and  rocks  of  the  Panama  Canal  ob- 
tained in  1885;  the  Gamba  collection  of  196  minerals  and  10  fossils 
received  in  1878;  and  a  collection  of  chlorides  of  sodium  from  the  prin- 
cipal salt  localities  of  Colombia. 

HISTORY.     Extensive  collections  illustrating  local  history. 

NUMISMATICS.  Large  collections  of  general  and  local  coins,  medals, 
etc. 

PALEONTOLOGY.  Common  genera  of  fossil  shells,  etc.,  of  Colom- 
bia and  a  collection  of  mastodon  fragments  from  local  sites. 

ZOOLOGY.     Synoptic  collections  of  vertebrates  and  invertebrates. 

HISTORICAL  SKETCH.  The  national  museum  of  Bogota  had  its 
beginning  in  the  early  part  of  the  i9th  century  under  the  direction  of 
Dr.  Jose  Celestino  Mutis  who  had  associated  with  him  a  body  of 
young  men  of  high  standing  in  science  and  art.  His  death  in  1808 
and  the  vicissitudes  of  the  war  of  independence  resulted  in  the  cessa- 
tion of  activity  in  the  museum  and  the  manuscripts,  herbaria,  pictures, 
and  other  objects  were  sent  to  Madrid  where  many  of  them  are  still 
preserved.  With  the  establishment  of  the  republic  in  1823  the  new 
national  museum  was  founded  as  a  center  of  instruction  in  the 
arts  and  sciences.  In  1824  the  museum  of  natural  history  which  had 
been  previously  organized  was  merged  in  the  new  museum.  Later 
an  archive  of  historical  documents  was  added.  Since  that  time  the 


346  DIRECTORY   OF   AMERICAN   MUSEUMS 

museum  has  suffered  severely  from  the  wars  and  political  disorders. 
During  the  past  few  years,  under  the  present  director,  Rafael  Espinosa 
Escallon,  a  partial  reorganization  has  been  accomplished. 

SCOPE.  The  museum  comprises  three  departments:  (i)  National 
history,  archeology,  and  curiosities;  (2)  Natural  history,  mainly  the 
natural  products  of  the  country  and  their  economic  application;  and 
(3)  Pictures  of  objects  of  national  art. 

LIBRARY  A  working  collection  of  books  and  pamphlets  related 
to  subjects  treated  in  the  museum. 

PUBLICATIONS.    A  guide  descriptive  of  the  collections. 

ECUADOR 

QUITO: 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  this  museum. 

PARAGUAY 

ASUNCION: 

MUSEO  Y  ARCHIVO  DE  LA  NACION. 

This  department  maintains  a  museum  and  archives  of  fine  arts 
history,  and  Americana,  in  charge  of  Juansilvano  Godoi,  director- 
general. 

PERU 

LIMA: 

MUSEO  NACIONAL. 

No  information  has  been  received  regarding  this  museum. 

URUGUAY 

MONTEVIDEO: 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL. 

STAFF.  Director,  Jose  Arechavaleta;  In  charge  of  fine  arts,  Juan 
Masa;  In  charge  of  history,  Antonio  M.  Gorri;  Preparator,  Juan  H. 
Figueira;  Assistant  in  zoology,  Juan  Tremoleras;  3  aids  and  e  por- 
ters. 

COLLECTIONS.  The  museum  comprises  two  sections — natural 
history  and  fine  arts.  The  former  includes  anthropology,  botany, 
mineralogy,  paleontology,  and  zoology;  the  latter  includes  painting 
and  sculpture,  and  objects  related  to  the  history  of  the  republic. 


BUFFALO   SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  347 

The  museum  was  established  in  1837.  It  publishes  a  series  of 
Anales,  of  which  volume  7  was  in  course  of  publication  in  1909.  It 
has  also  published  catalogs  of  the  collections.  The  museum  is  open 
to  the  public  on  Thursdays  and  Sundays,  except  holidays,  but  transient 
visitors  are  admitted  on  application  to  the  director. 


VENEZUELA 

CARACAS: 

MUSEO  NAGIONAL. 

The  museum  is  in  charge  of  C.  Witzke,  director-general,  and  pub- 
lishes a  bulletin  entitled,  El  Museo  Nacional,  the  first  issue  of  which 
is  dated  July,  1909.  No  information  has  been  received  regarding  the 
collections. 


INDEX 


Abbot  Academy,  107 

Academy  Mt.  St.  Vincent,  199 

Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  336 

Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  248-250 

Acadia  University,  321-322 

ADRIAN  (Mien.),  144 

Adrian  College,  144 

AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE  (Miss.),  155 

Agricultural  College  (Fargo),  223 

AKRON  (Omo),  224 

Alabama  Department  of  Archives  and 
History,  9 

Alabama  Polytechnic  Institute,  9 

Alaska  District  Historical  Library  and 
Museum,  12 

ALBANY  (N.  Y.),  177-180 

Albany  Institute,  177-178 

Albright  Art  Gallery,  see  Buffalo  Fine 
Arts  Academy 

Albright  College,  247 

ALFRED  (N.Y.),  180-181 

Alfred  University,  180-181 

Allegheny  College,  245-247 

Allen  Steinheim  and  Museum  of  Natural 
History,  see  Alfred  University 

ALLENTOWN  (PA.),  240 

ALMA  (MICH.),  145 

Alma  College,  145 

American  Antiquarian  Society,  142 

American  Entomological  Society,   250 

American  Museum  of  Natural  History, 
199-201 

American  Negro  Historical  Society,  251 

American  Numismatic  Society,  201 

AMHERST  (MASS.),  104-106 

Amherst  College,  104-106 

Amity  College,  82 

AMSTERDAM  (N.  Y.),  181 

ANDOVER  (MASS.),  107 

ANN  ARBOR  (Mien.),  145-147 

ANNAPOLIS,  (Mo.),  101 

Annmary  Brown  Memorial,  274 

Antioch  College,  237 

APPLETON  (Wis.),  301-302 

Army  Medical  Museum,  42 

Arnot  Art  Gallery,  191 

Art  Association  of  Indianapolis,  77-78 

Art,  Historical,  and  Scientific  Associ- 
ation, 314 

Art  Institute  of  Chicago,  55-56 

ASHLAND  (Wis.),  302 

Ashland  Public  Schools,  302 

ASUNCION  (PARAGUAY),  346 


ATCHISON  (KAN.),  87 
ATLANTA  (GA.),  50 
AUBURN  (ALA.),  9 
AUGUSTA  (ME.),  96 
Augustana  College,  71-72 
AURORA  (N.  Y.),  181 
AUSTIN  (TEX.),  285-286 
AVALON  (CAL.),  13-14 

BACONE(OKLA.),237 

Bacone  College,  237 

Baker  University,  87 

BALDWIN  (KAN.),  87 

Baldwin  University,  224 

BALTIMORE  (Mo.),  101-104 

BANFF  (ALBERTA),  315 

BARABOO  (Wis.),  302-303 

Barnum  Museum,  see  Tufts  College 

BARRINGTON  (R.I.),  273 

BarringtonHistoric- Antiquarian  Society, 

273 

Barrow  Art  Gallery,  see  Skaneateles 
Library  Association 

BATON  ROUGE  (LA.),  93 

Baylor  University,  287-288 

BELAIR  (Mo.),  104 

BELOIT  (Wis.),  303-304 

Beloit  College,  303-304 

Bennett  Museum  of  Christian  Arche- 
ology, see  Northwestern  University 

BEREA  (Omo),  224 

Bergen  County  Historical  Society,  170 

BERKELEY  (CAL.),  14-16 

Berkshire  Athenaeum  and  Museum, 
131-132 

Bermuda  Natural  History  Society,  333 

Bernice  Pauahi  Bishop  Museum,  51-53 

Bethany  College,  90 

BEVERLY  (MASS.),  107 

Beverly  Historical  Society,  107 

BlNGHAMTON  (N.Y.),  l8l 

BISMARCK  (N.D.),  223 

Blackburn  College,  55 

BLACKSBURG  (VA.),  294 

BLOOMINGTON  (ILL.),  54 

BLOOMINGTON  (!ND.),  75 

Board  of  Commissioners  of  Agriculture 

and  Forestry  (Honolulu),  53 
Board    of    Education    (Los    Angeles). 

16-17 

Boardman  Collection,  316 
BOGOTA  (COLOMBIA),  345-346 
BOSTON  (MASS.),  107-114 


350 


INDEX 


Boston    Society    of    Natural    History, 

108-109 

Bostonian  Society,  107-108 
BOULDER  (Coi?.),  29-30 
Bowdoin  College,  96-97 
BOWLING  GREEN  (Kv.),  92 

BOZEMAN  (MONT.),  164-165 

BRADFORD  (PA.),  241 

Bradford  Art  Gallery,  see  Washington 
and  Lee  University 

Bridgton  Academy,  97 

Bristol  County  Academy  of  Sciences, 
138 

BROOKLYN  (N.  Y.),  181-186 

Brooklyn  Institute  Museum,   181-184 

Broome  County  Historical  Society,  181 

Brown  University,  274-275 

BRUNSWICK  (ME.),  96-97 

BRYN  MAWR  (PA.),  241 

Bryn  Mawr  College,  241 

Bucks  County  Historical  Society,  241- 
242 

BUENOS  AIRES  (ARGENTINA),  340 

BUFFALO  (N.  Y.),  186-189 

Buffalo  Fine  Arts  Academy,  186 

Buffalo  Historical  Society,  186-187 

Buffalo  Society  of  Natural  Sciences, 
187-188 

BURLINGTON  (Vt.),  289-290 

Butler  College,  see  University  of  Indian- 
apolis 

Butterfield  Museum,  see  Dartmouth 
College 

California  Academy  of  Sciences,  25-26 
California  Museum  Association,   24-25 
California  State  Mining  Bureau,  26 
CAMBRIDGE  (MASS.),  114-122 
Cambridge  Historical  Society,  114 
CAMPECHE  (MEXICO),  334 
CANANDAIGUA  (N.  Y.),  189 
Canisius  College,  188-189 
CANTON  (N.  Y.),  189-190 
CANTON  (Omo),  224 
Cape  Ann  Scientific  and  Literary  Associ- 
ation, 124 

CARACAS  (VENEZUELA),  347 
Carleton  College,  153 
CARLINVILLE  (ILL.),  55 
Carnegie  Institute,  263-267 
Carnegie  Library  (Greenville),  233-234 
Carolina  Art  Association,  278 
Case  School  of  Applied  Science,  229 
Catholic  University  of  America,  43 
CEDAR  FALLS  (!OWA),  81 
CEDAR  RAPIDS  (!OWA),  81-82 
CENTERVTLLE  (!ND.),  75 
Chamber  of  Commerce  (Los  Angeles),  17 
CHAPEL  HILL  (N.  C.),  219 
CHARLESTON  (S.  C.),  278-280 
Charleston  Museum,  278-280 


CHARLESIOWN  (MASS.),  122-123 

CHARLOTTE SVILLE  (VA.),  294-295 

Chateau  de  Ramezay,  see  Numismatic 
and  Antiquarian  Society  (Montreal) 

CHATHAM  (N.  B.),  315-316 

CHATTANOOGA  (TENN.),  283 

Chester  County  Historical  Society,  271 

CHICAGO  (ILL.),  55-68 

Chicago  Academy  of  Sciences,  57-59 

Chicago  Historical  Society,  59-60 

Chicago  School  of  Civics  and  Philan- 
thropy, 60-6 1 

Children's  Museum,  184-185 

CHUQUISACA  (BOLIVIA),  341 

CINCINNATI  (Omo),  224-228 

Cincinnati  Museum  Association,  224- 
225 

Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History, 
226-227 

City  Art  Museum,  160-161 

City  Library  Association,  135-138 

CLAREMONT  (CAL.),  16 

Clark  County  Historical  Society,  235 

Clark  Memorial  Collection,  see  Clark 
University 

Clark  University,  142 

CLARKSVILLE  (TENN.),  283 

CLEMSON  COLLEGE  (S.  C.),  281 

Clemson  College,  281 

CLEVELAND  (Omo),  229-231 

Cleveland  Museum  of  Art,  229 

CLINTON  (MASS.),  123 

CLINTON  (N.  Y.),  190 

Clinton  Historical  Society,  123 

Colby  College,  100-101 

Colegio  Civil,  336 

Colegio  de  San  Nicolas  de  Hidalgo,  335 

Colegio  del  Estado,  336 

Colegio  Preparatorio  (Orizaba),  337 

Colegio  Preparatorio  (Vera  Cruz),  337 

Colegio  Preparatorio  (Xalapa),  337 

Coleman  Museum,  see  Georgetown 
University 

Colgate  University,  193 

College  of  Emporia,  87-88 

College  of  the  City  of  New  York,  201- 
202 

College  St.  Joseph  de  Levis,  325 

College  Saint-Laurent,  330-331 

COLLEGE  SPRINGS  (!OWA),  82 

COLLEGEVILLE   (MlNN.),   151 
COLLINGWOOD    (ONT.),   322 

Colonial  Dames  of  America,  202 

Colorado  College,  30-31 

Colorado  Museum  of  Natural  History, 

31-32 

Colorado  School  of  Mines,  34 
Colorado  Scientific  Society,  32 
COLORADO  SPRINGS  (COL.),  30-31 
COLUMBIA  (Mo.),  156 
COLUMBIA  (S.C.),  281 


INDEX 


351 


Columbia  University,  202-203 

COLUMBUS  (OHIO),  231-232 

Comision  Exploradora  de  la  Fauna  y 
Flora  Nacionales,  334 

CONCEPCION  (CHILE),  342 

CONCORD  (N.  H.),  167 

CONCORD  (N.  C.),  219 

Confederate  Memorial  Literary  Society, 
296 

Connecticut  Agricultural  College,  41-42 

Connecticut  Historical  Society,  35 

Connecticut  Valley  Historical  Society, 
138 

Convent  des  Soeurs  de  Saint-Croix,  331 

CONWAY  (ARK.),  13 

Cooper  Union,  203-204 

Corcoran  Gallery  of  Art,  43-44 

C6RDOVA  (ARGENTINA),  340-341 

Cornell  University,  193-196 

CORTLAND  (N.  Y.),  190-191 

Cortland  Science  Club,  190-191 

CORVALLIS  (ORE.),  238 

Cossitt  Library  Museum  Association, 
284 

Council  for  Library  and  Museum  Exten- 
sion, 6 1 

County  Academy  (Truro),  321 

CRAWFORDSVILLE  (!ND.),  75-76 

Creighton  University,  167 

CRETE  (NEB.),  165 

Crocker  Art  Gallery,  see  California 
Museum  Association 

Crown  Lands  Department,  316 

CROWN  POINT  (!ND.),  76 

CUERNAVACA  (MEXICO),  336 

Cumberland  University,  283 

Cuvier  Club,  227 

Dalhousie  College,  319 
Damon  Private  Museum,  53 
Daniel  B.  Dyer  Museum,  157 
DANVERS  (MASS.),  123 
Danvers  Historical  Society,  123 
DARLINGTON  (Wis.);  304 
Dartmouth  College,  168-169 
Daughters  of  the  Confederacy-Charles-   j 

ton  Chapter,  280 
DAVENPORT  (!OWA),  82-83 
Davenport  Academy  of  Sciences,  82-83    j 
David  Walch  Museum,  see  Lawrence   ! 

College 

DAVIDSON  (N.  C.),  219 
Davidson  College,  219 
DECATUR  (!LL.),  68 
Decatur    College,   see   James   Millikin 

University — Decatur  College 
DEERFIELD  (MASS.),  124 
DELANO  (FLA.),  49 
DELAWARE  (Omo),  232 
Delaware  College,  42 
DENVER  (COL.),  31-34 


Denver  Artists  Club,  32 

Department  of  Agriculture  and  Immi- 
gration (Richmond),  296 

Department  of  Parks  and  Boulevards 
(Detroit),  147 

DES  MOINES  (IOWA),  83-84 

Deseret  Museum,  288-289 

DETROIT  (Mien.),  147-148 

Detroit  Museum  of  Art,  147-148 

Doane  College,  165 

DOE  RUN  (Mo.),  156-157 

DOYLESTOWN  (PA.),  241-242 

Drexel  Institute  Museum,  251 
Drury  College,  158-160 
DUBUQUE  (IOWA),  84 
DURHAM  (N.  H.),  168 
DURHAM  (N.  C.),  220 

Earlham  College,  80-8 1 
EAST  LANSING  (Mien.),  148 
East   Side   High   School  (Denver),  33 
EASTON  (PA.),  242 

Eaton  Herbarium,  see  Yale  University- 
Educational  Museum  of  the  St.  Louis 

Public  Schools,  162-164 
Edward    M.    Shepard    Museum,    see 

Drury  College 
Egleston    Mineralogical   Museum,    see 

Columbia  University 
ELGIN  (ILL.),  68 
Elgin  Historical  and  Scientific  Institute, 

324 

Elgin  Scientific  Society,  68 
ELIOT  (ME.),  97 
Eliot  Historical   Society,   see  William 

Fogg  Library 

Elkhart  County  Historical  Society,  77 
ELLICOTT  CITY  (Mo.),  104 
ELMIRA  (N.  Y. ),  191 
EMORY  (¥A.),  295 
Emory  and  Henry  College,  295 
Emory  College,  51 
EMPORIA  (KAN.),  87-88 
ERIE  (PA.),  242-243 
Erie  Public  Museum,  242-243 
Escuela  Especial  de  Comercio,  337 
Escuela  Normal  Primaria,  337 
Essex  Institute,  132-133 
EUGENE  (ORE.),  238 
EVANSTON  (ILL.),  68-70 
Evanston  Historical  Society,  68 
Everhart  Museum  of  Natural  History, 

Science,  and  Art,  268 

Fairbanks  Museum  of  Natural  Science, 
292-293 

FARGO  (N.  D.),  223 

Farnsworth  Museum  of  Art,  see  Welles- 
ley  College 

FAYETTE  (!OWA),  84-85 

Fayette  County  Historical  Society,  270 


352 


INDEX 


FAYETTEVILLE  (ARK.),  13 

Ferry  Museum,  301 

Field  Museum  of  Natural  History,  61- 

64 
Firelands  Historical  Society,  234 

FlTCHBURG  (MASS.),  124 

Fitchburg  Historical  Society,  124 
Fitchburg  Public  Library,  124 
FLEMINGTON  (N.  J.),  170 
Flower  Memorial  Library,  see  Jefferson 

County  Historical  Society 
FORT  COLLINS  (COL.),  34 
Francis  A.  Hood  Museum,  see  Alma 

College 

FRANKFORD  (PA.),  244 
FRANKFORT  (Kv.),  92 
FRANKLIN  (!ND.),  76-77 
Franklin  College,  76-77 
FREDERICTON  (N.  B.),  316-317 
Free   Public   Library    (Independence), 

85 

FREMONT  (OHIO),  233 
Furman  University,  282 

GALESBURG  (!LL.),  70 

Garrett  Biblical  Institute,  see  North- 
western University 

Genessee  Valley  Museum,  192 

GENESEO  (N.  Y.),  191 

GENEVA  (N.  Y.),  191-192 

Geological  Survey  (St.  John's),  318 

Geological  Survey  of  Alabama,  9-12 

Geological  Survey  of  Canada,  323-324 

George  Washington  University  Medical 
School,  45 

Georgetown  University,  44-45 

GERMANTOWN  (PA.),  244 

GETTYSBURG  (PA.),  244 

GLASGOW  (Mo.),  157 

GLEN  IRIS  (N.  Y.,)  192 

GLOUCESTER  (MASS.),  124 

GOLDEN  (COL.),  34 

Good  Will  Home  Association,  97 

Gorby  Collection,  see  Franklin  College 

GOSHEN  (IND.),  77 

GRAND  RAPIDS  (MICH.),  149-150 

Grant   County  Historical   Society,    79 

GRANVILLE  (N.  Y.),  192-193 

Graves  Private  Museum,  156-157 

Gray  Herbarium,  see  Harvard  Univer- 
sity 

GREELY  (COL.),  35 

GREEN  BAY  (Wis.),  304-305 

Green  Museum,  222 

GREENFIELD  (MASS.),  124-125 

GREENVILLE  (Omo),  233-234 

GREENVILLE  (S.C.),  282 

GRINNELL  (!OWA),  85 

Grinnell  College,  85 

GUELPH  (ONT.),  322 

Gustavus  Adolphus  College,  154 


HACKENSACK  (N.  J.),  170 

HALIFAX  (N.  S.),  319-320 

HAMILTON  (BERMUDA),  333 

HAMILTON  (N.  Y. ),  193 

HAMILTON  (ONT.),  322 

Hamilton  College,  190 

Hamilton  County  Historical  Associa- 
tion, 79 

Hamilton  Scientific  Association,  322 

Hamlin  Memorial  Hall,  98 

Hamline  University,  153 

Hancock  Clark  House,  see  Lexington 
Historical  Society 

HANOVER  (!ND.),  77 

HANOVER  (N.  H.),  168-169 

Hanover  College,  77 

Harford  County  Historical  Society,  104 


HARRISBURG  (PA.),  244-245 
HARTFORD  (CONN.),  35-36 
Harvard  Medical  School,  109 
Harvard  University,  114-122 
Haskell  Oriental  Museum,  see  Univer- 
sity of  Chicago 
HAVERFORD  (PA.),  245 
Haverford  College,  245 
HAVERHILL  (MASS.),  125 
Haverhill  Historical  Society,  125 
Hawaiian  Sugar  Planters'  Association, 

53-54 

Heidelberg  University,  236 
HELENA  (MONT.),  165 
Hendrix  College,  13 
Henry  County  Historical  Society,  79 
Herrmann  Museum  of  Natural  History, 

84 

High  School  (New  Glasgow),  321 
Hillyer  Art  Gallery,  see  Smith  College 
HINCKLEY  (Ms.),  97 
HIRAM  (Omo),  234 
Hiram  College,  234 

Hispanic  Society  of   America,  204-205 
Historical    and    Philosophical    Society 

of  Ohio,  227 

Historical  Department  of  Iowa,  83-84 
Historical,  Natural  History,  and  Library 

Society,  135 

Historical  Society  of  Berks  County,  268 
Historical  Society  of  Dauphin  County, 

244 

Historical  Society  of  Delaware,  42 
Historical  Society  of  Frankford,  244 
Historical  Society  of  Gloucester  County, 

177      . 
Historical  Society  of  Greenfield,   124- 

I25 
Historical     Society     of     Montgomery 

County,  248 

Historical  Society  of  New  Mexico,  177 
Historical    Society    of    Old    Newbury, 

129 
Historical  Society  of  Pennsylvania,  251 


INDEX 


Hitchcock  Memorial  Museum,  294 

Hobart  College,  191-192 

HONOLULU  (HAWAII),  51-54 

HOPKINTON  (N.  H.),  169 

HOUGHTON  (Mien.),  150 

HOUSTON   (TEX.),   286 

Houston  Museum  and  Scientific  Society, 

286 

Hovey  Museum,  see  Wabash   College 
Howard  University,  45 
Hunterdon  County  Historical  Society, 

170 
Huron  Institute,  322 

Illinois  State  Historical  Library  and 
Society,  72 

Illinois  Wesleyan  University,  54 

INDEPENDENCE  (IOWA),  85 

Independence  Hall  and  National  Mu- 
seum, 252 

Indiana  State  Museum,  78 

Indiana  University,  75 

INDIANAPOLIS  (!ND.),  77-78 

Institute  Campechano,  334 

Institute  de  Ciencias,  336 

Instituto    Historico    e    Geographico 
Brazileiro,  341 

IOWA  CITY  (IOWA),  85-86 

Iowa  Masonic  Library  and  Museum. 
81-82 

Iowa  State  Teachers  College,  81 

IPSWICH  (MASS.),  125 

Ipswich  Historical  Society,  125 

ITHACA  (N.  Y.),  193-196 

JACKSON  (Miss.)  155-156 

James  Milliken  University — Decatur 
College,  68 

James  Milliken  University— Lincoln 
College,  71 

James  Prendergast  Free  Library  Associ- 
ation, 197 

James  V.  Brown  Library,  272-273 

JAMESTOWN  (N.  Y.),  197 

Jefferson  County  Historical  Society, 
218 

Jefferson  Institute  of  Arts  and  Sciences, 
see  Louisville  Free  Public  Library 

Jenks  Museum,  see  Brown  University 

John  B.  Stetson  University,  49 

John-Esther  Gallery,  see  Abbott  Acad- 
emy 

John  Herron  Art  Institute,  see  Art 
Association  of  Indianapolis 

Johns  Hopkins  University,  101 

JOHNSTOWN  (N.  Y.),  197 

Johnstown  Historical  Society,  197 

JOLIET(!LL.),  70-71 

Joliet  Township  High  School,  70-71 

Joseph  Moore  Museum,  see  Earlham 
College 


KANSAS  City  (Mo.),  157-158 
Kansas   State  Agricultural  College,  91 
Kansas  State  Historical  Society,  91-92 
Kansas  State  Normal  School,  88 
Kansas  Wesleyan  University,  91 
KEENE  (N.  H.),  169 
Keene  High  School,  169 
Kellogg  Public  Library,  304-305 
Kennebec  Historical  Society,  96 
Kent  Scientific  Museum,  149-150 
Kentucky  Geological  Survey,  92 
Kentucky  State  Historical  Society,  92 
King's  College,  321 
KINGSTON  (ONT.),  322-323 
KINGSTON  (R.  I.),  273-274 
Kingston  School  of  Mining,  322 
Knox  College,  70 
KNOXVILLE  (TENN.),  283 

LA  PLATA  (ARGENTINA),  341 

LAFAYETTE  (!ND.),  79 

Lafayette  College,  242 

Lafayette   County   Historical   Society, 

304 

LAKE  FOREST  (ILL.),  71 
Lake  Forest  College,  71 
LAKE  GEORGE  (N.  Y.),  197 
LANCASTER  (MASS.),  125 
LANSING  (Mien.),  150 
LARAMIE  (Wv.),  312-313 
LAUZON  (P.  Q.),  325 
Laval  University,  328 
LAWRENCE  (KAN.),  88-90 
Lawrence  College,  301-302 
Layton  Art  Gallery,  307 
LEBANON  (PA.),  245 
LEBANON  (TENN.),  283 
Lebanon  County  Historical  Society,  245 
Lehigh  County  Historical  Society,  240 
Lehigh  University,  269 
Leland  Stanford  Junior  Museum,  21-23 
Leland    Stanford    Junior    University, 

23-24 

LEOMINISTER    (MASS.),    125-126 
Leominister    Public   Library,    125-126 
Lewis  Brooks  Museum,  see  University 

of  Virginia 

LEXINGTON  (Kv.),  92-93 
LEXINGTON  (MASS.),  126-127 
LEXINGTON  (VA.),  295 
Lexington  Historical  Society,   126-127 
LIMA  (PERU),  346 
LINCOLN  (ILL.),  71 
LINCOLN  (NEB.),  165-167 
Lincoln    College,    see   James    Milliken 

University — Lincoln  College 
LINDSBORG  (KAN.),  90 

LlTCHFIELD   (CONN.),  36 

Litchfield  Historical  Society,  36 
Livingston  County  Historical  Society, 
191 


354 


INDEX 


Lloyd  Library  and  Museum,  227-228 
Logan  Museum  of  Archeology,  see  Beloit 

College 

LONDON  (ONT.),  323 
London     and      Middlesex      Historical 

Society,  323 

Long  Island  Historical  Society,  185 
LONGUEUIL  (P.  Q.),  326 
Longueuil  College,  326 
Los  ANGELES  (CAL.),  16-18 
Louisiana  Historical  Association,  94 
Louisiana  State  Museum,  94-95 
Louisiana  State  University,  93 
LOUISVILLE  (K.Y.),  93 
Louisville  Free  Public  Library,  93 
LOWELL  (MASS.),  127 
Lowell  Historical  Society,  127 
LYNN  (MASS.),  127 
Lynn  Historical  Society,  127 

McGill  University,  326-327 

McKean    County    Historical    Society, 
241 

McLean  County  Historical  Society,  54 

MACON  (GA.),  50-51 

MADISON  (Wis.),  305-306 

Madison  County  Historical  Society,  87 

MADRID  (!OWA),  86 

Madrid  Historical  Society,  86 

Maine  Historical  Society,  99 

MANCHESTER  (N.  H.),  169 

Manchester  Historic  Association,    169 

Manchester    Institute     of     Arts     and 
Sciences,  169 

MANHATTAN  (KAN.),  91 

MARBLEHEAD  (MASS.),  127 

Marblehead  Historical  Society,  127 

MARION  (!ND.),  79 

MARLBOROUGH  (MASS.),  127-128 

Marlborough  Society  of  Natural  His- 
tory,  127-128 

Maryland  Academy  of  Sciences,   101- 
102 

Maryland  Geological  Survey,  101 

MARYVILLE  (TENN.),  284 

Maryville  College,  284 

Massachusetts  Agricultural  College,  106 

Massachusetts  Historical  Society,   109 

Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology, 
109 

MEADVILLE  (PA.),  245-247 

MEDFORD  (MASS.),  128 

Medford  Historical  Society,  128 

Memorial  Museum,  26 

MEMPHIS  (TENN.),  284 

Mercer  University,  50-51 

MERIDA  (MEXICO),  337 

MERIDEN    (CONN.),  36 

Meriden  Scientific  Association,  36 

Merrick    Free   Art   Gallery,    Museum, 
and  Library,  247-248 


METHUEN  (MASS.),  128 
Methuen  Historical  Society,  128 
Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art,  205-206 
MEXICO  (MEXICO),  334-335 
Michigan  Agricultural  College,  148 
Michigan  College  of  Mines,  150 
Michigan  Pioneer  and  Historical  Society, 
150 

MlDDLEBURY  (VT.),  291 

Middlebury  College,   291 
Middlesex  County  Historical  Society, 
36 

MlDDLETOWN  (CONN.),  36 

Midland  College,  87 
Millsaps  College,  155 
MILTON  (Wis.),  307 
Milton  College,  307 
MILWAUKEE  (Wis.),  307-310 
MINNEAPOLIS  (MINN.),  151-152 
Minneapolis  Society  of  Fine  Arts,  151 
Minnesota  Academy  of  Sciences,  15 1-15 2 
Minnesota  Historical  Society,  153 
Miramichi    Natural    History    Associa- 
tion, 315-316 

Mississippi  Agricultural  and  Mechani- 
cal College,  155 

Missouri  Geological  Survey,  158 
Missouri  Historical  Society,  164 
Missouri  School  of  Mines,  158 
Monroe  Heath  Museum,  .see  John  B. 

Stetson  University 

Montana  Agricultural  College,  164-165 
Montana  State  Library,  165 
MONTEREY  (MEXICO),  336 
MONTEVIDEO  (URUGUAY),  346-347 
MONTGOMERY  (ALA.),  9 
Montgomery  County  Historical  Society, 
181 

MONTPELIER  (VT.),   291-292 

MONTREAL  (P.  Q. ),  326-327 
MORELIA  (MEXICO),  335 

MORGANTOWN    (W.    VA.),    30! 

Moscow  (IDAHO),  54 

Moses  Brown  School,  275 

Muhlenberg  College,  240 

Musee     Carrier,     see     College     Saint 
Laurent 

Musee    de    1'Institution    des     Sourds- 
Muets,  331-332 

Museo  de  Concepcion,  342 . 

Museo  deHistoria  Natural  de  Valpa- 
raiso, 342-343 

Museo   de   la   Academia   Nacional   de 
Ciencias,  340 

Museo  de  la  Plata,  341 

Museo  del  Colegio  Salesiano,  342 

Museo  Historic©  Nacional,  340 

Museo  Mitre,  340 

Museo  Municipal,  336 

Museo  Nacional  (Bogota),  345-346 

Museo  Nacional  (Caracas),  347 


INDEX 


355 


Museo  Nacional  (Chuquisaca),  341 

Museo  Nacional  (Lima),  346 

Museo    Nacional    (Montevideo),    346- 

347 

Museo  Nacional  (Quito),  346 
Museo  Nacional  (San  Jose),  338-339 
Museo  Nacional  de  Arqueologia  y  His- 

toria,  334 

Museo  Nacional  de  Artilleria,  334-335 
Museo  Nacional  de  Bellas  Artes,  340 
Museo  Nacional  de   Chile,  343-344 
Museo  Nacional  de  Historia  Natural 

(Buenos  Aires),  340 
Museo  Nacional  de  Historia  Natural 

(Mexico),  335 
Museo  Politecnico,  341 
Museo  Provincial,  341 
Museo  Tecnologico  Industrial,  335 
Museo  y  Archivo  de  la  Nacion,  346 
Museu  Nacional  (Rio  de  Janeiro),  341 
Museum  for  the  Arts  of  Decoration, 

see  Cooper  Union 
Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  see 

Harvard  University 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  110-113 
Museum  of  Public  Instruction,  329-330 
MYERSTOWN  (PA.),  247 

NANTUCKET  (MASS.),  128 

Nantucket  Historical  Association,  128 

NAPERVILLE  (ILL.),  71 

NASHVILLE  (TENN.),  284-285 

Natural  History  Society  of  Delaware, 

42 
Natural  History  Society  of  Montreal, 

327 

Natural  History  Society  of  New  Bruns- 
wick, 317-318 

Nebraska  State  Historical  Society, 
165-166 

Nebraska  State  Museum,   166-167 

NEW  BEDFORD  (MASS.),  129 

NEW  BRIGHTON  (N.  Y.),  197-199 

NEW  BRIGHTON  (PA.),  247-248 

NEW  BRITAIN  (CONN.),  38 

New  Britain  Institute,  38 

NEW  BRUNSWICK  (N.  J.),  171 

NEW  GLASGOW  (N.  S.),  321 

New  Hampshire  Antiquarian  Society, 
169 

New  Hampshire  College  of  Agricul- 
ture and  the  Mechanic  Arts,  168 

New  Hampshire  Historical  Society,  167 

NEW  HAVEN  (CONN.),  38-41 

New  Haven  Colony  Historical  Society, 

38 

New  Jersey  Historical  Society,  1 70 
New  Jersey  State  Museum,  175-176 
NEW  LONDON  (CONN.),  41 
New  London  Historical  Society,  41 
NEW  ORLEANS  (LA.),  94-96 


New  York  Botanical  Garden,  206-208 
NEW  YORK  CITY  (N.  Y.),  199-211 
New  York  Historical  Society,  208 
New    York    Public    Library     (Lenox 

Branch),  208 

New  York  State  Historical  Society,  197 
New  York  State  Museum,  1 78-180 
New  York  University,  208 
New  York  Zoological  Society,  208-211 
NEWARK  (DEL.),  42 
NEWARK  (N.  J.),  170 
Newark  Museum  Association,  1 70 
NEWBERRY  (S.  C.),  282 
Newberry  College,  282 
NEWBURYPORT  (MASS.),  129 
NEWCASTLE  (!ND.),  79 
NEWTON  (MASS.),  129 
NIAGARA  (N.  Y.),  211 
Niagara  University,  211 

NOBLESVILLE   (IND.),   79 

NORFOLK  (VA.),  296 

Normal  College  (Truro),  321 

NORRISTOWN  (PA.),  248 

NORTH  BRIDCTON  (ME.),  97 

North  Carolina  State  Museum,  220-222 

NORTHAMPTON  (MASS.),  129-130 

Northern  Indiana  Historical  Society,  81 

NORTHFIELD  (MlNN.),  153 

Northwestern  College,  71 
Northwestern  University,  68-70 
NORWALK  (OHIO),  234 
NOTRE  DAME  (!ND.),  79 
Notre  Dame  University,  79 
Numismatic   and   Antiquarian  Society 

(Montreal),  327 
Numismatic  and  Antiquarian   Society 

of  Philadelphia,  252 

OAKLAND  (CAL.),  18-20 
Oakland  Public  Museum,  18-20 
OAXACA  (MEXICO),  336 
OBERLIN  (Omo),  234-235 
Oberlin  College,  234-235 
Ogden  College,  92 

Ohio  State  Archaeological  and  Histori- 
cal Society,  231 
Ohio  State  University,  232 
Ohio  Wesleyan  University,  232 
OKLAHOMA  CITY  (OKLA.),  237 
Oklahoma  Historical  Society,  237 
Old  Dartmouth  Historical  Society,  129 
Old  Settlers  and  Historical  Association 

of  Lake  County,  76 
Old  South  Association,  113-114 
Old    South    Meeting    House,    see   Old 

South  Association 

Old  State  House,  see  Bostonian  Society 
Olney  Art  Collection,  see  Oberlin  College 
OMAHA  (NEB.),  167 

Omaha  Public  Library  and   Museum, 
167 


356 


INDEX 


Oneida  Historical  Society,  218 
Onondago  Historical  Association,  217 
Ontario  Agricultural  College,  322 
Ontario  County  Historical  Society,  180 
Oregon  Academy  of  Sciences,  238 
Oregon  Agricultural  College,  238 
Oregon  Historical  Society,  238 
ORIZABA  (MEXICO),  337 
ORONO  (ME.),  97-98 
ORRS  ISLAND  (ME.),  98 
Orrs  Island  Library,  98 
OTTAWA  (ONT.),  323-324 
OXFORD  (GA.),  51 

PACIFIC  GROVE  (CAL.),  20-21 

Pacific  Grove  Museum  Association,  20- 

21 

Paine  Private  Museum,  216 
PALO  ALTO  (CAL.),  21-24 
PARANA  (ARGENTINA),  341 
PARIS  (ME.),  98 
Park  Gallery  of  Art,  see  University  of 

Vermont 

Park  Museum,  275-277 
Parker  Museum  of  Natural  History,  see 

Grinnell   College 
PASADENA  (CAL.),  24 
PAWTUCKET  (R.  I.),  274 
PEABODY  (MASS.),  130-131 
Peabody  Academy  of  Science,  133-135 
Peabody    Historical    Society,    130-131 
Peabody  Museum  (Salem),  see  Peabody 

Academy  of  Science 
Peabody  Museum  of  American  Archae- 
ology  and    Ethnology,    see  Harvard 

University 
Peabody  Museum  of  Natural  History, 

see  Yale  University 

Pember  Library  and  Museum,  192-193 
Pennsylvania  Academy  of  Fine  Arts, 

252-253 

Pennsylvania  College,  244 
Pennsylvania  Museum,  254-255 
Pennsylvania  Society,  211 
Pennsylvania  State  College,  269 
Pennsylvania  State  Museum,  244-245 
PEORIA  (ILL.),  71 
PERTH  (ONT.),  324 
Perth  Collegiate  Institute,  324 
Peter    Redpath    Museum,    see   Me  Gill 

University 

PHILADELPHIA  (PA.),  248-263 
Philadelphia  Museums,  255-258 
Phillips  Academy,  107 
Piedmont  Art  Gallery,  20 
PIERRE  (S.  p.),  282 
Pilgrim  Society,  132 
PITTSBURGH  (PA.),  263-267 

PlTTSFIELD  (MASS.),  131-132 

PLYMOUTH  (MASS.),  132 


Pocumtuck  Valley  Memorial  Associa- 
tion, 124 

POLAND  SPRING  (ME.),  99 

Poland  Spring  Art  Gallery,  99 

Polk  County  Museum,  222 

Polytechnic  Institute  of  Brooklyn,  186 

Pomona    College,    16 

PORTLAND  (ME.),  99-100 

PORTLAND  (ORE.),  238-240 

Portland  Art  Association,  239 

Portland  Free  Museum,  239-240 

Portland  Society  of  Natural  History,  99- 
100 

POTTSVILLE  (PA.),  267-268 

POUGHKEEPSIE  (N.  Y.),  2 1 1~2 1  2 

Powell  Museum,  see  Illinois  Wesleyan 
University 

Presbyterian  Historical  Society,  259 

PRINCETON  (N.  J.),  172-175 

Princeton  University,  1 7  2-1 75 

Pritchett  College,  157 

PROVIDENCE  (R.  I.),  274-278 

Providence  Athenaeum,  277 

Provincial  Museum  (Halifax),  319-320 

Provincial  Museum  (Toronto),  324 

Provincial  Museum  (Victoria),  314-315 

Public  Museum  of  the  City  of  Mil- 
waukee, 307-310 

PUEBLA  (MEXICO),  336 

PULLMAN  (WASH.),  298 

PUNTA  ARENAS  (CHILE),  342 

Purdue  University,  79 

QUEBEC  (P.  Q.),  328-330 
Queen's  University,  322-323 
QUERETARO  (MEXICO),  336 
QUITO  (ECUADOR),  346 

R.E.Lee  Camp  No.  i,  Confederate  Vet- 
erans, 296 

RACINE  (Wis.),  310-311 
Racine  Public  Library,  310-311 
RALEIGH  (N.  C.),  220-222 
RAPED  CITY  (S.D.),  282 
READING  (PA.),  268 
REHOBOTH  (MASS.),  132 
Rehoboth  Antiquarian  Society,  132 
Rensselaer   Polytechnic   Institute,    218 
Rhode  Island  Historical  Society,  277 
Rhode  Island  School  of  Design,  277-278 
Rhode  Island  State  College,  273-274 
RICHMOND  (!ND.),  80-81 
RICHMOND  (VA.),  296-29.7 
Richmond  College,  296 
Rio  DE  JANEIRO  (BRAZIL),  341 
RIPON  (Wis.),  311 
Ripon  College,  311 
ROCHESTER  (N.  Y.),  212-215 
Rochester  Academy  of  Science,  212 
Rochester  Historical  Society,  212-213 
Rock  Hill  College,  104 


INDEX 


357 


ROCK  ISLAND  (ILL.),  71-72 

Rocky  Mountains  Park  Museum,  314 

ROLLA  (Mo.),  158 

Rumford  Historical  Association,  141 

Rutgers  College,  171 

ST.  AUGUSTINE  (FLA.),  50 

St.  Augustine  Institute  of  Science  and 
Historical  Society,  50 

St.  Charles  Seminary,  331 

ST.  FRANCIS  (Wis.),  311-312 

St.  Francis  Seminary,  311-312 

ST.  JOHN  (N.  B.),  317-318 

ST.  JOHN'S  (N.  F.),  318 

St.  John's  University,  151 

ST.  JOHNSBURY  (VT.  ),  292-293 

St.  Johnsbury  Athenaeum,  293 

ST.  JOSEPH  (Mo.),  160 

SAINT-LAURENT  (P.  Q.),  330-331 

St.  Lawrence  University,  189-190 

ST.  Louis  (Mo.),  160-164 

St.  Louis  College,  54 

ST.  PAUL  (MINN.),  153-154 

St.  Paul  Institute  of  Arts  and  Sciences, 
153-154 

ST.  PETER  (MINN.),  154 

ST.  THOMAS  (ONT.),  324 

SACO   (ME.),    ioo 

SACRAMENTO  (CAL.),  24-25 

SALEM  (MASS.),  132-135 

SALEM  (N.  J.),  175 

Salem  County  Historical  Society,   175 

SALINA  (KAN.),  91 

SALT  LAKE  CITY  (UTAH),  288-289 

Salzmann  Museum,  see  St.  Francis 
Seminary 

SAN  ANTONIO  (TEX.),  286 

SAN  FRANCISCO  (CAL.),  25-29 

San  Francisco  Institute  of  Art,  26-28 

SAN  JOSE  (COSTA  RICA),  338-339 

Sandusky  County  Pioneer  and  His- 
torical Association,  233 

SANTA  CATALINA    (CAL.),   see  AVALON 

SANTA  CLARA  (CAL.),  29 

Santa  Clara  College,  29 

SANTE  FE  (N.  M.),  177 

SANTIAGO  (CHILE),  342-344 

Sauk  County  Historical  Society,  302- 
303 

SCHENECTADY  (N.  Y.),  215 

Schenectady  County  Historical  Society, 
215 

SCHOHARIE  (N.  Y.),  215-216 

Schoharie    County   Historical   Society, 

215-216 
Schuylkill   County   Historical   Society, 

267-268 
Science  and  Art  Museum,  see  Board  of 

Education  (Los  Angeles) 
Scientific  Society  of  San  Antonio,  286 
Scio  (Omo),  235 


Scio  College,  235 

Scotia  Seminary,  219 

SCRANTON  (PA.),  268 

SEATTLE  (WASH.),  298-300 

Secretaria  de  Hacienda  y  Credito  Pub- 

lico,  335 

Seminario  de  Cuernavaca,  336 
SHARON  (MASS.),  135 
Sharon  Historical  Society;  135 
SHERBROOKE  (P.  Q.),  331 
Sifley  Museum,  see  Newberry  College 
SILVER  BAY  (N.  Y.),  216 
Site  and  Relic  Society  of  Germantown, 

244 

SITKA(  ALASKA),  12 
SKANEATELES  (N.  Y.),  216 
Skaneateles  Library  Association,  216 
Smith  College,  129-130 

SOMERVILLE  (MASS.),  135 

Somerville  Historical  Society,  135 
SOUTH  BEND  (!ND.),  81 
SOUTH  BETHLEHEM  (PA.),  269 
South  Dakota  School  of  Mines,  282 
SOUTH  NATICK  (MASS.),  135 
SOUTHAMPTON  (N.  Y.),  216-217 
Southampton  Art  Museum,  216-217 
Southern  California  Academyof  Sciences, 

17 

Southwest  Museum,  17-18 
Southwestern  Presbyterian   University, 

283 

;    SPARTANBURG  (S.  C.),  282 
SPOKANE  (WASH.),  301 
SPRINGFIELD  (ILL.),  72-73 
SPRINGFIELD  (MASS.),  135-138 
SPRINGFIELD  (Mo.),  158-160 
SPRINGFIELD  (OHIO),  235 
State  Agricultural  College  (Denver),  34 
State  Board  of  Horticulture  (Denver), 

33 

State  Bureau  of  Mines  (Denver),  33 
STATE  COLLEGE  (PA.),  269 
State  College  of  Washington,  298 
State  Department  of  Archives  and  His- 
tory (Jackson),  155-156 
State  Historical  and  Natural  History 

Society  (Denver),  33 
State  Historical  Museum  of  Wisconsin. 

305-306 
State    Historical    Society    (Bismarck), 

223 

State  Historical  Society  (Iowa  City),  85 
State  Historical  Society  (Pierre),  282 
State  Historical  Society  of  Missouri,  156 
State  Museum   (Atlanta),  50 
State    Museum    of    Natural    History 

(Springfield,  111.),  72-73 
State  Normal  School  (Buffalo),  189 
State  Normal  School  (Greeley),  35 
State  Normal  School   (Winona),   154- 

155 


35« 


INDEX 


State  University  of  Iowa,  86 

Staten  Island  Association  of  Arts  and 

Sciences,  197-199 

Steinert  Ccllection,  see  Yale  University 
STERLING  (!LL.),  73 
STORRS  (CONN.),  41 
SWARTHMORE  (PA.),  270 
Swarthmore  College,  270 
Swedish  Historical  Society  of  America, 

70 

SYRACUSE  (N.  Y.),  217-218 
Syracuse  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  217 
Syracuse  University,  217-218 

TACOMA  (WASH.),  301 

Tacoma  Academy  of  Science,  301 

TACUBAYA  (MEXICO),  334 

TALLADEGA  (ALA.),  9 

Talladega  College,  9 

TAUNTON  (MASS.),  138 

Taylor  Museum,  see  Blackburn  College 

Taylor  University,  81 

Teachers  College,  see  Columbia  Uni- 
versity 

Tennessee  Historical  Society,  284 

TEPOZTLAN  (MEXICO),  336 

Thayer  Museum,  125 

Theological  Seminary,  35 

Throop  Polytechnic  Institute,  24 

TIFFIN  (OHIO),  236 

TLAUTALPAN  (MEXICO),  337 

TOLEDO  (Omo),  236 

Toledo  Museum  of  Art,  236 

TOPEKA  (Kan.),  91-92 

TOPSFIELD  (MASS.),  138 

Topsfield  Historical  Society,  138 

TORONTO  (ONT.),  324-325 

Transylvania  University,  93 

TRENTON  (N.  J.),  175-176 

Trinity  College  (Durham),  220 

Trinity  College  (Hartford),  35 

Trinity  College  Historical  Society,  220 

TROY  (N.  Y.),  218 

Trumbull  Art  Gallery,  see  Yale  Univer- 
sity (School  of  Fine  Arts) 

TRURO  (N.  S.),  321 

TRYON  (N.  C.),  222 

TUCSON  (ARIZ.),  12 

TUFTS  COLLEGE  (MASS.),  139 

Tufts  College,  139 

Tulane  University,  95-96 

Tuna  Club,  13 

TUSCALOOSA  (ALA.),  9-12 

Union  College,  215 

UNIONTOWN  (PA.),  270 

United  States  Bureau  of  Fisheries,  142 

United  States  Military  Academy,  218- 

219 

United  States  Mint,  259 
United  States  National  Museum,  45-49 


United  States  Navy  Yard  (Charles- 
town),  122-123 

Universidad  Nacional  (Buenos  Aires), 
340 

Universidad  Nacional   (Cordova),   341 

UNIVERSITY  (Miss.),  156 

UNIVERSITY  (N.  D.),  223 

University  of  Arizona,  12 

University  of  Arkansas,  13 

University  of  California  (Berkeley), 
14-16 

University  of  California  (San Francisco), 
28-29 

University  of  Chicago,  64-68 

University  of  Cincinnati,  228 

University  of  Colorado,  29-30 

University  of  Idaho,  54 

University  of  Illinois,  73-75 

University  of  Indianapolis,  78 

University  of  Kansas,  88-90 

University  of  Maine,  97-98 

University  of  Michigan,  145-147 

University  of  Minnesota,  152 

University  of  Mississippi,  156 

University  of  Missouri,  156 

University  of  New  Brunswick,  316-317 

University  of  North  Carolina,  219 

University  of  North  Dakota,  223 

University  of  Oregon,  238 

University  of  Pennsylvania,  259-261 

University  of  Pittsburgh,  267 

University  of  Rochester,  213-214 

University  of  South  Carolina,  281 

University  of  South  Dakota,  283 

University  of  Southern  California,  18 

University  of  Tennessee,  283 

University  of  Texas,  285-286 

University  of  Toronto,  325 

University  of  Utah,  289 

University  of  Vermont,  289-290 

University  of  Virginia,  294-295 

University  of  Washington,    298-300 

University  of  Wisconsin,  306 

University  of  Wyoming,  312-313 

UPLAND  (!ND.),  81 

Upper  Iowa  University,  84-85 

URBANA  (!LL.),  73-75 

UTICA(N.Y.),  218 

Valentine  Museum,  296-297 

VALLEY  FORGE  (PA.),  270-271 

Valley    Forge    Museum    of    American 

History,  270-271 
VANCOUVER  (B.  C.),  314 
Vanderbilt  University,  284-285 
Vassar  College,  2 1 1-2 1 2 
VERA  CRUZ  (MEXICO),  337 
VERMILION  (S.  D.),  283 
Vermont  Historical  Society,  291 
Vermont  State  Museum,  291-292 
VICTORIA  (B.  C.),  314-315 


INDEX 


359 


VILLE  ST.  Louis  (P.  Q.),  331-332 

VlNELAND  (N.  J.),  177 

Vineland    Historical    and    Antiquarian 

Society,  177 

Virginia  Historical  Society,  297 
Virginia    Polytechnic    Institute,    294 
Virginia  State  Library,  297 

W.  P.  Wilstach  Collection,  262-263 

Wabash  College,  75-76 

WACO  (TEX.),  287-288 

Wadsworth  Atheneum,  35-36 

Wagner  Free  Institute  of  Science,  261- 
262 

WAKE  FOREST  (N.  CO,  222 

Wake  Forest  College,  222 

Walden  University,  285 

Walker  Art  Gallery,  see  Bowdoin  College 

Walker  Private  Gallery,  152 

Walker  Museum  (Chicago),  see  Uni- 
versity of  Chicago 

Walker  Museum  (Upland),  see  Taylor 
University 

Walters  Gallery,  102-103 

War  Relic   Department   (Denver),   34 

Ward's  Natural  Science  Establishment, 
214 

Warren  Anatomical  Museum,  see  Har- 
vard Medical  School 

Wartburg  Teachers  Seminary,  86-87 

Washburn  College,  92 

WASHINGTON,  (D.  CO,  42-49 

WASHINGTON  (PAO,  271 

Washington  and  Jefferson  College,  271 

Washington  and  Lee  University,   295 

Washington  County  Historical  Society, 
271^ 

Washington  State  Art  Association,  300- 
301 

Washington  University,  164 

WATERLOO  (N.  YO,  218 

Waterloo  Library  and  Historical  Soci- 
ety, 218 

WATERTOWN  (N.  YO,  218 

WATERVILLE  (ME.),  100-101 

WAVERLY  (IOWA),  86-87    . 

Wayne  County  Historical  Society,   75 

WELLESLEY  (MASsO,  139-140 

Wellesley  College,  139-140 

Wells  College,  181 

Wesley  an  University,  36-38 

WEST  CHESTER  (PAO,  271 

West  Chester  State  Normal  School,  271 

WEST  NEWBURY  (MASsO,  140 

West  Newbury  Natural  History  Club, 
140 

WEST  POINT  (N.  YO,  218-219 

West  Virginia  University,  301 

WESTBOROUGH  (MASsO,  140 

Westborough   Historical    Society,    140 

Western  Gallery  of  Art,  157-158 


Western    Reserve    Historical    Society, 

229-230 

Western  Reserve  University,    230-231 
WESTFIELD  (VrO,  294 
Whiteside  County  Historical  Society,  73 
WICHITA  (KANO,  92 
WILKES-BARRE  (PAO,  271-272 
William  Fogg  Library,  97 
William  Hayes  Fogg  Art. Museum,  see 

Harvard  University 
Williams   College,     141 

WlLLIAMSPORT  (PAO,  272-273 

WlLLIAMSTOWN  (MASSO,  141 
WILMINGTON  (DEL.),  42 
WINDSOR  (N.  SO,  321 
WINONA  (MINN.),  154-155 

WlNTERSET  (IOWA),  87 

Wistar  Institute  of  Anatomy  and  Biol- 
ogy, see  University  of  Pennsylvania 
WOBURN  (MASS.),  141 
Wofford  College,  282 

WOLFVILLE  (N.  S.),  321-322 

Woman's  College  of  Baltimore,  103-104 
WOODBURY  (N.  J.),  177 
WOODS  HOLE  (MASS.),  142 
WORCESTER  (MASS.),  142-144 
Worcester  Art  Museum,  142-143 
Worcester  Natural  History  Society,  144 
Worcester  Society  of  Antiquity,  144 
Wyoming    Historical    and    Geological 
Society,  271-272 

XALAPA  (MEXICO),  337 

Yale  University,  38-41 
YELLOW  SPRINGS  (OHIO),  237 
YORK  (PAO,  273 

York  County  Historical  Society,  273 
York  Institute,  100 

Zoological  Park  (Akron),  224 
Zoological  Park  (Atlanta) ,  50 
Zoological  Park  (Baltimore),  104 
Zoological  Park  (Binghamton),  181 
Zoological  Park  (Buffalo),  189 
Zoological  Park  (Canton,  O.),  224 
Zoological  Park  (Chattanooga),  283 
Zoological  Park  (Chicago),  68 
Zoological  Park  (Cincinnati),  228 
Zoological  Park  (Cleveland),  231 
Zoological  Park  (Davenport),  83 
Zoological  Park  (Denver),  34 
Zoological  Park  (Des  Moines),  84 
Zoological  Park  (Detroit),   see  Depart- 
ment of  Parks  and  Boulevards  (De- 
troit) 

Zcological  Park  (Elmira),  191 
Zoological  Park  (Grand  Rapids),  150 
Zoological  Park  (Indianapolis),  78 
Zoological  Park  (Lincoln),  167 
Zoological  Park  (Los  Angeles),  18 


INDEX 


Zoological  Park  (Memphis),  284 
Zoological  Park  (Milwaukee),  310 
Zoological  Park  (Minneapolis),  152 
Zoological  Park  (Nashville),  285 
Zoological  Park  (New  Bedford),  129 
Zoological  Park  (New  York),   see  New 

York  Zoological  Society 
Zoological  Park  (Newton),  129 
Zoological  Park  (Norfolk),  296 
Zoological  Park  (Oklahoma  City),  237 
Zoological  Park  (Omaha),  167 
Zoological  Park  (Pawtucket),  274 
Zoological  Park  (Peoria),  71 
Zoological  Park  (Pittsburgh),  267 
Zoological  Park  (Portland,  Me.),  100 
Zoological  Park  (Portland,  Ore.),  240 
Zoological  Park  (Providence),  278 
Zoological  Park  (Rochester),  215 
Zoological  Park  (St.  Joseph),  160 


Zoological  Park  (St.  Louis),  164 
Zoological  Park  (St.  Paul),  154 
Zoological  Park  (San  Antonio),  286 
Zoological  Park  (San  Francisco),  29 
Zoological  Park  (Scranton),  268 
Zoological  Park  (Seattle),  301 
Zoological  Park  (South  Bend),  81 
Zoological  Park  (Spokane),  301 
Zoological  Park  (Springfield,    Mass.), 

138 

Zoological  Park  (Tacoma),  301 
Zoological  Park  (Toledo),  236 
Zoological  Park  (Trenton),  176 
Zoological  Park  (Washington,    D.    C.j, 

49 

Zoological  Park  (Wichita),  92 
Zoological  Park  (Wilmington),  42 
Zoological  Society  of  Philadelphia,  263 
Zoological  Station  (Avalon),  14 


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